CN111642211A - Fertilizing method for rice - Google Patents
Fertilizing method for rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN111642211A CN111642211A CN202010654280.3A CN202010654280A CN111642211A CN 111642211 A CN111642211 A CN 111642211A CN 202010654280 A CN202010654280 A CN 202010654280A CN 111642211 A CN111642211 A CN 111642211A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/40—Treatment of liquids or slurries
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizing method of rice, which comprises the following steps: applying biological bacterial manure before turning over the land and applying base fertilizer when harrowing the land; detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil 10-20 days after the rice is transplanted, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mgNH4 +‑N·100g‑1Dry soil 3h‑1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g‑1When the soil is dry, applying biological bacterial manure; applying tillering fertilizer after tillering period; detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in the soil 7-10 days after the tillering fertilizer is applied, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mg NH4 +‑N·100g‑1Dry soil 3h‑1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g‑1When the soil is dry, applying silicon fertilizer; after entering the booting stage, applying spike fertilizer; after heading, applying flower fertilizer. The invention obviously shortens the rice planting time by at least 5 days and improves the rice yield by more than 5%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, in particular to a fertilizing method for rice.
Background
The fertilization is an important content in the rice cultivation process, and the fertilization of the rice can provide nutrients for the rice and directly influence the yield, the quality and the growth cycle of the rice. At present, the rice fertilization method is not scientific and reasonable enough, firstly, base fertilizer is applied again, the fertilization amount is large, the cost is high, the applied fertilizer cannot be fully utilized and runs off greatly, environmental pollution is caused easily, secondly, additional fertilization is carried out according to the growth condition of rice in the later period, the additional fertilization is late, nutrients cannot be supplemented timely, the growth of the rice is slow, ineffective tillers in the middle period are increased, the number of green leaves in the later period is reduced, the photosynthetic efficiency is reduced, the maturing rate of the rice is reduced, and the yield of the rice is influenced finally.
Patent application CN201510535474.0 discloses a rice fertilization method, and the technical scheme is as follows: 1) fertilizing in soil preparation: when soil is prepared before rice transplanting, fertilizer is applied once, the fertilizer application amount is 30-35 kg/mu, the applied fertilizer is mixed fertilizer with the mass ratio of organic fertilizer to inorganic fertilizer being 8:2, the organic fertilizer is a mixture of chicken manure, pig manure and cow manure, and the inorganic fertilizer is Ca (NO)3)2·4H2O：KNO3：KH2PO4The mass ratio of the compound fertilizer to the fertilizer is 1:1: 1; 2) fertilizing in a tillering stage: applying a fertilizer 3 days after transplanting to promote tillering of rice, applying a nitrogen fertilizer polyglutamic acid urea with the application amount of 6 kg/mu, and applying a fertilizer again after 6 days, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer polyglutamic acid urea with the application amount of 3-4 kg/mu and the potassium fertilizer with the application amount of 6-7 kg/mu; 3) fertilizing in heading stage: firstly, applying fertilizer when the heading rate is 75%, wherein the applied fertilizer is a mixed fertilizer with the mass ratio of organic fertilizer to inorganic fertilizer being 2:3, the application amount is 3-5 kg/mu, the organic fertilizer is a mixture of chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure and humic acid, and the inorganic fertilizer is Ca (NO) (NO is3)2·4H2O：KNO3：KH2PO4：MgSO4·7H2A compound fertilizer with the mass ratio of O to O being 10:8:2: 5; then, when the heading rate is more than 90%, fertilizing, applying nitrogen fertilizer, polyglutamic acid urea 3-4 kg/mu and potassium fertilizer 2-3 kg/mu. The scheme adopts sectional fertilization, and the whole fertilization method is simple, effective and less in pollution, and can well improve the yield of rice. However, the base fertilizer is applied in a high amount and the total fertilizer application amount is also high, and the effect of shortening the growth cycle of rice cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a fertilizing method for rice.
The scheme of the invention comprises the following aspects:
a fertilizing method for rice, comprising:
a. applying biological bacterial fertilizer before turning over the soil, and applying base fertilizer when raking the soil, wherein the base fertilizer comprises nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer;
b. detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil 10-20 days after the rice is transplanted, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mgNH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, applying biological bacterial manure;
c. after the tillering stage, applying tillering fertilizer which is nitrogen fertilizer;
d. detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in the soil 7-10 days after the tillering fertilizer is applied, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mgNH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, applying silicon fertilizer;
e. after entering the booting stage, applying spike fertilizer, wherein the spike fertilizer comprises nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer;
f. after heading, applying a flower-protecting fertilizer which is a nitrogen fertilizer.
