CN217099671U - Vehicle four-wheel drive system with efficient kinetic energy recovery function - Google Patents
Vehicle four-wheel drive system with efficient kinetic energy recovery function Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle four-wheel drive systems, in particular to a vehicle four-wheel drive system with high-efficiency kinetic energy recovery, which comprises a main drive unit and a flywheel power system; the flywheel power system comprises a flywheel power assembly, a flywheel system controller and a flywheel motor inverter; the utility model discloses on the basis that first axletree adopted the main drive unit, second axletree configuration flywheel driving system, constitute four-wheel drive with this, be convenient for arrange, retrieve braking energy with the high efficiency of the form of mechanical energy by flywheel driving system when the vehicle slows down the braking, release kinetic energy when the starting accelerates, thereby provide auxiliary power for the main drive unit, reduce the output and the energy consumption of main drive unit power, make whole car obtain better dynamic property and efficiency, reduce power battery system power demand, reduce battery high multiplying power charge-discharge number of times and environment, the life-span and the efficiency of power battery system have been improved greatly.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicle four-wheel drive system technique and specifically relates to a vehicle four-wheel drive system of high-efficient kinetic energy recovery.
Background
With the vigorous development of the dual-carbon policy and new energy automobiles, energy conservation and environmental protection have become the subjects of modern automobile development. Although the traditional four-wheel drive automobile has better dynamic property and off-road performance than the conventional two-wheel drive automobile, the oil consumption and the emission of the traditional four-wheel drive automobile are relatively more, and the traditional four-wheel drive automobile cannot meet the development requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction of modern automobiles, so that various automobile manufacturers strive to develop a hybrid four-wheel drive or an electric four-wheel drive with good fuel economy and emission to replace the traditional four-wheel drive automobile.
At present, a four-wheel drive system of a new energy automobile is complex in structure and high in arrangement difficulty, a front and rear high-power double-motor drive system or an engine and multiple motors are mostly used for coupling driving, and a high-capacity power battery and a plurality of hybrid systems are adopted and matched with a power battery, so that the defects of high price, large volume and weight, high system cost, low energy efficiency and the like of the whole automobile are caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: in order to solve the defects in the prior art, a vehicle four-wheel drive system with high-efficiency kinetic energy recovery is provided.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a vehicle four-wheel drive system with high-efficiency kinetic energy recovery comprises a main drive unit and a flywheel power system;
the flywheel power system comprises a flywheel power assembly, a flywheel system controller (HCU) and a flywheel motor inverter (MCU), wherein the flywheel power assembly can convert kinetic energy of vehicle braking into kinetic energy of a flywheel and release the kinetic energy to provide power when the vehicle starts or accelerates;
the main driving unit is in transmission connection with a first axle, the flywheel power assembly is in transmission connection with a second axle, one of the first axle and the second axle is a front axle of the vehicle, and the other one of the first axle and the second axle is a rear axle of the vehicle;
the flywheel system controller and the main driving unit are in signal connection with a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) of the vehicle; the flywheel system controller is in signal connection with the flywheel motor inverter;
the power battery system of the vehicle is electrically connected with the high-voltage control unit, the high-voltage control unit is electrically connected with the flywheel motor inverter, and the flywheel motor inverter is electrically connected with the motor/generator in the flywheel power assembly.
