CN109659163A - Laminated structure supercapacitor and preparation method with resistance to high acceleration shock - Google Patents
Laminated structure supercapacitor and preparation method with resistance to high acceleration shock Download PDFInfo
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- CN109659163A CN109659163A CN201811552014.9A CN201811552014A CN109659163A CN 109659163 A CN109659163 A CN 109659163A CN 201811552014 A CN201811552014 A CN 201811552014A CN 109659163 A CN109659163 A CN 109659163A
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- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical group O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
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- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012536 packaging technology Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- BIXNGBXQRRXPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+);trichloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl[Ru](Cl)Cl BIXNGBXQRRXPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
- H01G11/82—Fixing or assembling a capacitive element in a housing, e.g. mounting electrodes, current collectors or terminals in containers or encapsulations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of laminated structure supercapacitors and preparation method with resistance to high acceleration shock for belonging to electrochemical energy storing device field.Collector, electrode film, hot melt adhesive, diaphragm, uv-curable glue, hot melt adhesive, electrode film and collector are successively overlapped to composition supercapacitor monomer layer, multiple supercapacitor monomer layers are assembled into laminated structure supercapacitor from concatenated mode using inside laminated type, and in upper and lower both sides soldering polar ear, it is packed into outer rigid housing, sealant sealing is filled, laminated structure supercapacitor completed device is obtained.The supercapacitor realizes the promotion of compact package and supply voltage, and the device after the completion of encapsulating is not more than 13mm*11mm*5mm, and maximum supply power voltage is up to 20V.The extreme mechanics impact of tolerable up to 100,000 g of device by resin glue encapsulating, the present invention efficiently solve the stable power-supplying problem of high acceleration shock environment, have key effect in application fields such as projectile fuzes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrochemical energy storing device field, in particular to a kind of laminated type knot with resistance to high acceleration shock
Structure supercapacitor and preparation method.
Background technique
Supercapacitor is a kind of widely used energy storage device, has big, low temperature performance well of power density etc. significant special
Point has unique advantage in many application fields.For example, supercapacitor can be used as the core of system in projectile fuze field
Heart power device, high capacity density provide technological approaches for the reduction of fuse volume and the enhancing of function, have pushed fuse
Technology is to intelligent stage development.But projectile fuze is in the operational mode, will meet with the even higher high acceleration of tens of thousands of g
Thump proposes high requirement to the thump stability of its power supply apparatus.Therefore, there is an urgent need to one kind to have Nai Gaojia
The Novel super capacitor of velocity shock characteristic, to meet projectile fuze field to the rigors of power surges reliability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of with the laminated structure supercapacitor of resistance to high acceleration shock and preparation
Method, which is characterized in that the laminated structure supercapacitor is by collector, electrode film, hot melt adhesive, diaphragm, ultraviolet solid
Change glue, hot melt adhesive, electrode film and collector and successively overlap composition supercapacitor monomer layer, then by multiple supercapacitor lists
Body layer is assembled into laminated structure supercapacitor from concatenated mode using inside laminated type, and welds pole on upper and lower both sides
Ear is packed into outer rigid housing, fills sealant sealing, obtains laminated structure supercapacitor completed device.
The electrode film is ruthenium-oxide electrode film, is prepared by sol gel process, that is, selects the metal of height ratio capacity
Ruthenium-oxide is combined with conductive agent acetylene black according to different proportion as electrode material, ruthenium oxide electrode material；To realize storage
The matching of energy density and power density
The collector is to select Titanium, the specific capacity and energy density of device is substantially improved, meet device it is long when
The application demand of power supply.
The diaphragm selects acid resistance TFDG polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) miillpore filter, prevents short-circuit between electrode.
Each supercapacitor monomer layer upper and lower surface is collector, respectively as adjacent supercapacitor monomer
Device positive and negative anodes are formed internal from series connection；Such a configuration obviates the series systems of external cabling, are improving device operating voltages
While, device volume is also reduced, device voltage can determine supercapacitor monomer layer in device according to different requirements,
The number of plies has very strong structure scalability.
