CN112189500A - Seedling cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees, and belongs to the field of ornamental crabapple cultivation. A nursery stock cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees comprises the following steps: s1, in the first ten days of 9 months to the middle ten days of 10 months in the first year, budding the cultivated Chinese flowering crabapple variety to obtain a grafted seedling; s2, planting the grafted seedling in the field in the spring of the second year; s3, performing later-stage management after the grafted seedling sprouts; s4, transplanting the grafted seedlings in the third year; s5, drying according to the cultivation target to obtain Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings; s6, watering the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every day in one week, and watering the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every week; s7, performing field management on the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings; s8, in the fourth year, when the ground diameter of the crab apple seedlings reaches 3-4cm, the crab apple seedlings can be outplanted; the invention makes full use of the growth characteristics of trees without increasing the cost, so that the cultivated nursery stocks reach the advantages of straight stem shape, consistent height and plump crown shape, and the quality and the outplanting rate of the nursery stocks are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ornamental crabapple cultivation, in particular to a seedling cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees.
Background
The crabapple is a common name and a common name of a plurality of plants in the apple genus and a plurality of plants in the papaya genus, represents that the crabapple and the papaya are shrubs or small trees in the Rosaceae family, are famous ornamental tree species in China, are cultivated in various places, have pink heavy petals and white heavy petals in gardening varieties, are mostly ornamental flowers and trees for urban greening and beautifying, and many of the crabapple are famous ornamental plants, such as: the malus micromalus, malus halliana, chaenomeles speciosa and chaenomeles speciosa, which are known as 'four-product of malus halliana', are important tropical flowering trees, the main dryness of small seedlings is not strong, but the dry-shaped bending phenomenon often occurs in the process of culturing crabapple seedlings at present, the quality of the seedlings is seriously influenced, the seedlings are righted by adopting a manual auxiliary rod method in the prior art, but the method has higher cost, and the seedling culturing cost is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a seedling cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a nursery stock cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees comprises the following steps:
s1, in the first ten days of 9 months to the middle ten days of 10 months in the first year, budding the cultivated Chinese flowering crabapple variety to obtain a grafted seedling;
s2, planting the grafted seedling in the field in the spring of the second year;
s3, observing grafted seedlings after sprouting, timely picking buds, shearing stocks, and performing later-stage management;
s4, transplanting the grafted seedlings in the third year, determining the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings, and watering and thoroughly wetting in the range of the diameter of the soil ball to facilitate transplanting;
s5, moisturizing the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting and long-distance transportation, calibrating the stems according to the cultivation targets after the grafted seedlings are transported to the designated places, and timely erasing the sprouts on the stems to obtain Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
s6, watering the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every day in one week, and watering the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every week;
s7, performing field management on the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
and S8, in the fourth year, when the ground diameter of the crab apple seedlings reaches 3-4cm, the crab apple seedlings can be outplanted.
Preferably, in step S1, the sprouting is carried out on a seedling of the Malus hupehensis Rehd.
Preferably, in step S2, soil preparation is required before the grafted seedlings are planted in the field, then planting is started, the row spacing of the planted seedlings is 1m × 0.3m, and transplanting is performed in a sunny day or a cloudy day after spring rain.
Preferably, in step S3, when the growth height of the grafted seedling reaches 1.5-2m and the ground diameter reaches 0.8-1cm, bud picking and anvil shearing are performed.
Preferably, in step S3, the post-management is disease and pest control management of the grafted seedling.
Preferably, in step S3, the grafted seedling needs to be trimmed and shaped periodically.
Preferably, the grafted seedlings in the steps S2 and S3 are subjected to normal fertilizer and water management.
Preferably, in step S4, the row spacing of the grafted seedling is 2m × 2m, and the diameter of the soil ball is 15-18 times of the trunk diameter of the seedling.
Preferably, in step S5, the moisturizing treatment is specifically spraying the complex microbial preparation, and each plant is sprayed with 2-10 ml.