In the scheme, the first axle main driving unit is used as main driving, and the second axle adopts a flywheel power system as an auxiliary driving unit, so that a four-wheel drive system of the vehicle is formed, is convenient to arrange and can be universally applied to new energy automobiles with various routes such as pure electric, hybrid and fuel cells;
the flywheel power system improves the energy conversion efficiency, when a vehicle goes down a slope and brakes, the flywheel power system can quickly and efficiently store energy in the form of mechanical energy, the energy storage speed is not influenced by the chemical reaction speed of an electrode 'active substance' of a power battery system to cause high loss under high-rate charging and discharging, the braking energy recovery efficiency is improved to 70-80%, and the recovery efficiency, the power and the service life of the flywheel power system are far higher than those of the conventional scheme that a new energy automobile is electrically driven to generate power and feed back the power to a battery;
the flywheel is used as a secondary energy storage technology, the dynamic load-changing capacity of the system is improved while the high-efficiency kinetic energy is recovered, auxiliary power is provided for a main power source when the vehicle is in the working conditions of starting, accelerating and climbing, instantaneous high-power compensation is carried out, the output consumption of the power of a main driving system (a driving motor and an engine) is reduced, the large back power is not required to be reserved (only the wind friction loss is overcome), the power requirements of an energy storage system (a power battery, a fuel cell stack and a range extender) are greatly reduced, the cost of the main driving system and the energy storage system is reduced, and the whole vehicle can obtain better dynamic performance and energy efficiency;
compared with the traditional hybrid power system, the fuel consumption is reduced by optimizing the high-efficiency area of the engine, the flywheel power system recycles the kinetic energy at the starting acceleration section through high-efficiency recovery, the flywheel power system and the flywheel power system have larger complementarity in system control, and the flywheel power system can achieve the best power performance and the best fuel economy by combining. Meanwhile, the capacity and the multiplying power requirement of the power battery system are reduced, energy type power batteries can be matched, and power type power batteries do not need to be matched, so that the cost, the volume and the weight of the power battery system are greatly reduced, the service life of the power battery system is prolonged, and the reliability of the system is improved;
the operating environment of the power battery system is improved, and the service life of the battery is prolonged: the peak clipping and valley filling functions of the secondary energy storage of the flywheel power system reduce the times of high-power and high-rate charging and discharging of the power battery system, and the operating environment of the power battery system is greatly improved. Particularly, in a low-temperature environment in winter, the chemical property of an active substance of the power battery system is weak, the discharge performance is reduced, the effective power output is reduced, the power requirement of high power and high multiplying power has great damage to the power battery system, and the service life of the power battery system is shortened. The flywheel power system can realize low-power energy charging, reduce the discharge power requirement on the power battery system in the low-temperature environment, output high-power mechanical energy when starting and accelerating, reduce the influence of the low-temperature environment on the performance of the power battery system, optimize the energy efficiency and the operating environment of the power battery system from the system and greatly prolong the service life of the power battery system.
Further, the main driving unit comprises a driving motor, a driving motor inverter and a reduction/transmission;
the output end of the driving motor is in transmission connection with a first axle through a speed reducing/changing device, and the whole vehicle control unit is in signal connection with a driving motor inverter;
the high-voltage control unit is electrically connected with the driving motor inverter, and the driving motor inverter is electrically connected with the driving motor;
wherein the speed reducing/changing device is a speed reducer or a speed changer.
Further, the main driving unit comprises an engine, an automatic gearbox, an engine control unit and an automatic gearbox control unit;
the output end of the engine is in transmission connection with the input end of the automatic gearbox, and the output end of the automatic gearbox is in transmission connection with the first axle; the automatic transmission control system is characterized in that the engine control unit and the automatic transmission control unit are in signal connection with the whole vehicle control unit, the engine control unit is in signal connection with the engine, and the automatic transmission control unit is in signal connection with the automatic transmission.
Further, the flywheel powertrain includes:
the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring, a planetary gear, a planet carrier and a sun gear, wherein the output end of the planet carrier is in transmission connection with the input end of the gear speed reducing mechanism, and the output gear of the gear speed reducing mechanism is in transmission connection with the second axle through a differential mechanism;
the flywheel is in transmission connection with the gear ring;
a motor/generator, the main shaft of which is in transmission connection with the sun gear;
