CN111220036B - Blasting method for pilot tunnel at lower section of vertical shaft water curtain roadway - Google Patents
Blasting method for pilot tunnel at lower section of vertical shaft water curtain roadway Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111220036B CN111220036B CN202010113379.2A CN202010113379A CN111220036B CN 111220036 B CN111220036 B CN 111220036B CN 202010113379 A CN202010113379 A CN 202010113379A CN 111220036 B CN111220036 B CN 111220036B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hole
- holes
- blasting
- auxiliary
- explosive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a blasting method for a pilot tunnel at the lower section of a vertical shaft water curtain roadway, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a central hole is arranged, and a slotted hole group, an auxiliary hole group and a blasting hole group are sequentially arranged outside the central hole in a surrounding mode, wherein the auxiliary hole group comprises a plurality of auxiliary holes, the connecting line of the adjacent auxiliary holes defines a virtual rhombus with the central hole as the center, the blasting hole group comprises a plurality of blasting holes which are equidistant from the central hole, and the slotted hole group comprises a plurality of slotted holes which are equidistant from the central hole; and filling explosives in the cut hole, the auxiliary hole and the blasting hole, sealing, detonating, and repeating the steps until the pilot hole is formed. The shaping of this application pilot hole is better, and is low to the requirement of drilling precision. The operation technology is simple, the blasting mode is easy, and the technical requirements on blasting participants are low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of shaft drilling, in particular to a blasting method for a guide tunnel at the lower section of a shaft water curtain roadway.
Background
The common methods for vertical shaft construction mainly comprise a positive well method and a reverse well enlarging and digging method. The method has the advantages of high safety risk, slow progress, serious groundwater loss and the like in the construction of the positive well method, and is rarely used in underground water seal cave depot engineering. When the raise-boring method is used for construction, a raise boring machine is generally used for drilling a pilot hole in a vertical shaft. In order to put auxiliary ventilation into the vertical shaft as early as possible during the excavation of the main cavern and improve the working environment in the main cavern, the water curtain roadway is connected with the middle lower part of the vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft above the water curtain can be constructed as early as possible through the working surface raise boring machine provided by the water curtain roadway. However, the lower section of the water curtain has a narrow water curtain tunnel section, so that the raise boring machine is inconvenient to operate, the operation time of a vertical shaft which can be provided by the lower main chamber is limited, and pilot tunnel excavation is a problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a blasting method for a pilot tunnel at the lower section of a water curtain roadway of a vertical shaft, which has high construction speed and good forming effect.
11. In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides the following scheme: a blasting method for a guide tunnel at the lower section of a vertical shaft water curtain roadway comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a central hole at the position of a pilot hole to be excavated, and arranging an underholing group, an auxiliary hole group and a blasting hole group on the outer side of the central hole in a surrounding manner from inside to outside in sequence, wherein the auxiliary hole group comprises a plurality of auxiliary holes, the connecting lines of the adjacent auxiliary holes are defined as a virtual rhombus with the central hole as the center, the blasting hole group comprises a plurality of blasting holes with equal distances from the central hole, and the underholing group comprises a plurality of underholing holes with equal distances from the central hole;
and S2, filling explosive in the cut holes, the auxiliary holes and the blasting holes in a segmented manner, sealing and then detonating until the pilot holes are formed.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the blast holes are arranged at equal intervals.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: at least 4 cut holes are formed, and the distance between each cut hole and the central hole is 30 cm; the number of the auxiliary holes is at least 8, the short diagonal line of the virtual rhombus is 128cm, and the long diagonal line of the virtual rhombus is 148 cm; the number of the blast holes is at least 16, the blast holes are arranged at equal intervals, and the distance between each blast hole and the center hole is 1 m.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the central hole is 190mm, the diameter of the cut hole, the diameter of the auxiliary hole and the diameter of the blasting hole are 90mm, and a down-the-hole drill is adopted for drilling.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the explosive comprises an explosive column, the explosive column comprises three emulsion explosives which are mutually connected side by side, the diameter of each emulsion explosive is 32mm, the length of each emulsion explosive is 30cm, and a non-electric millisecond detonator is arranged at the bottom of the explosive column.