A kind of preparation method of the laminated structure supercapacitor with resistance to high acceleration shock, first by collector,
Electrode film, hot melt adhesive, diaphragm, uv-curable glue, hot melt adhesive, electrode film and collector successively overlap composition supercapacitor monomer
Then multiple supercapacitor monomer layers are assembled into the super electricity of laminated structure from concatenated mode using inside laminated type by layer
Container, and in upper and lower both sides soldering polar ear, it is packed into outer rigid housing, sealant sealing is filled, obtains laminated structure supercapacitor
Completed device；It is characterized in that, specific processing technology is as follows:
1) it is, the activity for keeping electrode material, prevents electrolyte from overflowing, before encapsulation, the full-filling ultra-violet curing around diaphragm
Agent after exposure curing, can graphically limit flowing of the electrolyte in diaphragm by diaphragm, prevent the transverse direction of electrolyte
It overflows, meanwhile, the sealing that is heating and curing is carried out using hot melt adhesive between layers, the longitudinally through of electrolyte is prevented and overflows；It is whole
The method that body structure uses resin encapsulating and case package, the leakproofness of further retainer member structure, also as impact moment
Buffer structure, farthest reduce overload and severe influence of the application environment to device performance；
2), using inside laminated type from concatenated structure design, effectively promoted compact ultracapacitor operating voltage with
Reliability, using stacked package, diaphragm is graphical, hot-melting sealed, resin encapsulating packaging technology, built-in redundancy sky is effectively reduced
Between, the leakproofness of device is improved, meanwhile, avoid local stress in impact process excessive caused solder joint failure, structural break
Caused by mechanical failure, and also avoid high impact loads lower outer portion conducting wire and circuit element failure possibility；It is promoted simultaneously
The energy storage density and impact resistance of compact ultracapacitor.
3), the preparation of ruthenium-oxide electrode film prepares ruthenium-oxide electrode film using sol-gel chemistries synthetic method, together
When, to reduce preparation cost, electrode stability is improved, is made by the acetylene black (ACET) of addition high-specific surface area, high conductivity
It is standby at combination electrode film, so as to improve the comprehensive performance of electrode film；Specific experimental method is as follows:
(1) taking 3g chloride hydrate ruthenium powder to be dissolved in 100ml volume ratio is the ethyl alcohol of 1:1, in water mix reagent, is stirred evenly
It is configured to solution；Separately take 4.5g NaHCO3Powder is configured to 100ml aqueous solution, using magnetic stirrer at room temperature to chlorination
Ruthenium solution is sufficiently stirred, while NaHCO is added dropwise using separatory funnel3Aqueous solution and continue stirring make fully reacting,
Resulting dark thick shape product is subjected to decompression suction filtration, and is washed repeatedly using deionized water；
(2) by resulting product in air atmosphere 80 DEG C of heating, drying 12h, by the product after drying in different temperatures
Under the conditions of heat 220 DEG C -500 DEG C, sintering processes obtain ruthenium-oxide particle；
(3) sintered ruthenium-oxide particle is pulverized in the agate mortar, takes a certain amount of ruthenium-oxide prepared
Powder adds the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of mass fraction 5% as adhesive, and suitable alcohols and water is added, adds 1%-20% (volume
Than) acetylene black, be mixed together uniformly with ruthenium-oxide, binder, alcohol, water；
(4) then, which is pressed into film on roll squeezer, plastics thickness control, will be thin at 150 μm
Film is cut into the fritter of 8mm × 8mm square with cut-off knife after 80 DEG C carry out drying 2h by film, or using punch in film
On get diameter be 5mm circular hole.
