CN102411100A - Comprehensive experimental device for regenerative braking and energy system of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Comprehensive experimental device for regenerative braking and energy system of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102411100A CN102411100A CN2011100046779A CN201110004677A CN102411100A CN 102411100 A CN102411100 A CN 102411100A CN 2011100046779 A CN2011100046779 A CN 2011100046779A CN 201110004677 A CN201110004677 A CN 201110004677A CN 102411100 A CN102411100 A CN 102411100A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electric vehicles and particularly relates to a comprehensive experimental device for a regenerative braking and energy system of an electric vehicle. The comprehensive experimental device mainly comprises a motor 1, a rotating speed torque sensor 2, a rotational inertia 3, a magnetic powder brake 4, a battery-super capacitor energy driving system, a direct-current to direct-current (DC/DC) converter 7 and an integrated control system. A storage battery pack 8 and a super capacitor 6 jointly provide energy to the motor and rapidly recover regenerative braking energy. The experimental device can simulate most operating conditions such as starting, accelerating, braking processes and the like of the motor in the electric vehicle, and provides an experimental platform for the energy control of the electric vehicle and the development of a regenerative braking function. By changing the connecting method of the parts of the experimental device, energy driving system experiments, motor performance experiments, regenerative braking experiments, main monitoring system optimization experiments and the like can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electric vehicle field, relate in particular to a kind of electrokinetic cell and super capacitor combination drive and have the experimental provision that braking energy reclaims function.
Background technology
Now, the research and development of electric motor car have become with application and have improved city environmental pollution and one of effective way that reduces energy dependency degree.But traditional accumulator is the electric motor car of power, receives that the accumulator specific power is little, operating temperature range is little, discharges and recharges factors such as the life-span is short and restrict, and is difficult to satisfy the large market needs.Super capacitor is a kind of novel energy-storing element that occurs in recent years, has big, light weight of long-life, specific power, operating temperature range is wide and characteristics such as environmental protection.If can both be combined, performance advantage separately, practical requirement better when electric energy being provided for electric motor car.Ultracapacitor and battery hybrid electric motor car are a kind of technical optimization schemes, are current new-energy automobile important development directions.
Super capacitor have can fast charging and discharging characteristic; When going to the city operating mode; Often run into situation such as red light, traffic congestion, Fraquent start, braking, parking; If super capacitor can be used for automobile start, acceleration to braking, the energy recovery that is consumed of slowing down effectively, can reduce energy dissipation, improve energy use efficiency.To overcome super capacitor in the battery capacitor hybrid drive system and have that specific energy is low, accumulator has shortcomings such as specific power is low; And have relatively high expectations for the design of controller, the parameter matching between each parts of system; Interaction between each critical piece, the subsystem and influence are complicated; How each parts effectively being controlled, is to need to solve with continuous perfect.This experiment is novel to be exactly a kind of new experiment solution to the problems referred to above proposed.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the comprehensive experimental device that provides one to comprise electric vehicle regenerative braking and electrokinetic cell and super capacitor combination drive thus.How this experimental provision can be studied battery and super capacitor hybrid drive system control effectively and reach higher energy utilization rate.Kinetic energy is converted into the electric energy process in the time of also can utilizing this experimental provision analog electrical motor-car retarding braking, studies how maximal efficiency ground reclaims the electric vehicle regenerating braking energy.
In order to realize above purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Electric vehicle regenerative braking and energy resource system comprehensive experimental device is characterized in that comprising: power output part, electric energy drive part, integrated control section; Wherein:
A, power output part: motor 1, torque and speed sensors 2, moment of inertia 3, magnetic powder brake 4 are successively through shaft coupling 5 coaxial mechanical connections;
B, electric energy drive part: include super capacitor group 6, DC/DC converter 7, battery pack (8), electric machine controller 9, it has following type of attachment:
1) battery pack 8 directly is connected in parallel with super capacitor group 6, and the back is connected with electric machine controller 9;
2) super capacitor group 6 is connected in series with DC/DC converter 7, is connected in parallel with battery pack 8 again, and the back is connected with electric machine controller 9;
3) battery pack 8 is connected in series with DC/DC converter 7, is connected in parallel with super capacitor group 6 again, and the back is connected with electric machine controller 9;
4) two DC/DC converters: super capacitor group 6 is connected in series with a DC/DC converter 7 respectively with battery pack 8, and both are connected in parallel the back, are connected with electric machine controller 9 at last;
C, integrated control section: include rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10, tension controller 11, always monitor system 12, controller local area network CAN bus 13; It is following with the annexation of electric energy drive part with power output part: tension controller 11 is connected with magnetic powder brake 4; Torque and speed sensors 2 is connected with rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10; Electric machine controller 9 is connected with motor 1, and last total monitoring system 12 is connected with electric machine controller 9 with tension controller 11, rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10 respectively through after controller local area network CAN bus 13 and 7 parallel connections of DC/DC converter.
