CN107060773B - A kind of underground chamber drilling and blasting method damping excavation method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation - Google Patents
A kind of underground chamber drilling and blasting method damping excavation method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107060773B CN107060773B CN201710293272.9A CN201710293272A CN107060773B CN 107060773 B CN107060773 B CN 107060773B CN 201710293272 A CN201710293272 A CN 201710293272A CN 107060773 B CN107060773 B CN 107060773B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
Abstract
The underground chamber drilling and blasting method that the present invention discloses a kind of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates shock-dampening method, comprising the following steps: performs periphery hole, snubber, reliever, inner ring eye and bottom plate eye respectively in face using rock drill or air inflating machine for dismantling tyre first；Then, it is inserted into joint-cutting steel pipe in periphery hole or bottom plate eye, voiceless demolition agent is packed into joint-cutting steel pipe, precracking is performed by voiceless demolition agent；Then, it is also loaded onto voiceless demolition agent at snubber, completes the construction of face snubber；Finally, being respectively charged into emulsion in remaining reliever, inner ring eye, bottom plate eye or periphery hole, the drill-blast tunnelling of face is completed using the method for short-delay blasting.The present invention is using voiceless demolition agent in conjunction with joint-cutting steel pipe, precracking is completed on face periphery by quasi-static method, function of shock insulation is played for subsequent other borehole constructions, the excessive problem of rock vibration is closed on when overcoming precracking construction, while eliminating vibration caused by snubber blast working.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underground chamber drilling and blasting methods to excavate shock-dampening method more particularly to a kind of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation
Underground chamber drilling and blasting method excavate shock-dampening method.
Background technique
In the underground chamber digging process of traffic engineering, mine and the water power dam foundation etc., inevitably there is molten chamber, breaks
Layer crushed zone and weak intercalated layer band, it is directly more grading from completely decomposed that geological conditions is mainly shown as that same level rock stratum is often presented
Enter middle weathering even gentle breeze location, each layer is since the suffered slacking degree depth is different, the physical mechanics property shown
There are biggish differences for matter, if underground chamber carries out underground chamber construction in the rock mass boundary of soft or hard unevenness, using drilling and blasting method
The damage of periphery rock mass can be directly contributed, or even the serious accidents such as depression, collapsing, water burst and personnel safety occurs, is in turn resulted in
Catastrophic economic loss and severe social influence.Furthermore also often there is horizon d in the engineerings such as extra small clear distance, cross tunnel
Thickness is less than the case where in-place blasting out circle, and the Blasting Excavation of newly built tunnels can equally generate intermediate rock mass and existing chamber structure
The engineering problem of vibration damage etc..
What the shotfiring safety evaluation of rock mass was mainly carried out according to indexs such as vibration velocity and frequencies, the wherein explosion peak value of rock mass
Vibration velocity is Dominated Factors.During the drill-blast tunnelling of underground chamber, snubber mainly forms free face in face, needs
Dose it is maximum, caused rock vibration is often the explosion peak value vibration velocity that entire face excavates.In addition, to horizon d
Thickness is less than the underground chamber of in-place blasting out circle, and the excavation of periphery hole can also affect greatly neighbouring rock mass, therefore controls
The explosion peak value vibration velocity of snubber and periphery hole is the key link of such engineering safety construction.
In order to reduce disturbance of the face explosion to periphery rock mass, the method for presplitting is generally used in engineering.The first kind is
By the way of mechanical, along the close adjacent borehole (close to running through mutually, artificially causing plane of weakness) of excavation contour line Drilling,
Then not powder charge in these boreholes bores one to several artillery salvo eyes and charge explosion depending on its distance from the scope of freedom again, using not filling
Explosive load is isolated in medicine borehole, achievees the purpose that control explosion, but this method studies intensively heavy workload, costly, seriously affects
Construction efficiency；Second class method is that the quick-fried layer of presplitting light is arranged along excavation contour line, is allowed to first detonate prior to other boreholes after powder charge,
The crack for forming connectivity along excavation contour line is ultimately formed, will be isolated to excavation area and country rock differentiation.But outside for chamber
The relatively thin situation of basement rock body thickness itself is enclosed, presplit blasting itself can also generate biggish disturbance to peripheral rock, make in engineering
At rock masses fracturing, chamber collapse engineering accident it is commonplace.For this purpose, poplar benevolence et al. (application number in engineering
201210462523.9) it proposes a kind of method for mixing rock mass segment algorithm, guides presplit blasting load action in excavation with it
Contour line, reaching, which reduces presplit blasting, influences the vibration of normal direction rock mass, but this method still uses explosive initiation mode to be formed
Precracking is still unavoidable from damage when precracking performs near region rock mass, it is relatively thin for country rock under the conditions of adit digging still
So there is biggish security threat.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the present invention is asked for the country rock blast disturbance occurred in thin bedrock layer underground chamber digging process
Topic proposes that a kind of underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates damping excavation method, quick-fried preferably to slow down brill
Method excavates underground chamber in the process to the vibration damage of periphery rock mass.