(5) treatment process of collector, collector selects high mechanical strength, plasticity and ductility is good, acid resistance is strong
Titanium, the main purpose of processing are to remove surface oxide layer, improve conductivity, while increasing surface roughness, improve titanium sheet
With the binding force of film；Simple process is selected, the high oxalic acid etching process of operational safety handles titanium sheet, titanium sheet is passed through
After acetone ultrasound oil removing, the oxalic acid solution that mass fraction is 10% is immersed, 5h is heated in 90-95 DEG C of water bath, is rinsed
It is stand-by in 90 DEG C of drying in oven 12h after clean；By oxalic acid solution corrosion titanium sheet than hcl corrosion surface more overstriking
It is rough, there is equally distributed point, it is easier to enhance the adhesion strength of collector and electrode film；
(6) the uv-exposure patterning process of diaphragm, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) miillpore filter have porosity, electrical insulating property and tool
There is certain mechanical strength；It is good to the wellability of electrolyte, play the role of adsorbing electrolyte, conducting ion；Specifically exist
It is uniformly applied around diaphragm paper after spreading one layer of uv-curable glue, exposed under UV light 100s, ultraviolet glue can be fully cured；By
After patterned curing process, the porous structure of diaphragm surrounding is filled by ultraviolet glue, and electrolyte will only infiltrate in diaphragm center,
It will not overflow laterally；
(7) the lamination tandem process of device, for the comprehensive performance for promoting device, electrode film is covered using hydraulic press is pressed in titanium
On collector, the adhesive strength of electrode film and collector is improved；In cascade process, with the increase of layer number, guaranteeing
Collector, electrode film, hot melt adhesive film, diaphragm center alignment while, it is desirable that keep it is compact-sized, compacting；Before encapsulation,
Using twin rollers, device core is squeezed, redundant space is thoroughly discharged, make full use of material energy storage density, reduces device
Internal resistance, hoisting power density, while the structure of compact can play overload-resistant application demand；Finally, by shell and
Epoxy resin secondary encapsulation further increases the leakproofness and shock resistance of device；It is thick according to core caused by operating voltage
Degree is different, completes to encapsulate using various sizes of shell；Wherein, for common 5V voltage, take 5-6 layers it is ensured that electricity
Pressure demand；For 10V supercapacitor, 10-12 layers of layer number；And for the 18V-20V device of higher voltage,
Then need 20-25 layers；After the completion of collector, electrode film, diaphragm, hot melt adhesive are handled respectively, stacked package, 130 DEG C -150
It is heated at a temperature of DEG C, so that hot melt adhesive bond vitrified, completes device sealing and primary encapsulation, then use case package, pour into
Epoxy resin further realizes secondary seal, while playing shock proof buffer function.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows using laminated type, from concatenated processing technology, the device size after the completion of encapsulating can not
Greater than 13mm*11mm*5mm；Its laminated type encapsulating structure realizes the close contact of internal structure, is not susceptible to short circuit, open circuit
Equal failure phenomenons have excellent anti-high acceleration shock performance, the extreme mechanics impact of tolerable up to 100,000 g of device, device
The output voltage of part is not shaken in high acceleration shock moment stabilization.It can be provided in high acceleration shock moment for workload
Stable power-supplying realizes test verifying of the microminiature supercapacitor in high overload environment, device architecture and its processing technology
In integrated compound energy, supply voltage is from 5V-20V, and energy density is up to 60.3mJ/mm3, instantaneous power density is reachable
44.4mW/mm3；There is certain push away in military civil fields such as personal electric, structuring power supply, industry monitoring, intelligence equipments
Wide prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 stacked capacitor design structure schematic diagram
Fig. 2 device encapsulation structure schematic diagram
Fig. 3 microminiature supercapacitor process route chart
Fig. 4 uses the improvement structure of seal with elastometic washer
Discharge curve comparison under Fig. 5 energy type device difference current conditions
Discharge curve comparison under Fig. 6 power-type device difference current conditions
Fig. 7 power-type device direct current charge-discharge curve
Fig. 8 20V capacitor discharge curve
Fig. 9 supercapacitor overload measurement (100,000g)
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of laminated structure supercapacitor and preparation method with resistance to high acceleration shock, below
It is explained in conjunction with attached drawing.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 show the laminated structure supercapacitor structures schematic diagram with resistance to high acceleration shock.In figure
Shown laminated structure supercapacitor is by collector, electrode film, hot melt adhesive, diaphragm, uv-curable glue, hot melt adhesive, electrode
Film and collector successively overlap composition supercapacitor monomer layer；Then by multiple supercapacitor monomer layers using in laminated type
Portion is assembled into laminated structure supercapacitor from concatenated mode, and in upper and lower both sides soldering polar ear, is packed into outer rigid housing, fills
Sealant sealing, obtains laminated structure supercapacitor completed device.Wherein, electrode film is ruthenium-oxide electrode film, is passed through
Sol gel process preparation, i.e., the metal ruthenium-oxide of selection height ratio capacity is as electrode material, ruthenium oxide electrode material and conduction
Agent acetylene black is combined according to the ratio of different 1%-20% (volume ratio)；To realize of energy storage density and power density
Match.
