CN112136733A - Industrialized three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus - Google Patents
Industrialized three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112136733A CN112136733A CN202010823580.XA CN202010823580A CN112136733A CN 112136733 A CN112136733 A CN 112136733A CN 202010823580 A CN202010823580 A CN 202010823580A CN 112136733 A CN112136733 A CN 112136733A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- stichopus japonicus
- urechis unicinctus
- pond
- urechis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241000237921 Urechis unicinctus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001374998 Cystobasidium benthicum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000002023 somite Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000237928 Urechis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940057059 monascus purpureus Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000009108 Chlorella vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007089 Chlorella vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000206751 Chrysophyceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000206747 Cylindrotheca closterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196317 Platymonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276427 Poecilia reticulata Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009344 polyculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036186 satiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019627 satiety Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/40—Culture of aquatic animals of annelids, e.g. lugworms or Eunice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/30—Culture of aquatic animals of sponges, sea urchins or sea cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an industrial three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus, which comprises the following steps: 1. selecting and feeding requirements of specifications of stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus; 2. an industrial three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus. According to the invention, by virtue of different physiological habits of stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus, the stichopus japonicus can eat excrement of the urechis unicinctus, the urechis unicinctus can also eat suspended particles in water, and ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and sulfur in the culture environment are reducedChemical substances and the like, not only controls the physicochemical environment of the culture water, but also improves the utilization rate of bait and ensures that a green method for preventing and treating diseases is achieved. By reasonably controlling the seedling raising and breeding density, the most suitable feeding density, feeding proportion and feeding specification are provided for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus. The growth speed of stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus is increased, the survival rate is increased by 40-60%, the method greatly increases the economic value of industrial culture, and the economic value is 1000m3The economic value of the factory seedling raising room is improved by 50 ten thousand yuan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to an industrial three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus.
Background
Urechis unicinctus, common name: the sea intestine and the sea intestine belong to the division of urechis unicinctus, the class urechis, the order urechis unicinctus, the family urechidaceae and the genus urechis. The benthos is distributed in Russia, Japan, Korea and Bohai gulf of China and the like, and is a common species of benthos in intertidal zone lower zone and subtidal zone shallow water zone along sea mud sand bank in northern China.
The urechis unicinctus is large in size and delicious in meat taste, and body wall muscles are rich in protein and various amino acids necessary for human bodies, so that the urechis unicinctus seafood is used as a precious seafood product and has higher economic value.
However, in recent years, the number of the urechis unicinctus is sharply reduced due to over-fishing and other reasons, and urechis unicinctus cannot be fished in many traditional producing areas. Meanwhile, in recent years, the stichopus japonicus breeding industry is disastrous, more and more farmers abandon the stichopus japonicus breeding, and a large number of factory seedling raising workshops are always in an idle state.
The industrial seedling raising and breeding process of the stichopus japonicus is carried out independently, organic matters in water quality are too high due to fed baits, the pond is required to be changed periodically, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted. The urechis unicinctus survives in the sediment of the sea sand, can change the organic matter composition of the sediment, decomposes sulfides and the like, and plays a role in purifying the environment. Therefore, in order to protect the local unique urechis unicinctus germplasm resources of the Liaoning and simultaneously utilize idle industrial seedling raising workshops, the invention explores and applies the three-dimensional ecological breeding method for industrially mixedly breeding the urechis unicinctus and the stichopus japonicus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention applies a three-dimensional ecological breeding mode for industrially polyculture of urechis unicinctus and stichopus japonicus according to the physiological habits and breeding modes of urechis unicinctus and stichopus japonicus. The method not only can protect local peculiar urechis unicinctus germplasm resources of Liaoning, but also can utilize idle industrial seedling raising workshops, so that farmers can greatly reduce the breeding cost. The breeding mode has wide market demand, wide popularization prospect and great application prospect and market value.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an industrial three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and feeding requirements of specifications of stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus
S11, Stichopus japonicus: selecting a complete body surface with a weight of 50-100 g;
s12, urechis unicinctus: selecting a body surface with integrity and a body weight of 3-7 g;
s13, factory address selection: the environment meets the requirement of GB/T18407.4;
s14, water quality requirement: the quality of the discharged culture water meets the requirement of GB11607, the quality of the culture water meets the regulation of NY5052, the water temperature is 10-22 ℃, the salinity is 25-35, the dissolved oxygen is 5 +/-0.2 mg/L, the pH value is 7.4-8.5, and the ammonia nitrogen is 0-0.6 mg/L;
s15, meeting the requirements of the bottom materials of the seedling raising pond: the bottom layer is made of sea sand of 40 meshes, the thickness is 10-25cm, and the sea sand is disinfected after entering a pool;