In the power output part, coaxial motor 1, torque and speed sensors 2, moment of inertia 3, the magnetic powder brake 4 of connecting successively is according to different requirement of experiment connection or disconnection.
Described total monitoring system 12, tension controller 11, electric machine controller 9, rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10 can adopt single-chip microcomputer, DSP; Described DC/DC converter 7 adopts the buck-boost step-up/step-down circuit.
Described motor 1 has electro-magnetic braking functions, can rotational speed and torque be provided as motor, also can reclaim kinetic energy and carries and to store in the driven by energy part as generator.
During this experiment was novel: the driven by energy part mainly was made up of battery pack 8 and super capacitor group 6, and according to requirement of experiment, through the control of DC/DC converter 7 with total monitoring system 12, battery pack and super capacitor group can provide electric energy for motor 1 separately or jointly.Motor 1 is used for the output power of motor in the simulated experiment electric motor car, after torque and speed sensors 2 is connected, can is measured the rotational speed and torque of motor 1 and is transported to total monitoring system 12 by torque and speed sensors 2 and supply experimental analyses.Moment of inertia 3 is used for the inertia of simulated experiment electric motor car, and the big I of inertia is made amendment through increasing or reducing the simulated inertia corresponding size according to requirement of experiment.Magnetic powder brake 4 is connected with moment of inertia 3, is used for analog electrical motor-car mechanical braking process, and the retarding torque of magnetic powder brake 4 is by tension controller 11 decisions.Total monitoring system 12 connects DC/DC converter 7, torque and speed sensors 2 and tension controller 11 respectively through CAN bus 13 respectively; Control strategy according to the different experiments employing; Send corresponding instruction to DC/DC converter 7, torque and speed sensors 2 and tension controller 11; Each controlling object is monitored and controlled; Can control and optimize under the different connection mode of driven by energy part with different control strategies and the efficient of electric energy is provided, also can test and optimize in the regenerative braking process efficient that kinetic energy under the different control strategies converts electric energy into power output part.
The present invention can obtain following beneficial effect:
(1) have the regenerative braking function, the portion of energy that can be effectively consumes on mechanical system during with braking reclaims, and combines with motor 1, and kinetic energy is converted in the battery pack 8 and super capacitor group 6 of electrical power storage in the driven by energy part.Can test, analyze in braking procedure, the assignment problem of mechanical braking and electromagnetic braking, and the efficiency of driven by energy part power storage.
(2) comprehensive experimental device provides electric energy by battery pack 8 and super capacitor group 6 to motor 1; According to requirement of experiment; Both can be respectively to the detection that makes an experiment of the performance of battery pack 8, super capacitor group 6, also can make an experiment and optimize the various connection modes in battery pack in battery-electric capacity hybrid drive system 8 and the super capacitor group 6 and power division control strategy.
(3) this experimental provision, easy for installation, compact conformation is simple, still has the expansion type on this basis, and the space of enhancement function is provided, and makes experiment ripe more.
Description of drawings
First structural representation of Fig. 1 electric vehicle regenerative braking and energy resource system comprehensive experimental device;
Second structural representation of Fig. 2 electric vehicle regenerative braking and energy resource system comprehensive experimental device;
The 3rd structural representation of Fig. 3 electric vehicle regenerative braking and energy resource system comprehensive experimental device.
The 3rd structural representation of Fig. 4 electric vehicle regenerative braking and energy resource system comprehensive experimental device.
Among the figure: 1-motor, 2-torque and speed sensors, 3-moment of inertia, 4-magnetic powder brake; The 5-shaft coupling, 6-super capacitor group, 7--DC/DC converter; The 8-battery pack, 9-electric machine controller, 10-rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller; 11-tension controller, 12-are always monitored system, the 13-CAN bus.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified:
According to the functional classification of experimental provision, can this experimental provision be decomposed into three parts:
1, power output part: as shown in Figure 1; Motor 1, torque and speed sensors 2, moment of inertia 3, magnetic powder brake 4 are successively through shaft coupling 5 coaxial mechanical connections; Motor 1, torque and speed sensors 2, magnetic powder brake 4 all are fixed on the comprehensive experimental system stand, and moment of inertia 3 two ends are by stent support.