Preferably, the biological bacterial manure is as follows: activating and culturing the bacillus subtilis in an LB (lysogeny broth) culture medium until the content of viable bacteria is 60-80 hundred million/mL, and inoculating the bacillus subtilis into a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 3-5% of the bacillus subtilis by volume for fermentation culture for 24-26 hours.
The fermentation conditions of the biological bacterial fertilizer are as follows: fermenting at 120-130 rpm and 36-38 ℃ for 24-26 h, wherein the ventilation rate is 1: 0.6-0.8 volume ratio.
The fermentation medium used for preparing the biological bacterial fertilizer comprises: according to the mass percentage, 10-12% of corn flour, 10-12% of soybean meal, 2-3% of dry powder of overground parts of pteris multifida, 0.3-0.5% of ammonium sulfate, 0.2-0.3% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.3-0.5% of manganese sulfate, 0.1-0.2% of peptone, 0.1-0.3% of yeast powder, 0.1-0.3% of sodium chloride and the balance of water.
Preferably, the fertilizing amount of the biological bacterial manure is 2-4 kg/mu before plowing.
Preferably, the fertilizing amount of the base fertilizer is as follows: the nitrogen fertilizer is 5-6 kg/mu calculated by pure nitrogen and is P2O52-4 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer is calculated by K2And O, 5-6 kg/mu of potash fertilizer.
Preferably, the fertilizing amount of the panicle fertilizer is 2-3 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer calculated by pure nitrogen and K2And O, measuring 2-3 kg/mu of potash fertilizer.
Preferably, the flower and fertilizer preserving and applying amount is 2-3 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer calculated by pure nitrogen.
Preferably, the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil is detected 10-20 days after the rice is transplanted, and the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mg NH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1And when the soil is dry, applying 1-2 kg/mu of biological bacterial manure.
Preferably, the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in the soil is detected 7-10 days after the tillering fertilizer is applied, and the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mg NH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, according to SiO2And applying 60-80 g of silicon fertilizer per mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) by adopting the fertilizing method, the rice planting time is obviously shortened by more than 5 days, and the rice yield is improved by more than 5%.
2) The method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, obvious effect and contribution to popularization and use.
3) The invention focuses on detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil by 10-20 days after transplanting and 7-10 days after applying tillering fertilizer, and takes the activity of the urease and polyphenol oxidase as an important index to reasonably control the fertilizing amount and the fertilizing time of each fertilizer, thereby achieving the purposes of shortening the rice planting time and improving the yield.
4) The invention discovers that in the fermentation process of the biological bacterial manure, the dry powder of the overground part of the pteris multifida is added, and the obtained bacterial manure is rich in various bioactive substances, so that the activity of soil enzyme can be further improved, the ecological environment of soil can be improved, the growth of rice root systems can be promoted, the rice planting time can be shortened, and the yield can be increased.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The bacillus is derived from Shanghai Ke Rey biotechnology limited and has the product name CMCC (B)63501 bacillus subtilis.
In the invention, polyphenol oxidase is measured by a pyrogallol colorimetric method, and the enzyme activity is expressed by the milligram of red purple gallogen contained in every 100g of soil; urease is determined by indophenol blue colorimetry, and the enzyme activity is NH released by 100g of soil cultured for 3h at 37 DEG C4 +-N in mg. The soil sampling point is 5-10 cm below the ground.
Example 1
A fertilizing method for rice, comprising:
a. applying biological bacterial fertilizer (the fertilizer application amount is 2 kg/mu) before turning over the soil, applying base fertilizer (the fertilizer application amount of the base fertilizer: 6 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer is calculated by pure nitrogen and P is calculated by P) when raking the soil2O52 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer is calculated by K2O, measuring 6 kg/mu of potash fertilizer);
b. detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil 10-20 days after the rice is transplanted, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mgNH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, 2 kg/mu of biological bacterial manure is applied;
c. after the tillering stage, tillering fertilizer is applied (fertilizing amount: nitrogen fertilizer is calculated by pure nitrogen by 3 kg/mu);
d. detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in the soil 7-10 days after the tillering fertilizer is applied, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mgNH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, according to SiO2Applying 80 g/mu of silicon fertilizer;
e. after the booting stage, applying spike fertilizer (fertilizer application amount: nitrogen fertilizer is 3 kg/mu in terms of pure nitrogen and K is used)2O, 2 kg/mu of potash fertilizer;
f. after ear emergence, applying flower protecting fertilizer (the fertilizer application amount is 2 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer calculated by pure nitrogen).
