CN110862278A - Facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer - Google Patents
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Abstract
A facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps: step one, strain selection: selecting a plurality of facultative anaerobic bacteria which can be rapidly propagated under aerobic condition and can also be grown and propagated in the anaerobic environment of the paddy field, combining according to a certain proportion, and performing activation and purification on the strains; step three, liquid shaking table enlarging culture; step four, preparing solid bacterial powder; and step five, preparing the facultative anaerobic biological fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological fertilizers, in particular to a facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer.
Background
The existing fertilizer mostly takes chemical fertilizer as a main material, but the chemical fertilizer is high in cost after being used for a long time, and causes long-time adverse effect on land, excessive fertilizer not only increases agricultural cost, wastes resources and pollutes environment, but also causes eutrophication of soil plough layer, causes a series of problems of soil secondary salinization, nitrate accumulation, soil acidification and the like, and causes the growth environment of crops to be poor, so that the yield and quality of the crops are affected. In recent years, China is closely around the working main line of structural reform of an agricultural supply side, focuses on a grain production functional area, an important agricultural product production protection area and a characteristic agricultural product advantage area, insists on problem orientation, strengthens green leading, mainly attacks quality benefits, integrates and promotes chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement and soil comprehensive treatment technologies, explores the organic fertilizer and replaces chemical fertilizer technologies, improves the farmland quality, reduces unreasonable chemical fertilizer investment, accelerates the formation of an agricultural green production mode, and promotes the sustainable utilization of farmland resources.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step one, strain selection: selecting a plurality of facultative anaerobic bacteria which can be rapidly propagated under aerobic condition and can also be grown and propagated in the anaerobic environment of the paddy field, combining according to a certain proportion,
step two, activating and purifying strains;
step three, liquid shaking table enlarging culture;
step four, preparing solid bacterial powder;
and step five, preparing the facultative anaerobic biological fertilizer.
Further, the facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer is applied to rice fields.
Further, the strain specifically comprises: denitrifying bacteria: lactobacillus plantarum: rhodopseudomonas palustris: bacillus coagulans: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus cereus: the bacillus polymyxa comprises the following strains in parts by weight: lactobacillus plantarum: rhodopseudomonas palustris: bacillus coagulans: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus cereus: paenibacillus polymyxa 1:1:1:1: 1;
wherein, rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus coagulans, bacillus licheniformis and denitrifying bacteria are purchased strains, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus cereus and paenibacillus polymyxa are separated from the interior of the plant and are plant endophytes;
further, the second step is activation and purification of strains; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the 7 facultative anaerobes are respectively inoculated into a Nutrient Agar culture medium: pepton5g, Beef extract 30g, NaCl 5g, Agar 15g, add dH2O to 1000mL, pH: 7.0-7.2 or LB medium: 10g of Tryptone, 5g of Yeast extract and 10g of NaCl, adding dH2O to 1000mL, keeping the pH value at 7.0, carrying out streak culture, and placing in a constant temperature incubator at 30 ℃ for 1-2 days.
Further, the third step of liquid shaking table expansion culture specifically comprises: selecting a single colony of each facultative anaerobic bacterium, inoculating the single colony into a prepared Nutrient liquid culture medium, and culturing for 30 hours in a shaking way under the conditions that the temperature is 30 ℃ and the rotating speed is 200 rpm.
Further, preparing solid bacterial powder; uniformly mixing the rice flour, the bran and the bean flour according to the mass ratio of 65:35:10, adding 0.10% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and adjusting the initial pH to 7.5. Then adding water, and adjusting the initial water content to 55%; sterilizing and preparing the culture material. And sequentially inoculating the strains cultured by the liquid into the culture material, wherein the inoculation amount is 10% of the total mass. Culturing at 30 deg.C for 5-8 days, taking out, and kneading.
Further, the preparation of the facultative anaerobic bio-fertilizer in the fifth step is specifically as follows: mixing 7 kinds of facultative anaerobe solid bacteria powder prepared in the above steps into 5kg of wheat bran or rice bran, respectively, wherein the water content is 55%, fermenting at 30 ℃ for 1-2 days, adding 1 ton of decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly mixing, fermenting at 35 ℃ for 5-8 days, timely turning when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, and spreading for heat dissipation. Preparing the facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer.
Furthermore, in order to avoid the mutual antagonism of the seven types of bacteria, after liquid culture, solid culture is carried out, then stirring is carried out, compost is carried out after stirring, the temperature is raised to 38-42 ℃, and then the compost is turned over and cooled down, so as to propagate the strains.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer, which solves the problems of high cost and reduced soil fertility of long-term use of chemical fertilizers, has no pollution to the environment, improves the cultivated land quality, reduces unreasonable chemical fertilizer input, accelerates the formation of an agricultural green production mode and promotes the sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by combining the specific implementation mode as follows:
a preparation method of a facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step one, strain selection: selecting a plurality of facultative anaerobic bacteria which can be rapidly propagated under aerobic condition and can also be grown and propagated in the anaerobic environment of the paddy field, combining according to a certain proportion,
step two, activating and purifying strains;
step three, liquid shaking table enlarging culture;
step four, preparing solid bacterial powder;
and step five, preparing the facultative anaerobic biological fertilizer.
Further, the facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer is applied to rice fields.
Further, the strain specifically comprises: denitrifying bacteria: lactobacillus plantarum: rhodopseudomonas palustris: bacillus coagulans: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus cereus: the bacillus polymyxa comprises the following strains in parts by weight: lactobacillus plantarum: rhodopseudomonas palustris: bacillus coagulans: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus cereus: paenibacillus polymyxa 1:1:1:1: 1;
wherein, rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus coagulans, bacillus licheniformis and denitrifying bacteria are purchased strains, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus cereus and paenibacillus polymyxa are separated from the interior of the plant and are plant endophytes;
further, the second step is activation and purification of strains; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the 7 facultative anaerobes are respectively inoculated into a Nutrient Agar culture medium: pepton5g, Beef extract 30g, NaCl 5g, Agar 15g, add dH2O to 1000mL, pH: 7.0-7.2 or LB medium: 10g of Tryptone, 5g of Yeast extract and 10g of NaCl, adding dH2O to 1000mL, keeping the pH value at 7.0, carrying out streak culture, and placing in a constant temperature incubator at 30 ℃ for 1-2 days.
Further, the third step of liquid shaking table expansion culture specifically comprises: selecting a single colony of each facultative anaerobic bacterium, inoculating the single colony into a prepared Nutrient liquid culture medium, and culturing for 30 hours in a shaking way under the conditions that the temperature is 30 ℃ and the rotating speed is 200 rpm.
Further, preparing solid bacterial powder; uniformly mixing the rice flour, the bran and the bean flour according to the mass ratio of 65:35:10, adding 0.10% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and adjusting the initial pH to 7.5. Then adding water, and adjusting the initial water content to 55%; sterilizing and preparing the culture material. And sequentially inoculating the strains cultured by the liquid into the culture material, wherein the inoculation amount is 10% of the total mass. Culturing at 30 deg.C for 5-8 days, taking out, and kneading.
