CN104613830A - One-time-formed smooth blasting method for laneway - Google Patents
One-time-formed smooth blasting method for laneway Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of laneway blasting, and particularly relates to a one-time-formed smooth blasting method for a laneway. The method comprises the steps of firstly tunneling into the rock stratum, then laying out breaking-in holes, brukup boreholes and periphery holes, and detonating in sequence after powder charging. According to the method, the rhombic and square combined arrangement mode is adopted, the mutual clamping action among rocks during blasting of all sections can be weakened effectively, regular underholes can be formed, and larger compensation space is provided for subsequent large-scale breaking. According to the method, drill bits of different specifications do not need to be prepared for rock drilling, the underholing process and the blasting network design are advanced, the clamping action among the periphery holes during blasting is lowered, and smooth blasting is achieved; no root is left on the bottom edge of the laneway, the secondary repair amount of the laneway is reduced, the safety and the stability of the laneway are improved greatly, the laneway is formed at a time, labor productivity is improved, and construction progress and construction quality are guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tunnel blasting technical field, particularly relate to a kind of tunnel one-shot forming smooth blasting method.
Background technology
In metal mine opening driving process, adopt full cross section excavation often cannot ensure photoface exploision quality, although adopt post forming to realize photoface exploision, but greatly reduce labor productivity and construction speed, and traditional driving method when rock drilling because snubber needs to change the drill bit of different model, complex procedures, therefore one-shot forming smooth Surface Blasting Technology in tunnel has become restriction mine construction quality and a bottleneck synchronously getting both of construction speed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, a kind of tunnel one-shot forming smooth blasting method is provided.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of tunnel one-shot forming smooth blasting method, comprises driving rock stratum, carries out as follows:
(1) layout setting explosion eye: determine centre cut eye A1 on rock stratum, arrange ground floor snubber in A1 periphery, arranges second layer snubber in ground floor snubber periphery, arranges third layer snubber in second layer snubber periphery; Ground floor avalanche eye is set in third layer snubber periphery, second layer avalanche eye is set in ground floor avalanche eye periphery, third layer avalanche eye is set in second layer avalanche eye periphery, the 4th layer of avalanche eye is set in third layer avalanche eye periphery; The 4th layer of avalanche eye periphery, one deck periphery hole is set;
(2) powder charge: to the centre cut eye A1 of step (1), second layer snubber, third layer snubber, ground floor avalanche eye, second layer avalanche eye, third layer avalanche eye, the 4th layer of avalanche eye and periphery hole powder charge;
(3) ignite: ignite snubber, avalanche eye and periphery hole successively.
Wherein, the ground floor snubber described in step (1) comprises A2-A7, and described second layer snubber comprises A8-A11, and described third layer snubber comprises A12-A15; Described ground floor avalanche eye comprises B16-B21, and described second layer avalanche eye comprises B22-B27, and described third layer avalanche eye comprises B28-B33, B40 and B56-B58, and described 4th layer of avalanche eye comprises B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44, B54 and B55; Described periphery hole comprises C34, C35, C38, C42, C45-C53.
The line of described ground floor snubber A2-A7 take A1 as the circular layout in the center of circle; The line of described second layer snubber A8-A11 is that center of circle diamondwise is arranged with A1; The line of described third layer snubber A12-A15 is that center of circle quadrate is arranged with A1; The line of described ground floor avalanche eye B16, B18, B19 and B21 take A1 as the orthogonal layout in the center of circle, and described ground floor avalanche eye B17 is arranged on the line mid point of B16 and B18, and described ground floor avalanche eye B20 is arranged on the line mid point of B19 and B21; The line of the described second layer avalanche eye B22, B24, B25 and B27 take A1 as the orthogonal layout in the center of circle, and described second layer avalanche eye B23 is arranged on the line mid point of B22 and B24, and described second layer avalanche eye B26 is arranged on the line mid point of B27 and B25; The line of described third layer avalanche eye B28-B33, B40 and B56-B58 is that the center of circle becomes heptagon to arrange with A1; The octagon that is wired to of described 4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44, B54 and B55 is arranged; The arch that is wired to of described periphery hole C34, C46-C53 is arranged, described periphery hole C34 and C35, C38 are on the vertical straight line of same, and described periphery hole C46 and C45, C42 are on the vertical straight line of same.
The described second layer snubber A9, A11, ground floor avalanche eye B17, B20, the second layer avalanche eye B23, B26, third layer avalanche eye B29, B32, the line of the 4th layer of avalanche eye B36, B44 ten explosion eyes is through centre cut eye A1; Described third layer avalanche eye B57, B56, B58, periphery hole C34, C46 five explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described ground floor avalanche eye B16, B21, the second layer avalanche eye B22, B27, third layer avalanche eye B28, B33, periphery hole C35, C45 eight explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described ground floor avalanche eye B18, B19, the second layer avalanche eye B24, B25, third layer avalanche eye B30, B31, the 4th layer of avalanche eye B37, B43 eight explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described third layer avalanche eye B40, the 4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, periphery hole C38, C42 five explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described periphery hole C34, C46-C53 are evenly arranged in the arcuate profile of rock stratum.
Explosive payload described in step (2) is respectively: often rolling up explosive is 0.2 kilogram, and centre cut eye A1 loads 10 volume explosives; Second layer snubber A8-A11 and third layer snubber A12-A15 is respectively charged into 7 volume explosives; Ground floor avalanche eye B16-B21, second layer avalanche eye B22-B27 and third layer avalanche eye B28-B33, B56-B58 are respectively charged into 6 volume explosives; Periphery hole C34, C35, C38, C42, C45, C46, the 4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44 and third layer avalanche eye B40 are respectively charged into 5 volume explosives; 4th layer of avalanche eye B54, B55 are respectively charged into 4 volume explosives; Periphery hole C47-C53 is respectively charged into 2 volume explosives.
Ignition order described in step (3) is: ignite centre cut eye A1 successively, second layer snubber A8 and A10, second layer snubber A9 and A11, third layer snubber A12-A15, ground floor avalanche eye B17 and B20, ground floor avalanche eye B16, B18, B19 and B21, second layer avalanche eye B22-B27, third layer avalanche eye B28-B33, B40, B56, B57 and B58,4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44, B54 and B55, periphery hole C34, C35, C38, C42 and C45-C53.
Wherein, all explosives in described explosion eye, are detonated by detonator detonation mode, adopt segmentation short-delay blasting mode to carry out smooth controlled blasting.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention adopts rhombus and square combined layout mode, mutual clamping action when effectively can weaken each section of explosion between rock, is conducive to forming regular slotting, for the extensive avalanche of lower step provides larger compensation space.This method does not need the drill bit preparing different size to carry out rock drilling, slotting technique and blasting network advanced design, clamping action when reducing explosion between periphery hole, realize photoface exploision, nation at the bottom of tunnel, not at the bottom of retained root, decreases tunnel secondary reparation amount, significantly promote Roadway Safety and stability, one-shot forming, improves labor productivity, ensure that construction speed and construction quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the tunnel blasting of the embodiment of the present invention 1 arranges schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the explosion eye line schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
In figure, A1-centre cut eye; A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7-ground floor snubber; A8, A9, A10, A11-second layer snubber; A12, A13, A14, A15-third layer snubber; B16, B17, B18, B19, B20, B21-ground floor avalanche eye; B22, B23, B24, B25, B26, B27-second layer avalanche eye; B28, B29, B30, B31, B32, B33, B40, B56, B57, B58-third layer avalanche eye; B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44, B54 and B55-4th layer avalanche eye; C34, C35, C38, C42, C45, C46, C47, C48, C49, C50, C51, C52, C53-periphery hole.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with example and accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment driving rock stratum section is wide 4.5m, high 3.6m, and controlling each explosion eyelet is 2.5m deeply.
A kind of tunnel one-shot forming smooth blasting method, first tunnels rock stratum, then carries out as follows:
(1) layout setting explosion eye: determine centre cut eye A1 on rock stratum, arrange ground floor snubber in A1 periphery, arranges second layer snubber in ground floor snubber periphery, arranges third layer snubber in second layer snubber periphery; Ground floor avalanche eye is set in third layer snubber periphery, second layer avalanche eye is set in ground floor avalanche eye periphery, third layer avalanche eye is set in second layer avalanche eye periphery, the 4th layer of avalanche eye is set in third layer avalanche eye periphery; The 4th layer of avalanche eye periphery, one deck periphery hole is set;
(2) powder charge: to the centre cut eye A1 of step (1), second layer snubber, third layer snubber, ground floor avalanche eye, second layer avalanche eye, third layer avalanche eye, the 4th layer of avalanche eye and periphery hole powder charge; Ground floor snubber is slotting compensation space, not blasting charge;
(3) ignite: ignite snubber, avalanche eye and periphery hole successively.
Wherein, the ground floor snubber described in step (1) comprises A2-A7, and described second layer snubber comprises A8-A11, and described third layer snubber comprises A12-A15; Described ground floor avalanche eye comprises B16-B21, and described second layer avalanche eye comprises B22-B27, and described third layer avalanche eye comprises B28-B33, B40 and B56-B58, and described 4th layer of avalanche eye comprises B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44, B54 and B55; Described periphery hole comprises C34, C35, C38, C42, C45-C53.