and a one-way clutch for preventing the flywheel and the ring gear from rotating in reverse after the kinetic energy of the flywheel is released.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses it is on first axletree adoption main drive unit's basis in the vehicle four-wheel drive system that high-efficient kinetic energy was retrieved, second axletree configuration flywheel driving system, constitute four-wheel drive with this, be convenient for arrange, retrieve braking energy with the quick high efficiency of mechanical energy form by flywheel power assembly when the vehicle slows down the braking, release kinetic energy when the starting accelerates, thereby provide auxiliary power for main drive unit, reduce the output and the energy consumption of main drive unit power, make whole car obtain better dynamic property and efficiency, reduce power battery system power demand, reduce battery high multiplying power charge-discharge number of times and environment, power battery system's life-span and efficiency have been improved greatly.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle four-wheel drive system for recovering pure electric high-efficiency kinetic energy in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a plug-in hybrid high-efficiency kinetic energy recovery vehicle four-wheel drive system in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a flywheel powertrain of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a vehicle control unit;
2. a flywheel power assembly 201, a gear ring 202, a planetary gear 203, a planet carrier 204, a sun gear 205, a motor/generator 206, a flywheel 207 and a one-way clutch;
3. the system comprises a flywheel system controller, 4, a flywheel motor inverter, 5, a high-voltage control unit, 6, a power battery system, 7, a first axle, 8, a second axle, 9, a driving motor, 10, a driving motor inverter, 11, an engine, 12, an automatic gearbox, 13, an engine control unit, 14, an automatic gearbox control unit, 15, a gear reduction mechanism, 16, a main reduction gear, 17, a differential mechanism, 18 and a reduction/transmission.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic drawings, which illustrate the basic structure of the invention only in a schematic way, and thus show only the components that are relevant to the invention, and the directions and references (e.g., upper, lower, left, right, etc.) may be used only to help describe the features in the drawings. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a high-efficiency kinetic energy recovery vehicle four-wheel drive system comprises a main drive unit and a flywheel power system;
the flywheel power system comprises a flywheel power assembly 2, a flywheel system controller 3 and a flywheel motor inverter 4, wherein the flywheel power assembly 2 can convert kinetic energy of vehicle braking into kinetic energy of a flywheel 206 and release the kinetic energy to provide power when the vehicle starts or accelerates;
the main driving unit is in transmission connection with a first axle 7, the flywheel power assembly 2 is in transmission connection with a main reduction gear 16 through a gear reduction mechanism 15, the main reduction gear 16 transmits power to a second axle 8 through a differential 17, one of the first axle 7 and the second axle 8 is a front axle of the vehicle, and the other is a rear axle of the vehicle;
the flywheel system controller 3, the main driving unit, the high-voltage control unit 5 and a battery management system control unit (BMS) of the power battery system 6 are in signal connection with the whole vehicle control unit 1; the flywheel system controller 3 is in signal connection with the flywheel motor inverter 4;
the power battery system 6 is electrically connected to the high voltage control unit 5, the high voltage control unit 5 is electrically connected to the flywheel motor inverter 4, and the flywheel motor inverter 4 is electrically connected to the motor/generator 205 in the flywheel power assembly 2.
The main driving unit comprises a driving motor 9, a driving motor inverter 10 and a speed reducing/changing device 18;
the output end of the driving motor 9 is in transmission connection with the first axle 7 through a speed reducing/changing device 18, and the whole vehicle control unit 1 is in signal connection with the driving motor inverter 10;
the high-voltage control unit 5 is electrically connected with a driving motor inverter 10, and the driving motor inverter 10 is electrically connected with a driving motor 9;
wherein the reduction/transmission 18 is a reducer or a transmission.
The flywheel power assembly 2 in the present embodiment includes:
the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring 201, a planetary gear 202, a planet carrier 203 and a sun gear 204, wherein the output end of the planet carrier 203 is in transmission connection with the input end of the gear reduction mechanism 15, the output gear of the gear reduction mechanism 15 is in transmission connection with a main reduction gear 16, and the main reduction gear 16 is in transmission connection with a second axle 8 through a differential 17;
the flywheel 206 is in transmission connection with the gear ring 201;
a motor/generator 205, a main shaft of the motor/generator 205 is in transmission connection with the sun gear 204;
and a one-way clutch 207 for preventing the flywheel 206 and the ring gear 201 from rotating in the reverse direction after the release of the kinetic energy of the flywheel 206 is completed.
The working principle of the flywheel power assembly 2 in this embodiment can be referred to as the working principle of the boosting energy-saving driving device in the driving device of the new energy automobile disclosed in chinese patent No. CN103171426B, and the second motor/generator in the boosting energy-saving driving device is equivalent to the motor/generator 205 in this application; reference may also be made to the working principle of the flywheel power assembly in the power assembly system of the pure electric heavy-duty commercial vehicle disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN 215204392U.