The present invention devises laminated type microminiature supercapacitor basic structure and encapsulation shown in Fig. 2 as shown in Figure 1
Technique.
1) it selects the metal ruthenium-oxide of height ratio capacity as electrode material on electrode material, the specific volume of device can be substantially improved
Amount and energy density select Titanium as collector, select acid resistance TFDG polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) miillpore filter as diaphragm, prevent
It is only short-circuit between electrode；Meet device it is long when the application demand powered, ruthenium-oxide electrode film prepared by sol gel process,
By the different composite ratio of ruthenium oxide electrode material and conductive agent acetylene black, of energy storage density and power density may be implemented
Match.
2) in structure, using inside laminated type from concatenated design method.Every layer of collector upper and lower surface is covered with electrode
Film is formed internal from series connection respectively as the positive and negative anodes of adjacent devices.Such a configuration obviates the series connection sides of external cabling
Formula also reduces device volume while improving device operating voltages, and device voltage can determiner according to different requirements,
The number of plies of part has very strong structure scalability.Wherein, for common 5V voltage, take 5-6 layers it is ensured that voltage
Demand；For 10V supercapacitor, 10-12 layers of layer number；And for the 18V-20V device of higher voltage, then
Need 20-25 layers；The process flow of device as shown in figure 3, handle completion for collector, electrode film, diaphragm, hot melt adhesive respectively
Afterwards, stacked package heats at a temperature of 130 DEG C -150 DEG C, so that hot melt adhesive bond vitrified, completes device sealing and primary encapsulation,
Then case package is used, epoxy resin is poured into and further realizes secondary seal, meanwhile, this structure farthest reduces
The redundant space of device inside, not extra gap structure avoid the excessive caused solder joint of local stress in impact process
The mechanical failures such as failure, structural break, and also avoid the possibility of high impact loads lower outer portion conducting wire and circuit element failure.
3) it in processing technology, for the activity for keeping electrode material, prevents electrolyte from overflowing, before encapsulation, is filled out around diaphragm
Ultra-violet curing agent is applied, after exposure curing, flowing of the electrolyte in diaphragm can graphically be limited by diaphragm, prevent electricity
The lateral of liquid is solved to overflow, meanwhile, the sealing that is heating and curing is carried out using hot melt adhesive between layers, prevents the longitudinally through of electrolyte
And spilling.The method that overall structure uses resin encapsulating and case package, the leakproofness of further retainer member structure, also conduct
The buffer structure of moment is impacted, the severe influence of the application environment to device performance such as overload is farthest reduced.
Designed using inside laminated type from concatenated structure, can effectively be promoted the operating voltage of compact ultracapacitor with
Reliability, using stacked package, diaphragm is graphical, hot-melting sealed, resin encapsulating packaging technology, can be effectively reduced internal superfluous
Complementary space, improves the leakproofness of device, while promoting the energy storage density and impact resistance of compact ultracapacitor.