The purpose of the present invention will be achieved through the following technical solutions, and a kind of underground chamber brill of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation is quick-fried
Method excavates shock-dampening method, comprising the following steps: in the tunneling process in stone matter tunnel or tunnel, uses rock drill or wind first
Big gun machine performs periphery hole, snubber, reliever, inner ring eye and bottom plate eye in face respectively；Then, in periphery hole or bottom plate
It is inserted into joint-cutting steel pipe in eye, voiceless demolition agent is packed into joint-cutting steel pipe, precracking is performed by voiceless demolition agent；Then, exist
It is also loaded onto voiceless demolition agent at snubber, completes the construction of face snubber；Finally, in remaining reliever, inner ring eye, bottom plate
It is respectively charged into emulsion in eye or periphery hole, the drill-blast tunnelling of face is completed using the method for short-delay blasting.
Preferably, the underground chamber drilling and blasting method excavation shock-dampening method of the static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation, the periphery hole,
After the completion of snubber, reliever, inner ring eye and bottom plate eye perform, perforation cleaning is carried out.
Preferably, the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of the static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates shock-dampening method, the joint-cutting steel
Pipe orientation is inserted into periphery hole or bottom plate eye, and the width that cracks of the joint-cutting steel pipe is 4~6mm, the joint-cutting steel pipe
Position crack according to the determination of pre- broken face shape.
Preferably, the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of the static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates shock-dampening method, the joint-cutting steel
Guan YouSeamless steel pipe be made, the length of the seamless steel pipe is periphery hole or bottom plate eye borehole depth
0.9~0.95 times.
Preferably, the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of the static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates shock-dampening method, the joint-cutting steel
After being packed into voiceless demolition agent in pipe, the aperture of periphery hole or bottom plate eye is blocked using yellow mud or Anchor Agent, blocks length not
Precracking is performed after voiceless demolition agent expansion less than 5cm.
Preferably, the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of the static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates shock-dampening method, the joint-cutting steel
The ratio of mud of voiceless demolition agent in pipe is 0.32, and the voiceless demolition agent in the joint-cutting steel pipe is initially charged with medicine bag, then will
Medicine bag is encased in joint-cutting steel pipe, to be fiddled with paragraph by paragraph when voiceless demolition agent is encased in medicine bag closely knit.
Preferably, the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of the static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates shock-dampening method, the medicine bag
Diameter for high-intensity fiber paper bag, the medicine bag be slightly less than or equal to joint-cutting steel pipe internal diameter, the length of the medicine bag is
1.1 times of periphery hole or bottom plate eye borehole depth.
Preferably, the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of the static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates shock-dampening method, and the nothing is housed
The medicine bag of sound blasting agent impregnates 45s using clean water, and clean water floods medicine bag completely, is sufficiently humidified so as to medicine bag, to medicine
When agent bag does not bubble completely, takes out medicine bag and be encased in joint-cutting steel pipe paragraph by paragraph.
Preferably, the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of the static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates shock-dampening method, the snubber
In the ratio of mud of voiceless demolition agent be 0.28, the voiceless demolition agent in snubber is initially charged with powder stick bag, and powder stick bag impregnates 45s
Afterwards, when powder stick bag does not bubble completely, then powder stick bag is encased in snubber.