The vehicle four-wheel drive system that high-efficient kinetic energy was retrieved in this embodiment uses first axletree 7 as the front axle, and second axletree 8 is the rear axle as the example, and the main drive of first axletree 7 is the trinity electric drive system of pure electric, and the drive of second axletree 8 is flywheel driving system, and its theory of operation is as follows:
vehicle launch acceleration mode:
when the vehicle starts for the first time, the flywheel 206 is in a static state (without energy), and can be selected according to the power mode of a driver to realize starting control in multiple power modes;
1) single motor drive (two drives): the whole vehicle control unit 1 sends signals to the flywheel system controller 3, the driving motor inverter 10 and the high-voltage control unit 5, the flywheel power assembly 2 does not work, the high-voltage control unit 5 provides electric energy for the driving motor inverter 10, the driving motor 9 is in an electric mode, and the driving motor 9 drives the first vehicle axle 7 through the speed reducer/transmission 18 to finish vehicle starting and acceleration;
2) dual motor drive (four drive): the whole vehicle control unit 1 sends signals to the flywheel system controller 3, the driving motor inverter 10, the flywheel motor inverter 4 and the high-voltage control unit 5, the high-voltage control unit 5 obtains electric energy from the power battery system 6, and the driving motor inverter 10 supplies power to the driving motor 9; meanwhile, the motor/generator 205 is powered through the flywheel motor inverter 4, the driving motor 9 drives the first axle 7, and meanwhile, the motor/generator 205 of the flywheel power assembly 2 drives the second axle 8 to provide auxiliary power for the vehicle, so that parallel driving is realized; wherein, the gear ring 201 is fixed by the unidirectional clutch 207, the planetary gear mechanism is used as a planetary reduction mechanism, the motor/generator 205 can be used as an auxiliary drive, and the dual-motor parallel drive is realized;
3) flywheel hybrid drive (four-wheel drive): the driving motor 9 drives the first axle 7, and the flywheel power assembly 2 drives the second axle 8 in a hybrid way;
in the static braking state of the vehicle, the whole vehicle control unit 1 sends a starting mode signal to the flywheel system controller 3, the flywheel system controller 3 enables the main driving unit on the first axle 7 to be in a starting standby mode, the vehicle is hung in a P gear, and the planet carrier 203 in the flywheel power assembly 2 on the second axle 8 is equivalently fixed; the flywheel system controller 3 sends signals to the high-voltage control unit 5 and the flywheel motor inverter 4, obtains electric energy from the power battery 6, enables the motor/generator 205 to drive the sun gear 204 in the planetary gear mechanism by negative torque, accelerates the rotation of the flywheel 206 through the gear ring 201, and realizes the energy pre-charging of the flywheel 206 when the flywheel 206 reaches the highest rotating speed; after the energy is charged, the vehicle starts to be in a D gear, the driving motor 9 and the motor/generator 205 are controlled to simultaneously drive with positive torque, the flywheel 206 releases kinetic energy with high power, the maximum power parallel output of the first axle 7 and the second axle 8 is realized, the flywheel 206 on the second axle 8 outputs mechanical power 2-3 times of the rated power of the motor/generator 205, auxiliary power is provided for the vehicle, the power is enhanced, and the maximum power starting and accelerating of the vehicle are realized.
Through the control of the whole vehicle control unit 1, the mechanical energy in the flywheel power assembly 2 of the second axle 8 is preferentially output, the electric energy output consumption of the driving motor 9 of the first axle 7 is reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and auxiliary power are achieved.
Meanwhile, the dependence on high-power and high-rate charging and discharging of the power battery system 6 is reduced, the operating environment of the power battery system 6 is greatly improved, particularly in low-temperature environments in winter, the chemical performance of active substances of the power battery system 6 is weak, the discharging performance is reduced, the effective power output is reduced, the power demand of high power and high rate has large damage to the power battery system 6, and the service life of the power battery system 6 is shortened. The flywheel power assembly 2 can pre-charge the energy of the flywheel with static low power and low current, output high-power mechanical energy when starting and accelerating, reduce the requirements on the discharge power and current output of the power battery system 6 in a low-temperature environment, improve the influence of the performance of the power battery system 6 in the low-temperature environment, optimize the energy efficiency and the power battery operation environment from the system and greatly prolong the service life of the battery.
The medium-high speed cruising mode:
when the vehicle acceleration is finished, the energy of the flywheel 206 is released, and the rotating speed of the flywheel 206 is reduced to zero, the one-way clutch 207 reversely locks the gear ring 201 to be fixed, at the moment, the planetary gear mechanism is used as a planetary speed reducing mechanism, the driving motor 9 and the motor/generator 205 can continuously drive the vehicle, the parallel driving of the double motors is realized, and the power required by the vehicle speed is maintained.