Further, the preparation of the facultative anaerobic bio-fertilizer in the fifth step is specifically as follows: mixing 7 kinds of facultative anaerobe solid bacteria powder prepared in the above steps into 5kg of wheat bran or rice bran, respectively, wherein the water content is 55%, fermenting at 30 ℃ for 1-2 days, adding 1 ton of decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly mixing, fermenting at 35 ℃ for 5-8 days, timely turning when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, and spreading for heat dissipation. Preparing the facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer.
Furthermore, in order to avoid the mutual antagonism of the seven types of bacteria, after liquid culture, solid culture is carried out, then stirring is carried out, compost is carried out after stirring, the temperature is raised to 38-42 ℃, and then the compost is turned over and cooled down, so as to propagate the strains.
Experimental example: rice application facultative anaerobic type in Chajing city kylin district 2018
Field fertilizer efficiency test report of bio-organic fertilizer
1. Purpose and Source of the experiment
By the soil fertilizer workstation of Jingjing city, for the inspection, make clear of the fertilizer efficiency of this facultative anaerobic type bio-organic fertilizer on the rice, conducted the facultative anaerobic type bio-organic fertilizer single factor rice field plot experiment in the kylin district of Jingjing city by the high specialty school's microorganism institute of this unit union Jingjing medicine, Jingjing feng mao duck industry development limited company to assess the yield-increasing effect and the economic benefits of this product, provide the scientific basis for mastering its relevant data of the hand and enlarging experimental popularization area.
2. Time and place of experiment
The experiment is arranged to be carried out in paddy fields by the peasant households of the Yangjing district, Qixiang street, Cold house and village committee. Seedling is grown in 11 days in 3 months in 2018, seedling emergence is carried out in 22 days in 3 months, transplanting is carried out in 13 days in 5 months, one-time harvesting is carried out in 14 days in 10 months in 2018, the rice seedling period is 63 days, the field growth time is 155 days, and the whole growth period is 218 days.
3. Materials and methods
3.1 test materials
3.1.1 test soil
The elevation of the test site is 1945 m, the annual rainfall is about 1010mm, the annual average temperature is 13.6 ℃, the test soil is rice soil, the texture is medium soil, the fertility is medium, and the representative area is 500 mu. The first crop is winter fallow. The soil nutrient conditions of the test soil are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 soil nutrient table of test plot
3.1.2 Fertilizer tested
The test fertilizer is a biological organic fertilizer produced by facultative anaerobic microbial strains, the production execution standard NY 884-2012 is powder, and the main technical indexes are as follows: denitrifying bacteria is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, rhodopseudomonas palustris is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, bacillus coagulans is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, bacillus licheniformis is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g: more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g of bacillus cereus and more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g of paenibacillus polymyxa; the content detection value of macroelements (N + P2O5+ K2O) is 10.10%, wherein the content detection value of total nitrogen (N) is 2.12%, the content detection value of phosphorus (P2O5) is 3.35%, the content detection value of potassium (K2O) is 4.63%, and the content of organic matters is 61%; 25% of water; the pH value is 7.8. The market price is counted as 1.50 yuan/kg.
Other fertilizers used for the tests:
organic fertilizer: the production execution standard NY525-2012 of the Fengmen commercial organic fertilizer produced by Dajing Fengmen Duck industry development Limited company is powder, the organic matter is more than or equal to 45 percent, and the market price is counted according to 1.00 yuan/kg.
Urea: urea produced by Yunnan chemical corporation, particle material, N content is more than or equal to 46%; the market price is 2.38 yuan/kg.
Calcium superphosphate: ordinary calcium produced by Yunnan Malong spring rain phosphate fertilizer Co Ltd, powder containing P2O5More than or equal to 12 percent; the market price is 0.90 yuan/kg.
Potassium sulfate: potassium sulfate produced by Zhejiang agricultural Ridges group Limited company, powder,containing K2SO4More than or equal to 50 percent; the market price is 5.30 yuan/kg.
3.1.3 test crops and varieties
The tested crop is rice, and the variety is Yunjun-37.
3.2 test methods
3.2.1 test design
On the premise of consistent high yield cultivation management measures, the test adopts a random block arrangement test design, four tests are designed and repeated for three times, the area of a cell is 21 square meters (6.0m multiplied by 3.5m), the planting row spacing is 16.6cm, the plant spacing is 10cm, each cluster of 2 seedlings is planted, each cell is planted with 1265 clusters, each mu is planted with 40160 clusters of rice, and the periphery is provided with protection rows. The test treatment comprises the following steps:
1, 333.33kg of active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu, and 25 percent of fertilizer is reduced by applying the fertilizer per mu;
2, treatment, 333.33kg of inactivated facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu, and 25 percent of fertilizer is reduced by applying the fertilizer in a habit;
treating 3, applying 333.33kg of conventional commercial organic fertilizer per mu and applying chemical fertilizer by convention;
treatment 4, blank control (ck), without any application of inorganic and organic fertilizers.
Except for different fertilization, the treatment of each experiment is the same as other farm operation measures.
3.2.2 fertilizing method
The fertilizer is applied according to local habits, and the fertilizer is pure N20.00 kg and P per mu2O510.00kg、 K2And (3) applying an O10.00 kg fertilization scheme, namely applying 43.48kg of urea, 83.33kg of calcium superphosphate and 20.00kg of potassium sulfate to each mu. The biological organic fertilizer, the phosphorus fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer are all used as base fertilizers, the nitrogen fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer according to 30 percent of the total amount of the test, the tillering fertilizer is applied in the tillering stage in 50 percent, and the panicle fertilizer is used in 20 percent. NPK fertilizer used in conventional fertilization uses elemental fertilizers of urea, ordinary superphosphate and potassium sulfate.
Fertilizer application conditions of each treatment:
treatment 3 (habitual fertilization): after land preparation of a field is carried out and the plot is divided in 13 days in 5 months, applying 333.33kg of common commercial organic fertilizer, 13.04kg of urea, 83.33kg of calcium superphosphate and 20.00kg of potassium sulfate as base fertilizer per mu, and uniformly scattering all the base fertilizer into the plot after the plot is divided according to experimental design; before the crop enters the tillering stage (2 days in 6 months), additional tillering fertilizer is applied, the application amount per mu is 21.74kg, and the application method is that the additional applied urea is uniformly scattered into a small area according to the test design; and (3) dressing the pregnant spike fertilizer before the booting stage (7 months and 15 days), wherein the application amount per mu is 8.70kg, and the application method is to uniformly spray the dressed urea into the plot according to the test design.