The present invention prepares ruthinium oxide material function film using sol-gel chemistries synthetic method.Meanwhile it is thin to reduce electrode
The preparation cost of film improves electrode stability, acetylene black (ACET) material that the present invention passes through the addition high conductivity of high-specific surface area
Material, prepares combination electrode, improves the comprehensive performance of electrode film.Specific experimental method is as follows:
(1) it takes 3g chloride hydrate ruthenium powder to be dissolved in the ethanol/water mix reagent that 100ml volume ratio is 1:1, stirs evenly
It is configured to solution.4.5g NaHCO3 (excessive 20%~30%) powder is separately taken to be configured to 100ml aqueous solution.Use electromagnetic agitation
NaHCO3 aqueous solution is added dropwise using separatory funnel while device at room temperature stirs chlorination ruthenium solution
And continue stirring make fully reacting.Dark thick shape product obtained is subjected to decompression suction filtration and is washed repeatedly using deionized water
It washs.
(2) by resulting material obtained in air atmosphere 80 DEG C of heating, drying 12h, by the product after drying in difference
Heat-agglomerating processing is carried out under the conditions of temperature, temperature range is from 220 DEG C to 500 DEG C.
(3) sintered ruthinium oxide material is pulverized in the agate mortar, takes a certain amount of ruthenium-oxide prepared
Powder adds the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of mass fraction 5% as adhesive, and suitable alcohols and water is added, adds 1%-20% (volume
Than) acetylene black-materials, be mixed together uniformly with ruthenium-oxide, binder, alcohol, water.
(4) then, which is pressed into film on roll squeezer, plastics thickness control at 150 μm or so,
By film after 80 DEG C carry out drying 2h, film is cut into the fritter of 8mm × 8mm square with cut-off knife, or exist using punch
The circular hole that diameter is about 5mm or so is got on film.
Wherein, the selection of key raw material and pre-processing are as shown in table 1.
1 key raw material of table is selected and processing mode
Wherein main critical process:
1, the treatment process of collector
Collector selects high mechanical strength, plasticity and ductility is good, acid resistance is strong titanium, and the main purpose of processing exists
In removal surface oxide layer, conductivity is improved, while increasing surface roughness, improves the binding force of titanium sheet and film.The present invention
Simple process is selected, the high oxalic acid etching process of operational safety handles titanium sheet.The titanium corroded by oxalic acid solution
Piece is more coarse than the surface of hcl corrosion, there is equally distributed point, it is easier to enhance the adherency of collector and electrode film
Power.
Titanium sheet immerses the oxalic acid solution that mass fraction is 10%, in 90-95 DEG C of water bath after acetone ultrasound oil removing
Middle heating 5h, after rinsing well, in 90 DEG C of drying in oven 12h.
2, the uv-exposure patterning process of diaphragm
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) miillpore filter has porosity, electrical insulating property, good to the wellability of electrolyte, while having one
Fixed mechanical strength can play the role of adsorbing electrolyte, conducting ion.Around diaphragm paper uniformly apply spread one layer it is ultraviolet
After solidification glue, exposed under UV light 100s, ultraviolet glue can be fully cured.After patterned curing process, diaphragm surrounding
Porous structure filled by ultraviolet glue, electrolyte will only diaphragm center infiltrate, will not overflow laterally.
3, the lamination tandem process of device
For the comprehensive performance for promoting device, electrode film is covered and is pressed on titanium collector using hydraulic press, improve electrode film with
The adhesive strength of collector.In cascade process, with the increase of layer number, key problem is to guarantee collector, electrode
Film, hot melt adhesive film, diaphragm center alignment while, keep it is compact-sized, compacting, before encapsulation, using twin rollers, to device
Part core is squeezed, and redundant space is thoroughly discharged, and makes full use of material energy storage density, reduces device internal resistance, and hoisting power is close
Degree, while the structure of compact can play overload-resistant application demand.Finally, by shell and the secondary envelope of epoxy resin
Dress, further increases the leakproofness and shock resistance of device.It is different according to core thickness caused by operating voltage, it can be used not
Shell with size completes encapsulation.
Based on probing into for above-mentioned basic technology, in conjunction with the processing technology of existing commercialization supercapacitor, the present invention is to micro-
The processing technology of compact ultracapacitor is improved and has been optimized.
For the encapsulating structure for improving supercapacitor, its leakproofness is improved, is sealed using rubber stopper as shown in Figure 4
Method improves leakproofness, and according to metal shell size, processing rubber plug and casting coping, the aperture at both ends are positive and negative anodes pole needle
Hole, the reserved liquid injection hole in centre.When encapsulation, appropriate electrolyte is injected by liquid injection hole, then with epoxide-resin glue by pole pin hole with
Liquid injection hole encapsulating.This structure can reduce the gap between polar stack, the densification more compact of device overall structure, meanwhile,
The injection of electrolyte is more convenient, and the leakproofness and structural strength of device are stronger.
Based on processing packaging technology proposed by the invention, two kinds of 5V miniature ultracapacitors with different advantages are had developed
Device device, respectively energy type device and power-type device.Table 2 illustrates energy type and power-type microdevice core in 20mA
Basic parameter comparison under electric current:
The different model machine capacitor parameters of table 2
The curve comparison that discharges under Fig. 5 energy type device difference current conditions encapsulates sample for energy type micro super capacitor
Machine, its charging and discharging curve is as shown in Figure 5 under different charging and discharging currents.In the discharge current of 20mA, capacitance reaches
741mF still keeps the vast capacity of 525mF in 80mA.Since in the electrode material of energy type device, conductive agent is added
Ratio is less, causes device internal resistance bigger than normal, and power density is not high, while with the increase of discharge power, the range of decrease under energy density
It spends larger.Therefore, under conditions of of less demanding to energy density, power-type device can be often selected, it is certain reaching
Under the premise of energy density, improve the power characteristic and heavy-current discharge characteristic of device.
Curve comparison is discharged under Fig. 6 power-type device difference current conditions for power-type device, different discharge current items
Under part, the discharge curve comparison of device is as shown in Figure 6.When the discharge current of 20mA, capacitance 304mF, in 100mA,
The capacity of 240mF is still kept, due to the improvement result of conductive agent, peak power density can achieve 44.4mW/mm3.Together
When, it can be calculated by the charging and discharging curve (Fig. 7) of different electric currents, device has high efficiency for charge-discharge, can achieve
97.2%.
The lamination processing technology of compact ultracapacitor have very strong scalability, by further improve with it is complete
It is kind, rationally increase layer number, can develop has more high working voltage, and the microminiature for meeting broader applications demand is super
Capacitor model machine.Below by taking operating voltage is the model machine model of 20V as an example, charge-discharge test is carried out to the energy storage characteristic of model machine.
As shown in figure 8,20V ultracapacitor device its capacitance developed reaches 110mF by test,
In the case of the heavy-current discharge of 100mA-200mA, very good charge-discharge characteristic also still remain.
As shown in figure 9, for the laminated structure supercapacitor developed of the present invention, in such a way that live shell is bombarded into
High acceleration thump of having gone test.100,000g high acceleration shock test curve is as shown in figure 9, wherein overloading acceleration
Signal curve can be seen that the peak overload of test has been more than 100,000g, and overload duration pulse width is about 2.5ms, high overload area
Between accounting it is also larger.Shown in the loaded work piece voltage signal curve driven such as the horizontal line at middle part by supercapacitor, whole
During a, there is not shake and power down phenomenon in loaded work piece voltage kept stable.Supercapacitor is in overload moment
Discharge condition whether working properly can be reflected from load.
Using laminated type from concatenated processing technology it can be seen from test result, the super electricity of the microminiature developed
Container have excellent anti-high acceleration shock performance, can the resistance to high acceleration shock more than 100,000g, can height plus
Velocity shock moment provides stable power-supplying for workload, realizes test of the microminiature supercapacitor in high overload environment
Verifying, device architecture and its processing technology are in integrated compound energy, personal electric, structuring power supply, industry monitoring, intelligence dress
The military civil field such as standby has certain promotion prospect.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of laminated structure supercapacitor with resistance to high acceleration shock, which is characterized in that the laminated structure
Supercapacitor be by collector, electrode film, hot melt adhesive, diaphragm, uv-curable glue, hot melt adhesive, electrode film and collector successively
Overlapping composition supercapacitor monomer layer, then uses multiple supercapacitor monomer layers inside laminated type from concatenated mode
It is assembled into laminated structure supercapacitor, and in upper and lower both sides soldering polar ear, is packed into outer rigid housing, sealant sealing is filled, obtains
To laminated structure supercapacitor completed device.
2. according to claim 1 with the laminated structure supercapacitor of resistance to high acceleration shock, which is characterized in that institute
Stating electrode film is ruthenium-oxide electrode film, is prepared by sol gel process, that is, selects the metal ruthenium-oxide conduct of height ratio capacity
Electrode material, ruthenium oxide electrode material are combined with conductive agent acetylene black according to different proportion；To realize energy storage density and function
The matching of rate density.
3. according to claim 1 with the laminated structure supercapacitor of resistance to high acceleration shock, which is characterized in that institute
Collector is stated to select Titanium, the specific capacity and energy density of device is substantially improved, meet device it is long when the application powered
Demand.
4. according to claim 1 with the laminated structure supercapacitor of resistance to high acceleration shock, which is characterized in that institute
It states diaphragm and selects acid resistance TFDG polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) miillpore filter, prevent short-circuit between electrode.
5. according to claim 1 with the laminated structure supercapacitor of resistance to high acceleration shock, which is characterized in that institute
Stating each supercapacitor monomer layer upper and lower surface is collector, positive and negative respectively as adjacent supercapacitor monolithic device
Pole is formed internal from series connection；Such a configuration obviates the series systems of external cabling, while improving device operating voltages,
Device volume is also reduced, device voltage can determine the number of plies of supercapacitor monomer layer in device according to different requirements, tool
There is very strong structure scalability.
6. a kind of preparation method of the laminated structure supercapacitor with resistance to high acceleration shock, first by collector, electricity
Pole film, hot melt adhesive, diaphragm, uv-curable glue, hot melt adhesive, electrode film and collector successively overlap composition supercapacitor monomer
Then multiple supercapacitor monomer layers are assembled into the super electricity of laminated structure from concatenated mode using inside laminated type by layer
Container, and in upper and lower both sides soldering polar ear, it is packed into outer rigid housing, sealant sealing is filled, obtains laminated structure supercapacitor
Completed device；It is characterized in that, specific processing technology is as follows:
1) it is, the activity for keeping electrode material, prevents electrolyte from overflowing, before encapsulation, the full-filling ultra-violet curing agent around diaphragm exposes
After photocuring, flowing of the electrolyte in diaphragm can graphically be limited by diaphragm, prevent the lateral of electrolyte from overflowing,
Meanwhile the sealing that is heating and curing is carried out using hot melt adhesive between layers, prevent the longitudinally through of electrolyte and is overflowed；Overall structure
Using the method for resin encapsulating and case package, the leakproofness of further retainer member structure, also as the buffering for impacting moment
Structure farthest reduces overload and severe influence of the application environment to device performance；
2) it, is designed using inside laminated type from concatenated structure, effectively promotes the operating voltage of compact ultracapacitor and reliable
Property, using stacked package, diaphragm is graphical, hot-melting sealed, resin encapsulating packaging technology, built-in redundancy space is effectively reduced,
The leakproofness of device is improved, meanwhile, avoid the excessive caused solder joint failure of local stress in impact process, structural break causes
Mechanical failure, and also avoid high impact loads lower outer portion conducting wire and circuit element failure possibility；It is promoted simultaneously small-sized
The energy storage density and impact resistance of supercapacitor；
3), the preparation of ruthenium-oxide electrode film prepares ruthenium-oxide electrode film using sol-gel chemistries synthetic method, meanwhile, it is
Preparation cost is reduced, electrode stability is improved, is prepared by the acetylene black (ACET) of addition high-specific surface area, high conductivity multiple
Composite electrode film, so as to improve the comprehensive performance of electrode film；Specific experimental method is as follows:
(1) taking 3 g chloride hydrate ruthenium powders to be dissolved in 100 ml volume ratios is the ethyl alcohol of 1:1, in water mix reagent, stirs evenly and matches
Solution is made；Separately take 4.5 g NaHCO3Powder is configured to 100 ml aqueous solutions, using magnetic stirrer at room temperature to chlorination
Ruthenium solution is sufficiently stirred, while NaHCO is added dropwise using separatory funnel3Aqueous solution and continue stirring make fully reacting,
Resulting dark thick shape product is subjected to decompression suction filtration, and is washed repeatedly using deionized water；
(2) by resulting product in air atmosphere 80 DEG C of 12 h of heating, drying, by the product after drying in condition of different temperatures
Lower 220 DEG C -500 DEG C of heating, sintering processes obtain ruthenium-oxide particle；
(3) sintered ruthenium-oxide particle is pulverized in the agate mortar, takes a certain amount of oxidation ruthenium powder prepared
The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) for adding mass fraction 5% is used as adhesive, and suitable alcohols and water, addition 1%-20%(volume ratio is added) second
Acetylene black is mixed together uniformly with ruthenium-oxide, binder, alcohol, water；
(4) then, which is pressed into film on roll squeezer, plastics thickness control is at 150 μm, by film
After 80 DEG C carry out 2 h of drying, film is cut into the fritter of the mm square of 8 mm × 8 with cut-off knife, or using punch in film
On get diameter be 5 mm circular hole；
(5) treatment process of collector, collector select high mechanical strength, plasticity and ductility is good, acid resistance is strong titanium,
The main purpose of processing is to remove surface oxide layer, improves conductivity, while increasing surface roughness, improve titanium sheet and film
Binding force；Simple process is selected, the high oxalic acid etching process of operational safety handles titanium sheet, titanium sheet is surpassed through acetone
After sound oil removing, the oxalic acid solution that mass fraction is 10% is immersed, heats 5h in 90-95 DEG C of water bath, after rinsing well,
It is stand-by in 90 DEG C of drying in oven 12h；The titanium sheet corroded by oxalic acid solution is more coarse than the surface of hcl corrosion, has
The point of even distribution, it is easier to enhance the adhesion strength of collector and electrode film；
(6) the uv-exposure patterning process of diaphragm, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) miillpore filter is with porosity, electrical insulating property and with one
Fixed mechanical strength；It is good to the wellability of electrolyte, play the role of adsorbing electrolyte, conducting ion；Specifically in diaphragm
It is uniformly applied around paper after spreading one layer of uv-curable glue, 100 s of exposed under UV light, ultraviolet glue can be fully cured；By figure
After the curing process of shape, the porous structure of diaphragm surrounding is filled by ultraviolet glue, and electrolyte will only infiltrate in diaphragm center, no
It can laterally overflow；
(7) the lamination tandem process of device, for the comprehensive performance for promoting device, electrode film is covered using hydraulic press is pressed in titanium afflux
On body, the adhesive strength of electrode film and collector is improved；In cascade process, with the increase of layer number, guaranteeing afflux
Body, electrode film, hot melt adhesive film, diaphragm center alignment while, it is desirable that keep it is compact-sized, compacting；Before encapsulation, it utilizes
Twin rollers squeeze device core, thoroughly discharge redundant space, make full use of material energy storage density, reduce device internal resistance,
Hoisting power density, while the structure of compact can play overload-resistant application demand；Finally, by shell and asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin
Rouge secondary encapsulation further increases the leakproofness and shock resistance of device；It is different according to core thickness caused by operating voltage,
It completes to encapsulate using various sizes of shell；Wherein, for common 5V voltage, take 5-6 layers it is ensured that voltage requirements；
For 10 V supercapacitors, 10-12 layers of layer number；And for 18 V-20 V devices of higher voltage, then it needs
Want 20-25 layers；After the completion of collector, electrode film, diaphragm, hot melt adhesive are handled respectively, stacked package, 130 DEG C of -150 DEG C of temperature
The lower heating of degree, so that hot melt adhesive bond vitrified, completes device sealing and primary encapsulation, then use case package, pour into epoxy
Resin further realizes secondary seal, while playing shock proof buffer function.
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