Meanwhile, in driving running, because the flywheel power assembly 2 is output by the planet carrier 203, the total transmission ratio of the second axle 8 is large and is limited by the highest rotating speed of the motor/generator 205, the motor/generator 205 and the flywheel 206 are decoupled with the main driving system in the axle 7 and the rotating speed of wheels, at this time, the motor/generator 205 does not directly participate in vehicle driving, speed regulation control is performed on the flywheel, surplus power of the driving motor 9 of the first axle 7 is allowed to drive the planet carrier 203 in the flywheel power assembly 2 of the second axle 8 of the vehicle through the speed regulation control of the flywheel system controller 3, energy charging is realized on the flywheel 206, the flywheel 206 is always kept at a certain rotating speed, and the flywheel has a certain energy and energy storage space and is used as backup power for instantly accelerating overtaking, and the high-speed power performance of the vehicle is improved. The traditional electric drive system has weaker medium-high speed power performance, mainly because the drive motor 9 enters constant power, has smaller high-speed torque, is limited in power and lacks power compensation. The flywheel power assembly 2 can be used as power compensation and auxiliary power output in any vehicle speed range, and power performance of the pure electric vehicle at high speed is greatly improved.
And (3) decelerating and braking the vehicle:
the vehicle is decelerated and braked, the whole vehicle control unit 1 sends a signal to the flywheel system controller 3, the flywheel system controller 3 realizes braking torque distribution and control on a front shaft driving system and a rear shaft driving system, the braking energy of the vehicle is recovered at high power by controlling the negative torque of the motor/generator 205, the kinetic energy is recovered into the flywheel 206 and stored by mechanical energy, and the kinetic energy is used for next acceleration of the vehicle, so that the kinetic energy is recycled.
The second axle 8 is controlled to preferentially recover braking energy by adopting mechanical energy of the flywheel power assembly 2, and the energy of the driving motor 9 of the first axle 7 which is electrically braked and fed back to the power battery system 6 is reduced. The mechanical energy recovery is not influenced by the chemical reaction speed of active substances in the power battery system 6, and the efficiency is higher; when the high-power driving motor 9 recovers braking energy through electric braking, high power and large current can be generated instantaneously to recharge the power battery system 6, the high-rate charging and discharging efficiency of the power battery system 6 is low, and meanwhile, heating and permanent damage can be caused to the power battery system 6, so that the safety and the service life of the power battery system 6 are influenced.
The flywheel 206 mechanical energy of the second axle 8 is preferentially adopted for absorbing and releasing the kinetic energy of the vehicle in high power through system control, the residual kinetic energy of the vehicle is recovered by the main driving unit of the first axle 7, the effect of 'peak clipping and valley filling' is achieved for the power battery system 6, the operating environment of the power battery system 6 is greatly improved, and the safety and the service life of the power battery system 6 are improved. Through the reciprocating recovery and the effective release of the high-power mechanical energy of the flywheel 206, the power and the electric energy consumption of the driving motor 9 are greatly reduced, the system energy efficiency is effectively improved, and the cost of a main driving unit is reduced.
Vehicle circulating acceleration and deceleration:
in the process of frequent acceleration and deceleration circulation of the vehicle, the mechanical kinetic energy recovered by the flywheel 206 during each deceleration braking of the vehicle is fully utilized to drive the vehicle to accelerate next time, so that the electric energy consumption of the main driving unit is effectively reduced, and the power performance of the vehicle is improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 in that: the main driving unit comprises an engine 11, an automatic gearbox 12, an engine control unit 13 and an automatic gearbox control unit 14;
the output end of the engine 11 is in transmission connection with the input end of the automatic gearbox 12, and the output end of the automatic gearbox 12 is in transmission connection with the first axle 7; the engine control unit 13 and the automatic transmission control unit 14 are in signal connection with the whole vehicle control unit 1, the engine control unit 13 is in signal connection with the engine 11, and the automatic transmission control unit 14 is in signal connection with the automatic transmission 12.
