CN112586222B - System for expanding propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as host - Google Patents
System for expanding propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as host Download PDFInfo
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- CN112586222B CN112586222B CN202011379062.XA CN202011379062A CN112586222B CN 112586222 B CN112586222 B CN 112586222B CN 202011379062 A CN202011379062 A CN 202011379062A CN 112586222 B CN112586222 B CN 112586222B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
- A01G9/023—Multi-tiered planters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/02—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil
- A01C23/023—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil for liquid or gas fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/62—Racks; Trays
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
- A01G9/025—Containers and elements for greening walls
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Abstract
A system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host comprises a plurality of fixed stand columns, wherein a plurality of fungi propagation expanding devices are arranged on each fixed stand column at intervals along the height direction of the fixed stand column, each group of fungi propagation expanding device comprises an inner planting cavity and an outer planting cavity, a fungi propagation expanding cavity is formed between the inner planting cavity and the outer planting cavity, and the two planting cavities are communicated with the fungi propagation expanding cavity through a plurality of fungi propagation expanding channels, so that the fibrous roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the alfalfa propagate into the fungi propagation expanding cavity. The fungus breeding diffusion channel can introduce arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a plurality of fibrous roots into the fungus matrix soil in the fungus propagation cavity, and enables hypha, spores and the like to be attached to the fungus matrix soil, so that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is prepared after the fungus matrix soil is collected, and new fungus matrix soil is filled into the fungus propagation cavity again, the growth of the alfalfa root system and the fungus growth propagation cannot be influenced, the continuous production is realized, and the propagation efficiency of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the field of microorganisms, in particular to a system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host.
Background
Mycorrhiza is the result of co-evolution of the plant with mycorrhizal fungi during long-term survival. Its existence is not only beneficial to improving the ability of plant to resist adverse environment and promoting plant growth, but also beneficial to the survival of mycorrhizal fungi. This relationship sometimes develops to the extent that both parties are difficult to distinguish, plants lack mycorrhiza and cannot survive, and mycorrhiza lacks essential plant root system symbiosis, cannot complete life history, and cannot continue to reproduce.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza is the most common endophytic mycorrhiza, and is a symbiont formed by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots in soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are widely distributed in nature, and it is known that about 90% of the flowering plants as well as ferns and bryophytes in the world can be symbiotic with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi play an important role in balancing plant nutrient circulation and effectively utilizing water, can promote plant growth, improve the survival rate of transplanted plants and improve the stress resistance of the plants. Moreover, there are many beneficial effects on plant growth and development, especially in improving plant phosphorus, nitrogen and mineral nutrition. Researches show that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculated under certain conditions can promote the absorption and utilization of phosphorus, zinc and copper in soil by plants, and have certain effects on the absorption of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese and the like. Therefore, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have wide application prospects in the fields of agriculture, forestry production and landscaping.
However, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are strict symbiotic fungi, and the survival of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi depends on living higher plants strictly, so that the difficulty in culturing and producing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi agent on a large scale is higher. There are many methods for obtaining arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the laboratory, such as: the culture method generally adopts clover and the like as host plants for culture, but the clover has relatively small root systems, belongs to annual herbaceous plants, has short life cycle, and is difficult to carry out long-term industrialized propagation of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host, which utilizes perennial alfalfa as the host of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, has long growth period, can continuously propagate the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for a long period of time and obtain hypha, spores and the like of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and compared with the existing propagation method and device which rely on clover as the host, the method for obtaining the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is simple and convenient, and has high efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the technical purpose is as follows: a system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host comprises a plurality of fixed stand columns, wherein a plurality of groups of fungi propagation expanding devices are arranged on each fixed stand column at intervals along the height direction of the fixed stand column, each group of fungi propagation expanding device comprises an inner planting cavity and an outer planting cavity, the inner planting cavity is arranged around the fixed stand column, the outer planting cavity is arranged around the inner planting cavity, a fungi propagation expanding cavity is formed between the inner planting cavity and the outer planting cavity, and the top of the fungi propagation expanding cavity is provided with an opening so as to inject fungi matrix soil into the fungus propagation expanding cavity; the bottom of the box body is sealed into an annular cavity for containing the fungus matrix soil through an openable annular partition plate, so that the fungus matrix soil and arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae and spores growing in the fungus matrix soil can be collected after the fungus matrix soil and the arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae and spores grow out of the fungus propagation cavity after the annular partition plate is opened;
the inner planting cavity and the outer planting cavity are both planted with alfalfa inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and the inner planting cavity and the outer planting cavity are both distributed with a plurality of fungi breeding diffusion channels, one part of each fungi breeding diffusion channel is positioned in the inner planting cavity or the outer planting cavity, and the other part is positioned in the fungi propagation cavity, so that the fibrous roots and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the alfalfa propagate into the fungi propagation cavities through the fungi breeding diffusion channels.
As a preferable scheme of the system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host, the fungi matrix soil is formed by mixing glass beads with the diameter of 2mm and river sand with the grain diameter not more than 1mm in a volume ratio of 1: 2.
As another preferable scheme of the system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host, the upper parts of the inner planting cavity and the outer planting cavity are both provided with seed supporting gauzes, so that alfalfa seeds inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are sown on the seed supporting gauzes; the seed supporting gauze divides the inner planting cavity or the outer planting cavity into a plant growth area at the upper part and a root system development area at the lower part, the fungus breeding diffusion channel comprises a pipe body with one open end and the other closed end, the part of the pipe body positioned in the root system development area is a fungus pricking area, the part positioned in the fungus propagation expanding cavity is a hypha penetrating area, and through holes are densely distributed on the surfaces of the fungus pricking area and the hypha penetrating area, so that root systems and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the root system development area enter the fungus propagation expanding cavity along the inside of the pipe body; the end part of the fungus pricking area is a pipe body opening end, a gauze layer is wrapped outside the fungus pricking area, and the gauze layer seals the pipe body opening end; the end part of the hypha penetrating area is closed;
a plurality of bast fiber bundles arranged along the length direction of the pipe body of the fungus breeding diffusion channel are distributed in the pipe body of the fungus breeding diffusion channel, culture medium soil is filled among the bast fiber bundles, and the culture medium soil is formed by mixing vermiculite powder with the grain diameter not more than 1mm and river sand particles with the grain diameter not more than 2mm in a volume ratio of 4: 1.
As another preferable scheme of the system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host, the diameter of the bast fiber bundle is 1-2mm, the outer diameter of the pipe body of each fungi propagation diffusion channel is 10-15mm, the wall thickness is 1-2mm, and the distance between adjacent fungi propagation diffusion channels is 2 cm.
As another preferable scheme of the system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host, the fungi propagation diffusion channel is obliquely arranged, and the height of the same fungi propagation diffusion channel from the fungi penetration area to the hypha penetration area is gradually reduced, so that the natural growth of the fungi hypha is facilitated.
As another preferable scheme of the system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host, the top of the fungi propagation device is fixed on the fixed upright post through a connecting piece, the connecting piece is a plurality of support rods horizontally arranged around the fixed upright post, the tops of the inner planting cavity and the outer planting cavity of the fungi propagation device are respectively connected with the support rods, and a space between two adjacent support rods forms a space for growing alfalfa.
As another preferable scheme of the system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by using alfalfa as a host, the bottom of the fungi propagation device is connected with a support plate assembly arranged around a fixed upright, the support plate assembly comprises an inner support plate arranged around the fixed upright, a plurality of outer support rods are uniformly distributed around the edge of the inner support plate, clamping platforms for accommodating annular partition plates are formed by the upper surfaces of the outer support rods and the side wall of the inner support plate, the annular partition plates are formed by splicing two symmetrical halves, a raised joint plate is arranged at the inner edge of each annular partition plate, and the joint plates can be clamped into annular grooves at the edges of the clamping platforms, so that the annular partition plates are fixedly connected with the inner support plate, and the upper surfaces of the annular partition plates are parallel and level with the upper surfaces of the inner support plates, thereby forming a platform for supporting the bottom of the fungi propagation device.