The preparation method of the biological bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: activating and culturing the bacillus subtilis in an LB (lysogeny broth) culture medium until the content of viable bacteria is 60-80 hundred million/mL, and inoculating the bacillus subtilis into a fermentation tank filled with a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 5% of the bacillus subtilis by volume for fermentation culture; the fermentation conditions were: fermenting at 120rpm and 38 deg.C for 24h, and regulating ventilation volume to 1:0.8 volume ratio; the fermentation medium is as follows: 12 percent of corn flour, 12 percent of soybean meal powder, 3 percent of dry powder of overground parts of pteris multifida, 0.3 percent of ammonium sulfate, 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5 percent of manganese sulfate, 0.1 percent of peptone, 0.3 percent of yeast powder, 0.3 percent of sodium chloride and the balance of water.
Example 2
A fertilizing method for rice, comprising:
a. applying biological bacterial fertilizer (the fertilizer application amount is 4 kg/mu) before turning over the soil, applying base fertilizer (the fertilizer application amount of the base fertilizer: 5 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer calculated by pure nitrogen and P/mu) during harrowing2O54 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer is calculated by K2O, metering 5 kg/mu of potash fertilizer);
b. detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil 10-20 days after the rice is transplanted, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mgNH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, 1 kg/mu of biological bacterial manure is applied;
c. after the tillering stage, tillering fertilizer (fertilizing amount: 2 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer calculated by pure nitrogen) is applied;
d、detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in the soil 7-10 days after the tillering fertilizer is applied, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mgNH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, according to SiO2Measuring and applying 60 g/mu of silicon fertilizer;
e. after the booting stage, applying spike fertilizer (fertilizer application amount: nitrogen fertilizer 2 kg/mu calculated by pure nitrogen, K)2O, metering 3 kg/mu of potash fertilizer);
f. after ear emergence, applying flower protecting fertilizer (the fertilizer application amount is 3 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer calculated by pure nitrogen).
The preparation method of the biological bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: activating and culturing the bacillus subtilis in an LB (lysogeny broth) culture medium until the content of viable bacteria is 60-80 hundred million/mL, and inoculating the bacillus subtilis into a fermentation tank filled with a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 3% of the bacillus subtilis by volume for fermentation culture; the fermentation conditions were: fermenting at 130rpm and 36 deg.C for 26h with aeration at a volume ratio of 1: 0.6; the fermentation medium is as follows: according to the mass percentage, the corn powder is 10 percent, the soybean meal powder is 10 percent, the ground part dry powder of the pteris multifida, the ammonium sulfate is 0.5 percent, the monopotassium phosphate is 0.3 percent, the manganese sulfate is 0.3 percent, the peptone is 0.2 percent, the yeast powder is 0.1 percent, the sodium chloride is 0.1 percent, and the balance is water.
Example 3
The main differences between this embodiment and embodiment 1 are:
a. applying biological bacterial fertilizer (fertilizing amount is 5 kg/mu) before turning over the land, applying base fertilizer (fertilizing amount of the base fertilizer: 5 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer calculated by pure nitrogen, P2O52 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer is calculated by K2O, metering 3 kg/mu of potash fertilizer);
b. detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil 10-20 days after the rice is transplanted, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mgNH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, 5 kg/mu of biological bacterial manure is applied;
c. after the tillering stage, tillering fertilizer (fertilizing amount: 1 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer calculated by pure nitrogen) is applied;
d. detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in the soil 7-10 days after the tillering fertilizer is applied, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mgNH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, according to SiO2Applying 100 g/mu of silicon fertilizer;
e. after the booting stage, applying spike fertilizer (fertilizer application amount: nitrogen fertilizer is 4 kg/mu in terms of pure nitrogen and K is used)2O, 4 kg/mu of potash fertilizer;
f. after ear emergence, a flower-protecting fertilizer (the fertilizer application amount is 1 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer calculated by pure nitrogen) is applied.
Example 4
The main differences between this example and comparative example 1 are:
the fermentation medium is as follows: 12 percent of corn flour, 15 percent of soybean meal, 0.3 percent of ammonium sulfate, 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5 percent of manganese sulfate, 0.1 percent of peptone, 0.3 percent of yeast powder, 0.3 percent of sodium chloride and the balance of water.
Comparative example 1
The main differences between this comparative example and example 1 are:
and (3) no urease and polyphenol oxidase activity in soil is detected and no biological bacterial fertilizer and silicon fertilizer are applied 10-20 days after the rice is transplanted and 7-10 days after the tillering fertilizer is applied.
Comparative example 2
The main differences between this comparative example and example 1 are:
detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil 10-20 days after the rice is transplanted, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mg NH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, the pure nitrogen is applied by 2 kg/mu.
Comparative example 3
The main differences between this comparative example and example 1 are:
detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in the soil 7-10 days after the tillering fertilizer is applied, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mg NH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, according to SiO2And the nitrogen fertilizer is applied by 80 g/mu.