In the embodiment, the flywheel power system is used as an auxiliary driving unit under the P4 hybrid structure, and the mechanical energy and kinetic energy recovery efficiency is far higher than that of a P4 hybrid rear axle electric driving system; the flywheel 206 recovers and releases kinetic energy by high-power mechanical energy, and effectively reduces the power of the motor/generator 205 and the capacity of a power battery in the auxiliary power system of the second axle 8, thereby reducing the cost of the hybrid system; the vehicle power performance and the system energy efficiency are improved, and the fuel economy is better; the flywheel power system is adopted to greatly reduce the power and multiplying power requirements of the power battery system 6, effectively reduce the configuration requirements of the hybrid system on the power type batteries, and can be replaced by energy type batteries with lower cost, so that the cost of the energy storage system is reduced, and the volume and the weight of the vehicle battery system are reduced;
in the embodiment, the four-wheel drive system of the vehicle with high-efficiency kinetic energy recovery takes the first axle 7 as a front axle and the second axle 8 as a rear axle as an example, the main drive of the first axle 7 is a power assembly system of an engine 11 and an automatic transmission 12, and the drive of the second axle 8 is a flywheel power system, and the working principle is as follows:
vehicle starting and accelerating:
in the static braking state of the vehicle, the whole vehicle control unit 1 sends a starting mode signal to the flywheel system controller 3, the flywheel system controller 3 enables an engine 13 in a main driving unit on a first axle 7 to be in a standby mode, an automatic gearbox to be in a P gear, and a planet carrier 203 in a flywheel power assembly 2 on a second axle 8 is equivalently fixed; the flywheel system controller 3 sends signals to the high-voltage control unit 5 and the flywheel motor inverter 4, obtains electric energy from the power battery 6, enables the motor/generator 205 to drive the sun gear 204 in the planetary gear mechanism by negative torque, accelerates the rotation of the flywheel 206 through the gear ring 201, and realizes the energy pre-charging of the flywheel 206 when the flywheel 206 reaches the highest rotating speed; when the vehicle is started and accelerated by being engaged into the D gear, the flywheel 206 releases kinetic energy with high power, the flywheel 206 outputs mechanical power 2-3 times of the rated power of the motor/generator 205 with high power, the kinetic energy is released with high power, auxiliary power is provided for the vehicle, and the power output requirement of the engine 11 of the first axle 7 is reduced. The flywheel power assembly 2 driven by the electric energy and the mechanical energy of the second axle 8 is used for starting and assisting in acceleration, the working time of the engine 11 of the first axle 7 in a low rotating speed and low efficiency area is reduced, and the fuel consumption is reduced.
Medium and high speed acceleration and cruising:
after the vehicle is started and accelerated statically, the energy of the flywheel 206 is released, the rotating speed of the flywheel 206 is zero, the one-way clutch 207 locks the gear ring 201 in the reverse direction and is fixed, at the moment, the planetary gear mechanism serves as a planetary speed reducing mechanism, and the motor/generator 205 can drive the vehicle continuously in a low-speed area. The motor/generator 205 is apt to reach the maximum speed due to the larger transmission ratio of the second axle 8, and the dynamic ignition control of the engine control unit 13 on the first axle 7 starts the engine 11 to provide power for the acceleration of the rear vehicle. Because the flywheel power assembly 2 is output by the planet carrier 203, the rotating speed of the motor/generator 205 and the flywheel 206 is decoupled from the rotating speed of the engine 11 in the first axle 7, the rotating speed of the automatic gearbox 12 and the rotating speed of wheels, at the moment, the motor/generator 205 does not directly participate in the driving of the vehicle, the speed regulation control is carried out on the flywheel 206, the surplus power of the engine in the first axle 7 is enabled to drive the planet carrier 203 in the flywheel power assembly 2 of the second axle 8 of the vehicle through the speed regulation control of the flywheel system controller 3, the energy charging is realized on the flywheel 206, the flywheel 206 is always kept at a certain rotating speed, and the flywheel has certain energy and energy storage space, is used as backup power to accelerate overtaking instantaneously, and the high-speed power performance of the vehicle is improved. Because the flywheel power assembly 2 has the characteristic of secondary energy storage, backup power and energy storage are provided, when the maximum power output limit of the engine 11 of the first axle 7 of the vehicle is reached, the flywheel power assembly 2 can provide transient acceleration kinetic energy, the re-acceleration capability is realized, and the high-speed power performance in the vehicle is improved. This is what the electric drive rear axle under traditional P4 framework can't possess too, and medium and high speed cruises mainly rely on front axle actuating system, and engine 11 is in the high efficiency region at this moment, and fuel economy is better.