The line of described ground floor snubber A2-A7 take A1 as the circular layout in the center of circle; The line of described second layer snubber A8-A11 is that center of circle diamondwise is arranged with A1; The line of described third layer snubber A12-A15 is that center of circle quadrate is arranged with A1; The line of described ground floor avalanche eye B16, B18, B19 and B21 take A1 as the orthogonal layout in the center of circle, and described ground floor avalanche eye B17 is arranged on the line mid point of B16 and B18, and described ground floor avalanche eye B20 is arranged on the line mid point of B19 and B21; The line of the described second layer avalanche eye B22, B24, B25 and B27 take A1 as the orthogonal layout in the center of circle, and described second layer avalanche eye B23 is arranged on the line mid point of B22 and B24, and described second layer avalanche eye B26 is arranged on the line mid point of B27 and B25; The line of described third layer avalanche eye B28-B33, B40 and B56-B58 is that the center of circle becomes heptagon to arrange with A1; The octagon that is wired to of described 4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44, B54 and B55 is arranged; The arch that is wired to of described periphery hole C34, C46-C53 is arranged, described periphery hole C34 and C35, C38 are on the vertical straight line of same, and described periphery hole C46 and C45, C42 are on the vertical straight line of same.
The described second layer snubber A9, A11, ground floor avalanche eye B17, B20, the second layer avalanche eye B23, B26, third layer avalanche eye B29, B32, the line of the 4th layer of avalanche eye B36, B44 ten explosion eyes is through centre cut eye A1; Described third layer avalanche eye B57, B56, B58, periphery hole C34, C46 five explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described ground floor avalanche eye B16, B21, the second layer avalanche eye B22, B27, third layer avalanche eye B28, B33, periphery hole C35, C45 eight explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described ground floor avalanche eye B18, B19, the second layer avalanche eye B24, B25, third layer avalanche eye B30, B31, the 4th layer of avalanche eye B37, B43 eight explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described third layer avalanche eye B40, the 4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, periphery hole C38, C42 five explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described periphery hole C34, C46-C53 are evenly arranged in the arcuate profile of rock stratum, and periphery hole C34, C46-C53 all adopt primacord, promote Smooth Blasting Effects.
Explosive payload described in step (2) is respectively: often rolling up explosive is 0.2 kilogram, and centre cut eye A1 loads 10 volume explosives; Second layer snubber A8-A11 and third layer snubber A12-A15 is respectively charged into 7 volume explosives; Ground floor avalanche eye B16-B21, second layer avalanche eye B22-B27 and third layer avalanche eye B28-B33, B56-B58 are respectively charged into 6 volume explosives; Periphery hole C34, C35, C38, C42, C45, C46, the 4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44 and third layer avalanche eye B40 are respectively charged into 5 volume explosives; 4th layer of avalanche eye B54, B55 are respectively charged into 4 volume explosives; Periphery hole C47-C53 is respectively charged into 2 volume explosives.
Ignition order described in step (3) is: ignite centre cut eye A1 successively, second layer snubber A8 and A10, second layer snubber A9 and A11, third layer snubber A12-A15, ground floor avalanche eye B17 and B20, ground floor avalanche eye B16, B18, B19 and B21, second layer avalanche eye B22-B27, third layer avalanche eye B28-B33, B40, B56, B57 and B58,4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44, B54 and B55, periphery hole C34, C35, C38, C42 and C45-C53.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a tunnel one-shot forming smooth blasting method, comprises driving rock stratum, it is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
(1) layout setting explosion eye: determine centre cut eye A1 on rock stratum, arrange ground floor snubber in A1 periphery, arranges second layer snubber in ground floor snubber periphery, arranges third layer snubber in second layer snubber periphery; Ground floor avalanche eye is set in third layer snubber periphery, second layer avalanche eye is set in ground floor avalanche eye periphery, third layer avalanche eye is set in second layer avalanche eye periphery, the 4th layer of avalanche eye is set in third layer avalanche eye periphery; The 4th layer of avalanche eye periphery, one deck periphery hole is set;
(2) powder charge: to the centre cut eye A1 of step (1), second layer snubber, third layer snubber, ground floor avalanche eye, second layer avalanche eye, third layer avalanche eye, the 4th layer of avalanche eye and periphery hole powder charge;
(3) ignite: ignite snubber, avalanche eye and periphery hole successively.
2. one-shot forming smooth blasting method in tunnel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the ground floor snubber described in step (1) comprises A2-A7, and described second layer snubber comprises A8-A11, and described third layer snubber comprises A12-A15; Described ground floor avalanche eye comprises B16-B21, and described second layer avalanche eye comprises B22-B27, and described third layer avalanche eye comprises B28-B33, B40 and B56-B58, and described 4th layer of avalanche eye comprises B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44, B54 and B55; Described periphery hole comprises C34, C35, C38, C42, C45-C53.