As another preferable scheme of the system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host, the edge of the inner support plate is flush with the outer side wall of the inner planting cavity, and the free end of the outer support rod extends to the position below the outer side wall of the outer planting cavity.
As another preferable scheme of the system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host, an illuminating lamp for providing illumination is arranged at a position between two adjacent groups of fungi propagation devices on each fixed upright; the fixed upright post is of a hollow tubular structure with a hollow cavity, and a power line is arranged in the hollow cavity and used for supplying power to each illuminating lamp.
As another preferable scheme of the system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host, the inner planting cavity is annular, a cavity is formed between the inner side wall of the inner planting cavity and the fixed upright post, nutrient solution cavities are formed in the inner side wall surrounding the inner planting cavity and the outer side wall surrounding the outer planting cavity in the cavity, a plurality of nutrient solution pipes are distributed in the nutrient solution cavities, each nutrient solution pipe is a strip-shaped object formed by sand stone particles wrapped by non-woven fabrics, the diameter of each nutrient solution pipe is 1cm, and the distance between every two adjacent nutrient solution pipes is 2-3 cm; one part of all nutrient solution pipes is located the nutrient solution intracavity, and another part penetrates in the root system development district of planting the chamber in or planting the chamber outward to supply alfalfa grass root system to grow in conducting the nutrient solution of nutrient solution intracavity to the root system development district.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention discloses an expanding propagation arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi system which can be used for industrialized assembly line operation, a plurality of fixed upright posts are arranged in a certain space, a plurality of groups of fungi expanding propagation devices are distributed on each fixed upright post, the core of each group of fungi expanding propagation device is two annular planting cavities which are nested with each other, the space between the two annular planting cavities is sealed by an annular partition plate with an openable bottom to form a fungi expanding propagation cavity filled with fungi matrix soil, alfalfa is planted in the two planting cavities, so that during the growth process of an alfalfa root system, the root system can enter the fungi expanding propagation cavity by virtue of a fungi propagation diffusion channel which communicates the planting cavity and the fungi expanding propagation cavity, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and some fibrous roots can gradually enter the fungi matrix soil in the fungi propagating propagation cavity along with the time, and hyphae, and the like are attached to the fungi matrix soil, after the annular partition plate is opened, the fungus matrix soil containing hyphae and spores is separated from the fungus propagation expanding cavity under the action of gravity and collected to prepare the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus agent, and then the annular partition plate is sealed and then filled with new fungus matrix soil again, so that the growth of the alfalfa root system and the fungus growth propagation expanding are not influenced, the continuous production is realized, and the efficiency of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus propagation expanding is improved;
2) the main body of the fungus breeding diffusion channel is a pipe body with through holes distributed on the surface, and a gauze layer coated on the surface of the through holes on a fungus stabbing area positioned in a root system development area can prevent soil in the root system development area from blocking the through holes, but can enable alfalfa fibrous root systems and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to enter the fungus breeding diffusion channel through the through holes and enter a substrate of a hypha propagation area through a hypha outlet area, a large amount of hypha and spores exist in fungus substrate soil after a period of culture, and after the fungus substrate soil is discharged, new fungus substrate soil is put into the fungus substrate soil from the upper end to perform a new round of propagation;
3) the culture medium soil formed by mixing the bast fiber bundles, the vermiculite powder and the river sand particles is filled in the fungus breeding diffusion channel, and the existence of the bast fiber bundles in the culture medium soil can form a nutrient solution extending along the length direction of the nutrient solution and a hypha growth channel in the fungus breeding diffusion channel, so that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are expanded and propagated along the direction of the bast fiber bundles, and then enter the fungus medium soil of the fungus propagation cavity within the shortest time;