Deceleration and braking:
the vehicle deceleration braking is controlled by the vehicle control unit 1, the braking energy recovery is preferentially carried out by adopting a flywheel 206 power assembly of a rear axle, the negative torque control is applied to the motor/generator 205, the flywheel 206 recovers the braking energy of the vehicle with the power (2-3 times of that of the motor/generator 205), the kinetic energy is recovered into the flywheel 206 and stored with mechanical energy, the kinetic energy is used for the next accelerated release of the vehicle, the high-efficiency recovery and the cyclic utilization of the kinetic energy are realized, and the braking energy recovery efficiency is far higher than that of the existing battery recovery mode. The other advantage of the method also greatly reduces the frequency and power of recharging the power battery system 6 by electric energy under the action of 'peak clipping and valley filling' of the power battery system 6, reduces the multiplying power requirement of the power battery system 6, can further improve the capacity, cost, volume and service life of the power battery system 6, effectively meets the configuration requirement of the traditional hybrid vehicle on the power battery, and reduces the cost of the hybrid system. Through the reciprocating recovery and the effective release utilization of the high-power mechanical energy of the flywheel 206, the fuel consumption of the engine 11 of the front axle and the power and the electric energy consumption of the auxiliary electric driving system of the rear axle are greatly reduced, the power and the cost of the electric driving system are effectively reduced, and the energy efficiency of the whole vehicle system is improved.
Vehicle circulation acceleration and deceleration
In the process of frequent acceleration and deceleration cycles of the vehicle, the mechanical kinetic energy recovered by the flywheel 206 during each deceleration braking of the vehicle is fully utilized as auxiliary power to drive the vehicle to accelerate next time. The power and fuel consumption of a front axle main driving system is effectively reduced, the power performance of the vehicle is improved, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
In light of the foregoing, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a vehicle four-wheel drive system of high-efficient kinetic energy recovery which characterized in that: comprises a main driving unit and a flywheel power system;
the flywheel power system comprises a flywheel power assembly (2), a flywheel system controller (3) and a flywheel motor inverter (4), wherein the flywheel power assembly can convert kinetic energy of vehicle braking into kinetic energy of a flywheel (206) and release the kinetic energy to provide power when the vehicle starts or accelerates;
the main driving unit is in transmission connection with a first axle (7), the flywheel power assembly (2) is in transmission connection with a second axle (8), one of the first axle (7) and the second axle (8) is a front axle of a vehicle, and the other is a rear axle of the vehicle;
the flywheel system controller (3) and the main driving unit are in signal connection with a whole vehicle control unit (1) of the vehicle; the flywheel system controller (3) is in signal connection with the flywheel motor inverter (4);
the power battery system (6) of the vehicle is electrically connected with the high-voltage control unit (5), the high-voltage control unit (5) is electrically connected with the flywheel motor inverter (4), and the flywheel motor inverter (4) is electrically connected with the motor/generator (205) in the flywheel power assembly (2).
2. The high efficiency kinetic energy recovery vehicle four-wheel drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main driving unit comprises a driving motor (9), a driving motor inverter (10) and a reduction/transmission (18);
the output end of the driving motor (9) is in transmission connection with the first axle (7) through a speed reducing/changing device (18), and the whole vehicle control unit (1) is in signal connection with the driving motor inverter (10);
the high-voltage control unit (5) is electrically connected with a driving motor inverter (10), and the driving motor inverter (10) is electrically connected with a driving motor (9);
wherein the speed reducing/changing device (18) is a speed reducer or a speed changer.
3. The high efficiency kinetic energy recovery vehicle four-wheel drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main driving unit comprises an engine (11), an automatic gearbox (12), an engine control unit (13) and an automatic gearbox control unit (14);
the output end of the engine (11) is in transmission connection with the input end of the automatic gearbox (12), and the output end of the automatic gearbox (12) is in transmission connection with the first axle (7); the motor control unit (13) and the automatic gearbox control unit (14) are in signal connection with the whole vehicle control unit (1), the motor control unit (13) is in signal connection with the motor (11), and the automatic gearbox control unit (14) is in signal connection with the automatic gearbox (12).
4. The high efficiency kinetic energy recovery vehicle four-wheel drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flywheel powertrain (2) comprises:
the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring (201), a planetary gear (202), a planet carrier (203) and a sun gear (204), the output end of the planet carrier (203) is in transmission connection with the input end of the gear reduction mechanism (15), and the output gear of the gear reduction mechanism (15) is in transmission connection with a second axle (8) through a differential (17);
the flywheel (206) is in transmission connection with the gear ring (201);
a motor/generator (205), wherein the main shaft of the motor/generator (205) is in transmission connection with the sun gear (204);
and a one-way clutch (207) for preventing the flywheel (206) and the ring gear (201) from rotating in reverse after the release of the kinetic energy of the flywheel (206) is completed.
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