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the explosive column is suspended at the bottom end of the explosion guide hole, and only the upper part of the explosive column is sealed in the step S2.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the step S2 is repeated for a total of ten segments.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: in the process of repeating the step S2, the first to third sections are filled with explosive charges through the bottom of the pilot hole, the detonation depth takes up 1/6 of the length of the pilot hole, the fourth to ninth sections are filled with explosive charges through the upper end of the pilot hole, the detonation depth takes up 2/3 of the length of the pilot hole, and the tenth and eleventh sections are filled with explosive charges through the upper end of the pilot hole, and the detonation size takes up 1/6 of the length of the pilot hole.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, performing primary bolting and shotcreting after each section of the explosive is detonated.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: step S0 is further included before the step S1, a leveling layer is poured at the position where the pilot tunnel is to be arranged, and the surface flatness of the leveling layer is controlled to be 1 per mill.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the shaping of this application pilot hole is better, and is low to the requirement of drilling precision. The operation technology is simple, the blasting mode is easy, and the technical requirements on blasting participators are low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a shaft in the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall process flow in the example of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a borehole in the present application;
reference numerals are as follows: pilot tunnel 1, main cavern 2, water curtain tunnel 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the appended drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art may better understand and practice the present invention.
The following discloses many different embodiments or examples for implementing the subject technology described. The following description sets forth specific examples of one or more permutations of various features for the purpose of simplifying the disclosure, but the examples should not be construed as limiting the invention, and a second feature set forth later in the specification may be connected to the first feature in a manner that includes both the direct connection and the formation of additional features, and further may include the use of one or more additional intervening features to indirectly connect or combine the second feature and the first feature with each other so that the second feature and the first feature may not be directly connected.
In the embodiment of the present application, a specific structure of a shaft with an underground depth of 183 m and a clear hole diameter of 6 m is illustrated in fig. 1, where K0+ X-K0 + Y denotes the part of the shaft from X to Y m, and an overall work flow diagram of the present application is illustrated in fig. 2, and specifically includes the following steps:
the construction method of the part above the water curtain roadway 3 comprises the following steps:
operating sections K0+ 000-K0 +030 of a vertical shaft to excavate by a positive well method; constructing sections K0+ 030-K0 +153 by adopting a reverse well expanding excavation method; k0+153 ~ K0+159 section passes water curtain tunnel 3 sections for the shaft, adopts horizontal tunnel drilling and blasting method excavation, and water curtain tunnel 3 gets into water curtain tunnel 3 through the construction tunnel setting that sets up from the ground, again from water curtain tunnel 3 entering shaft section. Wherein the construction roadway is an inclined shaft, the water curtain roadway 3 is a flat hole, and the bottom main cavern 2 can be constructed and arranged by the construction roadway beside the vertical shaft.
The following construction methods of the water curtain roadway 3 are as follows:
in the embodiment of the application, the sections K0+ 159-K0 +183 are the following parts of the water curtain roadway 3, the construction is carried out by adopting the method, and specifically, the embodiment of the blasting method of the lower section pilot tunnel 1 of the vertical shaft water curtain roadway 3 comprises the following steps:
and S0, in order to ensure the drilling precision, C30 concrete is used for pouring a leveling layer at the position of the vertical shaft K0+159 where the pilot hole 1 needs to be arranged, and the surface flatness of the leveling layer is controlled to be 1 per thousand.
S1, drilling a central hole at the position of a pilot hole 1 to be arranged, wherein the position of the pilot hole 1 is shown in figure 1 and is between a main cavern 2 and a water curtain roadway 3, the position of the pilot hole is shown in D0 in figure 3, a cutting hole group, an auxiliary hole group and a blast hole group are arranged outside the central hole in sequence in a surrounding mode, the auxiliary hole group comprises a plurality of auxiliary holes, the connecting line of adjacent auxiliary holes is limited to be a virtual rhombus with the central hole as the center, the blast hole group comprises a plurality of blast holes at equal intervals from the central hole, and the cutting hole group comprises a plurality of cutting holes at equal intervals from the central hole.