3. one-shot forming smooth blasting method in tunnel according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the line of described ground floor snubber A2-A7 take A1 as the circular layout in the center of circle; The line of described second layer snubber A8-A11 is that center of circle diamondwise is arranged with A1; The line of described third layer snubber A12-A15 is that center of circle quadrate is arranged with A1; The line of described ground floor avalanche eye B16, B18, B19 and B21 take A1 as the orthogonal layout in the center of circle, and described ground floor avalanche eye B17 is arranged on the line mid point of B16 and B18, and described ground floor avalanche eye B20 is arranged on the line mid point of B19 and B21; The line of the described second layer avalanche eye B22, B24, B25 and B27 take A1 as the orthogonal layout in the center of circle, and described second layer avalanche eye B23 is arranged on the line mid point of B22 and B24, and described second layer avalanche eye B26 is arranged on the line mid point of B27 and B25; The line of described third layer avalanche eye B28-B33, B40 and B56-B58 is that the center of circle becomes heptagon to arrange with A1; The octagon that is wired to of described 4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44, B54 and B55 is arranged; The arch that is wired to of described periphery hole C34, C46-C53 is arranged, described periphery hole C34 and C35, C38 are on the vertical straight line of same, and described periphery hole C46 and C45, C42 are on the vertical straight line of same.
4. one-shot forming smooth blasting method in tunnel according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the described second layer snubber A9, A11, ground floor avalanche eye B17, B20, the second layer avalanche eye B23, B26, third layer avalanche eye B29, B32, the line of the 4th layer of avalanche eye B36, B44 ten explosion eyes is through centre cut eye A1; Described third layer avalanche eye B57, B56, B58, periphery hole C34, C46 five explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described ground floor avalanche eye B16, B21, the second layer avalanche eye B22, B27, third layer avalanche eye B28, B33, periphery hole C35, C45 eight explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described ground floor avalanche eye B18, B19, the second layer avalanche eye B24, B25, third layer avalanche eye B30, B31, the 4th layer of avalanche eye B37, B43 eight explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described third layer avalanche eye B40, the 4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, periphery hole C38, C42 five explosion eyes are on same horizontal linear; Described periphery hole C34, C46-C53 are evenly arranged in the arcuate profile of rock stratum.
5. one-shot forming smooth blasting method in tunnel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the explosive payload described in step (2) is respectively: often rolling up explosive is 0.2 kilogram, and centre cut eye A1 loads 10 volume explosives; Second layer snubber A8-A11 and third layer snubber A12-A15 is respectively charged into 7 volume explosives; Ground floor avalanche eye B16-B21, second layer avalanche eye B22-B27 and third layer avalanche eye B28-B33, B56-B58 are respectively charged into 6 volume explosives; Periphery hole C34, C35, C38, C42, C45, C46, the 4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44 and third layer avalanche eye B40 are respectively charged into 5 volume explosives; 4th layer of avalanche eye B54, B55 are respectively charged into 4 volume explosives; Periphery hole C47-C53 is respectively charged into 2 volume explosives.
6. one-shot forming smooth blasting method in tunnel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, ignition order described in step (3) is: ignite centre cut eye A1 successively, second layer snubber A8 and A10, second layer snubber A9 and A11, third layer snubber A12-A15, ground floor avalanche eye B17 and B20, ground floor avalanche eye B16, B18, B19 and B21, second layer avalanche eye B22-B27, third layer avalanche eye B28-B33, B40, B56, B57 and B58, 4th layer of avalanche eye B39, B41, B36, B37, B43, B44, B54 and B55, periphery hole C34, C35, C38, C42 and C45-C53.
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| CN107726933A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-23 | 成都大学 | A kind of middle font strengthens slotting structure and cut shot method |
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| CN110953944A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-04-03 | 中交隧道工程局有限公司 | Method for rapid tunneling by hole-by-hole detonation of flat guide straight-hole cut of extra-long tunnel |
| CN111220036A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-02 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Blasting method for pilot tunnel at lower section of vertical shaft water curtain roadway |
| CN111220036B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2022-07-26 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Blasting method for pilot tunnel at lower section of vertical shaft water curtain roadway |
| CN112729029A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 伽师县铜辉矿业有限责任公司 | Smooth blasting method for soft rock roadway |
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| CN104613830B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180411 Address after: 265400 Xia Dian Town, Xia Dian Town, Zhaoyuan City, Yantai, Shandong Co-patentee after: Ejinaqi round Mining Co., Ltd. Patentee after: XIADIAN GOLD MINE OF ZHAOJIN MINING INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Address before: 265400 Xia Dian Town, Xia Dian Town, Zhaoyuan City, Yantai, Shandong Patentee before: XIADIAN GOLD MINE OF ZHAOJIN MINING INDUSTRY CO., LTD. |