Preferably, the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of the static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates shock-dampening method, and the emulsification is fried
After medicine is encased in borehole, the aperture of borehole is blocked using stemming, and the length of blocking is no less than 20cm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the present invention is using voiceless demolition agent and joint-cutting steel pipe
In conjunction with, precracking is completed on face periphery by quasi-static method, plays function of shock insulation for the construction of subsequent other boreholes,
The excessive problem of rock vibration is closed on when overcoming precracking construction, while eliminating shake caused by snubber blast working
Dynamic, reducing underground chamber drill-blast tunnelling significantly influences the vibration of periphery sensitive objects.In addition, can be realized using this method
The full face tunneling of traffic tunnel, mine working can greatly improve construction efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Example or technical solution in the prior art are performed in order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, it below will be to performing example or existing
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
One of invention performs example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, may be used also
To obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the geology weathering profile figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of 1 joint-cutting steel pipe of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically perform mode
The attached drawing in example is performed below in conjunction with the present invention, the technical solution of the invention performed in example is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that the described example that performs is only that a part of the present invention performs example, rather than whole performs example.It is based on
Example is performed in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Example is performed, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Certain two-way six-lane vcehicular tunnel, maximum buried depth about 180m, Internal periphery uses three-centred arch top song wall section, compound
Formula liner structure, clear span 15.5m, clear height 5.0m, Internal periphery area 133.5m in structure2, maximum excavation across footpath 18m.Tunnel
K162+420~K162+464 sections of barrels fully enter middle weathered granite, weathering country rock thickness 0.7m~5m in vault.According to " in
State's tunnels and underground engineering builds technology " it is described, using drill bursting construction, barrel country rock can generate 1~2m thickness in-place blasting out circle,
Vault top plate hard rock thickness is unable to safety stock, as shown in Figure 1.The underground chamber of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation is taken in this section of construction
Drilling and blasting method excavates shock-dampening method, and single cycle explosion drilling depth is 2.2m, particular technique measure are as follows:
(1) borehole is performed, is set using rock drill including snubber, reliever, periphery hole, bottom plate eye and the big gun for expanding slotted eyes
, the following table of related powder stick in borehole.Reliever and bottom plate eye are detonated using emulsion, wherein explosion powder stick diameter is
32mm；Snubber and periphery hole are excavated using the method for static(al) explosion, other various boreholes useDrill bit open
It digs, after the completion of borehole performs, manual cleaning is carried out to borehole region, blows down the recrement and Yu Shui inside and outside borehole with high-pressure blast,
Guarantee that borehole cleaning is dustless.
(2) production of joint-cutting steel pipe, joint-cutting steel pipe byThe seamless steel pipe of (outer diameter 40mm, wall thickness 4mm) makes
It forms, seamless steel pipe is 0.9~0.95 times of borehole depth.The crack of joint-cutting steel pipe is split using radial direction, as shown in Fig. 2, will
The crack of joint-cutting steel pipe is packed into periphery hole, while guaranteeing the crack location of joint-cutting steel pipe and the excavation contour line extension side of pre- broken face
To consistent.
(3) precracking is performed, according to People's Republic of China's building material industry standard " voiceless demolition agent " (standard No. JC506-
92) the voiceless demolition agent of SCA-II type, is selected, periphery hole voiceless demolition agent installation is completed using following steps, along excavation contour line
Perform precracking:
The first step makes than, through smaller high-intensity fiber paper bag, length is isometric with hole depth, for being packed into nothing in joint-cutting steel pipe
Sound blasting agent；
The ratio of mud (water and blasting agent mass ratio) of voiceless demolition agent is transferred to 0.32, is packed into medicine bag, paragraph by paragraph by second step
Fiddle with it is closely knit, voiceless demolition agent be packed into the 90% of medicament bag length after envelope tighten reality；
Third step impregnates the medicine bag 45s that voiceless demolition agent is housed using clean water, and clean water floods medicine bag completely,
It is sufficiently humidified so as to medicine bag, when medicine bag does not bubble completely, medicine bag is taken out and is encased in periphery hole paragraph by paragraph, notice that filling is close
Real, until 5~8cm of aperture of periphery hole, the aperture of periphery hole is blocked using yellow mud.
4th step, to precracking face water drenching, adds after the voiceless demolition agent medicament in medicine bag reacts 5~10min
Fast medicament reaction, for no Connectivity Section, repeats third until checking circumferential precracking formational situation after medicament reaction 45min
Step, the 4th step, until ultimately forming circumferential precracking.