Treatment 1 (active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer): after land preparation of a field is carried out and cells are divided in 13 days in 5 months, 333.33kg of active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer, 9.78kg of urea, 62.50kg of calcium superphosphate and 15.00kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu of land as base fertilizer, and the application method is that after the cells are divided according to the experimental design, all the base fertilizer is uniformly scattered into the cells; before the crop enters the tillering stage (2 days in 6 months), additional tillering fertilizer is applied, the application amount per mu is 16.31kg, and the application method is that the additional applied urea is uniformly scattered into a small area according to the test design; and (3) dressing the pregnant spike fertilizer before the booting stage (7 months and 15 days), wherein the application amount per mu is 6.53kg, and the application method is to uniformly spray the dressed urea into the plot according to the test design.
Treatment 2 (inactivated facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer): after land preparation is carried out on the field and the plot is divided in 13 days in 5 months, 333.33kg of inactivated facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer, 9.78kg of urea, 62.50kg of calcium superphosphate and 15.00kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu as base fertilizer, and the application method is that after the plot is divided according to the experimental design, all the base fertilizer is uniformly scattered into the plot; before the crop enters the tillering stage (2 days in 6 months), additional tillering fertilizer is applied, the application amount per mu is 16.31kg, and the application method is that the additional applied urea is uniformly scattered into a small area according to the test design; and (3) dressing the pregnant spike fertilizer before the booting stage (7 months and 15 days), wherein the application amount per mu is 6.53kg, and the application method is to uniformly spray the dressed urea into the plot according to the test design.
And (4) treatment: blank control, no organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are applied during 5-month and 13-day transplanting, and no additional fertilizer is applied.
3.2.3 test procedure
The experiment shows that the rice seeding and seedling raising are carried out on a rice seedling bed at 3 and 11 months in 2018, the conventional water seedling raising method is adopted, and the rice seedlings begin to emerge at 3 and 22 days. The test field is manually dug in 2018, 1 month and 10 days, upturned soil is sunned, water is drained in 5 months and 4 days, the field is soaked, a small rotary cultivator is used for soil preparation in 5 months and 6 days, the districts are divided on the same day, the districts are separated by wrapping plastic films with steel bar welding keels, water inlets and water outlets are reserved, and independent water flow in and out of each district is guaranteed. And 5, month and 13, applying base fertilizer to each cell according to the test requirements. Transplanting rice seedlings to field on the same day. The additional application of the tillering fertilizer and the pregnant spike fertilizer are respectively carried out for two times in 2 days in 6 months and 15 days in 7 months. All the crops are harvested once in 2018, 10 months and 14 days, the field growth time of the crops is 155 days, and the whole growth period is 218 days.
Controlling field diseases and insect pests: in the test field, the tricyclazole is used for preventing and treating the leaf plague and the panicle plague respectively in 2018, 6-month and 14-day and 8-month and 1-day, 100 g of 20 percent tricyclazole wettable powder is used per mu, and 50kg of water is added for spraying. And 4, respectively using 1500-time liquid of pesticide 10% shrinkage treetop wettable powder to carry out leaf surface spraying on the 6 th and the 22 th days in the 6 th month and the 6 th days in the 8 th month for preventing and controlling the rice planthoppers. After 7 months and 8 days, the enemy is used for killing and preventing armyworm, and the 2500-fold diluted solution is mixed with water and sprayed with 20 milliliters of 2.5 percent missible oil per mu.
No plant diseases and insect pests and natural disastrous weather occur in the whole growth period of the rice.
4. Analysis of test results
4.1 Effect of different treatments on crop growth
TABLE 2 growth period record table for different treated rice
Unit: day/month
| Treatment of | Sowing time | Stage of emergence | Transplanting period | Green turning period | Tillering stage | Heading period | Setting period | Harvesting period | Full growth period |
| 1 | 11/3 | 22/3 | 13/5 | 22/5 | 3/6 | 25/7 | 6/8 | 14/10 | 218 days |
| 2 | 11/3 | 22/3 | 13/5 | 22/5 | 3/6 | 25/7 | 6/8 | 14/10 | 218 days |
| 3 | 11/3 | 22/3 | 13/5 | 22/5 | 3/6 | 25/7 | 6/8 | 14/10 | 218 days |
| 4 | 11/3 | 22/3 | 13/5 | 22/5 | 3/6 | 25/7 | 6/8 | 14/10 | 218 days |
As can be seen from table 2: compared with treatments 2, 3 and 4, the growth period of the rice in the treatment 1 applying the active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer has no obvious change.
4.2 Effect of different treatments on crop biological traits
And (3) investigating indexes such as leaf color, growth vigor and the like of crops in a rice setting period, investigating indexes such as plant height, basic seedlings, the highest tiller number, effective spike number, grain number per spike, grain number of spikes, empty blight rate, thousand grain weight and the like in a test harvest, continuously taking 2 meters of records per point in each cell, and converting biological properties and main economic properties of each cell according to the average number. As can be seen from tables 3-1 and 3-2: compared with treatments 2, 3 and 4, the treatment 1 applying the active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer has obviously improved main biological properties of rice.
From the perspective of leaf color and growth vigor, the leaf color of the treatment 1 is obviously greener than that of the treatments 2 and 3, the growth vigor is obviously better than that of the treatments 2 and 3, the leaf color and growth vigor of the treatments 2 and 3 are similar, and the leaf color and growth vigor of the treatment 4 are light;
from plant height analysis: the height of the treated plant 1 can reach 142.30cm, and compared with the treated plants 2, 3 and 4, the plant heights are respectively increased by 9.03cm, 7.07cm and 38.20cm, 6.78%, 5.23% and 36.70%; the plant height of the treated 2 is the third, compared with the treatments 3 and 4, the plant height is increased by-1.97 cm, 29.17cm, 1.45 percent and 28.02 percent; the plant height of the treated 3 plants is the second, and compared with that of the treated 4 plants, the plant height is increased by 31.13cm and 29.91 percent; the height of the treated 4 plants is 104.10 cm.
Tables 3-1. biological and major economic traits of Rice treated differently in each plot Table 1
From the basic seedling view: the basic seedlings are basically consistent among treatments, and have no great difference. Treating 1 basic seedling 2509.33 seedling, and comparing with treatments 2, 3 and 4, increasing basic seedlings by-0.33 seedling, 1.33 seedling and 0.33 seedling, increasing basic seedlings by-0.01%, 0.05% and 0.01% respectively; compared with treatments 3 and 4, the treatment 2 increases the basic seedlings by 1.67 seedlings and 0.67 seedlings, by 0.07 percent and 0.03 percent; compared with the treatment 4, the treatment 3 increases the basic seedlings by-1.00 seedlings and by-0.04%; treatment 4 the primary seedlings were 2509.00 seedlings.
From the highest tiller number: the highest tiller number of the treatment 1 reaches 7911.33, compared with the treatments 2, 3 and 4, the highest tiller number is increased by 425.00, 352.67 and 3683.33 respectively, and is increased by 5.68%, 4.67% and 87.12%; the highest tiller number of the treatment 2 is the third, and compared with the treatments 3 and 4, the highest tiller number is increased by-72.33, 3258.33, by-0.96% and 77.07%; the highest tiller number of the treatment 3 is the second, and compared with the treatment 4, the highest tiller number is increased by 3330.67 and is increased by 78.78%; the highest tiller number of the treatment 4 was the lightest, 4228.00.
From the number of effective spikes: the effective spike number of the treatment 1 is up to 6775.00, compared with the treatments 2, 3 and 4, the effective spike number is respectively increased by 523.00, 426.67 and 2643.33, and is increased by 8.37%, 6.72% and 63.94%; the third effective spike number of the treatment 2 is that compared with the treatments 3 and 4, the effective spike numbers are increased by-96.33, 2119.33, 1.52 percent and 51.28 percent; treatment 3 has the second effective spike number, compared with treatment 4, the effective spike number is increased by 2215.67, and increased by 53.61%; the number of effective spikes of treatment 4 was at least 4132.67.
From the number of grains per spike: the number of grains per spike of the treatment 1 is up to 137.33 grains at most, and compared with the treatments 2, 3 and 4, the number of grains per spike is respectively increased by 7.00 grains, 5.33 grains and 27.67 grains, and is increased by 5.37 percent, 4.04 percent and 25.23 percent; the number of grains per ear is the third in treatment 2, and compared with treatments 3 and 4, the number of grains per ear is increased by-1.67 grains, 20.67 grains, 1.26 percent and 18.84 percent; the second particle number per ear of treatment 3 is 22.33 particles per ear, which is 20.36% higher than that of treatment 4; the number of grains per ear was the minimum of 109.67 grains for treatment 4.
From the number of the ear solid particles: the number of the ear solid grains in the treatment 1 reaches 116.67 at most, and compared with the treatments 2, 3 and 4, the number of the ear solid grains is respectively increased by 7.67 grains, 6.33 grains and 27.00 grains, and is increased by 7.03%, 5.74% and 30.11%; the number of the ear solid grains is increased by-1.33 grains, 19.33 grains, 1.21 percent and 21.56 percent compared with the treatment 3 and the treatment 4; the number of the ear solid grains is increased by 20.67 grains by 23.05 percent compared with the number of the ear solid grains in the treatment 4; the number of the treated 4 ears was 89.67 ears, which was the minimum.
Tables 3-2. tables of biological and major economic traits of rice treated differently in each plot
From the point of blight: the blighteness rate of the treatment 1 is as low as 15.02 percent, and compared with the treatments 2, 3 and 4, the blighteness rate is respectively increased by-1.36 percent, -1.35 percent, -2.99 percent, -8.30 percent, -8.22 percent and-16.62 percent; second, the blighted rate of the treatment 2 is increased by 0.01 percent to 1.63 percent, 0.09 percent to 9.07 percent compared with the treatments 3 and 4; third, treatment 3 increased the blighted rate by-1.65% and by-9.15% compared to treatment 4; the treatment rate of 4-pityrosis was 18.02% at the highest.
From thousand kernel weight analysis: the weight of 1 thousand grains is 25.70g, and compared with the weight of 2, 3 and 4, the weight of the thousand grains is respectively increased by 2.13g, 1.30g and 8.93g, and increased by 9.05%, 5.33% and 53.28%; the weight of 2 thousand grains is increased by-0.83 g, 6.80g, 3.42 percent and 40.56 percent compared with the weight of 3 and 4; the second treatment with 3 thousand grains has the weight increased by 7.63g and 45.53% compared with the treatment with 4; the weight of 4 thousand grains was the lightest, 16.77 g.
4.3 Effect of different treatments on crop yield
TABLE 4 actual yield table for different treatment districts
As shown in Table 4, the yield of rice was increased in treatment 1 using the active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer, compared with treatments 2, 3 and 4. The highest yield of 672.60kg per mu treated by the method is increased by 69.00kg, 60.21kg and 442.65kg per mu respectively compared with the yields of 69, 3 and 4 per mu treated by the method, and the increases are respectively 11.43%, 9.83% and 192.50%; the yield of 603.60kg for 2 mu is the third, and the yield is increased by-8.78 kg and 373.65kg for 3 and 4 mu respectively, the increase is-1.43 percent and 162.49 percent respectively; the yield of 3 mu processed is 612.38kg, the second place, the yield is increased by 382.44kg compared with that of 4 mu processed, and the amplification is 166.31%; the yield of the treated 4 acres is the lowest, and is 229.95 kg.
The yield of rice treated differently was analyzed by anova (see Table 5), and the F-value between replicates was 4.935<F0.055.143, indicating that the yield difference between replicates was not significant. Inter-treatment F value of 387.793**>F0.019.780, indicating that the yield difference between treatments was significant and reached a very significant level.
TABLE 5 analysis table of variance of yield of real time harvest in residential area
| Source of variation | Degree of freedom | Sum of squares | Mean square | F value | F0.05 | F0.01 |
| Treatment room | 3 | 364.852 | 121.617 | 387.793** | 4.757 | 9.780 |
| Repeating room | 2 | 3.096 | 1.548 | 4.935 | 5.143 | 10.925 |
| Error of the measurement | 6 | 1.882 | 0.314 | － | － | － |
| Total variation | 11 | 369.829 | － | － | － |
Multiple comparisons of significance of yield differences between treatments are shown in table 6.
The yields of each treatment were compared by the least significant difference method (see table 6), and it can be seen that the difference in yield at the a-0.05 and a-0.01 levels is significant for treatment 1 compared to treatments 2, 3; the yield difference was not significant in comparison of treatment 2 and treatment 3 at the a ═ 0.05 level.
TABLE 6 comparison of the minimum significant range difference between the different process yields
Experiments show that the rice applied with the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer has extremely remarkable yield increasing effect.
4.4 Effect of different treatments on crop yield and benefit analysis
As can be seen from table 7, the treatment costs are different because the application of the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer is different. 713.38 yuan is added for treating 1 and 2 acres of fertilizer, 617.81 yuan is added for treating 3 acres of fertilizer, and 0 yuan is added for treating 4 acres of fertilizer.
TABLE 7 cost of fertilizer application for different treatments
TABLE 8 different treatment output values and economic benefits table
From the table 8, the rice applied active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer has better value-added and income-increased effects. The yield of each treatment is converted into a yield value according to the unit price of 3.00 yuan/kg of products during rice harvesting, and the yield values of each treatment are compared after the input cost of newly added various fertilizers is deducted.
Comparing treatment 1 with treatments 2, 3 and 4, respectively increasing the new output value of 206.99 yuan, 180.64 yuan and 1327.94 yuan per mu; after deducting the cost of new fertilizer, the net income increase per mu is 206.99 yuan, 85.06 yuan and 614.56 yuan respectively; the comparative production to input ratio of treatment 1 and treatment 4 was 1.86: 1.
Comparing the treatment 2 with the treatments 3 and 4, respectively increasing the new output value of-26.35 yuan and 1120.96 yuan per mu; after deducting the cost of new fertilizer, the net income increase per mu is-121.92 yuan and 407.58 yuan respectively; the comparative production to input ratio of treatment 2 and treatment 4 was 1.57: 1.
Comparing treatment 3 with treatment 4, the new yield value of each mu is increased to 1147.31 yuan; after deducting the cost of newly added fertilizers, the net income increase per mu is 529.50 yuan; the comparative production to input ratio of treatment 3 and treatment 4 was 1.86: 1.
The application of the active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer has better effect on improving the yield value and the benefit of the rice.
5. Conclusions and suggestions
5.1 the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer for the test is powdery, has uniform appearance and no special peculiar smell.
5.2 from the test results, the application of the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer on the rice in the kylin region can obviously improve the biological properties of the rice, and obviously increase the growth vigor, the long-phase plant height, the highest tiller number, the effective spike number, the grain number per spike, the grain number of the spike and the weight average of thousand grains; can obviously improve the yield of the rice and has obvious benefit of increasing both production and income. Compared with the inactivation treatment, the treatment of applying the active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer increases the yield by 69.00kg per mu, the amplification is 11.43 percent, and the yield difference reaches an extremely obvious level; the yield value is increased by 180.64 yuan compared with the conventional fertilization treatment per mu, the net income is increased by 614.56 yuan compared with the non-fertilization treatment per mu, and the yield-input ratio is 1.86: 1.
5.3 the rice variety selected in the experiment is Yunjiu-37, which is a new high-quality rice variety popularized locally, and the market price is superior to that of a local traditional planting variety. However, the low purchase price of the rice leads to low yield-to-investment ratio in the calculation of the economic benefit of the test.
5.4 tests prove that the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer jointly developed by the soil fertilizer workstation in Jingjing city applied to rice, the microbial research institute in higher specialty schools in Jingjing medicine and the development Limited company in Jingjing Feng Duoyang has better yield-increasing and income-increasing effects, and can be applied to local rice in an enlarged demonstration mode. However, only by single-group and single-season test results, the whole efficacy of the fertilizer product cannot be comprehensively reflected, and further test demonstration needs to be carried out on multiple crops at multiple points for multiple years, so that the yield increasing and income increasing effects are further verified.
Experimental example 2
2. Time and place of experiment
The test is arranged to be carried out in the Wanggueyu rural area of the Fangyu village committee peasant household Wanggu green contract in the rain community of the Zhengjing city teacher county. Seedling is raised in 2018, 4 days in 4 months, seedling emergence is carried out in 12 days in 4 months, transplanting is carried out in 4 days in 6 months, harvesting is carried out once in 28 days in 10 months in 2018, the rice seedling raising period is 61 days, the field growing time is 147 days, and the whole growing period is 208 days.
3. Materials and methods
3.1 test materials
3.1.1 test soil
The elevation of a test site is 1850 m, the annual rainfall is 1280mm or so, the annual average temperature is 13.9 ℃, the test soil is rice soil, the texture is medium soil, the fertility is medium and high, and the representative area is 1000 mu. The green manure smooth leaf vetch is planted in the previous crop, the yield of fresh grass per mu is 2500kg, and no fertilization is carried out. The soil nutrient conditions of the test soil are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 soil nutrient table of test plot
3.1.2 Fertilizer tested
Supply to try on fertilizer for using by the microbial research institute of the higher specialty school of the soil fertilizer workstation of qujing city and qujing medical science, the biological organic fertilizer of the facultative anaerobism type microbial spawn production of the luxurious duck industry development limited company joint development of qujing maple, production execution standard NY 884-2012 is powdery, main technical index: denitrifying bacteria is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, rhodopseudomonas palustris is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, bacillus coagulans is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, bacillus licheniformis is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, bacillus cereus is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, and paenibacillus polymyxa is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g; macroelement (N + P)2O5+K2O) content of 10.10%, wherein the total nitrogen (N) content is detected2.12% of phosphorus (P)2O5) The content detection value is 3.35 percent, and the potassium (K)2O) content detection value is 4.63 percent, and organic matter is 61 percent; 25% of water; the pH value is 7.8. The market price is counted as 1.50 yuan/kg.
Other fertilizers used for the tests:
organic fertilizer: the production execution standard NY525-2012 of the Fengmen commercial organic fertilizer produced by Dajing Fengmen Duck industry development Limited company is powder, the organic matter is more than or equal to 45 percent, and the market price is counted according to 1.00 yuan/kg.
Urea: urea produced by Yunnan chemical corporation, particle material, N content is more than or equal to 46%; the market price is 2.38 yuan/kg.
Calcium superphosphate: ordinary calcium produced by Yunnan Malong spring rain phosphate fertilizer Co Ltd, powder containing P2O5More than or equal to 12 percent; the market price is 0.90 yuan/kg.
Potassium sulfate: potassium sulfate powder produced by Zhejiang agricultural Ringji group Limited company and containing K2SO4More than or equal to 50 percent; the market price is 5.30 yuan/kg.
3.1.3 test crops and varieties
The tested crop is rice, and the variety is Yunjun-37.
3.2 test methods
3.2.1 test design
On the premise of consistent high yield cultivation management measures, the test adopts a random block arrangement test design, four treatments are arranged for three times and repeated, the area of a small area is 20.3 square meters (6.0m multiplied by 3.5m), the planting adopts double-row strip planting, the row spacing of a large row is 30cm, the row spacing of a small row is 15cm, the plant spacing is 10cm, 2 seedlings are planted in each cluster, 1050 clusters are planted in each small area, 34483 clusters of rice are planted per mu, and protective rows are arranged around the plants. The test treatment comprises the following steps:
1, 333.33kg of active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu, and 25 percent of fertilizer is reduced by applying the fertilizer per mu;
2, treatment, 333.33kg of inactivated facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu, and 25 percent of fertilizer is reduced by applying the fertilizer in a habit;
treating 3, applying 333.33kg of conventional commercial organic fertilizer per mu and applying chemical fertilizer by convention;
treatment 4, blank control (ck), without any application of inorganic and organic fertilizers.
Except for different fertilization, the treatment of each experiment is the same as other farm operation measures.
3.2.2 fertilizing method
The fertilizer is applied according to local habits, and the fertilizer is pure N16.00kg and P per mu2O58.00kg、K2And (3) carrying out an O8.00 kg fertilization scheme, namely applying 34.79kg of urea, 66.67kg of calcium superphosphate and 16.00kg of potassium sulfate to each mu. The organic fertilizer, the phosphorus fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer are all used as base fertilizers, the nitrogen fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer according to 60 percent of the total amount of the test, the tillering fertilizer is applied in 20 percent of the tillering period, and the panicle fertilizer is used in 20 percent of the tillering period. NPK fertilizer used in conventional fertilization uses elemental fertilizers of urea, ordinary superphosphate and potassium sulfate.
Fertilizer application conditions of each treatment:
treatment 3 (habitual fertilization): after land preparation of a field is carried out and cells are divided in 3 days at 6 months, 333.33kg of common commercial organic fertilizer, 20.87kg of urea, 66.67kg of calcium superphosphate and 16.00kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu as base fertilizer, and the application method comprises the steps of dividing the cells according to experimental design and then uniformly scattering all the base fertilizer into the cells; before the crop enters the tillering stage (7 months and 3 days), additional tillering fertilizer is applied, the application amount per mu is 6.96kg, and the application method is that the additional applied urea is uniformly scattered into a small area according to the test design; and (3) dressing the pregnant spike fertilizer before the booting stage (8 months and 2 days), wherein the application amount per mu is 6.96kg, and the application method is to uniformly spray the dressed urea into the plot according to the test design.
Treatment 1 (active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer): after land preparation of a field is carried out and a plot is divided in 3 days at 6 months, 333.33kg of active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer, 15.65kg of urea, 50.00kg of calcium superphosphate and 12.00kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu as base fertilizer, and the application method is that after the plot is divided according to experimental design, all the base fertilizer is uniformly scattered into the plot; before the crop enters the tillering stage (7 months and 3 days), additional tillering fertilizer is applied, the application amount per mu is 5.22kg, and the application method is that the additional applied urea is uniformly scattered into a plot according to the test design; and (3) dressing the pregnant spike fertilizer before the booting stage (8 months and 2 days), wherein the application amount per mu is 5.22kg, and the application method is to uniformly spray the dressed urea into the plot according to the test design.
Treatment 2 (inactivated facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer): after land preparation of a field is carried out and a plot is divided in 3 days at 6 months, 333.33kg of inactivated facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer, 15.65kg of urea, 50.00kg of calcium superphosphate and 12.00kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu as base fertilizer, and the application method is that after the plot is divided according to experimental design, all the base fertilizer is uniformly scattered into the plot; before the crop enters the tillering stage (7 months and 3 days), additional tillering fertilizer is applied, the application amount per mu is 5.22kg, and the application method is that the additional applied urea is uniformly scattered into a plot according to the test design; and (3) dressing the pregnant spike fertilizer before the booting stage (8 months and 2 days), wherein the application amount per mu is 5.22kg, and the application method is to uniformly spray the dressed urea into the plot according to the test design.
And (4) treatment: blank control, no organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are applied during land preparation and transplantation in the field in 3 days in 6 months, and no additional fertilizer is applied.
3.2.3 test procedure
The experiment shows that rice seeding and seedling raising are carried out on a rice seedling bed at 4 months and 4 days in 2018, the conventional water seedling raising method is adopted, and rice seedlings begin to emerge at 4 months and 12 days. The test field is manually dug in 4-month and 2-day 2018, upturned soil is sunned, water is drained in 1-month and soaked in the field in 6-month and 3-day, the small rotary cultivator is used for soil preparation, the small areas are divided on the same day, plastic films are wrapped by wood keels to separate different small areas, water inlets and water outlets are reserved, and independent water flow in and out of each small area is guaranteed. And applying base fertilizer to each cell according to test requirements in 6 months and 3 days. Transplanting the rice seedlings to the field in 6 months and 4 days. The additional application of the tillering fertilizer and the pregnant spike fertilizer are respectively carried out for two times in 3 days in 7 months and 2 days in 8 months. All the crops are harvested once in 2018, 10 and 28 days, the field growth time of the crops is 147 days, and the whole growth period is 208 days.
Controlling field diseases and insect pests: in the test field, the tricyclazole is used for controlling the leaf blast and the panicle blast respectively in 2018, 7, 15 and 8, 18 days, 100 g of 20% tricyclazole wettable powder is used per mu, and 50kg of water is added for spraying. And 4, respectively using 1500-time liquid of pesticide 10% shrinkage treetop wettable powder to carry out leaf surface spraying on 7-month and 2-day and 8-month and 25-day so as to prevent and control the rice planthoppers. The insecticide is used for killing and preventing armyworm in 10 days after 7 months, and the 2500-fold diluted solution is mixed with water and sprayed with 20 milliliters of 2.5 percent missible oil per mu.
No plant diseases and insect pests and natural disastrous weather occur in the whole growth period of the rice.
4. Analysis of test results
4.1 Effect of different treatments on crop growth
TABLE 2 growth period record table for different treated rice
Unit: day/month
| Treatment of | Sowing time | Stage of emergence | Transplanting period | Green turning period | Tillering stage | Heading period | Setting period | Harvesting period | Full growth period |
| 1 | 4/4 | 12/4 | 4/6 | 15/6 | 5/7 | 6/8 | 17/8 | 28/10 | For 208 days |
| 2 | 4/4 | 12/4 | 4/6 | 15/6 | 5/7 | 6/8 | 17/8 | 28/10 | For 208 days |
| 3 | 4/4 | 12/4 | 4/6 | 15/6 | 5/7 | 6/8 | 17/8 | 28/10 | For 208 days |
| 4 | 4/4 | 12/4 | 4/6 | 15/6 | 5/7 | 6/8 | 17/8 | 28/10 | For 208 days |
As can be seen from table 2: compared with treatments 2, 3 and 4, the growth period of the rice in the treatment 1 applying the active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer has no obvious change.
4.2 Effect of different treatments on crop biological traits
And (3) investigating indexes such as leaf color, growth vigor and the like of crops in a rice setting period, investigating indexes such as plant height, basic seedlings, the highest tiller number, effective spike number, grain number per spike, grain number of spikes, empty blight rate, thousand grain weight and the like in a test harvest, continuously taking 2 meters of records per point in each cell, and converting biological properties and main economic properties of each cell according to the average number. As can be seen from tables 3-1 and 3-2: compared with treatments 2, 3 and 4, the treatment 1 applying the active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer has obviously improved main biological properties of rice.
From the perspective of leaf color and growth vigor, the leaf color of the treatment 1 is obviously greener than that of the treatments 2 and 3, the growth vigor is obviously better than that of the treatments 2 and 3, the leaf color and growth vigor of the treatments 2 and 3 are similar, and the leaf color and growth vigor of the treatment 4 are light;
tables 3-1. biological and major economic traits of Rice treated differently in each plot Table 1
From plant height analysis: the height of the treated plant 1 can reach 153.23cm, and compared with the treated plants 2, 3 and 4, the plant heights are respectively increased by 9.37cm, 7.70cm and 40.40cm, 6.51%, 5.29% and 35.81%; the plant height of the treated 2 is the third, compared with the treatments 3 and 4, the plant height is increased by-1.67 cm, 31.03cm, 1.15 percent and 27.50 percent; the plant height of the treated 3 is the second, and compared with that of the treated 4, the plant height is increased by 32.70cm and increased by 28.98%; the height of the treated 4 plants is 112.83 cm.
From the basic seedling view: the basic seedlings are basically consistent among treatments, and have no great difference. Treating 1 basic seedling 2087.33 seedling, and comparing with treatments 2, 3 and 4, increasing-1.33 seedling, 1.00 seedling and-3.00 seedling, increasing-0.06%, 0.05% and-0.14% respectively; compared with treatments 3 and 4, the treatment 2 increases 2.33 seedlings and-1.67 seedlings for the basic seedlings by 0.11 percent and-0.08 percent; compared with the treatment 4, the treatment 3 increases the basic seedlings by-4.00 seedlings and by-0.19 percent; treatment 4 the primary seedlings were 2090.33 seedlings.
From the highest tiller number: the highest tiller number of the treatment 1 reaches 10399.33, compared with the treatments 2, 3 and 4, the highest tiller number is increased by 448.00, 421.33 and 3555.67 respectively, and is increased by 4.50%, 4.22% and 51.96%; the highest tiller number of the treatment 2 is the third, and compared with the treatments 3 and 4, the highest tiller number is increased by-26.67, 3107.67, by-0.27% and by 45.41%; the highest tiller number of the treatment 3 is the second, and compared with the treatment 4, the highest tiller number is increased by 3134.33 and 45.80%; the highest tiller number of the treatment 4 was the lightest, 6843.67.
From the number of effective spikes: the effective spike number of the treatment 1 is 8075.33 at most, compared with the treatments 2, 3 and 4, the effective spike number is increased by 422.00, 367.67 and 2199.00 respectively, and is increased by 5.51%, 4.77% and 37.42%; the third effective spike number of the treatment 2 is that the effective spike numbers are increased by-54.33 and 1777.00, increased by-0.70% and increased by 30.24% compared with the treatments 3 and 4; the second effective spike number of the treatment 3 is that compared with the treatment 4, the effective spike number is increased by 1831.33 and increased by 31.16 percent; the number of effective spikes of treatment 4 was at least 5876.33.
From the number of grains per spike: the number of grains per ear of the treatment 1 is up to 147.67 grains, compared with the treatments 2, 3 and 4, the number of grains per ear is respectively increased by 11.00 grains, 9.67 grains and 24.67 grains, and is increased by 8.31 percent, 7.00 percent and 20.05 percent; the third treatment 2 has the third grain number per spike, compared with the treatments 3 and 4, the grain number per spike is increased by-1.33 grains, 13.67 grains, 0.97 percent and 11.11 percent; the second treatment 3 has the second number of grains per spike, compared with the treatment 4, the number of grains per spike is increased by 15.00 grains and increased by 12.20 percent; the number of grains per ear was the minimum of 123.00 grains for treatment 4.
From the number of the ear solid particles: the number of the ear solid grains in the treatment 1 reaches 132.67 grains at most, and compared with the treatments 2, 3 and 4, the number of the ear solid grains is respectively increased by 12.00 grains, 10.33 grains and 32.00 grains, and increased by 9.94%, 8.45% and 31.79%; the number of the ear solid grains in the treatment 2 is third, and compared with the treatment 3 and the treatment 4, the number of the ear solid grains is increased by-1.67 grains, 20.00 grains, 1.36 percent and 19.87 percent; the number of the ear solid grains is second in treatment 3, and compared with that in treatment 4, the number of the ear solid grains is increased by 21.67 grains and 21.52 percent; the number of the treated 4 ears was 100.67 ears, which was the minimum.
Tables 3-2. tables of biological and major economic traits of rice treated differently in each plot
As shown in table 3-2: from the point of blight: the blighted rate of the treatment 1 reaches as low as 10.08 percent, and compared with the treatments 2, 3 and 4, the blighted rate is respectively increased by-1.59 percent, -1.25 percent, -7.93 percent, increased by-13.60 percent, -11.03 percent and 44.02 percent; the third is the blighted rate of 2, which is increased by 0.34%, -6.34%, 2.97%, -35.21% compared with the treatments 3 and 4; second, treatment 3 increased the blighted rate by-6.68% and by-37.08% compared to treatment 4; the treatment rate of 4-pityrosis was 18.01% at the highest.
From thousand kernel weight analysis: the weight of 1 thousand grains is 26.76g at the most, and compared with the weight of 2, 3 and 4, the weight of the thousand grains is respectively increased by 1.89g, 1.76g and 8.53g, and is increased by 7.58%, 7.02% and 46.78%; the weight of 2 thousand grains is increased by-0.13 g, 6.64g, 0.52 percent and 36.44 percent compared with the weight of 3 and 4; the second treatment with the weight of 3 thousand grains is that the weight of the thousand grains is increased by 6.77g and 37.15 percent compared with the treatment with the weight of 4; the weight of 4 thousand grains was the lightest, 18.23 g.
4.3 Effect of different treatments on crop yield
TABLE 4 actual yield table for different treatment districts
As shown in Table 4, the yield of rice was increased in treatment 1 using the active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer, compared with treatments 2, 3 and 4. The highest yield of 820.26kg per mu treated by the method is increased by 107.39kg, 91.63kg and 460.21kg per mu respectively compared with the yields of 107.39kg, 91.63kg and 127.82 kg per mu treated by the method 2, 3 and 4 respectively, and the increase amplitudes are 15.06%, 12.58% and 127.82% respectively; the yield of 712.87kg for 2 mu is treated as the third place, and the yield is increased by-15.76 kg and 352.82kg for 3 and 4 mu respectively, and the increase is-2.16 percent and 97.99 percent respectively; the yield of 3 mu processed is 728.63kg, the second place, the yield is increased by 368.58kg compared with that of 4 mu processed, and the amplification is 102.37%; the yield of the treated 4 acres is the lowest, and is 360.05 kg.
The yield of rice treated differently was analyzed by anova (see Table 5), and the F-value between replicates was 4.478<F0.055.143, indicating that the yield difference between replicates is notIs remarkable. Inter-treatment F value of 139.564**>F0.019.780, indicating that the yield difference between treatments was significant and reached a very significant level.
TABLE 5 analysis table of variance of yield of real time harvest in residential area
| Source of variation | Degree of freedom | Sum of squares | Mean square | F value | F0.05 | F0.01 |
| Treatment room | 3 | 342.348 | 114.116 | 139.564** | 4.757 | 9.780 |
| Repeating room | 2 | 7.324 | 3.662 | 4.478 | 5.143 | 10.925 |
| Error of the measurement | 6 | 4.906 | 0.818 | － | － | － |
| Total variation | 11 | 354.577 | － | － | － |
Multiple comparisons of significance of yield differences between treatments are shown in table 6.
The yields of each treatment were compared by the least significant range method (see table 6), and it can be seen that the difference in yield between treatment 1 and treatments 2, 3, 4 was significant at the levels of a ═ 0.05 and a ═ 0.01; the yield difference was not significant in comparison of treatment 2 and treatment 3 at the a ═ 0.05 level. The differences in yield at the a-0.05 and a-0.01 levels were significant for treatments 2, 3 compared to treatment 4.
TABLE 6 comparison of minimum significant range method for different treatment cell yields
Experiments show that the rice applied with the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer has extremely remarkable yield increasing effect.
4.4 Effect of different treatments on crop yield and benefit analysis
TABLE 7 cost of fertilizer application for different treatments
TABLE 8 different treatment output values and economic benefits table
As can be seen from table 7, the treatment costs are different because the application of the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer is different. 713.38 yuan is added for treating 1 and 2 acres of fertilizer, 617.81 yuan is added for treating 3 acres of fertilizer, and 0 yuan is added for treating 4 acres of fertilizer.
