CN111703307B - High-power energy storage and thermal management system based on EDLC modularized electric vehicle - Google Patents
High-power energy storage and thermal management system based on EDLC modularized electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111703307B CN111703307B CN202010693129.0A CN202010693129A CN111703307B CN 111703307 B CN111703307 B CN 111703307B CN 202010693129 A CN202010693129 A CN 202010693129A CN 111703307 B CN111703307 B CN 111703307B
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
- B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power energy storage and thermal management system of an electric vehicle based on an EDLC (electronic data storage and control) module, which comprises a motor module, an integrated power distribution module, an energy storage and power supply module and an external power supply, wherein the motor module comprises a driving wheel and a motor, and the motor is used for interconverting electric energy and kinetic energy; the integrated power distribution module comprises a first inverter, a power converter and a second inverter and is used for charging power conversion and alternating current-direct current conversion; the energy storage power supply module comprises a super capacitor, a lithium battery, a pump and a radiator, and is used for storing, converting and exchanging electric energy. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the super capacitor is used for replacing a common capacitor, has the advantages of high charge and discharge power and low energy density, can recover more energy when the vehicle is braked, can realize electric energy conversion in a balanced and efficient manner during acceleration, and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage and thermal management of new energy automobiles, in particular to an EDLC-based modularized electric vehicle high-power energy storage and thermal management system.
Background
As a power source of an electric vehicle, the performance of the battery determines the power performance of the vehicle, the life of the battery determines the performance of the battery, and the temperature rise of the battery affects the life of the battery. The battery capacity (the electric quantity which can be released by the battery under certain conditions) is limited, so that the endurance mileage of the pure electric vehicle is limited. Research on energy recovery systems is one of its core technologies. The energy recovery system is used for converting part of kinetic energy into electric energy when the automobile is decelerated or braked, storing the electric energy and then utilizing the electric energy to drive the automobile to run.
At present, the problem of thermal management of a power battery is widely focused by experts and scholars, and solutions are provided for the problem, wherein an air cooling, heat dissipation and ventilation mode is generally adopted, and two modes, namely serial and parallel, are adopted, and an air cooling mode is adopted for a hybrid electric vehicle Prius, RAV-6 of Toyota Japan and an injection battery pack of Honda. The air cooling scheme has the advantages of simple structure, relatively small weight and low cost, and has the defects of low heat exchange coefficient between air and the wall surface of the battery, low cooling speed, poor uniformity of temperature distribution among the battery monomers, and incapability of effectively radiating the heat of the battery in time under extreme working conditions such as high temperature in summer. This is very detrimental to the safe operation of the power cell. Non-contact liquid cooling systems have also been proposed by students to significantly reduce the temperature of the battery pack, but the liquid cooling system consumes the energy of the battery pack during continuous operation, which can result in reduction of the energy storage of the battery pack and shorten the driving range of the electric automobile.
Foreign researches show that the running distance of the electric automobile can be prolonged by 40% -60% by effectively recovering the braking energy under the urban working condition running conditions of more frequent braking and starting. The braking energy is reasonably recovered, and the defect of short endurance mileage of the electric automobile can be relieved to a certain extent. At present, two common braking energy recovery systems exist, one energy recovery system is mainly based on mechanical braking, motor braking is assisted, and when a brake pedal is stepped on, the mechanical braking is immediately effective, so that the braking performance can be effectively ensured; another energy recovery system includes a pure electric vehicle clutch brake mechanism, a whole vehicle controller, a motor, a battery and a brake light. When a driver steps on the clutch pedal and the brake pedal, the sensor converts braking action into electric signals, the electric signals are transmitted to the whole vehicle controller, the whole vehicle controller completes judgment of braking intention and braking strength, a command is sent to the motor to control the rotating speed of the motor and the switch of the brake lamp.
