CN219330142U - Experimental device for simulation soda saline-alkali soil space heterogeneity - Google Patents

Experimental device for simulation soda saline-alkali soil space heterogeneity Download PDF

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CN219330142U
CN219330142U CN202320194716.4U CN202320194716U CN219330142U CN 219330142 U CN219330142 U CN 219330142U CN 202320194716 U CN202320194716 U CN 202320194716U CN 219330142 U CN219330142 U CN 219330142U
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soil
isolator
alkali
saline
growth box
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马红媛
亓雯雯
李祎
李绍阳
李亚晓
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
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Abstract

An experimental device for simulating spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil relates to the field of ecological research of soda saline-alkali soil, in particular to an experimental device for simulating spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil. The method aims to solve the problem that the existing experimental device cannot embody high heterogeneity of the soda saline-alkali soil under natural conditions. The device comprises a growth box and a soil isolator, wherein the growth box is a cylindrical barrel, the soil isolator is arranged in the growth box, the soil isolator comprises a central pipe and a plurality of partition boards, and the partition boards are uniformly distributed around the central pipe; the soil isolator is movably connected with the growth box, and the central tube of the soil isolator is vertical to the bottom surface of the growth box. The device can truly simulate the spatial heterogeneity of the loose and tender soda salinized grassland, and plant roots can grow in different saline-alkali habitats, so that the influence of the different habitats on the growth of plants on the ground and underground root systems is realized. The utility model is used for simulating the spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil.