2, the electric energy drive part can have multiple version according to requirement of experiment:
(1) battery pack 8 directly is connected in parallel with super capacitor group 6, and the back is connected with electric machine controller 9, and is as shown in Figure 1;
(2) super capacitor group 6 is connected with DC/DC converter 7 and is connected in series, and is connected in parallel with battery pack 8 again, and the back is connected with electric machine controller 9, and is as shown in Figure 2;
(3) battery pack 8 is connected in series with DC/DC converter 7, is connected in parallel with super capacitor group 6 again, and the back is connected with electric machine controller 9, and is as shown in Figure 3;
(4) two DC/DC converters: super capacitor group 6 is connected in series with a DC/DC converter 7 respectively with battery pack 8, and both are connected in parallel the back, are connected with electric machine controller 9 at last, and are as shown in Figure 4.
3, integrated control section connects and always is connected with the electric energy drive part with power output part: tension controller 11 is connected with magnetic powder brake 4; Torque and speed sensors 2 is connected with rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10; Electric machine controller 9 is connected with motor 1, and last total monitoring system 12 is connected with electric machine controller 9 with tension controller 11, rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10 respectively through the CAN bus.
Concrete principle of work is following:
1, driven by energy system experimentation:
(1) battery pack drive system: break off super capacitor group 6 and be connected, battery pack 8 directly is connected with electric machine controller 9, for motor 1 energy is provided separately with electric machine controller 9.This arrangement can make an experiment to the serviceability of battery pack 8 and analyze through the control and the signals collecting of 12 pairs of electric machine controllers 9 of total monitoring system, rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10, tension controller 11, and Optimal Control Strategy.
(2) super capacitor group drive system: break off battery pack 8 and be connected, super capacitor group 6 directly is connected with electric machine controller 9, for motor 1 energy is provided separately with electric machine controller 9.This arrangement can make an experiment to the serviceability characteristic of super capacitor group 6 and analyze through the control and the signals collecting of 12 pairs of electric machine controllers 9 of total monitoring system, rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10, tension controller 11, and Optimal Control Strategy.
(3) accumulator-super capacitor hybrid drive system: battery pack 1 is connected according to requirement of experiment with electric machine controller 9 with super capacitor group 3 has four kinds of different modes.First kind, battery pack 8 directly is connected in parallel with super capacitor group 6, and the back is connected with electric machine controller 9; Second kind, super capacitor group 6 is connected in series with DC/DC converter 7, is connected in parallel with battery pack 8 again, and the back is connected with electric machine controller 9; The third, battery pack 8 is connected in series with DC/DC converter 7, is connected in parallel with super capacitor group 6 again, and the back is connected with electric machine controller 9; The 4th kind, super capacitor group 6 is connected in series with a DC/DC converter 7 respectively with battery pack 8, and both are connected in parallel the back, are connected with electric machine controller 9 at last.Four kinds of modes all can be motor 1 provides electric energy.This kind arrangement can be according to different requirement of experiment; Control and signals collecting through 12 pairs of electric machine controllers 9 of total monitoring system, rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10, tension controller 11; To four kinds of connection modes make an experiment analysis and Optimal Control Strategy.
2, motor performance experiment:
Being connected between breaking speed torque sensor 2 and the moment of inertia 3, make motor 1 idle running; Or break off being connected between magnetic powder brake 4 and the torque and speed sensors 2, make motor 1 drive moment of inertia 3 rotations.This scheme can test and analyze through the control and the signals collecting of 12 pairs of electric machine controllers 9 of total monitoring system, rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10 performance of motor 1 under the different energy sources drive pattern.
3, regenerative braking experiment:
According to the different tests requirement; Total monitoring system 12 is through control tension controller 11; Tension controller 11 is through changing the mechanical braking effect of magnetic powder brake 4 retarding torque simulated experiment electric motor cars; Total monitoring system 12 makes the duty of motor 1 become the generator state through control electric machine controller 9.Motor 1 can connect with different driven by energy patterns through electric machine controller 9, and the kinetic energy of braking back electric motor car simulated inertia can change into power storage in the driven by energy system.This arrangement can reclaim control strategy experiment Analysis and optimization to different motor, magnetic powder brake, electric energy through the control and the signals collecting of 12 pairs of electric machine controllers 9 of total monitoring system, rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10, tension controller 11.
