CN112479759A - Microbial decomposition agent and organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil - Google Patents

Microbial decomposition agent and organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil Download PDF

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CN112479759A
CN112479759A CN202011364723.1A CN202011364723A CN112479759A CN 112479759 A CN112479759 A CN 112479759A CN 202011364723 A CN202011364723 A CN 202011364723A CN 112479759 A CN112479759 A CN 112479759A
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parts
organic fertilizer
decomposition agent
microbial decomposition
microbial
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张世宏
黄玉茜
李壮
梁月
陈丽娜
李凤兰
涂墙
姜雪峰
梁飞
何流琴
李柱刚
李佳佳
孙照勇
刘中珊
冯艳忠
董文君
刘乃兵
董庆峰
李淑敏
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Shenyang Agricultural University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial decomposition agent and an organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil. The preparation process of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: 1) firstly, adding a decomposition agent into clear water to mix into a suspension, uniformly spraying the suspension on the surfaces of organic fertilizer particles, and controlling the water content of the organic fertilizer particles to be less than or equal to 20%; 2) storing the organic fertilizer particles treated in the step (1) at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, and placing the organic fertilizer particles in a shade place for drying when white hyphae grow on the surfaces of the organic fertilizer particles; 3) and when the white hypha turns black, obtaining the organic fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil. The microbial decomposition agent can increase microorganisms in the organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer treated by the microbial decomposition agent can promote the growth of crops planted in saline-alkali soil, reduce the pH value of the saline-alkali soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.

Description

Microbial decomposition agent and organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, and particularly relates to a microbial decomposition agent and an organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil.
Background
Saline-alkali soil is a general name of various saline-alkali soil, and a large amount of weakly acidic anions (CO) exist in the saline-alkali soil3 2-、HCO3 1-) And a large amount of monovalent cations (Na)+) The pH value is higher, the soil structure is poor, and the organic matter content is low. Thus, the native saline-alkali soil seriously affects the growth of the planted crops.
The organic fertilizer contains rich organic matters and nutrients required by crop growth, and when applied to saline-alkali soil, the organic fertilizer can increase the nutrients and organic matters in the soil, reduce the volume weight of the soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
Through the metabolism and activity of the soil microorganism, a large amount of organic acid and physiological active substances can be generated, so that absorbable and utilizable nutrition is provided for plants, the growth of crops is promoted, and the ecological environment of the crops is improved.
Therefore, the beneficial microbial preparation is developed, the existing organic fertilizer product is improved by utilizing the beneficial microbial preparation, and the improved organic fertilizer is applied to the saline-alkali soil, so that the beneficial microbial preparation has important significance for improving the saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microbial decomposition agent and an organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, which can increase the microbial content in the organic fertilizer and reduce the pH value of the saline-alkali soil.
In one aspect, the invention provides a microbial decay agent, which consists of aspergillus glaucus, albuterol, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, verticillium chlamydosporium and bacillus licheniformis.
Preferably, the microbial decomposition agent consists of 5-15 parts of aspergillus glaucus, 5-10 parts of stramenopile, 10-20 parts of aspergillus niger, 10-20 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 5-15 parts of verticillium chlamydosporia and 5-10 parts of bacillus licheniformis by weight.
Preferably, the microbial decomposition agent consists of 5 parts of aspergillus glaucus, 8 parts of albugo-brevicella, 17 parts of aspergillus niger, 13 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 12 parts of verticillium chlamydosporia and 5 parts of bacillus licheniformis by weight.
Preferably, the microbial decomposition agent consists of 11 parts of aspergillus glaucus, 6 parts of albugo-brevicella, 20 parts of aspergillus niger, 16 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 15 parts of verticillium chlamydosporia and 8 parts of bacillus licheniformis by weight.
Preferably, the microbial decomposition agent consists of 13 parts of aspergillus glaucus, 10 parts of albuterol, 13 parts of aspergillus niger, 10 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 5 parts of verticillium chlamydosporia and 10 parts of bacillus licheniformis by weight.
Preferably, the microbial decomposition agent consists of 15 parts of aspergillus glaucus, 5 parts of albugo-brevicella, 10 parts of aspergillus niger, 20 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 9 parts of verticillium chlamydosporia and 7 parts of bacillus licheniformis by weight.
On the other hand, the invention provides an organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, and the surface of the organic fertilizer is covered with the microbial decomposition agent.
Preferably, the preparation process of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding the microbial decomposition agent into clear water, stirring and mixing to obtain a suspension, uniformly spraying the suspension on the surfaces of organic fertilizer particles, and simultaneously controlling the water content of the organic fertilizer particles;
step 2, storing the organic fertilizer particles treated in the step 1 at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, and when white hyphae grow on the surfaces of the stored organic fertilizer particles, placing the organic fertilizer particles with the white hyphae on the surfaces in the shade for drying;
and 3, obtaining the organic fertilizer after the white hyphae turn black.
Preferably, 2-5kg of the microbial decomposition agent is sprayed on the surface of every 1000kg of the organic fertilizer particles, and the water content of the organic fertilizer particles is less than or equal to 20%.
The invention also provides application of the organic fertilizer, wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared according to the proportion of 450-2The application amount of the fertilizer is applied to the saline-alkali soil.
The microbial decomposition agent can increase the content of microorganisms in the organic fertilizer, and when the organic fertilizer is applied to the saline-alkali soil, the growth of crops planted in the saline-alkali soil can be promoted, the crop yield can be increased, the pH value of the saline-alkali soil can be reduced, and the soil physicochemical property and the ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil can be improved.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. It should be understood that the examples are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description, all methods involved are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified. The starting materials mentioned are all those which are commercially available from the public unless otherwise specified.
The microbial decay agent is prepared by mixing Aspergillus glauceus powder, Talaromyces flavus powder, Aspergillus niger powder, Trichoderma harzianum powder, Verticillium chlamydosporium powder and Bacillus licheniformis powder in certain proportion and mixing. After the microbial decomposition agent is sprayed on the surfaces of organic fertilizer particles, a microbial covering layer can be formed on the surfaces of the organic fertilizer particles, so that the microbial content in the organic fertilizer particles is increased. When the organic fertilizer is applied to the saline-alkali soil, the growth of crops planted in the saline-alkali soil can be promoted, the crop yield can be increased, the pH value of the saline-alkali soil can be reduced, and the soil physicochemical property and ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil can be improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the six bacterial powders constituting the microbial decomposition agent is preferably: 5-15 parts of aspergillus glaucus powder, 5-10 parts of ceruleus flavus powder, 10-20 parts of aspergillus niger powder, 10-20 parts of trichoderma harzianum powder, 5-15 parts of verticillium chlamydosporium powder and5-10 parts of bacillus licheniformis powder. The six bacterial powders can be prepared by self, on one hand, the bacillus licheniformis is fermented and cultured in corresponding liquid culture medium to obtain bacterial liquid, then the bacterial is separated from the fermentation culture, dried and concentrated to prepare single-strain solid bacterial powder, wherein the bacterial content of the bacillus licheniformis is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g. On the other hand, aspergillus glaucus, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum and verticillium chlamydosporium are fermented in corresponding solid culture media respectively to obtain solid cultures, and then the solid cultures are dried and crushed to prepare single-strain solid bacterial powder. The bacterial content of each single bacterial strain powder is respectively as follows: the bacteria content of Aspergillus glaucus is not less than 1.0 × 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the yellow blue fungus is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of Aspergillus niger is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterial content of Trichoderma harzianum is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of Verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
In another embodiment of the invention, the surface of the organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil is covered with the microbial decomposition agent. The specific preparation process of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding a microbial decomposition agent into clear water, stirring and mixing to obtain a suspension, uniformly spraying the suspension on the surfaces of organic fertilizer particles, and simultaneously controlling the water content of the organic fertilizer particles to be less than or equal to 20%. The dosage of the microbial decomposition agent is preferably 2-5kg of the microbial decomposition agent sprayed on the surface of each 1000kg of organic fertilizer particles.
And 2, storing the organic fertilizer particles treated in the step 1 at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, and when white hyphae grow on the surfaces of the stored organic fertilizer particles, placing the organic fertilizer particles with the white hyphae on the surfaces in a shade and drying.
And 3, when the white hyphae turn black, obtaining the organic fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil.
The invention also provides an application method of the organic fertilizer, which is 750kg/hm in terms of 450-2The application amount of the organic fertilizer is that the organic fertilizer is applied to the saline-alkali soil.
To help better understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the following examples are provided to illustrate the preparation process of the microbial decomposition agent of the present invention, the preparation process of the organic fertilizer coated with the microbial decomposition agent, and the application method of the organic fertilizer.
Example one
The microbial decomposition agent is prepared by mixing 5 parts of aspergillus glaucus powder, 8 parts of indigo blue bacterium powder, 17 parts of aspergillus niger powder, 13 parts of trichoderma harzianum powder, 12 parts of verticillium chlamydosporium powder and 5 parts of bacillus licheniformis powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the bacteria content of Aspergillus glaucus is not less than 1.0 × 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the yellow blue fungus is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of Aspergillus niger is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterial content of Trichoderma harzianum is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of Verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The microbial decomposition agent is prepared by the following steps.
1) Weighing raw materials of the strain powder, and respectively weighing aspergillus glaucus strain powder, ceruleus flavus strain powder, aspergillus niger strain powder, trichoderma harzianum strain powder, verticillium chlamydosporium strain powder and bacillus licheniformis strain powder according to a proportion relation.
2) And (3) mixing the raw material components, adding the bacterial powders weighed in the step (1) together, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the microbial decomposition agent 1.
The preparation process of the organic fertilizer 1 with the surface covered with the microbial decomposition agent 1 comprises the following steps:
1) adding the microbial decomposition agent 1 into clear water, stirring and mixing to obtain a suspension, uniformly spraying the suspension on the surfaces of organic fertilizer particles, and simultaneously controlling the water content of the organic fertilizer particles to be less than or equal to 20%. Wherein the dosage of the microbial decomposition agent 1 is 2kg of the microbial decomposition agent 1 applied in every 1000kg of organic fertilizer particles.
2) And (2) storing the organic fertilizer particles treated in the step (1) at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, and when white hyphae grow on the surfaces of the stored organic fertilizer particles, placing the organic fertilizer particles with the white hyphae on the surfaces in a shade place for drying.
3) When the white hyphae turn black, organic fertilizer 1 is obtained.
When the saline-alkali soil is improved, 450kg/hm is adopted2The organic fertilizer 1 is applied to the saline-alkali soil at the application amount of (1).
Example two
The microbial decomposition agent is prepared by mixing 11 parts by weight of aspergillus glaucus powder, 6 parts by weight of verticillium chrysosporium powder, 20 parts by weight of aspergillus niger powder, 16 parts by weight of trichoderma harzianum powder, 15 parts by weight of verticillium chlamydosporium powder and 8 parts by weight of bacillus licheniformis powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the bacteria content of Aspergillus glaucus is not less than 1.0 × 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the yellow blue fungus is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of Aspergillus niger is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterial content of Trichoderma harzianum is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of Verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The microbial decomposition agent is prepared by the following steps.
1) Weighing raw materials of the strain powder, and respectively weighing aspergillus glaucus strain powder, ceruleus flavus strain powder, aspergillus niger strain powder, trichoderma harzianum strain powder, verticillium chlamydosporium strain powder and bacillus licheniformis strain powder according to a proportion relation.
2) And (3) mixing the raw material components, adding the bacterial powders weighed in the step (1) together, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the microbial decomposition agent 2.
The preparation process of the organic fertilizer 2 with the surface covered with the microbial decomposition agent 2 comprises the following steps:
1) adding the microbial decomposition agent 2 into clear water, stirring and mixing to obtain a suspension, uniformly spraying the suspension on the surfaces of organic fertilizer particles, and simultaneously controlling the water content of the organic fertilizer particles to be less than or equal to 20%. Wherein the dosage of the microbial decomposition agent 2 is 3kg of the microbial decomposition agent 2 which is applied in combination with every 1000kg of organic fertilizer particles.
2) And (2) storing the organic fertilizer particles treated in the step (1) at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, and when white hyphae grow on the surfaces of the stored organic fertilizer particles, placing the organic fertilizer particles with the white hyphae on the surfaces in a shade place for drying.
3) When the white hypha turns black, organic fertilizer 2 is obtained.
When the saline-alkali soil is improved, the concentration is 510kg/hm2The organic fertilizer 2 is applied to the saline-alkali soil at the application amount of (2).
EXAMPLE III
The microbial decomposition agent is prepared by mixing 13 parts of aspergillus glaucus powder, 10 parts of verticillium chrysosporium powder, 13 parts of aspergillus niger powder, 10 parts of trichoderma harzianum powder, 5 parts of verticillium chlamydosporium powder and 10 parts of bacillus licheniformis powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the bacteria content of Aspergillus glaucus is not less than 1.0 × 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the yellow blue fungus is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of Aspergillus niger is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterial content of Trichoderma harzianum is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of Verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The microbial decomposition agent is prepared by the following steps.
1) Weighing raw materials of the strain powder, and respectively weighing aspergillus glaucus strain powder, ceruleus flavus strain powder, aspergillus niger strain powder, trichoderma harzianum strain powder, verticillium chlamydosporium strain powder and bacillus licheniformis strain powder according to a proportion relation.
2) And (3) mixing the raw material components, adding the bacterial powders weighed in the step (1) together, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the microbial decomposition agent 3.
The preparation process of the organic fertilizer 3 with the surface covered with the microbial decomposition agent 3 comprises the following steps:
1) adding the microbial decomposition agent 3 into clear water, stirring and mixing to obtain a suspension, uniformly spraying the suspension on the surfaces of organic fertilizer particles, and simultaneously controlling the water content of the organic fertilizer particles to be less than or equal to 20%. The dosage of the microbial decomposition agent 3 is 4kg of the microbial decomposition agent 3 which is applied in combination with every 1000kg of organic fertilizer particles.
2) And (2) storing the organic fertilizer particles treated in the step (1) at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, and when white hyphae grow on the surfaces of the stored organic fertilizer particles, placing the organic fertilizer particles with the white hyphae on the surfaces in a shade place for drying.
3) When the white hypha turns black, organic fertilizer 3 is obtained.
When the saline-alkali soil is improved, the concentration is 600kg/hm2The organic fertilizer 3 is applied to the saline-alkali soil at the application amount of (3).
Example four
The microbial decomposition agent is prepared by mixing 15 parts of aspergillus glaucus powder, 5 parts of verticillium chrysosporium powder, 10 parts of aspergillus niger powder, 20 parts of trichoderma harzianum powder, 9 parts of verticillium chlamydosporium powder and 7 parts of bacillus licheniformis powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the bacteria content of Aspergillus glaucus is not less than 1.0 × 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the yellow blue fungus is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of Aspergillus niger is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterial content of Trichoderma harzianum is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of Verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The microbial decomposition agent is prepared by the following steps.
1) Weighing raw materials of the strain powder, and respectively weighing aspergillus glaucus strain powder, ceruleus flavus strain powder, aspergillus niger strain powder, trichoderma harzianum strain powder, verticillium chlamydosporium strain powder and bacillus licheniformis strain powder according to a proportion relation.
2) And (3) mixing the raw material components, adding the bacterial powders weighed in the step (1) together, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the microbial decomposition agent 4.
The preparation process of the organic fertilizer 4 with the surface covered with the microbial decomposition agent 4 comprises the following steps:
1) adding the microbial decomposition agent 4 into clear water, stirring and mixing to obtain a suspension, uniformly spraying the suspension on the surfaces of organic fertilizer particles, and simultaneously controlling the water content of the organic fertilizer particles to be less than or equal to 20%. Wherein the dosage of the microbial decomposition agent 4 is 5kg of the microbial decomposition agent 4 which is matched with every 1000kg of organic fertilizer particles.
2) And (2) storing the organic fertilizer particles treated in the step (1) at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, and when white hyphae grow on the surfaces of the stored organic fertilizer particles, placing the organic fertilizer particles with the white hyphae on the surfaces in a shade place for drying.
3) When the white hyphae turn black, organic fertilizer 4 is obtained.
When the saline-alkali soil is improved, the concentration is 750kg/hm2The organic fertilizer 4 is applied to the saline-alkali soil at the application amount of (2).
In order to help better understand the technical scheme of the invention, a kidney bean planting test example is provided below for illustrating the application effect of the invention.
The first test example: effect of microbial decomposition accelerator on saline-alkali soil improvement and influence on kidney bean growth
The same saline-alkali field is selected in Daqing city of Heilongjiang province, the basic physicochemical property of field soil is pH value 8.68, the total amount of soil salt in a plough layer is 1.07g/kg, the content of organic matter is 34.15g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus amount is 6.15mg/kg, the quick-acting potassium amount is 280mg/kg, and the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen amount is 115 mg/kg. The organic fertilizer is particles prepared from decomposed and fermented cow dung, the pH value of the organic fertilizer particles is 7.50, the organic matter is 330.15g/kg, the total nitrogen is 29.10g/kg, the total phosphorus is 7.90g/kg, and the total potassium is 21.06 g/kg. And 5 groups of test designs comprise 4 test groups and 1 control group, each group of test designs comprises 3 test cells, each cell is provided with 5 ridges, the ridge width is 0.5cm, and the ridge length is 12 m. All test cells were randomly distributed.
The test group applies the organic fertilizer treated by the microbial decomposition agent, and the specific application method comprises the following steps: organic fertilizer particles prepared from decomposed cow dung are divided into 4 groups, and then microbial decomposition agents 1-microbial decomposition are respectively adopted for decompositionThe agent 4 is processed into organic fertilizer particles with black hypha on the surface, the processed organic fertilizer particles are uniformly scattered on the soil surface, and then soil preparation and sowing are carried out. The application amount of the organic fertilizer particles in the 4 test groups is 450kg/hm respectively2、510kg/hm2、600kg/hm2、750kg/hm2. The control group is applied with organic fertilizer particles which are not treated by the microbial decomposition agent, and the application amount is 750kg/hm2The rest of the procedures were performed in the same test group.
Selecting British red as a test variety according to 375kg/hm in late 5 months2Sowing seeds according to the sowing quantity, adopting the same conventional management for each district, and harvesting in the last 9 months. After kidney beans are harvested, 12 kidney beans with uniform growth vigor are taken from each cell, and the plant height, bottom pod height, stem thickness, single pod number, single grain number and single plant yield of 10 kidney beans are measured. The average plant height, average bottom pod height, average stem thickness, average individual pod number, average individual grain number, average individual yield of each group were calculated. And meanwhile, counting the kidney bean yield of each cell, and calculating the average cell kidney bean yield of each group. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002805083620000081
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the plant height, bottom pod height, stem thickness, pod number per plant, grain number per plant, yield per plant and yield of kidney beans in the plot of 4 groups of kidney beans treated by the microbial decomposition agent are all obviously higher than those of the control. Therefore, the organic fertilizer treated by the microbial decomposition agent 1-4 can obviously promote the growth of kidney beans and improve the yield of kidney beans.