Description

Experimental device for simulation soda saline-alkali soil space heterogeneity
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of soda saline-alkali soil ecological research, in particular to an experimental device for simulating spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil.
Background
Northeast soda saline-alkali land is one of the main types of saline-alkali land in China, the total area reaches 500 ten thousand hectares, and the area of the moderate and severe saline-alkali land accounts for 67.4 percent. Soil salinity composition with soda (Na 2 CO 3 ) And baking soda (NaHCO) 3 ) Mainly, the soda salinization process is accompanied by the alkalization process, so soda saline-alkali soil has salinization and alkalization characteristics with different degrees. In the past decades, due to the influence of human activities, the interference intensity to the natural environment is continuously increased, the salinization degree of soil is increasingly increased, and the alkali spot area is rapidly enlarged.
The loose and tender soda saline-alkali soil has the characteristics of high pH value, high alkalization degree, bad physical property, low nutrient availability, obvious saline-alkali space difference and the like, and is commonly called as 'one-step three-change soil'. The soil heterogeneity has important influence on the structure and the function of the ecological system of the tender salinized grassland, vegetation of the tender grassland is changed into plaque-like distribution along with the different degradation degrees of the soil, and the influence of the soil heterogeneity on plants after the grassland habitat is crushed becomes a hot spot problem in academic research.
In recent years, the country is greatly implementing major engineering of ecological protection and restoration, strengthening the grassland maintenance and health care, and promoting continuous restoration of grassland ecology. However, the experimental method for scientifically simulating the influence of the heterogeneity of the soda saline-alkali soil on the growth of the grasslands is provided, so that the system further clarifies the degradation mechanism of the soda grasslands, has important significance for improving the production and ecological functions of the northeast soda saline-alkali grasslands, and is also a foundation for realizing the ecological management and efficient utilization of the soda saline-alkali grasslands.
The prior art mainly comprises the steps of placing soil with salinization degree in the same device, and researching plant growth characteristics under the same saline-alkali habitat; the characteristics of one-step three-change soil and high heterogeneity under natural conditions cannot be reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides an experimental device for simulating the spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil, which aims to solve the problem that the existing experimental device cannot embody the high heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil under natural conditions.
The utility model relates to an experimental device for simulating spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil, which comprises a growth box and a soil isolator, wherein the growth box is a cylindrical barrel, a hole is formed in the bottom of the growth box, the soil isolator is arranged in the growth box, the soil isolator comprises a central pipe and a plurality of clapboards, one side of each clapboard is fixedly connected to the side wall of the central pipe along the axial direction of the central pipe, and the clapboards are uniformly distributed around the central pipe; the soil isolator is movably connected with the growth box, the central tube of the soil isolator is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the growth box, the length of the soil isolator along the diameter direction of the central tube is the same as the inner diameter length of the growth box, the height of the soil isolator is 3-5cm greater than the height of the growth box, and the number of the partition boards is 3 or 6.
Further, the inner diameter of the central tube is 3-5cm, the height is 33-38cm, and the tube wall thickness is 0.3-0.5cm.
Further, the thickness of the partition board is 0.2-0.3cm, and the height of the partition board is 33-38cm.
Further, the inner diameter of the growth box is 30-50cm, and the height of the growth box is 30-33cm.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the experimental device disclosed by the utility model fuses soda saline-alkali soil with different salinization degrees into one growth space, can keep relative independence, and forms a saline-alkali habitat with soil space heterogeneity. The method can truly simulate the spatial heterogeneity of the loose and tender soda salinized grassland, namely the condition of 'one-step three-change soil', and plant roots can grow in different saline-alkali habitats, so that the influence of the different habitats on the growth of plants on the ground and underground roots of the plants is reflected.
The experimental device is used for placing the soil with different salinization degrees into the same growth device, and the soil is mutually independent, and the heterogeneity in space can be finely simulated.
The utility model can accurately simulate the high heterogeneity of the soft soda salinized grassland soil, further clarify the growth condition of plants in saline-alkali lands with different degradation degrees, such as the height of plants on the ground, the growth characteristics of plant roots, plant-soil interaction and the like, so as to clarify the mechanism of the degradation succession of the salinized grassland vegetation. Meanwhile, the method can better provide support for theoretical research and technical development of vegetation restoration, has important significance for improving the production and ecological functions of the northeast soda salinized grassland ecological system, and is also a foundation for realizing ecological management and efficient utilization of the soda salinized grassland.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a soil isolator (6 baffles) of an experimental device for simulating the spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil isolator (3 baffles) of an experimental device for simulating the spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a growth chamber of an experimental device for simulating the spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental set-up simulating the spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil;
FIG. 5 is an experimental set-up for adding soil of varying salinization levels;
FIG. 6 is an experimental setup with the soil isolator removed;
fig. 7 is an experimental set-up after sowing plants.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the experimental device for simulating the spatial heterogeneity of the soda saline-alkali soil comprises a growth box and a soil isolator, wherein the growth box is a cylindrical barrel, a hole is formed in the bottom of the growth box, the soil isolator is arranged in the growth box and comprises a central pipe and a plurality of partition boards, one side of each partition board is fixedly connected to the side wall of the central pipe along the axial direction of the central pipe, and the partition boards are uniformly distributed around the central pipe; the soil isolator is movably connected with the growth box, the central tube of the soil isolator is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the growth box, the length of the soil isolator along the diameter direction of the central tube is the same as the inner diameter length of the growth box, the height of the soil isolator is 3-5cm greater than the height of the growth box, and the number of the partition boards is 3 or 6.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that: the inner diameter of the central tube is 3-5cm, the height is 33-38cm, and the thickness of the tube wall is 0.3-0.5cm. The other is the same as in the first embodiment.
The central tube is a PVC tube or an organic glass tube.
The central tube is selected to have the size, so that the plant can complete germination and seedling growth stages under the non-saline-alkali condition, and the survival of the plant is guaranteed because the seedling growth stage is the weakest stage of plant growth, but the plant cannot always grow under the non-saline-alkali control condition; the growth characteristics and the growth rules of plants in different saline-alkali habitats are mainly studied.
And a third specific embodiment: this embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the thickness of the partition board is 0.2-0.3cm, and the height of the partition board is 33-38cm. The other is the same as the first or second embodiment.
The partition board is a PVC board or an organic glass board.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: this embodiment differs from one of the first to third embodiments in that: the inner diameter of the growth box is 30-50cm, and the height is 30-33cm. The other is the same as in one of the first to third embodiments.
The growth box is made of PVC or ceramic.
The utility model discloses a use method of an experimental device for simulating spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
step one: sampling and pretreatment of soil with different salinization degrees
Sampling heterogeneous soil on soda salinized grasslands, respectively taking non-salinized soil, light salinized soil, moderate salinized soil and heavy salinized soil, selecting 5 samples of each type of soil, wherein the distance between different samples is more than 2km, respectively taking soil samples of 0-10cm, 10-20cm and 20-30cm soil layers of each type of soil, respectively mixing the soil of the same soil layer in the 5 samples of each type of soil, picking out sundries, sieving and airing for later use;
step two: filling the experimental device with a soil sample
Firstly, loading non-salinized soil prepared in the first step into a central tube of an experimental device in a layering manner, placing soil samples with 20-30cm at the bottom end, compacting, then placing soil samples with 10-20cm at the top end, compacting, and placing soil samples with 0-10cm at the top end;
secondly, respectively filling the light salinized soil, the medium salinized soil and the heavy salinized soil into a cavity formed by a soil isolator in an experimental device; placing soil samples with the bottom end of 20-30cm, compacting, then placing soil samples with the bottom end of 10-20cm, compacting, and placing soil samples with the top end of 0-10cm, compacting;
standing for 1-3 days, extracting the soil isolator, keeping the heterogeneous soil in the same growth device, and keeping the independence of the soil property;
step three: plant cultivation
Planting or transplanting target plants in non-salinized soil of a central tube, and selecting planting density according to experimental purposes and growth characteristics of the plants;
step four: after the plant is planted, conventional watering, weeding and fertilizing are carried out, and according to the experimental purposes, the growth condition of the plants at the central tube after the plants are expanded into the surrounding salinized soil with different degrees is observed.
Further, in the first step, the non-salinized soil is a community of overground vegetation taking leymus chinensis as a dominant species, the vegetation coverage reaches more than 70%, the soil pH is below 8.0, and the soil alkalization degree is lower than 10% of the soil in the soil sample.
Further, in the first step, the mild salinized soil is a community mainly comprising leymus chinensis and miscellaneous grasses, the vegetation coverage reaches more than 50%, the pH of the soil is 8.0-8.5, and the soil alkalization degree of the soil is 15% -30% of the soil of the sample land.
Further, the moderate salinized soil in the first step is community of land vegetation taking the tiger grass as dominant species, the vegetation coverage reaches more than 50%, the pH of the soil is 8.5-9.5, and the soil alkalization degree of the soil is 30% -45% of soil of the sample land.
Further, in the first step, the severe salinized soil is soil of a sample plot with the soil alkalization degree of more than 45% and the soil is mainly composed of a vegetation suaeda salsa or saline-alkali facula, the vegetation coverage is less than 50%, the soil pH is more than 9.5. The saline-alkali facula refers to saline-alkali soil with long vegetation.
Further, in the first step, the sundries are gravel, plant roots and the like.
Further, in the first step, the diameter of the sieve holes of the sieve is 2-3mm.
Further, in the third step, the target plant is grass-cultivating, tiger grass, suaeda salsa and the like.
The experimental device disclosed by the utility model fuses soda saline-alkali soil with different salinization degrees into one growth space, can keep relative independence, and forms a saline-alkali habitat with soil space heterogeneity. The method can truly simulate the spatial heterogeneity of the loose and tender soda salinized grassland, namely the condition of 'one-step three-change soil', and plant roots can grow in different saline-alkali habitats, so that the influence of the different habitats on the growth of plants on the ground and underground roots of the plants is reflected.
The experimental device is used for placing the soil with different salinization degrees into the same growth device, and the soil is mutually independent, and the heterogeneity in space can be finely simulated.
The experimental device can accurately simulate the high heterogeneity of the soft soda salinized grassland soil, so as to further clarify the growth condition of plants in saline-alkali lands with different degradation degrees, such as the height of plants on the ground, the growth characteristics of plant roots, plant-soil interaction and the like, thereby clarifying the mechanism of the succession of the degradation of the salinized grassland vegetation. Meanwhile, the method can better provide support for theoretical research and technical development of vegetation restoration, has important significance for improving the production and ecological functions of the northeast soda salinized grassland ecological system, and is also a foundation for realizing ecological management and efficient utilization of the soda salinized grassland.