4, always monitor the system optimization test:
According to different requirement of experiment; Total monitoring system 12 connects electric machine controller 9, rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10, tension controller 11 simulations and controls different experiment situation through CAN bus 13; The control procedure of total monitoring system 12 is experimentized and optimizes, in the hope of reaching higher peak power, energy utilization rate and regenerative braking organic efficiency.
Claims (4)
1. electric vehicle regenerative braking and energy resource system comprehensive experimental device, it is characterized in that: this device comprises: power output part, electric energy drive part, integrated control section; Wherein:
A, power output part: motor (1), torque and speed sensors (2), moment of inertia (3), magnetic powder brake (4) are successively through the coaxial mechanical connection of shaft coupling (5);
B, electric energy drive part: include super capacitor group (6), DC/DC converter (7), battery pack (8), electric machine controller (9), it has following type of attachment:
1) battery pack (8) directly is connected in parallel with super capacitor group (6), and the back is connected with electric machine controller (9);
2) super capacitor group (6) is connected in series with DC/DC converter (7), is connected in parallel with battery pack (8) again, and the back is connected with electric machine controller (9);
3) battery pack (8) is connected in series with DC/DC converter (7), is connected in parallel with super capacitor group (6) again, and the back is connected with electric machine controller (9);
4) two DC/DC converters: super capacitor group (6) and battery pack (8) are connected in series with a DC/DC converter (7) respectively, and both are connected in parallel the back, are connected with electric machine controller (9) at last;
C, integrated control section: include rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller (10), tension controller (11), always monitor system (12), controller local area network CAN bus (13); It is following with the annexation of electric energy drive part with power output part: tension controller (11) is connected with magnetic powder brake (4); Torque and speed sensors (2) is connected with rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller (10); Electric machine controller (9) is connected with motor (1), and last total monitoring system (12) is connected with tension controller (11), rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller (10) and electric machine controller (9) respectively through after controller local area network CAN bus (13) and DC/DC converter (7) parallel connection.
2. electric vehicle regenerative braking as claimed in claim 1 and energy resource system comprehensive experimental device; It is characterized in that; In the power output part, coaxial motor (1), torque and speed sensors (2), moment of inertia (3), the magnetic powder brake (4) of connecting successively is according to different requirement of experiment connection or disconnection.
3. electric vehicle regenerative braking as claimed in claim 1 and energy resource system comprehensive experimental device; It is characterized in that described total monitoring system (12), tension controller (11), electric machine controller (9), rotational speed and torque frequency measurement controller 10 can adopt single-chip microcomputer, DSP; Described DC/DC converter (7) adopts the buck-boost step-up/step-down circuit.
4. electric vehicle regenerative braking as claimed in claim 1 and energy resource system comprehensive experimental device; It is characterized in that; Described motor (1) has electro-magnetic braking functions, can rotational speed and torque be provided as motor, also can reclaim kinetic energy and carries and to store in the driven by energy part as generator.
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| CN2011100046779A CN102411100A (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2011-01-11 | Comprehensive experimental device for regenerative braking and energy system of electric vehicle |
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| CN2011100046779A CN102411100A (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2011-01-11 | Comprehensive experimental device for regenerative braking and energy system of electric vehicle |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103921786A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-16 | 北京工业大学 | Nonlinear model prediction control method of regenerative braking of electric vehicle |
| CN105891631A (en) * | 2016-04-03 | 2016-08-24 | 北京工业大学 | Electric vehicle three-system integrated test platform |
| CN106840704A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of energy recycle device experimental bench |
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| CN202033431U (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2011-11-09 | 北京工业大学 | Electric vehicle regenerative braking and energy system comprehensive experimental apparatus |
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- 2011-01-11 CN CN2011100046779A patent/CN102411100A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101387578A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-03-18 | 北京工业大学 | Brake energy recovery comprehensive test apparatus |
| CN202033431U (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2011-11-09 | 北京工业大学 | Electric vehicle regenerative braking and energy system comprehensive experimental apparatus |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103921786A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-16 | 北京工业大学 | Nonlinear model prediction control method of regenerative braking of electric vehicle |
| CN103921786B (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of nonlinear model predictive control method of electric vehicle process of regenerative braking |
| CN105891631A (en) * | 2016-04-03 | 2016-08-24 | 北京工业大学 | Electric vehicle three-system integrated test platform |
| CN106840704A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of energy recycle device experimental bench |
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Application publication date: 20120411 |