(4) snubber is constructed, and is completed using following steps:
The ratio of mud of voiceless demolition agent is transferred to about 0.28, is packed into powder stick bag, discloses reality, voiceless demolition agent one by one by the first step
Envelope tightens reality after being packed into the 90% of medicament bag length；
Second step impregnates the medicine bag 45s that voiceless demolition agent is housed using clean water, and clean water floods powder stick bag completely,
It is sufficiently humidified so as to powder stick bag, when powder stick bag does not bubble completely, powder stick bag is taken out and is encased in snubber paragraph by paragraph, notice that filling is close
Real, until 5~8cm of aperture of snubber, the aperture of snubber is blocked using yellow mud.
Third step, to precracking face water drenching, adds after the voiceless demolition agent medicament in powder stick bag reacts 5~10min
Fast medicament reaction, medicament react 45min.
(5) other borehole (reliever, expands slotted eyes at bottom plate eye) constructions, in order to realize better demolition effect, reach expected
Explosion purpose, common section uses continuous charging structure, and the aperture of borehole should block the no less than stemming of 40cm, and require big gun
Mud gets lodged in the position to connect with powder charge.Periphery hole charge constitution connects spaced loading structure using primacord, and bottom dose is appropriate
Reinforce, and heel should block the no less than stemming of 20cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of underground chamber drilling and blasting method excavation shock-dampening method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation, comprising the following steps: in stone matter
In the tunneling process in tunnel or tunnel, first using rock drill or air inflating machine for dismantling tyre face perform respectively periphery hole, snubber,
Reliever, inner ring eye and bottom plate eye, and clean the inside and outside recrement and Yu Shui in borehole；Then, in periphery hole or bottom plate
It is inserted into joint-cutting steel pipe in eye, voiceless demolition agent is packed into joint-cutting steel pipe, precracking is performed by voiceless demolition agent；Then, exist
It is also loaded onto voiceless demolition agent at snubber, completes the construction of face snubber；Finally, in remaining reliever, inner ring eye, bottom plate
It is respectively charged into emulsion in eye or periphery hole, the aperture of borehole is blocked using stemming after emulsion, and the length of blocking is not
Less than 20cm, then the drill-blast tunnelling of the method completion face using short-delay blasting.
Joint-cutting steel pipe orientation is inserted into periphery hole or bottom plate eye, and the width that cracks of the joint-cutting steel pipe is 4~
The position of cracking of 6mm, the joint-cutting steel pipe are determined according to pre- broken face shape.The joint-cutting steel pipe by Seamless steel pipe
It is made, the length of the seamless steel pipe is 0.9~0.95 times of periphery hole or bottom plate eye borehole depth.
After being packed into voiceless demolition agent in the joint-cutting steel pipe, periphery hole or bottom plate eye are blocked using yellow mud or Anchor Agent
Aperture, block length be no less than 5cm, after voiceless demolition agent expansion after, perform precracking.In the joint-cutting steel pipe without sonic boom
The ratio of mud of broken agent is 0.32, and the voiceless demolition agent in the joint-cutting steel pipe is initially charged with medicine bag, then medicine bag is encased in
It to be fiddled with paragraph by paragraph in joint-cutting steel pipe, when voiceless demolition agent is encased in medicine bag closely knit.
The medicine bag be high-intensity fiber paper bag, the diameter of the medicine bag be slightly less than or equal to joint-cutting steel pipe internal diameter,
The length of the medicine bag is 1.1 times of periphery hole or bottom plate eye borehole depth.Medicine bag equipped with the voiceless demolition agent
45s is impregnated using clean water, clean water floods medicine bag completely, is sufficiently humidified so as to medicine bag, do not bubble completely to medicine bag
When, it takes out medicine bag and is encased in joint-cutting steel pipe paragraph by paragraph.
The ratio of mud of voiceless demolition agent in the snubber is 0.28, and the voiceless demolition agent in snubber is initially charged with medicine
It rolls up bag and is encased in snubber when powder stick bag does not bubble completely, then by powder stick bag after powder stick bag impregnates 45s.
The foregoing is merely of the invention preferably to perform example, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation excavates shock-dampening method, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid: in the tunneling process in stone matter tunnel or tunnel, periphery being performed in face using rock drill or air inflating machine for dismantling tyre respectively first
Eye, snubber, reliever, inner ring eye and bottom plate eye；Then, joint-cutting steel pipe is inserted into periphery hole or bottom plate eye, in joint-cutting
It is packed into voiceless demolition agent in steel pipe, precracking is performed by voiceless demolition agent；Then, voiceless demolition is also loaded at snubber
The construction of face snubber is completed in agent；Finally, being respectively charged into remaining reliever, inner ring eye, bottom plate eye or periphery hole
Emulsion completes the drill-blast tunnelling of face using the method for short-delay blasting.
2. the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation according to claim 1 excavates shock-dampening method, feature
It is: after the completion of the periphery hole, snubber, reliever, inner ring eye and bottom plate eye perform, carries out perforation cleaning.
3. the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation according to claim 1 excavates shock-dampening method, feature
Be: the joint-cutting steel pipe orientation is inserted into periphery hole or bottom plate eye, and the width that cracks of the joint-cutting steel pipe is 4~6mm,
The position of cracking of the joint-cutting steel pipe is determined according to pre- broken face shape.
4. the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation according to claim 1 excavates shock-dampening method, feature
Be: the joint-cutting steel pipe bySeamless steel pipe be made, the length of the seamless steel pipe is week
0.9~0.95 times of side eye or bottom plate eye borehole depth.
5. the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation according to claim 1 excavates shock-dampening method, feature
It is: after being packed into voiceless demolition agent in the joint-cutting steel pipe, periphery hole or bottom plate eye is blocked using yellow mud or Anchor Agent
Aperture blocks length and is no less than 5cm, after voiceless demolition agent expansion, performs precracking.
6. the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation according to claim 1 excavates shock-dampening method, feature
Be: the ratio of mud of the voiceless demolition agent in the joint-cutting steel pipe is 0.32, and the voiceless demolition agent in the joint-cutting steel pipe first fills
Enter to medicine bag, then medicine bag is encased in joint-cutting steel pipe, to be fiddled with paragraph by paragraph when voiceless demolition agent is encased in medicine bag
It is closely knit.
7. the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation according to claim 6 excavates shock-dampening method, feature
Be: the medicine bag be high-intensity fiber paper bag, the diameter of the medicine bag be slightly less than or equal to joint-cutting steel pipe internal diameter, it is described
The length of medicine bag is 1.1 times of periphery hole or bottom plate eye borehole depth.
8. the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation according to claim 7 excavates shock-dampening method, feature
Be: the medicine bag equipped with the voiceless demolition agent impregnates 45s using clean water, and clean water floods medicine bag completely, makes medicament
Bag is sufficiently humidified so as to, and when medicine bag does not bubble completely, is taken out medicine bag and is encased in joint-cutting steel pipe paragraph by paragraph.
9. the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation according to claim 1 excavates shock-dampening method, feature
Be: the ratio of mud of the voiceless demolition agent in the snubber is 0.28, and the voiceless demolition agent in snubber is initially charged with powder stick
Bag is encased in snubber when powder stick bag does not bubble completely, then by powder stick bag after powder stick bag impregnates 45s.
10. the underground chamber drilling and blasting method of static(al) explosion presplitting shock insulation according to claim 1 excavates shock-dampening method, feature
Be: after the emulsion is encased in borehole, the aperture of borehole is blocked using stemming, and the length of blocking is no less than 20cm.
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| CN108894726B (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-04-07 | 中铁十九局集团第六工程有限公司 | Full-section drilling operation method for three-arm drill jumbo tunnel |
| CN110425950A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-11-08 | 三明学院 | A kind of nuclear waste disposal channel explosion vibration damping decreasing loss method and vibration monitor system |
| CN111692934A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-22 | 何满潮 | Method for tunneling roadway by using single-fracture-surface instantaneous spalling device for peripheral holes |
| CN112483151B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-09-28 | 福州大学 | Method for supporting preset internal anchor cables for tunnel in-situ extension project |
| CN113203328B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-08-26 | 江汉大学 | Dynamic and static blasting combined forming method for tunnel excavation contour surface |
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| US3687075A (en) * | 1970-12-11 | 1972-08-29 | Hercules Inc | Modified presplitting technique |
| CN1029756C (en) * | 1985-07-25 | 1995-09-13 | 淮南矿业学院 | Method to cut marble and granite, device to concentrate energy in hole and cutter |
| CN100580191C (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2010-01-13 | 河南国基建设集团有限公司 | High-strength prestressed concrete pipe pile construction method |
| CN101441055A (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2009-05-27 | 中煤平朔煤业有限责任公司 | Presplit blasting method |
| CN102268993B (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-10-23 | 广东省长大公路工程有限公司 | Method for excavating tunnel in high liquid limit soil |
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