In the two braking energy recovery schemes, the mechanical braking is inevitably accompanied by the conversion of kinetic energy into heat energy to be lost in the effective process of mechanical braking, and the part of energy cannot be recovered into a power battery, so that energy waste is caused; the latter always adopts the whole vehicle controller to calculate the torque command to the motor controller, does not consider the intervention of the braking system, and has lower energy recovery rate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of heat dissipation and braking energy recovery of a power battery of a new energy automobile, the invention provides the EDLC-based modularized electric vehicle high-power energy storage and thermal management system, which not only can save energy and reduce emission, reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emission, but also can reduce system energy loss and greatly improve the endurance mileage of the pure electric vehicle and the safety performance of the vehicle. Has important theoretical guiding significance and practical value for coping with complex urban driving environment and energy conservation and environmental protection.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The high-power energy storage and thermal management system of the electric vehicle based on the EDLC is characterized by comprising a motor module, an integrated power distribution module, an energy storage and power supply module and an external power supply, wherein the motor module comprises a driving wheel and a motor, and the motor is used for interconverting electric energy and kinetic energy; the integrated power distribution module comprises a first inverter, a power converter and a second inverter and is used for charging power conversion and alternating current-direct current conversion; the energy storage power supply module comprises a super capacitor, a lithium battery, a pump and a radiator, and is used for storing, converting and exchanging electric energy.
The high-power energy storage and thermal management system of the modular electric vehicle based on the EDLC is characterized in that the motor transmits electric energy to the first inverter through a circuit when the vehicle brakes, and then transmits the electric energy to the super capacitor through the power converter to store energy.
The EDLC-based modularized electric vehicle high-power energy storage and thermal management system is characterized in that the external power supply is input to a second inverter; the second inverter is connected with the lithium battery and directly stores energy through the lithium battery, and meanwhile, the second inverter is connected with the power converter and stores electric energy in the super capacitor through boosting and reducing of the power converter.
The high-power energy storage and thermal management system of the modular electric vehicle based on the EDLC is characterized in that the lithium battery is fully charged to discharge, a part of discharged electric energy is transmitted to a pump to apply work, nanofluid is transmitted through a pipeline, heat exchange is carried out on two sides of a radiator, and heat is released; the other part is transmitted to the first inverter to be converted into alternating current, and then the motor drives the driving wheel to rotate.
The high-power energy storage and thermal management system of the electric vehicle based on the EDLC is characterized in that the super capacitor, the lithium battery, the pump and the radiator jointly form a nano-fluid efficient heat exchange system, and the nano-fluid efficient heat exchange system absorbs heat energy released in the electric energy conversion process of the super capacitor and the lithium battery.
The high-power energy storage and thermal management system of the electric vehicle based on the EDLC modularization is characterized in that the super capacitor discharges in an acceleration stage, electric energy is transmitted to the power converter to be increased and decreased, the electric energy is transmitted to the first inverter to be converted after the electric energy is increased and decreased, and the motor is driven to rotate after the electric energy is converted, so that the driving wheel is driven to rotate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The high-power energy storage and thermal management system based on the EDLC modularized electric vehicle has the advantages that the super capacitor is used for replacing the common capacitor, so that the energy storage and thermal management system has high charge and discharge power (namely, the charge quantity is lower than that of a battery and higher than that of the common capacitor), the energy density is not low, more energy can be recovered during braking, the electric energy conversion can be uniformly and efficiently realized during acceleration, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved;
2) According to the high-power energy storage and thermal management system of the modular electric vehicle based on the EDLC, the energy storage power supply module combined with the super capacitor (EDLC) is easy to cause temperature rise due to rapid charge and discharge, so that spontaneous combustion risks are caused. The Al 2O3 nano fluid is used as a cooling working medium in the heat exchange tube, so that the heat exchange coefficient is further improved, the rapid cooling can be realized within the same time, the heat loss of the battery energy storage element is reduced, the service life of the energy storage element is prolonged, and the risk caused by temperature rise is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a nanofluid heat exchange system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an energy management system algorithm of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-drive wheel, 2-motor (M), 3-first DC-AC, 4-power converter (DC-DC), 5-second DC-AC, 6-super capacitor (EDLC), 7-lithium battery, 8-pump, 9-radiator.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the EDLC-based modular electric vehicle high-power energy storage and thermal management system comprises a motor module, an integrated power distribution module and an energy storage and power supply module, and comprises a driving wheel 1, a motor 2, a first inverter 3, a power converter 4, a second inverter 5, a super capacitor 6, a lithium battery 7, a pump 8 and a radiator 9.
The motor module comprises a driving wheel 1 and a motor 2, and the motor 2 is in transmission connection with a driving shaft of an automobile.
The integrated power distribution module comprises a first inverter 3, a power converter 4 and a second inverter 5; the first inverter 3 converts the electric energy recovered by the motor 2 from alternating current to direct current, and transmits the direct current to the power converter 4; meanwhile, the direct current generated when the lithium battery 7 discharges can be converted into alternating current to drive the motor 2 to rotate; the power converter 4 is a buck/boost converter as a power conversion device, and can operate in a boost and buck configuration, thereby enabling efficient storage of electrical energy into the energy storage device; meanwhile, the energy released by the super capacitor 6 can be converted into power to drive the motor 2 to rotate; the second inverter 5 converts electric energy input by an external power supply into alternating current and direct current, and sends the direct current to the lithium battery 7 and the power converter 5;
The energy storage and power supply module comprises a super capacitor 6 model Maxwell BMOD0165P048 brand new enhanced 48V direct current power supply module; the model of the lithium battery 7 is 21700 lithium battery, the single specification is 3.7V and 3200mAh, and the energy is 11.84e-3kWh, the pump 8 and the heat exchanger 9; the super capacitor 6 stores the electric energy after the inverter is lifted and pressed during the braking of the automobile; when the automobile accelerates, the super capacitor 6 discharges, and the stored electric energy is transmitted to the power converter 4; the lithium battery 7 obtains electric energy from the second inverter 5, the discharge drives the pump to rotate so as to convey the nano fluid to the radiator 9, and the nano fluid exchanges heat with the super capacitor 6 and the lithium battery 7 at two sides of the pipeline of the radiator 8 to cool;
During the acceleration phase, the motor may drive the vehicle; when the electric automobile brakes, due to the inertia of the automobile body and the load thereof, the driving wheel 1 drives the driving shaft to rotate, the motor 2 is in transmission connection with the automobile driving shaft, the driving shaft transmits torque to the motor 2 and drags the motor to rotate, the motor rotor becomes a rotating magnetic field, the stator coil makes cutting magnetic force line movement, thereby generating induced electromotive force, induced current flows through the first inverter 3, and the inverter converts recovered alternating current into direct current; the electric energy flows through the power converter 4, and the power converter is used as a power conversion device, is a buck/boost converter and can work under the boost and buck configuration to meet the capacitor charging voltage requirement, so that the electric energy is efficiently stored in the super capacitor 6; the motor 2 is used as a generator and is in a power generation state;
When an external power supply is connected, current passes through the second inverter 5, the second inverter 5 converts input alternating current into direct current, part of electric energy passing through the second inverter 5 charges the lithium battery 7, and the other part of current passes through the power converter 4 to be subjected to a step-up and step-down process, and the current is input into the super capacitor 6 of the energy storage device.
When the new energy automobile accelerates, the energy recovered by the super capacitor 6 of the energy storage device discharges, the electric energy is processed in a step-up and step-down process through the power converter 4, and the recovered electric energy is input into the first inverter 3 to be converted into alternating current; the alternating current is transmitted to the motor 2, the direction of forced movement of the energized conductor in the magnetic field is related to the current direction and the magnetic force line (magnetic field direction), and the magnetic field acts on the current to enable the motor to rotate; the motor 2 is in transmission connection with a driving shaft of the automobile to drive the driving shaft to rotate, so that the driving wheel 1 is driven to rotate to drive the automobile to run; at this time, the motor 2 is used as a motor and is in a discharge state;
When the new energy automobile advances, electric energy stored in the lithium battery 7 is discharged, a part of current is transmitted to the pump 8, the electric energy is converted into mechanical energy to drive the pump to rotate so as to transmit nano fluid to the radiator, and heat exchange cooling is carried out on the lithium battery and the super capacitor 6; the direct current in the other part of lithium batteries is transmitted to the first inverter, the inverter converts the provided direct current into alternating current, the converted alternating current is transmitted to the motor 2, the forced movement direction of the electrified lead in a magnetic field is related to the current direction and the magnetic force line (magnetic field direction), the magnetic field acts on the current force to enable the motor to rotate, the motor 2 is in transmission connection with a driving shaft of an automobile to drive the driving shaft to rotate, so that the driving wheel 1 is driven to rotate, and at the moment, the motor 2 is used as a motor and is in a discharging state;
The super capacitor 6, the lithium battery 7, the pump 8 and the radiator 9 form a nano-fluid efficient heat exchange system, and the radiator 9 adopts a tube fin radiator which consists of a water inlet, a water outlet, a main fin and a radiator core. The nano fluid cooling liquid flows in the radiator core, the pump is driven to forcedly circulate the nano fluid at each part, the super capacitor 6 and the lithium battery 7 are distributed at two sides of the radiator pipeline, and the circulating cooling liquid takes away the heat of the super capacitor and the lithium battery.
Further, setting the nano fluid as water-based Al 2O3 fluid with the mass fraction of 5%, the inlet temperature T in = 303.15K, the outlet temperature T out, the external environment temperature T 0 =298.15K, the heat exchange coefficient between the lithium battery pack and the nano fluid as h bn, and the heat exchange coefficient between the super capacitor and the nano fluid as h sn;
The method comprises the steps of designing a Matlab Simulink development environment, designing a power distribution algorithm flow chart, and carrying out numerical optimization on vehicle configuration and control strategies of the pure electric vehicle by utilizing a multi-objective genetic algorithm as shown in fig. 4, so that an optimal solution is obtained for a thermal management scheme of the pure electric vehicle.
In order to evaluate the capacity of the super capacitor and the capacity of the battery, the model selection in an actual system is facilitated, the voltage V SC of the super capacitor is assumed, the electric charge quantity is Q SC, the battery voltage V bat, the electric charge quantity is Q bat, and the effective discharge pressure difference of the super capacitor is V SC-Vbat;
The battery voltage calculation expression is: supercapacitor voltage calculation expression:
battery energy calculation expression:
Supercapacitor energy calculation expression: from the formula energy e=charge quantity q×voltage V, battery charge quantity/> Supercapacitor charge amount/>
Wherein V 0 is no-load voltage, k is polarization voltage constant, Q is battery capacity, a is exponential voltage, B is exponential capacity of the battery, soc represents state of charge of the battery, i.e. ratio of remaining battery power to total battery power, load current value is i, vi is initial voltage value, vf is end voltage value, RC is time constant, and t is charge-discharge process time.
And comparing the calculated electric charge amounts, and reasonably carrying out electric energy configuration and energy recovery to ensure that the energy management scheme of the pure electric vehicle is optimal.
When the amount of stored charge of the battery and the supercapacitor is less than the rated value, the battery can be charged by an external power supply; further, when the vehicle is accelerating to travel with the acceleration a 1, the instantaneous change rate of the battery charge is(Vehicle instantaneous output work), the electric quantity stored by the super capacitor provides the kinetic energy required for acceleration at the moment, and the following conditions are satisfied: /(I)The total energy of circulation dE=dW-dQ bat-dQSC < 0, and the electric energy is required to be supplied continuously; further, when the vehicle is decelerating, there areThe braking energy recovered in the deceleration process can be recovered through the super capacitor, and the total circulating energy dE=dW-dQ bat-dQSC is more than 0;
In practical application, finding the dynamic acceleration change range in the running process of the vehicle is critical to correspondingly give a reasonable electric energy supply scheme; for giving the electric energy supply size required by the acceleration size matching in real time, reasonably carrying out electric energy distribution and energy recovery, and ensuring the optimal scheme of the energy management system of the pure electric vehicle.
Claims (1)
1. The high-power energy storage and thermal management system of the electric vehicle based on the EDLC is characterized by comprising a motor module, an integrated power distribution module, an energy storage and power supply module and an external power supply, wherein the motor module comprises a driving wheel (1) and a motor (2) and is used for interconverting electric energy and kinetic energy; the integrated power distribution module comprises a first inverter (3), a power converter (4) and a second inverter (5) and is used for charging power conversion and alternating current-direct current conversion; the energy storage power supply module comprises a super capacitor (6), a lithium battery (7), a pump (8) and a radiator (9) and is used for storing, converting and exchanging electric energy;
The motor (2) transmits electric energy to the first inverter (3) through a circuit when the vehicle brakes, and then transmits the electric energy to the super capacitor (6) through the power converter (4) to store energy; the external power supply is input to a second inverter (5); the second inverter (5) is connected with the lithium battery (7) and directly stores energy through the lithium battery (7), and meanwhile, the second inverter (5) is connected with the power converter (4) and stores electric energy in the super capacitor (6) through boosting and dropping of the power converter (4); the lithium battery (7) is fully charged for discharging, a part of discharged electric energy is transmitted to the pump (8) for doing work, nano fluid is transmitted through a pipeline, heat exchange is carried out on two sides of the radiator (9), and heat is released; the other part of the power is transmitted to a first inverter (3) to be converted into alternating current, and then the motor (2) drives the driving wheel (1) to rotate; the super capacitor (6), the lithium battery (7), the pump (8) and the radiator (9) together form a nano-fluid efficient heat exchange system, and the nano-fluid efficient heat exchange system absorbs heat energy released in the electric energy conversion process of the super capacitor (6) and the lithium battery (7); the super capacitor (6) discharges in an acceleration stage, electric energy is transmitted to the power converter (4) for boosting and reducing, the electric energy is transmitted to the first inverter (3) for conversion after boosting and reducing, and the motor (2) is driven to rotate after conversion, so that the driving wheel (1) is driven to rotate;
The nano fluid cooling liquid flows in the radiator core, the pump is driven to forcedly circulate the nano fluid at each part, the super capacitor and the lithium battery are distributed at two sides of a radiator pipeline, the nano fluid is water-based Al 2O3 fluid with the mass fraction of 5%, and the inlet temperature is T in = 303.15K;
Wherein, system management satisfies:
When the acceleration a1 is provided for the acceleration running of the vehicle, the instantaneous change rate of the battery power is calculated At this time, the electric quantity stored by the super capacitor provides the kinetic energy required by acceleration, and meets the following conditions: /(I)The total energy dE=dW-dQ bat-dQSC is less than 0, and the electric energy needs to be provided; further, when the vehicle is decelerating, there is/>The braking energy recovered in the deceleration process can be recovered through the super capacitor, and the total circulating energy dE=dW-dQb at-dQSC is more than 0; wherein: For vehicle instantaneous work output, Q bat is battery charge and Q sc is supercapacitor charge.
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| CN107678524A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of chip-cooling system |
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| CN212373168U (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2021-01-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Energy storage and heat management system based on EDLC modularization electric vehicle |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN107678524A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of chip-cooling system |
| WO2019085228A1 (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2019-05-09 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Rail traffic hybrid power circuit, energy storage power pack, and power supply method therefor |
| CN109379019A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-22 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of energy mix acquisition and memory system under high voltage overhead lines |
| CN109659163A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-19 | 清华大学 | Laminated structure supercapacitor and preparation method with resistance to high acceleration shock |
| CN212373168U (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2021-01-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Energy storage and heat management system based on EDLC modularization electric vehicle |
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