4) according to the invention, nutrient solution cavities are respectively arranged on two sides of two planting areas, and nutrient solution pipes penetrating into the two planting areas are arranged in the nutrient solution cavities, the main bodies of the nutrient solution pipes are strips formed by sand stone particles wrapped by non-woven fabrics, and the sand stone particles have high porosity and one end of the sand stone particles is positioned in the nutrient solution cavities, so that the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution cavities can be sucked into the root system development areas, the nutrient solution in the soil in the root system development areas is kept at a certain content, and the continuous and healthy growth of the root systems is promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic distribution diagram of the fungus propagation device on each fixed upright post;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the fungus propagation device on the fixed upright;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic bottom view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the fungus propagation device;
FIG. 7 is an overall external schematic view of a fungal propagation diffusion channel;
FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a fungal growth diffusion channel;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the support plate assembly;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the annular partition;
reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a fixed upright post, 101, a hollow cavity, 102, a power line, 2, a connecting piece, 3, a supporting plate assembly, 301, an inner supporting plate, 302, an annular groove, 303, an outer supporting rod, 304, a lighting lamp, 305, a clamping table, 4, a fungus propagation expanding device, 401, an annular partition plate, 402, an outer planting cavity, 403, an inner planting cavity, 404, seed supporting gauze, 405, a plant growth area, 406, a root system development area, 407, a fungus propagation expanding cavity, 408, a cavity, 409, a nutrient solution cavity, 4010, a joint plate, 5, a fungus propagation and diffusion channel, 501, a fungus pricking area, 502, a hypha piercing area, 503, a through hole, 504, a gauze layer, 505, a phloem fiber bundle, 506, culture matrix soil, 6 and a nutrient solution tube.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments. The parts of the invention not illustrated in the following examples, such as the soil composition in the planting cavity, the composition of the nutrient solution, the alfalfa seed planting, the method of inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the time of plant cultivation, etc., are all within the ability of the person skilled in the art to select according to the prior art. The alfalfa selected in the invention is a perennial herbaceous plant.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, a system for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host comprises a plurality of fixed columns 1, wherein a plurality of groups of fungi propagation devices 4 are arranged on each fixed column 1 at intervals along the height direction of the fixed column 1, each group of fungi propagation devices 4 comprises an inner planting cavity 403 arranged around the fixed column 1 and an outer planting cavity 402 arranged around the inner planting cavity 403, a fungi propagation cavity 407 is formed between the inner planting cavity 403 and the outer planting cavity 402, and the top of the fungi propagation cavity 407 is open so as to inject fungi matrix soil into the fungi propagation cavity; the bottom of the box body is sealed into an annular cavity for containing the fungus matrix soil through an openable annular partition plate 401, so that after the annular partition plate 401 is opened, the fungus matrix soil and arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae and spores growing in the fungus matrix soil are separated from the fungus propagation cavity 407 and collected;
alfalfa inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is planted in the inner planting cavity 403 and the outer planting cavity 402, a plurality of fungi breeding diffusion channels 5 are distributed in the inner planting cavity 403 and the outer planting cavity 402, one part of each fungi breeding diffusion channel 5 is located in the inner planting cavity 403 or the outer planting cavity 402, and the other part of each fungi breeding diffusion channel 5 is located in the fungi propagation cavity 407, so that the fibrous roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the alfalfa propagate into the fungi propagation cavity 407 through the fungi breeding diffusion channels 5.
In this embodiment, there is at least a 50cm gap between two adjacent fungus propagation devices 4 on the same fixed upright 1, which is convenient for taking out the fungus matrix soil containing fungus hypha and spore, filling in new fungus matrix soil, and leaving relatively large space for alfalfa to grow.
In this embodiment, the fixed upright 1 can be a hollow tube to reduce weight; the inner planting cavity 403 and the outer planting cavity 402 are both structures with closed bottoms and open tops, the depth is generally 40-50cm, the width is generally 10-30cm, and the sowing amount of the alfalfa can be generally 1-3 grass seeds per square centimeter according to needs.
In this embodiment, because alfalfa is a perennial herbaceous plant and the plant grows rapidly under sufficient nutrients, the stem and leaves of alfalfa need to be periodically cut off, and the height of the surface of the planting cavity is kept at 10-20 cm.
In this embodiment, the fixed columns 1, the fungus propagation device 4, and the planting soil, the fungus matrix soil, etc. therein are all required to be sterilized by steam in advance before use.
In this embodiment, a fungus propagation expanding cavity 407 is formed between the inner planting cavity 403 and the outer planting cavity 402, so that root systems of alfalfa in the two planting cavities can be gathered in the fungus propagation expanding cavity 407, and the content of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a unit volume is increased.
The foregoing is a basic embodiment of the present invention, and further modifications, optimizations and limitations can be made on the foregoing, so as to obtain the following examples:
example 2
This embodiment is an improved scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure thereof is the same as embodiment 1, and the improvement point is that: the fungus matrix soil is formed by mixing glass beads with the diameter of 2mm and river sand with the grain diameter not more than 1mm in a volume ratio of 1: 2.
The humidity condition in the substrate soil can be easily changed by adopting the mixture of the glass beads and the river sand as the substrate soil of the fungi, so that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are promoted to produce spores;
in this example, both the glass beads and the river sand need to be steam sterilized to be used.
Example 3
The present embodiment is another modified scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 6-8, the upper parts of the inner planting cavity 403 and the outer planting cavity 402 are both provided with seed supporting gauze 404, so that alfalfa seeds inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are sown on the seed supporting gauze 404; the seed supporting gauze 404 divides the inner planting cavity 403 or the outer planting cavity 402 into an upper plant growth area 405 and a lower root system development area 406, the fungus propagation diffusion channel 5 comprises a pipe body with an opening at one end and a closed end at the other end, the part of the pipe body located in the root system development area 406 is a fungus penetration area 501, the part located in the fungus propagation expansion cavity 407 is a hypha penetration area 502, and through holes 503 are densely distributed on the surfaces of the fungus penetration area 501 and the hypha penetration area 502, so that root systems and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the root system development area 406 enter the fungus propagation expansion cavity 407 along the inside of the pipe body; the end part of the fungus pricking area 501 is a pipe body opening end, a gauze layer 504 is wrapped outside the fungus pricking area 501, and the pipe body opening end is plugged by the gauze layer 504; the end of the hypha emergence zone 502 is closed;
a plurality of bast fiber bundles 505 arranged along the length direction of the pipe body of the fungus breeding diffusion channel 5 are distributed in the pipe body of the fungus breeding diffusion channel 5, culture matrix soil 506 is filled among the bast fiber bundles 505, and the culture matrix soil 506 is formed by mixing vermiculite powder with the grain diameter not more than 1mm and river sand particles with the grain diameter not more than 2mm in a volume ratio of 4: 1.
In this embodiment, the bast fiber bundles 505 are formed by binding a plurality of flax fibers.
In this embodiment, the so-called seed supporting gauze 404 serves to hold the sown alfalfa seeds on the surface of the gauze, and also does not affect the downward growth of the root system of the seeds;
in this embodiment, the root development area 406 is filled with soil, the surface is covered with the seed supporting gauze 404, the alfalfa seeds to be sown are mixed with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and then are sown on the seed supporting gauze 404, and a layer of soil is attached to complete sowing;
in order to promote the root system to grow well, the culture soil filled in the root system development area 406 is formed by mixing peat soil and vermiculite particles with the particle size not more than 2mm in a volume ratio of 4:1, and is sterilized and disinfected by high-temperature steam; the covering soil in the plant growth area 405 is formed by mixing sand with the grain diameter not more than 1mm and vermiculite powder in a volume ratio of 2:3, and has good water and air permeability.
Example 4
This embodiment is an improved scheme based on embodiment 3, and the main structure thereof is the same as embodiment 3, and the improvement point is that: as shown in FIG. 8, the diameter of the bast fiber bundle 505 is 1-2mm, the outer diameter of the pipe body of each fungus breeding diffusion channel 5 is 10-15mm, the wall thickness is 1-2mm, and the distance between adjacent fungus breeding diffusion channels 5 is 2 cm.
Example 5
The present embodiment is another modified scheme based on embodiment 3, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as embodiment 3, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 3 and 6, the fungus breeding diffusion channel 5 is obliquely arranged, and the height of the same fungus breeding diffusion channel 5 gradually decreases from the fungus pricking area 501 to the hypha passing area 502, so as to facilitate the natural growth of the fungus hypha.
In this embodiment, the angle of inclination of the fungal growth diffusion channel 5 is typically 10-30 ° from horizontal.
Example 6
The present embodiment is another modified scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the top of the fungus propagation device 4 is fixed on the fixed upright post 1 through a connecting member 2, the connecting member 2 is a plurality of support rods horizontally arranged around the fixed upright post 1, the tops of the inner planting cavity 403 and the outer planting cavity 402 of the fungus propagation device 4 are respectively connected with the support rods, and the space between two adjacent support rods forms a space for growing alfalfa.
In this embodiment, the number of the support rods is at least 6, preferably 8, and the support rods are evenly distributed, and in practice, the support rods can be welded to the tops of the inner planting cavity 403 and the outer planting cavity 402.
Example 7
The present embodiment is another modified scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 9, the bottom of the fungus propagation expanding device 4 is connected to the supporting plate assembly 3 disposed around the fixed upright 1, the supporting plate assembly 3 includes an inner supporting plate 301 disposed around the fixed upright 1, a plurality of outer supporting rods 303 are uniformly distributed around the edge of the inner supporting plate 301, and the upper surfaces of the outer supporting rods 303 and the side wall of the inner supporting plate 301 form a clamping platform 305 for accommodating an annular partition 401, the annular partition 401 is formed by splicing two symmetrical halves, and the inner edge of the annular partition 401 has a raised joint plate 4010, the joint plate 4010 can be clamped into an annular groove 302 at the edge of the clamping platform 305, so that the annular partition 401 and the inner supporting plate 301 are fixedly connected, and the upper surface of the annular partition 401 is flush with the upper surface of the inner supporting plate 301, thereby forming a platform for supporting the bottom of the fungus propagation expanding device 4.
In this embodiment, the number of the outer struts 303 is at least 6, preferably 8, and the outer struts are uniformly distributed.
Example 8
This embodiment is an improved scheme based on embodiment 7, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 7, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 3, the edge of the inner support plate 301 is flush with the outer sidewall of the inner planting cavity 403, and the free end of the outer support rod 303 extends below the outer sidewall of the outer planting cavity 402.
Example 9
The present embodiment is another modified scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 3, an illuminating lamp 304 for providing illumination is arranged on each fixed upright 1 at a position between two adjacent groups of fungus propagation devices 4; the stationary mast 1 is a hollow tubular structure having a hollow cavity 101, and a power cord 102 is disposed in the hollow cavity 101, the power cord 102 being used to supply power to each illumination lamp 304.
In this embodiment, the illuminating lamp 304 may be disposed on the fixing post 1, or may be disposed at the bottom of the inner support plate 301 of each support plate assembly 3.
In order to provide enough illumination, the top end of each fixed upright post 1 is also provided with an illuminating lamp 304 for providing a light source for alfalfa planted in the fungus propagation device 4 at the uppermost layer.
Example 10
The present embodiment is another modified scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 6, the inner planting cavity 403 is annular, a cavity 408 is formed between the inner side wall of the inner planting cavity 403 and the fixed upright post 1, a nutrient solution cavity 409 is arranged in the cavity 408 around the inner side wall of the inner planting cavity 403 and around the outer side wall of the outer planting cavity 402, a plurality of nutrient solution tubes 6 are distributed in the nutrient solution cavity 409, each nutrient solution tube 6 is a strip formed by sand stone particles wrapped by non-woven fabrics, the diameter of each nutrient solution tube 6 is 1cm, and the distance between two adjacent nutrient solution tubes 6 is 2-3 cm; a part of all the nutrient solution pipes 6 are positioned in the nutrient solution cavity 409, and the other part of the nutrient solution pipes penetrate into the root system development area 406 of the inner planting cavity 403 or the outer planting cavity 402 so as to conduct the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution cavity 409 into the root system development area 406 for the development of the alfalfa root system.
In this embodiment, the nutrient solution chamber 409 is made closed, but has an openable opening for filling it with a supplementary nutrient solution.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the sand particles does not exceed 2 mm.
Example 11
In the above embodiments of the present invention, after sowing alfalfa for 8-10 days, the inducer may be continuously poured into the fungus matrix soil of the fungus propagation cavity 407 every 3 days along the inner walls of the two sides of the fungus propagation cavity 407, the pouring amount is 15% of the total volume of the fungus matrix soil each time, and the pouring is continued for 5 times; the inducer is Hoagland nutrient solution containing 5,7,4 '-trihydroxyflavone and abscisic acid, the concentration of the 5,7,4' -trihydroxyflavone is 300nmol/L, and the concentration of the abscisic acid is 700-800 nmol/L;
the main body of the inducer in the embodiment is Hoagland nutrient solution, which provides necessary nutrient elements for the growth of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the root system, so that the alfalfa root system can be induced to rapidly grow into the fungus propagation cavity 407 along the fungus propagation diffusion channel 5, and the abscisic acid and the 5,7,4' -trihydroxyflavone contained in the alfalfa root system can accelerate the growth of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and accelerate the spore division of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, so that the propagation speed is increased.
Claims (8)
1. A system for expanding propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by taking alfalfa as a host is characterized in that: the system comprises a plurality of fixed upright posts (1), wherein a plurality of groups of fungus propagation expanding devices (4) are arranged on each fixed upright post (1) at intervals along the height direction of the fixed upright post, each group of fungus propagation expanding devices (4) comprises an inner planting cavity (403) arranged around the fixed upright post (1) and an outer planting cavity (402) arranged around the inner planting cavity (403), a fungus propagation expanding cavity (407) is formed between the inner planting cavity (403) and the outer planting cavity (402), and the top of the fungus propagation expanding cavity (407) is provided with an opening so as to inject fungus matrix soil into the fungus propagation expanding cavity; the bottom of the box body is closed into an annular cavity for containing the fungus matrix soil through an openable annular partition plate (401), so that after the annular partition plate (401) is opened, the fungus matrix soil and arbuscular mycorrhizal hypha and spores growing in the fungus matrix soil are separated from a fungus propagation cavity (407) and then collected;
the inner planting cavity (403) and the outer planting cavity (402) are both planted with alfalfa inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, a plurality of fungi breeding diffusion channels (5) are distributed in the inner planting cavity (403) and the outer planting cavity (402), one part of each fungi breeding diffusion channel (5) is positioned in the inner planting cavity (403) or the outer planting cavity (402), and the other part is positioned in the fungi propagation cavity (407), so that the fibrous roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the alfalfa propagate into the fungi propagation cavity (407) through the fungi breeding diffusion channels (5);
seed supporting gauzes (404) are arranged at the upper parts of the inner planting cavity (403) and the outer planting cavity (402) so that alfalfa seeds inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are sown on the seed supporting gauzes (404); the seed supporting gauze (404) divides the inner planting cavity (403) or the outer planting cavity (402) into an upper plant growth area (405) and a lower root system development area (406), the fungus propagation diffusion channel (5) comprises a pipe body with one open end and the other closed end, the part of the pipe body located in the root system development area (406) is a fungus penetration area (501), the part located in the fungus propagation expanding cavity (407) is a hypha penetration area (502), and through holes (503) are densely distributed on the surfaces of the fungus penetration area (501) and the hypha penetration area (502), so that root systems and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the root system development area (406) enter the fungus propagation expanding cavity (407) along the inside of the pipe body; the end part of the fungus pricking area (501) is a pipe body opening end, a gauze layer (504) wraps the outside of the fungus pricking area (501), and the pipe body opening end is plugged by the gauze layer (504); the end of the hypha penetration area (502) is closed;
a plurality of bast fiber bundles (505) arranged along the length direction of the pipe body of the fungus breeding diffusion channel (5) are distributed in the pipe body, culture matrix soil (506) is filled among the bast fiber bundles (505), and the culture matrix soil (506) is formed by mixing vermiculite powder with the grain diameter not more than 1mm and river sand particles with the grain diameter not more than 2mm in a volume ratio of 4: 1;
the inner planting cavity (403) is annular, a cavity (408) is formed between the inner side wall of the inner planting cavity and the fixed upright post (1), a nutrient solution cavity (409) is formed in the cavity (408) around the inner side wall of the inner planting cavity (403) and around the outer side wall of the outer planting cavity (402), a plurality of nutrient solution pipes (6) are distributed in the nutrient solution cavity (409), each nutrient solution pipe (6) is a strip-shaped object formed by sand stone particles wrapped by non-woven fabrics, the diameter of each nutrient solution pipe is 1cm, and the distance between every two adjacent nutrient solution pipes (6) is 2-3 cm; one part of all the nutrient solution pipes (6) is positioned in the nutrient solution cavity (409), and the other part of the nutrient solution pipes penetrates into the root system development area (406) of the inner planting cavity (403) or the outer planting cavity (402) so as to conduct the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution cavity (409) into the root system development area (406) for the root system development of the alfalfa.
2. The system for expanding propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi using alfalfa as a host according to claim 1, wherein: the fungus matrix soil is formed by mixing glass beads with the diameter of 2mm and river sand with the grain diameter not more than 1mm in a volume ratio of 1: 2.
3. The system for expanding propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi using alfalfa as a host according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the bast fiber bundle (505) is 1-2mm, the outer diameter of the pipe body of each fungus breeding diffusion channel (5) is 10-15mm, the wall thickness is 1-2mm, and the distance between adjacent fungus breeding diffusion channels (5) is 2 cm.
4. The system for expanding propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi using alfalfa as a host according to claim 1, wherein: the fungus breeding diffusion channel (5) is obliquely arranged, and the height of the same fungus breeding diffusion channel (5) from the fungus pricking area (501) to the hypha penetrating area (502) is gradually reduced, so that the natural growth of fungus hypha is facilitated.
5. The system for expanding propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi using alfalfa as a host according to claim 1, wherein: the top of fungus expanding propagation device (4) is passed through connecting piece (2) and is fixed on fixed stand (1), and this connecting piece (2) are for encircling a plurality of spinal branch vaulting poles of fixed stand (1) level setting, fungus expanding propagation device's (4) interior planting chamber (403) and outer planting chamber (402) top are connected with these bracing pieces respectively, and the space between two adjacent bracing pieces forms the space that alfalfa grass grows.
6. The system for expanding propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi using alfalfa as a host according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of fungus expanding propagation device (4) is connected with backup pad subassembly (3) that set up around fixed stand (1), backup pad subassembly (3) include one encircle interior backup pad (301) that fixed stand (1) set up, the edge evenly distributed who encircles interior backup pad (301) has a plurality of outer vaulting poles (303), and the upper surface of these outer vaulting poles (303) forms ka tai (305) of holding annular baffle (401) with the lateral wall of interior backup pad (301), annular baffle (401) be the concatenation of symmetrical two halves and form, and its inner edge has bellied splice plate (4010), this splice plate (4010) can block into annular groove (302) at ka tai (305) edge to realize the fixed connection of annular baffle (401) and interior backup pad (301), and the upper surface of annular baffle (401) is parallel and level with the upper surface of interior backup pad (301), thereby forming a platform for supporting the bottom of the fungus propagation device (4).
7. The system for expanding propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi using alfalfa as a host according to claim 6, wherein: the edge of the inner support plate (301) is flush with the outer side wall of the inner planting cavity (403), and the free end of the outer support rod (303) extends to the position below the outer side wall of the outer planting cavity (402).
8. The system for expanding propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi using alfalfa as a host according to claim 1, wherein: an illuminating lamp (304) for providing illumination is arranged between two adjacent groups of fungus propagation devices (4) on each fixed upright post (1); the fixed upright post (1) is of a hollow tubular structure with a hollow cavity (101), a power line (102) is arranged in the hollow cavity (101), and the power line (102) is used for supplying power to each illuminating lamp (304).
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| CN115443854B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-06-27 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus agent preparation facilities |
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