Claims (4)

1. Experimental device for simulation soda saline-alkali soil space heterogeneity, its characterized in that: the device comprises a growth box and a soil isolator, wherein the growth box is a cylindrical barrel, a hole is formed in the bottom of the growth box, the soil isolator is arranged in the growth box and comprises a central pipe and a plurality of partition boards, one side of each partition board is fixedly connected to the side wall of the central pipe along the axial direction of the central pipe, and the partition boards are uniformly distributed around the central pipe; the soil isolator is movably connected with the growth box, the central tube of the soil isolator is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the growth box, the length of the soil isolator along the diameter direction of the central tube is the same as the inner diameter length of the growth box, the height of the soil isolator is 3-5cm greater than the height of the growth box, and the number of the partition boards is 3 or 6.
2. An experimental device for simulating spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the central tube is 3-5cm, the height is 33-38cm, and the thickness of the tube wall is 0.3-0.5cm.
3. An experimental device for simulating spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the thickness of the partition board is 0.2-0.3cm, and the height of the partition board is 33-38cm.
4. An experimental apparatus for simulating spatial heterogeneity of soda saline-alkali soil according to claim 3, wherein: the inner diameter of the growth box is 30-50cm, and the height is 30-33cm.
CN202320194716.4U 2023-02-13 2023-02-13 Experimental device for simulation soda saline-alkali soil space heterogeneity Active CN219330142U (en)

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CN202320194716.4U CN219330142U (en) 2023-02-13 2023-02-13 Experimental device for simulation soda saline-alkali soil space heterogeneity

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320194716.4U CN219330142U (en) 2023-02-13 2023-02-13 Experimental device for simulation soda saline-alkali soil space heterogeneity

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