Test examples
The experimental site was Hainan Chengmei and the experimental rice variety was Caofeng 568. Each cell area is 25m2The pH value of the soil is 7.2, the organic matter is 29.0g/kg, the nitrogen is 2.03g/kg, the potassium is 120.37mg/kg, and the phosphorus is 10.0 mg/kg. Each district is wrapped by plastic films to form ridges which are separately irrigated and arranged, and protection lines are arranged around the ridges. Fertilization management, conventional moisture management and pest control were performed according to the methods of examples and comparative examples, respectively. Each treatment was set to 3 replicates. The transplanting time is 7 months and 5 days. The rice maturity (more than 95% of the grain glume of each ear turns yellow or more than 95% of the small cob and the auxiliary glume protection turn yellow, the rice grains are hard and transparent) and the rice yield are recorded.
The results are shown in table 1, and significance analysis was performed using SPSS software one-way ANOVA.
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| At the end of the maturity period | 10/02 | 10/01 | 10/07 | 10/10 | 10/18 | 10/15 | 10/16 |
| Yield (kg/mu) | 891a | 869ab | 848abc | 844bc | 759d | 803cd | 800cd |
The different letters in the same row represent significant difference (p < 0.05)
The results show that in examples 1-4, the time for the rice to enter the maturity stage is 10 months and 10 days before, and the maturation time of the rice is at least shortened by more than 5 days compared with the fertilizing method of the comparative example, wherein, by adopting the fertilizing methods of examples 1 and 2, the maturation time is at least shortened by more than 10 days, and thus, the method of the invention can obviously shorten the planting time of the rice. In addition, from the yield aspect, the yield of the embodiment is improved by at least 5 percent, wherein the yield of the embodiment 1 and the yield of the embodiment 2 are improved by at least 10 percent. In conclusion, the method provided by the invention can be used for obviously shortening the rice planting time and improving the rice yield.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for fertilizing rice, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. applying biological bacterial fertilizer before turning over the soil, and applying base fertilizer when raking the soil, wherein the base fertilizer comprises nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer;
b. detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil 10-20 days after the rice is transplanted, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mg NH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, applying biological bacterial manure;
c. after the tillering stage, applying tillering fertilizer which is nitrogen fertilizer;
d. detecting the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in the soil 7-10 days after the tillering fertilizer is applied, wherein the activity of the urease is less than or equal to 60mg NH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, applying silicon fertilizer;
e. after entering the booting stage, applying spike fertilizer, wherein the spike fertilizer comprises nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer;
f. after heading, applying a flower-protecting fertilizer which is a nitrogen fertilizer.
2. The fertilization method of claim 1, wherein the biological bacterial manure is:
activating and culturing the bacillus subtilis in an LB (lysogeny broth) culture medium until the content of viable bacteria is 60-80 hundred million/mL, and inoculating the bacillus subtilis into a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 3-5% of the bacillus subtilis by volume for fermentation culture for 24-26 hours.
3. Fertilizing method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the fermentation conditions are: fermenting at 120-130 rpm and 36-38 ℃ for 24-26 h, wherein the ventilation rate is 1: 0.6-0.8 volume ratio.
4. Fertilization method according to claim 3, characterized in that the fermentation medium is: according to the mass percentage, 10-12% of corn flour, 10-12% of soybean meal, 2-3% of dry powder of overground parts of pteris multifida, 0.3-0.5% of ammonium sulfate, 0.2-0.3% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.3-0.5% of manganese sulfate, 0.1-0.2% of peptone, 0.1-0.3% of yeast powder, 0.1-0.3% of sodium chloride and the balance of water.
5. The fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizing amount of the biological bacterial manure is 2-4 kg/mu before plowing.
6. The fertilization method of claim 1, wherein the base fertilizer is applied in an amount that: the nitrogen fertilizer is 5-6 kg/mu calculated by pure nitrogen and is P2O52-4 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer is calculated by K2And O, 5-6 kg/mu of potash fertilizer.
7. The fertilization method of claim 1, wherein the amount of the fertilizer applied on the panicle fertilizer is 2-3 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer calculated by pure nitrogen and K is used2And O, measuring 2-3 kg/mu of potash fertilizer.
8. The fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein the flower and fertilizer retention and fertilization amount is 2-3 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer in terms of pure nitrogen.
9. The fertilization method of claim 1, wherein urease and polyphenol oxidase activities in the soil are detected 10-20 days after the rice is transplanted, and the urease activity is less than or equal to 60mg NH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1And when the soil is dry, applying 1-2 kg/mu of biological bacterial manure.
10. The fertilization method of claim 1, wherein urease and polyphenol oxidase activities in the soil are detected 7-10 days after the tillering fertilizer is applied, and the urease activity is less than or equal to 60mg NH4 +-N·100g-1Dry soil 3h-1And the activity of polyphenol oxidase is 2-3 mg of red purple gallogen 100g-1When the soil is dry, according to SiO2And applying 60-80 g of silicon fertilizer per mu.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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