From the table 8, the rice applied active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer has better value-added and income-increased effects. The yield of each treatment is converted into a yield value according to the unit price of the purchased rice product of 2.50 yuan/kg, and the yield values of each treatment are compared after the input cost of newly added various fertilizers is deducted.
Comparing treatment 1 with treatments 2, 3 and 4, respectively increasing the new output value of 268.47 yuan, 229.07 yuan and 1150.53 yuan per mu; after deducting the cost of new fertilizer, the net income increase per mu is 268.47 yuan, 119.31 yuan and 479.84 yuan respectively; the comparative production to input ratio of treatment 1 and treatment 4 was 1.72: 1.
Comparing the treatment 2 with the treatments 3 and 4, respectively increasing the new output value of-39.41 yuan and 882.05 yuan per mu; after deducting the cost of new fertilizer, the net income increase per mu is-149.17 yuan and 211.36 yuan respectively; treatment 2 and treatment 4 compared the production to input ratio was 1.32: 1.
Comparing treatment 3 with treatment 4, the new yield value of each mu is increased to 921.46 yuan; after deducting the cost of newly added fertilizers, the net income increase per mu is 360.53 yuan; treatment 3 and treatment 4 compared the production to input ratio was 1.64: 1.
The application of the active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer has better effect on improving the yield value and the benefit of the rice.
5. Conclusions and suggestions
5.1 the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer for the test is powdery, has uniform appearance and no special peculiar smell.
5.2 from the test results, the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer is applied to the rice in teacher and religion county, so that the biological properties of the rice can be obviously improved, and the growth vigor, the plant height, the maximum stem tiller number, the effective spike number, the grain number per spike, the grain number of the spike and the weight average of thousand grains are obviously increased; can obviously improve the yield of the rice and has obvious benefit of increasing both production and income. The yield per mu is increased by 107.39kg by applying the active facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer compared with that of inactivation treatment, the amplification is 15.06 percent, and the yield difference reaches an extremely obvious level; the yield value is increased by 229.07 yuan compared with the conventional fertilization treatment per mu, the net income is increased by 479.84 yuan compared with the non-fertilization treatment per mu, and the yield-input ratio is 1.72: 1.
5.3 the low purchase price of the paddy rice leads to low yield-to-input ratio in the calculation of the experimental economic benefit. But under the condition that the fertilizer dosage is reduced by 25 percent, the treatment of applying the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer still shows better yield-increasing effect compared with the conventional fertilization.
5.4 tests prove that the facultative anaerobic bio-organic fertilizer jointly developed by the soil fertilizer workstation in Jingjing city applied to rice, the microbial research institute in higher specialty schools in Jingjing medicine and the development Limited company in Jingjing Feng Duoyang has better yield-increasing and income-increasing effects, and can be applied to local rice in an enlarged demonstration mode. However, only by single-group and single-season test results, the whole efficacy of the fertilizer product cannot be comprehensively reflected, and further test demonstration needs to be carried out on multiple crops at multiple points for multiple years, so that the yield increasing and income increasing effects are further verified.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, strain selection: selecting a plurality of facultative anaerobic bacteria which can be rapidly propagated under aerobic condition and can also be grown and propagated in the anaerobic environment of the paddy field, combining according to a certain proportion,
step two, activating and purifying strains;
step three, liquid shaking table enlarging culture;
step four, preparing solid bacterial powder;
and step five, preparing the facultative anaerobic biological fertilizer.
2. The facultative anaerobe bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein said facultative anaerobe bio-fertilizer is applied in rice field.
3. The facultative anaerobe bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein said bacterial species are specifically: denitrifying bacteria: lactobacillus plantarum: rhodopseudomonas palustris: bacillus coagulans: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus cereus: the bacillus polymyxa comprises the following strains in parts by weight: lactobacillus plantarum: rhodopseudomonas palustris: bacillus coagulans: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus cereus: paenibacillus polymyxa 1:1:1:1: 1;
wherein, rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus coagulans, bacillus licheniformis and denitrifying bacteria are purchased strains, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus cereus and paenibacillus polymyxa are separated from the interior of the plant and are plant endophytes.
4. The facultative anaerobe bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein, in the second step, activation and purification of bacterial species; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the 7 facultative anaerobes are respectively inoculated to a nutrigentagar culture medium: pepton5g, Beefextract 30g, NaCl 5g, Agar 15g, dH2O to 1000mL, pH: 7.0-7.2 or LB medium: 10g of Tryptone, 5g of Yeast extract and 10g of NaCl, adding dH2O to 1000mL of the solution with the pH value of 7.0, carrying out streak culture, and placing the solution in a constant temperature incubator at 30 ℃ for 1-2 days.
5. The facultative anaerobe bio-fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the liquid shake culture in step three is specifically: selecting a single colony of each facultative anaerobic bacterium, inoculating the single colony into a prepared Nutrient liquid culture medium, and culturing for 30 hours in a shaking way under the conditions that the temperature is 30 ℃ and the rotating speed is 200 rpm.
6. The facultative anaerobe bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein said step four, preparation of solid bacterial powder; uniformly mixing rice flour, bran and bean flour according to a mass ratio of 65:35:10, adding 0.10% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and adjusting the initial pH value to 7.5; then adding water, and adjusting the initial water content to 55%; sterilizing to prepare a culture material; sequentially inoculating each strain of the liquid culture into the culture material, wherein the inoculation amount is 10 percent of the total mass; culturing at 30 deg.C for 5-8 days, taking out, and kneading.
7. The facultative anaerobic bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the step five, the preparation of facultative anaerobic bio-fertilizer is specifically: mixing 7 prepared facultative anaerobe solid fungus powders into 5 kilograms of wheat bran or rice bran per kilogram respectively, culturing for 1 to 2 days at the fermentation temperature of 30 ℃ and the water content of 55 percent, then adding 1 ton of decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly mixing, culturing for 5 to 8 days at the fermentation temperature of 35 ℃, timely turning when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, and spreading for heat dissipation; preparing the facultative anaerobe biological fertilizer.
8. The facultative anaerobe bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in order to avoid the seven types of bacteria from antagonizing each other, the liquid culture is followed by solid culture, then stirring is further followed by composting, the temperature is raised to 38-42 ℃, and the temperature is reduced by turning the pile to propagate the strains.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115067362A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-09-20 | 湖南省植物保护研究所 | Sterilization composition containing rhodopseudomonas palustris and tricyclazole |
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| CN104761385A (en) * | 2015-04-11 | 2015-07-08 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Multifunctional microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115067362A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-09-20 | 湖南省植物保护研究所 | Sterilization composition containing rhodopseudomonas palustris and tricyclazole |
| CN115067362B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2023-08-11 | 湖南省植物保护研究所 | Sterilization composition containing rhodopseudomonas palustris and tricyclazole |
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