Wherein, the number of the cut holes is at least 4, as shown in D1-D4 in figure 3, the cut holes are 30cm away from the central hole; at least 8 auxiliary holes are formed, as shown in D5-D12 in FIG. 3, the short diagonal line of the virtual rhombus is 128cm, and the long diagonal line of the virtual rhombus is 148 cm; at least 16 blast holes are provided, as shown in D13 to D28 in fig. 3, the blast holes are arranged at equal intervals, and the distance from the blast holes to the center hole is 1 m. Furthermore, all adopt the equidistant setting between the adjacent blast hole.
The central hole can be drilled by a crawler-type down-the-hole drill with the model ZGYX430E by adopting a phi 190mm drill bit, the measurement precision is controlled within 0.5 percent, and the rest blast holes, auxiliary holes and cut holes can be formed by drilling by a down-the-hole drill (with the model ZGYX410F) by adopting a phi 90mm drill bit at one time and are drilled from the vertical shaft K0+159 to be communicated with the top of the main chamber 2 from top to bottom.
This application sets up the centre bore in order to do benefit to the rock breakage, forms and constantly expands the promotion effect to the radial crack of rock, can provide certain appearance sediment space for broken, expanded rock simultaneously, is favorable to the hole sediment to fall freely.
And S2, filling explosive in the cut hole, the auxiliary hole and the blasting hole in a segmented mode, and detonating until the expanding excavation is completed.
In one embodiment, the explosive comprises an explosive column and a non-electric millisecond detonator, the explosive column is formed by binding three side-by-side emulsion explosives, the diameter of a single emulsion explosive is 32mm, and the length of the single emulsion explosive is 30 cm. After charging, the hole is firstly filled with water to fully wet the hole wall, then the thin slurry is poured from the hole opening, the height of the slurry is not suitable to be less than 1m, and then the fine sand is poured from the hole opening, and the height of the fine sand is not suitable to be less than 1 m. And filling water into the hole, and completing plugging. If the water injected into the hole flows away from the bottom of the hole, the mud and the fine sand need to be injected into the hole again until the water can fill the hole.
The blasting parameters of the present application are shown in the following table:
preferably, in order to ensure the detonation effect, 2 millisecond detonators can be placed when each section is filled with explosives, and the explosive cartridges are connected in series by detonating cords.
In one embodiment, step S2 has ten segments, and pilot hole 1 is completed by eleven segments of blasting.
Specifically, taking the embodiment of the present application as an example, the pilot hole 1 needs to be excavated by 24 meters, and the average footage is about 2.2m each time, the first to third sections are filled with explosive through the bottom of the pilot hole 1, the detonation footage occupies 1/6 of the length of the pilot hole 1, that is, the average footage is 1.3m each time, the fourth to ninth sections are filled with explosive through the upper end of the pilot hole 1, the detonation footage occupies 2/3 of the length of the pilot hole 1, that is, the average footage is 2.7m each time, the tenth and eleventh sections are filled with explosive through the upper end of the pilot hole 1, and the detonation recommended size occupies 1/6 of the length of the pilot hole 1, that is, the average footage is 1.9m each time.
Wherein, every time of blasting, anchor-spraying support is needed.
This application is applicable to within the degree of depth 60m, and the underground water seal cave depot engineering shaft pilot tunnel 1 excavation within the diameter 3m, compares with prior art, and the 1 degree of depth of pilot tunnel is big, and the scope of adaptation project is great. Compared with a raise boring machine for drilling pilot holes 1, the method has the advantages of low cost and high speed.
This application is through the segmentation fractional blasting, and pilot tunnel 1 blasting shaping is good, is favorable to the rock mass groundwater protection of secret water seal cave depot. And the primary blasting length is not more than 3m, so that the problems that the blast slag is mutually extruded to block the pilot tunnel 1 and the subsequent treatment is difficult can not occur after blasting.