s16, according to the urechis unicinctus feeding requirement: the throwing density is 80-150 pieces/m2The water temperature for putting the seedlings is 10-18 ℃, the putting time is 10 month end to 11 month middle ten days, before putting, the urechis unicinctus is required to be stabilized for a certain time under the putting environment to adapt to the environment, and then the urechis unicinctus is put into the seedling raising pool;
the stichopus japonicus feeding requirement is as follows: the throwing density is 15-30 pieces/m2The water temperature for putting the stichopus japonicus is 10-8 ℃, the putting time is 10 month end to 11 month middle ten days, before putting, the stichopus japonicus needs to be stabilized for a certain time under the putting environment to adapt to the environment, and then the stichopus japonicus is put into the seedling raising pool and is put 1-2 days after the urechis unicinctus is put;
s17, the urechis unicinctus transportation method comprises the following steps: soaking young urechis unicinctus boxes with seawater, pouring the young urechis unicinctus into the young urechis unicinctus boxes, placing 10-20kg of young urechis unicinctus in each box, covering the upper surfaces of the young urechis unicinctus boxes with cloth soaked by the seawater, controlling the temperature within 24 hours, and stopping bait casting 12 hours before transportation;
the stichopus japonicus transport method comprises the following steps: draining water of the stichopus japonicus and then boxing the stichopus japonicus, wherein 25-35kg of the stichopus japonicus is put in each box, and the transportation time is within 6 hours;
s18, a stocking method: the stichopus japonicus and the urechis unicinctus fries are splashed into the seedling raising pool with water;
s2 industrialized three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus
S21, the requirements of plant sites, water quality and substrate are respectively in accordance with S13, S14 and S15;
s22, respectively preparing the materials according to the requirements of S11 and S12 for the individual stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus;
s23, putting the stichopus japonicus and the urechis unicinctus into the container according to the specification and the density of S16;
s24, inflation: every 3 to 5m2Suspending a tourmaline 5-10cm above the sand surface;
s25, feeding: feeding granulated feed which accounts for 3 to 5 percent of the weight of the stichopus japonicus in the pond every day afternoon; feeding mixed bait every morning, sieving the feed when the water quality is 2-5ppm, and splashing water into the culture pond;
s26, water changing: changing water for 1 time every 3-4 days, wherein the water changing time is 1/3-1/2, the temperature of inlet water is higher than 15 ℃ and the temperature difference between the inlet water and the water in the culture pond is 0-2 ℃;
s27, pouring the bottom into the pool: after the stichopus japonicus in the culture pond is led into other culture ponds, washing the pond bottom, and flushing redundant residual bait excrement into a water outlet;
s28, harvesting the stichopus japonicus: manually picking up the stichopus japonicus with the weight of 100-;
s29, the method for harvesting urechis unicinctus comprises the following steps: manually picking up urechis unicinctus with the weight of 35-60g and the size of 15-30 pieces/kg by trawl or draining the pool water at midnight.
Preferably, the step S15 includes the steps of adding quicklime for 1 day, soaking in seawater for 3 times, changing water for continuous aeration every 1 day of soaking, and cleaning pathogenic organisms and floating mud in the sea sand.
Preferably, in the step S16, the difference between the salinity of the breeding water of the urechis unicinctus nursery pond and the salinity of the breeding water of the industrial breeding pond is 0-3, the temperature difference is 0-2 ℃, and the sprinkling height is 0-10cm from the water surface of the breeding pond.
Preferably, in the step S16, the difference between the salinity of the culture water in the stichopus japonicus breeding pond and the salinity of the culture water in the industrial breeding pond is 0-3, the temperature difference is 0-2 ℃, and the sprinkling height is 0-10cm away from the water surface of the culture pond.
Preferably, the pellet feed in step S25 comprises leafy vegetables, sea mud, dried rainbow flowers; one or more of rhodotorula benthica, spirulina powder and yeast powder is/are added into the compound feed in 1 percent of the weight of the feed, and the mixture is crushed and then screened by a 300-mesh screen.
According to the invention, industrial cultivation is carried out by a three-dimensional ecological cultivation mode of stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus, the stichopus japonicus and the urechis unicinctus are mixed for cultivation, so that excrement of the stichopus japonicus can be used as bait for the urechis unicinctus for secondary utilization, the urechis unicinctus can purify cultivation water quality and bottom environment, organic matters in the water quality and the bottom can be ingested, the frequency of water change at regular intervals caused by water quality eutrophication due to stichopus japonicus cultivation alone is reduced, and the growth speed of the stichopus japonicus improved by water quality can be obviously improved. The invention utilizes the physiological habits of urechis unicinctus and stichopus japonicus to carry out three-dimensional ecological culture, provides the most suitable growing environment for the urechis unicinctus and the stichopus japonicus through measures such as artificial control of culture water quality environment, feed feeding and the like, reasonably controls the seedling culture and culture density, and accelerates the growing speed of two aquaculture varieties.
The oxygen filling head of the invention adopts a suspension type treatment, thereby avoiding the air head from contacting sea mud or a sand layer, ensuring that fine sand is not filled and optimizing the culture environment. The granulated feed is used as the stichopus japonicus bait, the bait utilization rate is improved, meanwhile, substances such as protein dissolved in water are secondarily utilized by the urechis unicinctus, the grinding material and the sieving silk net are carried out on the compound feed, the urechis unicinctus bait can be supplemented, and the mutual promotion of two breeding varieties is realized. The fish meal can improve the growth speed of urechis unicinctus and stichopus japonicus and improve the feed coefficient. The yeast is helpful for the digestion and absorption of urechis unicinctus and stichopus japonicus on bait, and is helpful for the digestion and the growth promotion of larvae. The spirulina is beneficial to the nutritional requirements of urechis unicinctus and stichopus japonicus, and the quality of urechis unicinctus and stichopus japonicus can be improved by adding the spirulina in a certain proportion.
The invention effectively improves the survival rate of the urechis unicinctus and the stichopus japonicus, the survival rate of the urechis unicinctus is improved from 75 percent in the prior art to more than 90 percent in the prior art, and the survival rate of the stichopus japonicus is improved from 50 percent in the prior art to more than 70 percent in the prior art. Meanwhile, stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus are cultivated in a three-dimensional mode, and the water utilization rate is improved by 100%. Therefore, the industrial three-dimensional ecological breeding method for the urechis unicinctus and the urechis unicinctus not only improves the growth speed, the survival rate and the quality of the urechis unicinctus and the stichopus japonicus, but also improves the utilization rate of water to the maximum extent, greatly improves the economic benefit in the breeding process, realizes the increase of both production and income, and promotes the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry.
Detailed Description
1. Factory address selection: far from industrial areas or ports, there are no pollution sources around the perimeter that pose a threat to the farming environment. The water quality is stable, the water source is sufficient, and no large amount of fresh water flows into the vicinity of the sea area where red tide frequently occurs. Convenient communication, transportation, sufficient electric power, rich seawater or underground seawater resources, stable salinity and fresh water source. The environment meets the requirements of GB/T18407.4.
2. The water quality requirement is as follows: the quality of the breeding seawater meets the requirement of GB11607, and the breeding seawater meets the regulation of NY 5052. The water temperature is 10-22 ℃, the salinity is 25-35, the dissolved oxygen is 5 +/-0.2 mg/L, the pH value is 7.4-8.5, and the ammonia nitrogen is 0-0.6 mg/L.
3. The bottom material requirement of the seedling raising pond is as follows: the bottom layer is sea sand of 40 meshes and has a thickness of 10-25cm, the sea sand is placed in a cement pool, then the sea sand is disinfected by quicklime, the quicklime is added for 1 day, the sea sand is soaked by clean seawater for 3 times, after 1 day of soaking, the water is completely changed, and pathogenic organisms, floating mud and the like in the sea sand are cleaned.
4. A breeding device.
Water inlet and drainage system: the water inlet system comprises a pump room, a sedimentation tank, a sand filter, a water storage tank and a water supply pipeline; the drainage system has trench, waste water treatment pond, be equipped with the water pump in the pump house, the water pump communicates sedimentation tank, sand filtration device, cistern and breed pond in proper order through water supply pipe, the water pump is taken seawater into the sedimentation tank from the pond, and impurity nature subsides back in the seawater gets into sand filter tank filter sand, then gets into the cistern is stored reserve, it is equipped with the drain valve to breed the bottom of the pool portion, the drain valve below is equipped with the trench, trench intercommunication waste water treatment pond.
An inflation system: the device consists of a blower, a gas conveying pipeline, a gas quantity regulating valve, a gas pipe and a gas head; the aeration pump uses pure oxygen or liquid oxygen for aeration.
A heat exchange system: a fresh air and exhaust ventilation device containing a total heat exchange core. The working principle is as follows: when the device is in operation, indoor exhaust air and fresh air respectively flow through the heat exchanger core in a quadrature mode, because the temperature difference and the steam partial pressure difference exist in the air flow at the two sides of the airflow division plate, the heat and mass transfer phenomena are presented when the two air flows pass through the division plate, and the total heat exchange process is caused. When the water temperature is lower in winter, the underground well water can be used for heating cultivation, and the boiler can be used for heating normal cultivation.
The underground well water heat exchange temperature-rising seawater culture mode adopts a heat exchanger, and underground well water is used for maintaining culture water at 12-15 ℃ for normal culture management, and has the advantages of low cost and regional limitation.
In the boiler temperature-rise normal feeding mode, the seawater temperature is controlled to be 14-18 ℃ through boiler coal-burning temperature rise, normal bait feeding and management are carried out, and the boiler temperature-rise normal feeding mode has the advantages of rapid growth and high cost.
Breeding ponds and seedling raising ponds: the method is characterized in that the method is an indoor cement pond, the cultivation area of a single pond is 15-50 square meters, the water depth is 0.8-1.0m, the pond is circular, square or octagonal, fine sand is paved at the bottom of the pond for 10-25cm, and a water drainage hole at the bottom of the pond is inserted into a water permeable PVC pipe with the height of 15-30cm so as to prevent the sand and the urechis unicinctus from being discharged when water is changed.
5. Individual selection and transportation.
And (3) stichopus japonicus: the selected body surface is clean and healthy, and after the body surface is contacted with the body surface, an obvious emergency individual is present, and the weight of the individual is 50-100 g.
The stichopus japonicus transport method comprises the following steps: draining water of Stichopus japonicus, packing into boxes, placing 25-35kg of ice blocks in each box, placing into plastic bags, suspending in air, and placing in a heat insulation box, wherein the transportation time is controlled within 6 hr.
Urechis unicinctus: the selected individuals have clean and healthy body surface and good intestinal tract food intake, and the weight of the individuals is 3-7 g.
The urechis unicinctus transportation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of soaking young urechis unicinctus boxes in seawater, pouring the young urechis unicinctus into the young urechis unicinctus boxes, placing 10-20kg of the young urechis unicinctus in each box, adding ice blocks, controlling the temperature to be 20 +/-2 ℃, covering the upper surfaces of the young urechis unicinctus boxes filled with the urechis unicinctus seedlings with cloth soaked in the seawater, controlling the transportation time to be within 24 hours, and stopping bait casting 12 hours before the transportation.
6. And (5) breeding.
(1) Putting urechis unicinctus.
Stocking time: putting the urechis unicinctus fries cultivated in the current year in the middle ten days from the end of 10 months to 11 months. The water temperature suitable for putting the seedlings is 12-18 ℃.
Stocking specification: according to the culture conditions, the yield requirement and the harvest specification, the seedlings within the range of 150-.
Stocking density: the breeding density of urechis unicinctus fries can be reasonably controlled according to the harvest specification of finished products, and 80-150 urechis unicinctus fries/m2。
The stocking method comprises the following steps: usually, the water-retaining agent is directly and uniformly sprinkled on the attaching base at the bottom of the pond, and the urechis unicinctus fries are uniformly sprinkled into the pond with water at a position 0-10cm away from the water surface, so that the young urechis unicinctus is automatically submerged into the sand layer. The salinity difference of the young urechis unicinctus, namely the salinity difference between the culture water of the seedling factory and the culture water prepared for industrial culture, is not more than 3.
(2) And (5) putting the stichopus japonicus.
Stocking time: stichopus japonicus selenka is put in 10 months to 11 months. The water temperature suitable for putting the seedlings is 12-18 ℃.
Stocking specification: according to the culture conditions, the yield requirement and the harvest specification, the stocking specification can be within the range of 12-18 heads/kg.
Stocking density: the breeding density of urechis unicinctus fries can be reasonably controlled according to the harvest specification of finished products, and 15-30 urechis unicinctus fries/m2。
The stocking method comprises the following steps: usually, the sea cucumber is directly and uniformly spread on the attaching base at the bottom of the pool, and the sea cucumber with water is uniformly sprinkled into the pool at a position 0-10cm away from the water surface, so that the sea cucumber is automatically attached to the surface of the sand layer. The difference between the salinity of the sea cucumber culture pond and the salinity of culture water for industrial culture is not more than 3.
(3) And (5) feeding the feed.
The types of the feed are as follows: 1. the granulated feed is prepared by mixing multiple nutrient substances, including the leafy vegetables, the sea mud, the dried rainbow, and the like. 2. The compound feed is prepared by passing granulated feed through a grinding machine, sieving the granulated feed through a 200-mesh silk screen, and adding one or more of spirulina powder, yeast powder and marine red yeast powder according to the proportion of 1 percent of the weight of the feed.
Feeding amount: 1. the granulated feed is fed according to the weight of the stichopus japonicus storage pool, namely 3-5% of the total weight of the stichopus japonicus in one breeding pool, and is carried out in the afternoon, and no residual bait is observed in the afternoon on the next day. 2. The compound feed is fed according to the weight of the pond quantity of the urechis unicinctus fries, namely 3-5% of the total weight of the fries in one culture pond, and is fed in the morning until the water in the pond is clear 4-6 hours after feeding.
The feeding method comprises the following steps: 1. granular feed is uniformly sprinkled in the whole pool. 2. The compound feed is prepared by sieving the compound feed prepared in advance with a 200-mesh silk screen, adding spirulina powder, yeast powder and rhodotorula benthica according to a certain proportion, adding water uniformly, and sprinkling in the whole pool.
(4) Water quality management
And (3) impurity treatment: timely fishing out sundries in the tank and keeping the water in the tank clean.
Water changing: according to the practical situation, water is changed for 1 time every 3-4 days, and 1/3-1/2 is changed every time, so that the water quality is guaranteed to meet the growth requirement. The temperature of the inlet water is higher than 15 ℃, and the temperature difference between the inlet water and the temperature of the water in the tank is less than 2 ℃.
Controlling residual bait: after the granular materials are fed every afternoon, the bait is fed in a matched mode in the morning on the second day according to the situation of residual bait at the bottom of the pond, and therefore the water quality reduction caused by more residual bait is reduced.
Bottom flushing and pond pouring: the digestion capacity of the residual bait excrement generated by the metabolism of stichopus japonicus by urechis unicinctus is limited, the residual bait excrement is accumulated for a certain time, the bottom of the pond is flushed according to the actual condition, and the overall environment is improved.
7. And (6) harvesting.
(1) Harvesting of Stichopus japonicus
Harvesting specification: the harvest specification is that the weight of the monomer is more than 100g, and the individuals meeting the specification are all counted as the commodity specification.
Harvesting time: and the product can be harvested at any time when the product reaches the specification.
The harvesting method comprises the following steps: the water in the clean pond is manually picked up and harvested.
(2) Harvesting Urechis unicinctus
Harvesting specification: the harvest specification is more than 35g of the weight of a single body, and the commodity specification is defined according to the actual situation.
Harvesting time: harvesting at midnight or harvesting at any time when the specification of the commodity is reached.
The harvesting method comprises the following steps: using the sand discharge habit at 12 ℃ and hauling to harvest at midnight; or manually picking and harvesting by adopting the drained pond water.
Example 1
1. Factory address selection: and selecting an underground well water area for factory building, wherein the environment meets the requirement of GB/T18407.4.
2. The water quality requirement is as follows: the water temperature is 10 ℃, the salinity is 25, the dissolved oxygen is 5.0mg/L, the pH value is 7.4, and the ammonia nitrogen is 0.6 mg/L.
3. A breeding device.
Water inlet and drainage system: the water inlet system is provided with a pump room, a sedimentation tank, a sand filter, a reservoir and a water supply pipeline, the water discharge system is provided with a trench and a wastewater treatment tank, and the water outlet is far away from the water inlet. Be equipped with the water pump in the pump house, the water pump passes through water supply pipe and communicates sedimentation tank, sand filter equipment, cistern and breed the pond in proper order, the water pump is taken seawater into the sedimentation tank from the pond, and impurity nature settlement back in the seawater gets into sand filter tank filter sand, then gets into reserve is stored to the cistern, breeds the bottom of the pool portion and is equipped with the drain valve, the drain valve below is equipped with the trench, trench intercommunication waste water treatment pond.
An inflation system: the aeration pump uses pure oxygen for aeration.
A heat exchange system: in winter, the underground well water heat exchange temperature-rising mariculture mode is adopted when the water temperature is lower, and in summer, the temperature-reducing measure is not adopted.
A seedling raising pond: the method is characterized in that the method is an indoor cement pond, a single pond culture area is 15 square meters, the water depth is 0.8 round pond, fine sand is laid at the bottom of the pond by 10cm, and a water permeable pvc pipe with the height of 30cm is inserted into a water discharge hole at the bottom of the pond to prevent the sand and the urechis unicinctus from being discharged when water is changed.
Supporting facilities: small generator set, water quality and biological detection equipment, communication equipment, basic living facilities and the like. The water quality and biological detection equipment comprises a YSI water quality analyzer, a water quality detection kit, a water quality index device measured by a standard titration analysis method and a pathogen detector.
4. And (5) cultivating seedlings.
(1) Preparing urechis unicinctus: the selected individuals have clean and healthy body surface and good intestinal tract food intake, and the weight of the individuals is 7 g.
Preparing the stichopus japonicus: the selected body surface is clean and healthy, and after the body surface is contacted with the body surface, an obvious emergency individual is present, and the body weight is 100 g.
(2) Transporting urechis unicinctus: the parent transportation method is a dry transportation method, the selected parents are directly put into a foam box during dry transportation, 5kg of the parents are put into each box, ice is added into the box to cool when the temperature exceeds 20 ℃, an automobile is used as a transportation tool, the time is 28 hours, and water is frequently sprayed during transportation.
And (3) stichopus japonicus transportation: and (3) draining water of the stichopus japonicus, then boxing the stichopus japonicus, putting 25kg of ice blocks in each box, putting the ice blocks in a plastic bag, suspending the plastic bag in the air, and placing the plastic bag in a heat preservation box for 6 hours in transportation.
(3) Insemination: adopting an artificial insemination method, dissecting the parent urechis unicinctus longitudinally, taking out the kidney tube, respectively putting the male and female kidney tubes into different containers filled with clean seawater, shearing the kidney tube to enable the sperm and eggs to automatically overflow, uniformly stirring to form sperm and egg solution, arranging 10-15 sperms around each egg, and putting an oxygen head into the bottom of the container to inflate to suspend the eggs. The sperm-egg mixed solution was filtered through a 60-mesh silk net to remove broken renal ducts.
(4) And (6) hatching. Hatching density: and sprinkling the fertilized eggs into a hatching pond for hatching, wherein the hatching density of the fertilized eggs is 15 grains/ml. Hatching conditions: the water temperature is 20 deg.C, salinity is 25, and pH is 5.96. The temperature difference between the seawater for hatching and the seawater for insemination is within 1 ℃. Stirring the pond: in the hatching process, the pond water is stirred by a stirring rake up and down for 1 time every 30min without forming vortexes.
(5) And (5) culturing the planktonic larvae. And (3) larva selection: after the embryos are completely developed to the trochophore, transferring the high-quality larvae which live in floating on the upper layer of the water into a prepared seedling raising pond by adopting a siphon method for cultivation.
The water quality requirement is as follows: the water temperature is 20 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 5.0mg/L, the salinity is 25, and the illumination is 500 Lx. The water quality meets the NY5052 requirement.
Cultivation density: the culture density of the trochophore stage is 2/ml, and the culture density of the somite stage is 1/ml.
Controlling the water quality: the water was changed 1 time a day, 1/2 each time. According to the water quality condition, the water quality is improved by adopting a bottom suction or water filtering basket method. Micro-inflating is adopted, and the air volume is 4m2An air stone.
Feeding baits: the golden algae, Platymonas mellifera, Chlorella vulgaris and Nitzschia closterium are used as baits, the baits are thrown for 1 time every day, the daily bait throwing amount is 1 ten thousand cells/ml in the first 3 days of the trochophore, and the daily bait throwing amount is gradually increased to 5 ten thousand cells/ml according to the stomach satiety degree of the larva later.
(6) And (5) collecting seedlings. And (3) when the larva grows to the later stage of the somite larva to form 10 somites, moving the larva into a young urechis unicinctus seedling raising pond for attachment metamorphosis, namely, the larva enters sea mud and is metamorphosed into worm-shaped larva from the somite larva. Average seedling density of 2/cm2。
Young urechis unicinctus cultivation
The requirements of the young urechis unicinctus seedling raising pond are as follows: spreading sea mud with thickness of 5cm at bottom of the pond as attaching base of young urechis unicinctus, 100ml/m3Formalin disinfection for 30 minutes, and seawater elutriation for 1 hour.
The seedling picking method comprises the following steps: and (4) carrying out dragging separation by using a 300-mesh silk screen or draining and collecting.
Water quality management: changing water for 1 time/d, wherein the water changing amount is 1/2 of the whole water body, and continuously inflating.
Feeding baits: pulverizing Rhodotorula benthica, sieving with 300 mesh sieve, and feeding for 2 times per day with a bait feeding amount of 1ppm, and adjusting properly according to food intake and residual bait amount.
(7) And (6) discharging from the pool. The young urechis unicinctus is cultivated for 30 days, and the average body length reaches 5mm, namely the urechis unicinctus goes out of the pool.
5. Young urechis unicinctus and transportation.
Selecting young urechis unicinctus: the young urechis unicinctus has the advantages of natural body extension, normal and smooth body color, no trauma, regular specification, strong activity and no pathogenic bacteria.
The transportation method comprises the following steps: and (4) soaking the young urechis unicinctus in seawater in a common foam tank, pouring the young urechis unicinctus into the common foam tank, and adding ice blocks to cool. 10kg of young urechis unicinctus is placed in each box. Covering with gauze soaked with seawater, transporting for 24 hr, and stopping feeding 12 hr before transportation.
6. And (5) breeding.
(1) Putting urechis unicinctus.
Stocking time: and putting the urechis unicinctus fries cultivated in the current year at the end of 10 months. The water temperature for placing the seedlings is 12 ℃.
Stocking specification: 150 heads/kg of seedlings.
Stocking density: 80/m2。
The stocking method comprises the following steps: usually, the water is directly and uniformly sprinkled on the attaching base at the bottom of the pond, the water is uniformly sprinkled on the urechis unicinctus fries in the pond at the position 10cm away from the water surface, and the young urechis unicinctus is automatically submerged in the sand layer. The salinity difference of the young urechis unicinctus, namely the salinity difference between the culture water of the seedling factory and the culture water prepared for industrial culture, is 3.
(2) And (5) putting the stichopus japonicus.
Stocking time: and (5) putting the stichopus japonicus selenka at the end of 10 months. The water temperature for placing the seedlings is 12 ℃.
Stocking specification: 12 heads/kg.
Stocking density: 15 pieces/m2。
The stocking method comprises the following steps: directly and uniformly spreading on the attaching base at the bottom of the pool, and uniformly sprinkling the stichopus japonicus with water into the pool at a position 10cm away from the water surface, wherein the stichopus japonicus is automatically attached to the surface of the sand layer. The difference between the salinity of the sea cucumber culturing pond and the salinity of the culturing water for industrial culture is 3.
(3) And (5) feeding the feed.
The types of the feed are as follows: 1. granulated feed including leafy vegetables, sea mud, dried rainbow fish, etc. is used. 2. The compound feed is prepared by passing granulated feed through a grinding machine, sieving the granulated feed through a 200-mesh sieve silk net, and adding spirulina powder, yeast powder and marine red yeast powder according to the proportion of 1 percent of the weight of the feed.
Feeding amount: 1. feeding the stichopus japonicus in a culture pond by using the granulated feed according to 5 percent of the total weight of the stichopus japonicus in the afternoon, and observing the stichopus japonicus in the afternoon next day without residual feed. 2. And (3) feeding the compound feed according to 5% of the total weight of the seedlings in one culture pond, and feeding in the morning until the water in the pond is clear 6 hours after feeding.
The feeding method comprises the following steps: 1. granular feed is uniformly sprinkled in the whole pool. 2. The compound feed is prepared by sieving the compound feed prepared in advance with a 200-mesh silk screen, adding spirulina powder, yeast powder and rhodotorula benthica according to a certain proportion, adding water uniformly, and sprinkling in the whole pool.
(4) Water quality management
And (3) impurity treatment: timely fishing out sundries in the tank and keeping the water in the tank clean.
Water changing: the water is changed for 1 time every 3 days according to the actual situation, and 1/3 is changed every time. The temperature of the inlet water is 15 ℃, and the temperature difference between the inlet water and the temperature of the water in the tank is 2 ℃.
Controlling residual bait: after the granular feed is fed every afternoon, the matched bait feeding is carried out after the residual bait at the bottom of the pond is not available in the afternoon on the next day.
Bottom flushing and pond pouring: the residual bait and excrement produced by the metabolism of the stichopus japonicus by the urechis unicinctus have limited digestion capacity and accumulate for a certain time, and the bottom of the pond is flushed.
7. And (6) harvesting.
(1) Harvesting of Stichopus japonicus
Harvesting specification: the harvest specification is that the weight of the monomer is more than 100g, and the individuals meeting the specification are all counted as the commodity specification.
Harvesting time: and the product can be harvested at any time when the product reaches the specification.
The harvesting method comprises the following steps: the water in the clean pond is manually picked up and harvested.
(2) Harvesting Urechis unicinctus
Harvesting specification: the harvest specification is more than 35g of the weight of a single body, and the commodity specification is defined according to the actual situation.
Harvesting time: harvesting at midnight or harvesting at any time when the specification of the commodity is reached.
The harvesting method comprises the following steps: using the sand discharge habit at 12 ℃ and hauling to harvest at midnight; or manually picking and harvesting by adopting the drained pond water.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An industrial three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting and feeding requirements of specifications of stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus
S11, Stichopus japonicus: selecting a complete body surface with a weight of 50-100 g;
s12, urechis unicinctus: selecting a body surface with integrity and a body weight of 3-7 g;
s13, factory address selection: the environment meets the requirement of GB/T18407.4;
s14, water quality requirement: the quality of the discharged culture water meets the requirement of GB11607, the quality of the culture water meets the regulation of NY5052, the water temperature is 10-22 ℃, the salinity is 25-35, the dissolved oxygen is 5 +/-0.2 mg/L, the pH value is 7.4-8.5, and the ammonia nitrogen is 0-0.6 mg/L;
s15, meeting the requirements of the bottom materials of the seedling raising pond: the bottom layer is made of sea sand of 40 meshes, the thickness is 10-25cm, and the sea sand is disinfected after entering a pool;
s16, according to the urechis unicinctus feeding requirement: the throwing density is 80-150 pieces/m2The water temperature for putting the seedlings is 10-18 ℃, the putting time is 10 month end to 11 month middle ten days, before putting, the urechis unicinctus is required to be stabilized for a certain time under the putting environment to adapt to the environment, and then the urechis unicinctus is put into the seedling raising pool;
the stichopus japonicus feeding requirement is as follows: the throwing density is 15-30 pieces/m2’The water temperature for putting the seedlings is 10-8 ℃, the putting time is 10 month end to 11 month middle ten days, before putting, the stichopus japonicus is required to be stabilized for a certain time under the putting environment to adapt to the environment, and then the stichopus japonicus is put into the seedling raising pool and is put 1-2 days after the urechis unicinctus is put;
s17, the urechis unicinctus transportation method comprises the following steps: soaking young urechis unicinctus boxes with seawater, pouring the young urechis unicinctus into the young urechis unicinctus boxes, placing 10-20kg of young urechis unicinctus in each box, covering the upper surfaces of the young urechis unicinctus boxes with cloth soaked by the seawater, controlling the temperature within 24 hours, and stopping bait casting 12 hours before transportation;
the stichopus japonicus transport method comprises the following steps: draining water of the stichopus japonicus and then boxing the stichopus japonicus, wherein 25-35kg of the stichopus japonicus is put in each box, and the transportation time is within 6 hours;
s18, a stocking method: the stichopus japonicus and the urechis unicinctus fries are splashed into the seedling raising pool with water;
s2 industrialized three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus
S21, the requirements of plant sites, water quality and substrate are respectively in accordance with S13, S14 and S15;
s22, respectively preparing the materials according to the requirements of S11 and S12 for the individual stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus;
s23, putting the stichopus japonicus and the urechis unicinctus into the container according to the specification and the density of S16;
s24, inflation: every 3 to 5m2Suspending a tourmaline 5-10cm above the sand surface;
s25, feeding: feeding granulated feed which accounts for 3 to 5 percent of the weight of the stichopus japonicus in the pond every day afternoon; feeding mixed bait every morning, sieving the feed when the water quality is 2-5ppm, and splashing water into the culture pond;
s26, water changing: changing water for 1 time every 3-4 days, wherein the water changing time is 1/3-1/2, the temperature of inlet water is higher than 15 ℃ and the temperature difference between the inlet water and the water in the culture pond is 0-2 ℃;
s27, pouring the bottom into the pool: after the stichopus japonicus in the culture pond is led into other culture ponds, washing the pond bottom, and flushing redundant residual bait excrement into a water outlet;
s28, harvesting the stichopus japonicus: manually picking up the stichopus japonicus with the weight of 100-;
s29, the method for harvesting urechis unicinctus comprises the following steps: manually picking up urechis unicinctus with the weight of 35-60g and the size of 15-30 pieces/kg by trawl or draining the pool water at midnight.
2. The industrial three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus according to claim 1, wherein the sterilizing method in the step S15 comprises the steps of putting quicklime for 1 day, soaking the raw materials in seawater for 3 times, changing water for continuous inflation every 1 day of soaking, and cleaning pathogenic organisms and floating mud in sea sand.
3. The industrial three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus according to claim 1, wherein in the step S16, the difference between the salinity of the breeding water of the urechis unicinctus nursery pond and the salinity of the breeding water of the industrial breeding pond is 0-3, the difference between the temperatures is 0-2 ℃, and the sprinkling height is 0-10cm from the water surface of the breeding pond.
4. The industrial three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the salinity of the breeding water in the stichopus japonicus nursery pond and the salinity of the breeding water in the industrial nursery pond in step S16 is 0-3, the difference between the temperatures is 0-2 ℃, and the sprinkling height is 0-10cm from the water surface of the breeding pond.
5. The industrial three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus according to claim 1, wherein the granulated feed in the step S25 comprises big leaf vegetables, sea mud, dried rainbow flowers; one or more of rhodotorula benthica, spirulina powder and yeast powder is/are added into the compound feed in 1 percent of the weight of the feed, and the mixture is crushed and then screened by a 300-mesh screen.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010823580.XA CN112136733A (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Industrialized three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010823580.XA CN112136733A (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Industrialized three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112136733A true CN112136733A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
Family
ID=73888757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010823580.XA Pending CN112136733A (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Industrialized three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112136733A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112913724A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-08 | 中国农业大学烟台研究院 | Indoor high-density circulating water overwintering device and method for young urechis unicinctus |
| CN113678766A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-23 | 江苏海洋大学 | Ecological mixed culture method for urechis unicinctus |
| CN114158497A (en) * | 2021-12-04 | 2022-03-11 | 威海市环翠区海洋发展研究中心 | Industrial mixed culture method for all-ecological stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus |
| CN114342845A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-15 | 姬广磊 | Urechis unicinctus hatching method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102100195A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-06-22 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Method for breeding apostichopus japonicus selenka |
| CN103478026A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-01 | 青岛恒生源生态农业有限公司 | Technology for mixed culture of stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus |
| CN110419472A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-08 | 江苏海洋大学 | A kind of Urechis uniconctus stereo ecological cultural method |
| CN111011274A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-04-17 | 大连市现代农业生产发展服务中心(大连市农业科学研究院) | Industrial breeding method of urechis unicinctus |
| WO2020133366A1 (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-02 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Apostichopus japonicus submarine culture method using artificial apostichopus japonicus reefs |
-
2020
- 2020-08-17 CN CN202010823580.XA patent/CN112136733A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102100195A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-06-22 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Method for breeding apostichopus japonicus selenka |
| CN103478026A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-01 | 青岛恒生源生态农业有限公司 | Technology for mixed culture of stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus |
| WO2020133366A1 (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-02 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Apostichopus japonicus submarine culture method using artificial apostichopus japonicus reefs |
| CN110419472A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-08 | 江苏海洋大学 | A kind of Urechis uniconctus stereo ecological cultural method |
| CN111011274A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-04-17 | 大连市现代农业生产发展服务中心(大连市农业科学研究院) | Industrial breeding method of urechis unicinctus |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 姜作真 等: "《刺参育养加工技术与营养文化》", 31 January 2019, 中国海洋大学出版社 * |
| 宋晓阳 等: "单环刺螠与刺参工厂化混养试验", 《科学养鱼》 * |
| 谢忠明: "《海水增养殖技术问答》", 28 February 1995 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112913724A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-08 | 中国农业大学烟台研究院 | Indoor high-density circulating water overwintering device and method for young urechis unicinctus |
| CN113678766A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-23 | 江苏海洋大学 | Ecological mixed culture method for urechis unicinctus |
| CN114158497A (en) * | 2021-12-04 | 2022-03-11 | 威海市环翠区海洋发展研究中心 | Industrial mixed culture method for all-ecological stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus |
| CN114342845A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-15 | 姬广磊 | Urechis unicinctus hatching method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU2020102887A4 (en) | Industrial three-dimensional ecological cultivation method of stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus | |
| CN112136733A (en) | Industrialized three-dimensional ecological breeding method for stichopus japonicus and urechis unicinctus | |
| CN103109763B (en) | Manufacture method of seawater ecological ornamental aquarium and seawater ecological ornamental aquarium | |
| CN108967085B (en) | Rice field-south america white shrimp dystopy ecological breeding system | |
| CN101411311B (en) | Method for producing fingerling of Trachidermus fasciatus | |
| CN104969886A (en) | Fish and vegetable co-existing planting and breeding method | |
| CN105284692B (en) | A kind of extensive seed rearing device of Marsupenaeus japonicus batch production and its breeding method | |
| CN112042570B (en) | Method for efficiently cultivating and domesticating micropterus salmoides water bloom seedlings in pond greenhouse | |
| CN103999813A (en) | Indoor water-circulating three-dimensional multipurpose aquatic product ecological breeding device | |
| CN110771543B (en) | Litopenaeus vannamei high-density culture method based on multistage biological self-regulation system | |
| CN107279005B (en) | Ecological breeding method for river crabs | |
| CN111011274B (en) | Industrial breeding method of urechis unicinctus | |
| CN110235826A (en) | A kind of thick breeding method of red claw crayfish seed brooder mark | |
| CN110558257A (en) | method for carrying out comprehensive culture of channel catfish in pond industrialized system | |
| CN107950444A (en) | One seed shrimp dish fish stereo ecological cultural method | |
| CN112970634B (en) | Clown fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding method | |
| KR101711969B1 (en) | The cultivating cages for marine products | |
| CN1739345A (en) | High pond domestication and culture method | |
| JP3053077B2 (en) | Marine animal cultivation method using circulating seawater and marine animal cultivation aquarium system | |
| CN101341857A (en) | Ecological regulate and control cultivation method for penaeus orientalis in sea water pool | |
| CN112753627A (en) | Urechis unicinctus seedling cultivation method | |
| JP2004135562A (en) | Method for culturing large-sized seaweed of laminariales and device therefor, and method for culturing abalone, sea urchin or turban shell and device therefor | |
| CN210094213U (en) | Rice, fishing and shrimp circulating planting and breeding system | |
| CN107125178A (en) | A kind of ecological cultivation method of freshwater shrimp and Chinese celery | |
| CN111165403A (en) | Pond three-dimensional ecological cultivation method for sipunculus nudus and ostrea rivularis fries |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20201229 |