Preferably, in step S7, the field management is: draining water in time in plum rain season to drain accumulated water and prevent root rot; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a seedling cultivation method of forestry ornamental trees, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the nursery stock cultivation method of the forestry ornamental trees comprises the steps of firstly, cultivating Chinese flowering crabapple varieties on seedling Chinese flowering quince sweet tea seedlings through bud grafting in the first ten days from 9 months to 10 months, obtaining grafted seedlings, planting the grafted seedlings in a field in the second year, wherein the planting row spacing is 1m multiplied by 0.3m, the grafted seedlings are subjected to normal fertilizer and water management, observing after the buds of the grafted seedlings sprout, timely wiping buds and shearing stocks when the growth height of the grafted seedlings reaches 1.5-2m and the ground diameter reaches 0.8-1cm, then transplanting the grafted seedlings in the third year, wherein the row spacing adopted by transplanting the grafted seedlings is 2m multiplied by 2m, normal fertilizer and water management is adopted before and after grafting, calibrating trunks according to cultivation orders, timely wiping the buds on the trunks to obtain the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings, the grafted seedlings need to be regularly trimmed, and the tree crowns need to be trimmed, and the seedlings in the fourth year, when the ground diameter of the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings reaches 3-4cm, and the seedlings can be outplanted.
2. The seedling cultivation method of the forestry ornamental trees comprises the steps that the row spacing of grafted seedlings planted in a field is 1m multiplied by 0.3m, transplanting is carried out on sunny days or cloudy days after spring rain, meanwhile, later period management is carried out, namely, disease and insect control management is carried out on the grafted seedlings, the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom is determined according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings during grafting, the diameter of the soil ball is 15-18 times of the trunk diameter of the seedlings, watering is carried out in the range of the diameter of the soil ball thoroughly, transplanting is convenient, moisturizing treatment is carried out on the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting long-distance transportation, namely, a compound microbial preparation is sprayed, each plant is sprayed with 2-10ml, the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings are watered every day in one week, watering is carried out once a week after one week, meanwhile, field management is carried out on the Chinese crabapple seedlings, water is drained in the plum rain season, accumulated water is drained, and root rot is; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
The invention fully utilizes the growth characteristics of trees under the condition of not increasing the cost, ensures that the cultivated nursery stocks achieve the purposes of straight stem shape, consistent height and plump crown shape, and greatly improves the quality and the outplanting rate of the nursery stocks.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
a nursery stock cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees comprises the following steps:
s1, in the first 9 th last ten days of the first year, budding the cultivated Chinese flowering crabapple variety to obtain a grafted seedling;
s2, planting the grafted seedling in the field in the spring of the second year;
s3, observing grafted seedlings after sprouting, timely picking buds, shearing stocks, and performing later-stage management;
s4, transplanting the grafted seedlings in the third year, determining the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings, and watering and thoroughly wetting in the range of the diameter of the soil ball to facilitate transplanting;
s5, moisturizing the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting and long-distance transportation, calibrating the stems according to the cultivation targets after the grafted seedlings are transported to the designated places, and timely erasing the sprouts on the stems to obtain Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
s6, watering the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every day in one week, and watering the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every week;
s7, performing field management on the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
and S8, in the fourth year, when the ground diameter of the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings reaches 3cm, the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings can be outplanted.
In step S1, budding is performed on the seedling of cognac sweet tea.
In step S2, soil preparation is needed before the grafted seedlings are planted in the field, then planting is started, the planting row spacing is 1m × 0.3m, and transplanting is performed in a sunny day or a cloudy day after spring rain.
In step S3, when the growth height of the grafted seedling reaches 1.5m and the ground diameter reaches 0.8cm, bud picking and anvil shearing are carried out.
In step S3, the post-management is disease and pest control management of the grafted seedling.
In step S3, the grafted seedling needs to be trimmed and shaped periodically.
And (5) performing normal fertilizer and water management on the grafted seedlings in the steps S2 and S3.
In step S4, the row spacing of the grafted seedling is 2m × 2m, and the diameter of the soil ball is 15 times of the trunk diameter of the seedling.
In step S5, the moisturizing treatment is specifically spraying a compound microbial preparation, and each plant is sprayed with 2 ml.