In addition, the detonator used in the application is a common non-electric millisecond detonator, a non-electric millisecond detonator with high precision, an electronic digital detonator and other less common detonators are not needed, and the requirement on detonation is low.
The shaping of this application pilot hole 1 is better, and is low to the requirement of drilling precision. The operation technology is simple, the blasting mode is easy, and the technical requirements on blasting participators are low.
This application has the adoption to hang the explosive, consequently need not block up to the hole bottom of blasting hole, auxiliary hole and cut hole to can reduce the stifled hole degree of difficulty.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A blasting method for a pilot tunnel at the lower section of a vertical shaft water curtain roadway comprises the following steps:
step S1, arranging a central hole at the position of a pilot hole to be excavated, and arranging an undermined hole group, an auxiliary hole group and a blast hole group in sequence from inside to outside on the outer side of the central hole in a surrounding manner, wherein the auxiliary hole group comprises a plurality of auxiliary holes, the connecting lines of the adjacent auxiliary holes jointly define a virtual rhombus with the central hole as the center, the blast hole group comprises a plurality of blast holes with equal distances from the central hole, the undermined hole group comprises a plurality of undermined holes with equal distances from the central hole, the undermined holes are at least 4 undermined holes, the undermined holes are 30cm away from the central hole, the auxiliary holes are at least 8 auxiliary holes, the short diagonal line of the virtual rhombus is 128cm, the long diagonal line of the virtual rhombus is 148cm, the blast holes are at least 16, and the distance from the blast holes to the central hole is 1 m;
step S2, filling explosives in the cut holes, the auxiliary holes and the blasting holes in a segmented mode, and detonating until pilot holes are formed; after the explosive is filled, water is poured into each cut hole, each auxiliary hole and each blasting hole to fully wet the hole wall, then slurry is poured from the hole opening, fine sand is poured from the hole opening, and finally water is filled into the holes to finish plugging.
2. The method for blasting the pilot tunnel at the lower section of the vertical shaft water curtain roadway, according to claim 1, wherein adjacent blast holes are arranged at equal intervals.
3. The method for blasting the pilot tunnel at the lower section of the water curtain roadway of the vertical shaft according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the diameter of the central hole is 190mm, and the diameter of each of the cut hole, the auxiliary hole and the blast hole is 90mm, and the cut hole, the auxiliary hole and the blast hole are drilled by a down-the-hole drill.
4. The method for blasting the pilot tunnel in the lower section of the vertical shaft water curtain roadway, according to claim 1, wherein the explosive comprises an explosive column, the explosive column comprises three emulsion explosives which are connected side by side, the diameter of each emulsion explosive is 32mm, the length of each emulsion explosive is 30cm, and a non-electric millisecond detonator is arranged at the bottom of the explosive column.
5. The method for blasting the pilot tunnel of the lower section of the shaft water curtain roadway according to claim 4, wherein the explosive columns are respectively suspended at the cut holes, the auxiliary holes and the bottom ends of the blast holes, and only the upper part of the explosive columns is sealed in step S2.
6. The method for blasting the pilot tunnel at the lower section of the water curtain roadway of the vertical shaft of claim 1, wherein the step S2 is divided into eleven sections.
7. The method for blasting the pilot tunnel in the lower section of the shaft water curtain roadway, according to claim 6, wherein in the process of repeating the step S2, the first to third sections are filled with explosive through the bottom of the pilot tunnel, the detonation depth is 1/6 of the length of the pilot tunnel, the fourth to ninth sections are filled with explosive through the upper end of the pilot tunnel, the detonation depth is 2/3 of the length of the pilot tunnel, and the tenth and tenth sections are filled with explosive through the upper end of the pilot tunnel, and the detonation depth is 1/6 of the length of the pilot tunnel.
8. The method for blasting the pilot tunnel at the lower section of the shaft water curtain roadway, according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, anchor-spraying support is performed once after each section of the explosive is detonated.