In addition, after kidney beans are harvested, soil samples are taken from each cell, the pH, the total salt content, the organic matter content, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen amount, the quick-acting phosphorus amount and the quick-acting potassium amount of the soil are measured, and the average pH, the average total salt content, the average organic matter content, the average alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen amount, the average quick-acting phosphorus amount and the average quick-acting potassium amount of each group of soil are calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002805083620000082
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the pH and the total salt content of the 4 groups of kidney bean planting soil treated by the microbial decomposition agent are obviously lower than those of the control, and the organic matter content, the alkaline decomposition nitrogen content, the quick-acting phosphorus content and the quick-acting potassium content are all obviously higher than those of the control. Therefore, the organic fertilizer treated by the microbial decomposition agent 1-the microbial decomposition agent 4 can obviously reduce the pH value of the soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification, or any other related technical fields directly or indirectly, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A microbial decomposition agent comprises Aspergillus glaucus, Talaromyces flavum, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum, Verticillium chlamydosporium and Bacillus licheniformis.
2. The microbial decay agent according to claim 1, wherein: the microbial decomposition agent comprises, by weight, 5-15 parts of aspergillus glaucus, 5-10 parts of stramenopile, 10-20 parts of aspergillus niger, 10-20 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 5-15 parts of verticillium chlamydosporium and 5-10 parts of bacillus licheniformis.
3. The microbial decay agent according to claim 2, wherein: the microbial decomposition agent comprises 5 parts of aspergillus glaucus, 8 parts of albonococcum, 17 parts of aspergillus niger, 13 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 12 parts of verticillium chlamydosporium and 5 parts of bacillus licheniformis by weight.
4. The microbial decay agent according to claim 2, wherein: the microbial decomposition agent comprises 11 parts of aspergillus glaucus, 6 parts of albonococcum, 20 parts of aspergillus niger, 16 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 15 parts of verticillium chlamydosporium and 8 parts of bacillus licheniformis by weight.
5. The microbial decay agent according to claim 2, wherein: the microbial decomposition agent comprises 13 parts of aspergillus glaucus, 10 parts of albonococcum, 13 parts of aspergillus niger, 10 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 5 parts of verticillium chlamydosporium and 10 parts of bacillus licheniformis by weight.
6. The microbial decay agent according to claim 1, wherein: the microbial decomposition agent comprises 15 parts of aspergillus glaucus, 5 parts of albonococcum, 10 parts of aspergillus niger, 20 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 9 parts of verticillium chlamydosporium and 7 parts of bacillus licheniformis by weight.
7. An organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, which is characterized in that: the organic fertilizer surface is covered with the microbial decomposition agent of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. Organic fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: the preparation process of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding the microbial decomposition agent into clear water, stirring and mixing to obtain a suspension, uniformly spraying the suspension on the surfaces of organic fertilizer particles, and simultaneously controlling the water content of the organic fertilizer particles;
step 2, storing the organic fertilizer particles treated in the step 1 at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, and when white hyphae grow on the surfaces of the stored organic fertilizer particles, placing the organic fertilizer particles with the white hyphae on the surfaces in the shade for drying;
and 3, obtaining the organic fertilizer after the white hyphae turn black.
9. Organic fertilizer according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: 2-5kg of the microbial decomposition agent is sprayed on the surface of every 1000kg of the organic fertilizer particles, and the water content of the organic fertilizer particles is less than or equal to 20%.
10. The application of the organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9, which is characterized in that: the organic fertilizer is added according to the proportion of 450kg/hm2The application amount of the fertilizer is applied to the saline-alkali soil.
CN202011364723.1A 2020-11-27 2020-11-27 Microbial decomposition agent and organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil Pending CN112479759A (en)

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CN108203333A (en) * 2016-12-17 2018-06-26 营口富里实业有限公司 A kind of microbial manure in suitable salt-soda soil

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CN103436450A (en) * 2013-05-06 2013-12-11 吉林大学 Alkaline-tolerant and halophilic aspergillus strain and application thereof in environmental management
CN103710272A (en) * 2013-12-30 2014-04-09 青岛福瑞斯生物能源科技开发有限公司 Compound microorganism bacterium agent for aerobic fermentation of biogas residue and preparation method of bacterium agent
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