In step S7, the field management is: draining water in time in plum rain season to drain accumulated water and prevent root rot; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
In the invention, firstly, in the first ten days of 9 months, a crabapple variety is cultivated on a seedling of the Chinese flowering crabapple through bud grafting to obtain a grafted seedling, in the second year, the grafted seedling is fixedly planted in a field, the planting row spacing is 1m multiplied by 0.3m, the grafted seedling is subjected to normal fertilizer and water management, observation is carried out after the grafted seedling buds sprout, when the growth height of the grafted seedling reaches 1.5m and the ground diameter reaches 0.8cm, a bud shearing anvil is timely wiped, then the grafted seedling is transplanted in the third year, the row spacing adopted by transplanting the grafted seedling is 2m multiplied by 2m, normal fertilizer and water management is adopted before and after grafting, the stems are calibrated according to the cultivation purpose, the bud on the trunk is timely erased to obtain the crabapple seedling, the grafted seedling needs to be regularly trimmed and shaped by a tree crown, and the nursery can be produced in the fourth year when the ground diameter of the crabapple seedling reaches 3 cm.
The row spacing of grafted seedlings planted in a field is 1m multiplied by 0.3m, the grafted seedlings are transplanted in a sunny day or a cloudy day after spring rain, meanwhile, later-period management is carried out, namely, disease and pest control management is carried out on the grafted seedlings, the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom is determined according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings during grafting, the diameter of the soil ball is 15 times of the trunk diameter of the seedlings, then watering is carried out in the range of the diameter of the soil ball thoroughly, transplanting is convenient, moisturizing treatment is carried out on the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting long-distance transportation, namely, a compound microbial preparation is sprayed, 2ml of each plant is sprayed, the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings are watered every day in a week, watering is carried out once a week later, meanwhile, field management is carried out on the Chinese crabapple seedlings, water is drained in time in the plum rain season, and root rot is prevented; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
Example 2:
a nursery stock cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees comprises the following steps:
s1, in the middle 10 th month of the first year, budding the cultivated Chinese flowering crabapple variety to obtain a grafted seedling;
s2, planting the grafted seedling in the field in the spring of the second year;
s3, observing grafted seedlings after sprouting, timely picking buds, shearing stocks, and performing later-stage management;
s4, transplanting the grafted seedlings in the third year, determining the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings, and watering and thoroughly wetting in the range of the diameter of the soil ball to facilitate transplanting;
s5, moisturizing the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting and long-distance transportation, calibrating the stems according to the cultivation targets after the grafted seedlings are transported to the designated places, and timely erasing the sprouts on the stems to obtain Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
s6, watering the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every day in one week, and watering the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every week;
s7, performing field management on the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
and S8, in the fourth year, when the ground diameter of the crab apple seedlings reaches 4cm, the crab apple seedlings can be outplanted.
In step S1, budding is performed on the seedling of cognac sweet tea.
In step S2, soil preparation is needed before the grafted seedlings are planted in the field, then planting is started, the planting row spacing is 1m × 0.3m, and transplanting is performed in a sunny day or a cloudy day after spring rain.
In step S3, when the growth height of the grafted seedling reaches 2m and the ground diameter reaches 1cm, bud picking and anvil shearing are carried out.
In step S3, the post-management is disease and pest control management of the grafted seedling.
In step S3, the grafted seedling needs to be trimmed and shaped periodically.
And (5) performing normal fertilizer and water management on the grafted seedlings in the steps S2 and S3.
In step S4, the row spacing of the grafted seedling is 2m × 2m, and the diameter of the soil ball is 18 times of the trunk diameter of the seedling.
In step S5, the moisturizing treatment is specifically spraying a compound microbial preparation, and each plant is sprayed with 10 ml.
In step S7, the field management is: draining water in time in plum rain season to drain accumulated water and prevent root rot; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
In the invention, firstly, in 10 th of the first year, a begonia variety is cultivated on a seedling of the Malus hupehensis by bud grafting to obtain a grafted seedling, in the second year, the grafted seedling is fixedly planted in a field, the planting row spacing is 1m multiplied by 0.3m, the grafted seedling is subjected to normal fertilizer and water management, after the bud of the grafted seedling is germinated, the grafted seedling is observed, when the growth height reaches 2m and the ground diameter reaches 1cm, a bud is timely wiped and a stock is cut, then the grafted seedling is transplanted in the third year, the row spacing adopted by transplanting the grafted seedling is 2m multiplied by 2m, normal fertilizer and water management is adopted before and after grafting, the stem is calibrated according to the cultivation purpose, the bud on the trunk is timely erased to obtain the begonia seedling, the grafted seedling needs to be regularly pruned and shaped, and in the fourth year, when the ground diameter of the begonia seedling reaches 4cm, the nursery can be produced.
The row spacing of grafted seedlings planted in a field is 1m multiplied by 0.3m, the grafted seedlings are transplanted in a sunny day or a cloudy day after spring rain, meanwhile, later-period management is carried out, namely, disease and pest control management is carried out on the grafted seedlings, the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom is determined according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings during grafting, the diameter of the soil ball is 18 times of the trunk diameter of the seedlings, then watering is carried out in the range of the diameter of the soil ball thoroughly, transplanting is convenient, moisturizing treatment is carried out on the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting long-distance transportation, namely, a compound microbial preparation is sprayed, 10ml of each plant is sprayed, the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings are watered every day in a week, watering is carried out once a week later, meanwhile, field management is carried out on the Chinese crabapple seedlings, water is drained in time in the plum rain season, and root rot is prevented; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
Example 3:
a nursery stock cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees comprises the following steps:
s1, in the last 9 th ten days of the first year, budding the cultivated Chinese flowering crabapple variety to obtain a grafted seedling;
s2, planting the grafted seedling in the field in the spring of the second year;
s3, observing grafted seedlings after sprouting, timely picking buds, shearing stocks, and performing later-stage management;
s4, transplanting the grafted seedlings in the third year, determining the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings, and watering and thoroughly wetting in the range of the diameter of the soil ball to facilitate transplanting;
s5, moisturizing the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting and long-distance transportation, calibrating the stems according to the cultivation targets after the grafted seedlings are transported to the designated places, and timely erasing the sprouts on the stems to obtain Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
s6, watering the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every day in one week, and watering the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every week;
s7, performing field management on the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
and S8, in the fourth year, when the ground diameter of the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings reaches 3.5cm, the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings can be outplanted.
In step S1, budding is performed on the seedling of cognac sweet tea.
In step S2, soil preparation is needed before the grafted seedlings are planted in the field, then planting is started, the planting row spacing is 1m × 0.3m, and transplanting is performed in a sunny day or a cloudy day after spring rain.
In step S3, when the growth height of the grafted seedling reaches 1.8m and the ground diameter reaches 0.9cm, bud picking and anvil shearing are carried out.
In step S3, the post-management is disease and pest control management of the grafted seedling.
In step S3, the grafted seedling needs to be trimmed and shaped periodically.
And (5) performing normal fertilizer and water management on the grafted seedlings in the steps S2 and S3.
In step S4, the row spacing of the grafted seedling is 2m × 2m, and the diameter of the soil ball is 16 times of the trunk diameter of the seedling.
In step S5, the moisturizing treatment is specifically spraying the compound microbial preparation, and 6ml of the compound microbial preparation is sprayed on each plant.
In step S7, the field management is: draining water in time in plum rain season to drain accumulated water and prevent root rot; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
In the invention, firstly, in late 9 th month of the first year, a crabapple variety is cultivated on a seedling of the Chinese flowering crabapple through bud grafting to obtain a grafted seedling, in the second year, the grafted seedling is fixedly planted in a field, the planting row spacing is 1m multiplied by 0.3m, the grafted seedling is subjected to normal fertilizer and water management, after the bud of the grafted seedling is germinated, the grafted seedling is observed, when the growth height of the grafted seedling reaches 1.8m and the ground diameter reaches 0.9cm, a bud shearing anvil is timely wiped off, then the grafted seedling is transplanted in the third year, the row spacing adopted by transplanting the grafted seedling is 2m multiplied by 2m, normal fertilizer and water management is adopted before and after grafting, the stem is calibrated according to the cultivation purpose, the bud of the Chinese flowering crabapple on a trunk is timely erased to obtain the crabapple seedling, the grafted seedling needs to be regularly trimmed and shaped by a tree crown, and the nursery can be produced when the ground diameter of the crabapple reaches 3.5cm in the fourth year.
The row spacing of grafted seedlings planted in a field is 1m multiplied by 0.3m, the grafted seedlings are transplanted in a sunny day or a cloudy day after spring rain, meanwhile, later-period management is carried out, namely, disease and pest control management is carried out on the grafted seedlings, the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom is determined according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings during grafting, the diameter of the soil ball is 16 times of the trunk diameter of the seedlings, then watering is carried out in the range of the diameter of the soil ball thoroughly, transplanting is convenient, moisturizing treatment is carried out on the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting long-distance transportation, namely, a compound microbial preparation is sprayed, 6ml of each plant is sprayed, the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings are watered every day in a week, watering is carried out once a week later, meanwhile, field management is carried out on the Chinese crabapple seedlings, water is drained in time in the plum rain season, and root rot is prevented; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
Example 4:
a nursery stock cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees comprises the following steps:
s1, in the last 10 th month of the first year, budding the cultivated Chinese flowering crabapple variety to obtain a grafted seedling;
s2, planting the grafted seedling in the field in the spring of the second year;
s3, observing grafted seedlings after sprouting, timely picking buds, shearing stocks, and performing later-stage management;
s4, transplanting the grafted seedlings in the third year, determining the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings, and watering and thoroughly wetting in the range of the diameter of the soil ball to facilitate transplanting;
s5, moisturizing the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting and long-distance transportation, calibrating the stems according to the cultivation targets after the grafted seedlings are transported to the designated places, and timely erasing the sprouts on the stems to obtain Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
s6, watering the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every day in one week, and watering the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every week;
s7, performing field management on the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
and S8, in the fourth year, when the ground diameter of the crab apple seedlings reaches 4cm, the crab apple seedlings can be outplanted.
In step S1, budding is performed on the seedling of cognac sweet tea.
In step S2, soil preparation is needed before the grafted seedlings are planted in the field, then planting is started, the planting row spacing is 1m × 0.3m, and transplanting is performed in a sunny day or a cloudy day after spring rain.
In step S3, when the growth height of the grafted seedling reaches 2m and the ground diameter reaches 1cm, bud picking and anvil shearing are carried out.
In step S3, the post-management is disease and pest control management of the grafted seedling.
In step S3, the grafted seedling needs to be trimmed and shaped periodically.
And (5) performing normal fertilizer and water management on the grafted seedlings in the steps S2 and S3.
In step S4, the row spacing of the grafted seedling is 2m × 2m, and the diameter of the soil ball is 17 times of the trunk diameter of the seedling.
In step S5, the moisturizing treatment is specifically spraying the compound microbial preparation, and 8ml of the compound microbial preparation is sprayed on each plant.
In step S7, the field management is: draining water in time in plum rain season to drain accumulated water and prevent root rot; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
In the invention, firstly, in ten days of 10 months in the first year, a begonia variety is cultivated on a seedling of the Malus hupehensis by bud grafting to obtain a grafted seedling, in the second year, the grafted seedling is fixedly planted in a field, the planting row spacing is 1m multiplied by 0.3m, the grafted seedling is subjected to normal fertilizer and water management, after the bud of the grafted seedling is germinated, the grafted seedling is observed, when the growth height of the grafted seedling reaches 2m and the ground diameter reaches 1cm, a bud is timely wiped and a stock is cut, then the grafted seedling is transplanted in the third year, the row spacing adopted for transplanting the grafted seedling is 2m multiplied by 2m, normal fertilizer and water management is adopted before and after grafting, the stem is calibrated according to the cultivation purpose, the bud on a trunk is timely erased to obtain the begonia seedling, the grafted seedling needs to be regularly pruned and shaped, and the grafted seedling can be outplanted when the ground diameter of the begonia seedling reaches 4cm in the fourth year.
The method comprises the following steps of planting grafted seedlings in a field, wherein the row spacing of the grafted seedlings is 1m multiplied by 0.3m, transplanting the grafted seedlings in a sunny day or a cloudy day after spring rain, performing later-stage management, namely disease and pest control management on the grafted seedlings, determining the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings during grafting, wherein the diameter of the soil ball is 17 times of the trunk diameter of the seedlings, watering the seedlings thoroughly in the diameter range of the soil ball, facilitating transplanting, moisturizing the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting long-distance transportation, namely spraying a compound microbial preparation, spraying 8ml of the compound microbial preparation on each plant, watering the transplanted seedlings every day in a week, watering the seedlings once a week, performing field management on the seedlings of the Chinese flowering crabapples, and timely draining water in a plum rain season to prevent root rot; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
As can be seen from the above table, when the method of embodiments 1-4 of the present invention is used to cultivate crabapple seedlings, the growth characteristics of trees can be fully utilized without increasing the cost, so that the cultivated seedlings can achieve straight and straight stem shape, consistent height and plump crown shape, and the quality of seedlings and the outplanting rate are greatly improved, wherein the effect is the best when embodiment 4 is used, and the trees grow more vigorously.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A seedling cultivation method for forestry ornamental trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, in the first ten days of 9 months to the middle ten days of 10 months in the first year, budding the cultivated Chinese flowering crabapple variety to obtain a grafted seedling;
s2, planting the grafted seedling in the field in the spring of the second year;
s3, observing grafted seedlings after sprouting, timely picking buds, shearing stocks, and performing later-stage management;
s4, transplanting the grafted seedlings in the third year, determining the diameter of a soil ball at the bottom according to the trunk diameter of the grafted seedlings, and watering and thoroughly wetting in the range of the diameter of the soil ball to facilitate transplanting;
s5, moisturizing the roots of the grafted seedlings during transplanting and long-distance transportation, calibrating the stems according to the cultivation targets after the grafted seedlings are transported to the designated places, and timely erasing the sprouts on the stems to obtain Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
s6, watering the transplanted Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every day in one week, and watering the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings every week;
s7, performing field management on the Chinese flowering crabapple seedlings;
and S8, in the fourth year, when the ground diameter of the crab apple seedlings reaches 3-4cm, the crab apple seedlings can be outplanted.
2. The method for cultivating seedlings of ornamental forestry trees according to claim 1, wherein the sprouting is carried out on a seedling of Malus hupehensis Rehd in step S1.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the grafted seedlings are planted in the field in step S2 after soil preparation, the planting is started, the row spacing of the planted seedlings is 1m × 0.3m, and the grafted seedlings are transplanted in a sunny or cloudy day after spring rain.
4. The seedling cultivation method of an ornamental forestry tree according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, when the grafted seedling grows to a height of 1.5-2m and the ground diameter reaches 0.8-1cm, bud picking and stock shearing are performed.
5. The seedling cultivation method of an ornamental forestry tree according to claim 4, wherein in step S3, the post-management is pest control management of the grafted seedlings.
6. The method for cultivating seedlings of ornamental forestry trees according to claim 5, wherein in step S3, the grafted seedlings are subjected to crown pruning and shaping periodically.
7. The seedling cultivation method of an ornamental forestry tree according to claim 6, wherein the grafted seedlings in steps S2 and S3 are subjected to normal fertilizer and water management.
8. The seedling cultivation method of an ornamental forestry tree according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the row spacing of the grafted seedlings is 2m x 2m, and the diameter of soil balls is 15-18 times of the trunk diameter of the tree seedlings.
9. The nursery stock cultivating method of ornamental forestry trees according to claim 8, wherein in step S5, the moisturizing treatment is specifically spraying a compound microbial preparation, and each tree is sprayed with 2-10 ml.
10. The seedling cultivation method of an ornamental forestry tree according to claim 9, wherein in step S7, the field management comprises: draining water in time in plum rain season to drain accumulated water and prevent root rot; after rust occurs, a special rust medicament is sprayed in time.
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