9. The method for blasting the pilot hole in the lower section of the water curtain roadway of the shaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 is preceded by a step S0 of pouring a leveling layer at the position where the pilot hole is to be arranged, and the surface flatness of the leveling layer is controlled to be 1 ‰.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010113379.2A CN111220036B (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2020-02-24 | Blasting method for pilot tunnel at lower section of vertical shaft water curtain roadway |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010113379.2A CN111220036B (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2020-02-24 | Blasting method for pilot tunnel at lower section of vertical shaft water curtain roadway |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111220036A CN111220036A (en) | 2020-06-02 |
| CN111220036B true CN111220036B (en) | 2022-07-26 |
Family
ID=70827157
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010113379.2A Active CN111220036B (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2020-02-24 | Blasting method for pilot tunnel at lower section of vertical shaft water curtain roadway |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111220036B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115929281A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-07 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Water curtain drilling and laying method for underground water seal cave depot |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103940309A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-23 | 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 | Underground-blasting shaft forming method |
| CN104482815A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Tunnel smooth blasting method |
| CN104613830A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-05-13 | 招金矿业股份有限公司夏甸金矿 | One-time-formed smooth blasting method for laneway |
-
2020
- 2020-02-24 CN CN202010113379.2A patent/CN111220036B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103940309A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-23 | 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 | Underground-blasting shaft forming method |
| CN104482815A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Tunnel smooth blasting method |
| CN104613830A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-05-13 | 招金矿业股份有限公司夏甸金矿 | One-time-formed smooth blasting method for laneway |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 竖井反井钻井法在地下水封洞库工程中的应用;郭得福等;《隧道建设》;20211031;第32卷(第5期);第709-712页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111220036A (en) | 2020-06-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103306679B (en) | " ︱ type " scope of freedom slotting simultaneous shaft sin king technique | |
| CN109341449B (en) | Sectional control blasting well completion method for one-time rock drilling of large-section high raise | |
| CN104532818A (en) | Treatment method for strip mine goaf | |
| CN111912307B (en) | Blasting excavation method for V-level surrounding rock large-section granite tunnel | |
| CN106089212B (en) | Hard rock quickly digs courtyard blasting design method | |
| CN108343455A (en) | Binary channels underground chamber construction method | |
| CN110656939B (en) | Large-stage efficient mining method for steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body meeting water argillization surrounding rock | |
| CN108798672B (en) | A kind of mining methods for the area's ore high-efficiency mining that collapses greatly | |
| CN113187486B (en) | Deep well non-coal pillar gob-side entry driving method and formed roadway | |
| CN111058847B (en) | Continuous large-aperture deep hole blasting mechanized mining method for thick and large ore body | |
| CN112796758A (en) | High-segmentation non-cutting raise broaching and medium-length hole stage open stoping subsequent filling mining method | |
| CN104613831A (en) | Construction method for additionally forming periphery auxiliary holes in periphery of vertical shaft periphery hole | |
| CN107060773B (en) | A kind of underground chamber drilling and blasting method damping excavation method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation | |
| CN106761745A (en) | The outer sublevel open stope method of arteries and veins | |
| CN210486685U (en) | Rhombus major diameter hole straight hole undercut structure | |
| CN109539915B (en) | Cutting raise blasting construction method | |
| CN113686215B (en) | Rock roadway large-diameter double-hole charging accurate time-delay hole-by-hole vertical cut blasting method | |
| CN111220036B (en) | Blasting method for pilot tunnel at lower section of vertical shaft water curtain roadway | |
| CN110778317A (en) | Construction method for ground grouting filling drilling structure in caving zone in mining process | |
| CN210741274U (en) | Construction structure for rapid well formation by deep hole blasting | |
| US4135450A (en) | Method of underground mining | |
| CN113047836B (en) | Goaf isolated ore pillar safe stoping method | |
| CN112945035B (en) | Construction method for pre-splitting blasting excavation of middle and lower layers of diversion tunnel | |
| CN114719694A (en) | Tunnel section hole distribution structure close to existing shield zone and blasting method | |
| CN109595000B (en) | Metal mine blind shaft pre-grouting engineering chamber group arrangement mode |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |