CN110818768A - 一种从植物体中提取野鸦椿酸的新方法及新原料 - Google Patents
一种从植物体中提取野鸦椿酸的新方法及新原料 Download PDFInfo
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- 229930182603 Euscaphic acid Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
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Abstract
本发明提供一种从植物体中提取野鸦椿酸的新方法及新原料;该方法以含有野鸦椿酸的植物体为原料,经粉碎‑乙酸乙酯溶液提取‑浓缩提取液至浸膏‑硅胶柱色谱洗脱‑洗脱液经PRP512A大孔吸附树脂柱色谱分离‑浓缩洗脱液并重结晶得到野鸦椿酸单体化合物,该方法无需多次硅胶、凝胶柱色谱分离,工艺简单、得率高、成本低;其中圆齿野鸦椿植物体原料来源丰富,含量高,是理想的新材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明专利涉及一种从植物体中提取野鸦椿酸的新方法,及其提取野鸦椿酸的新原料。
背景技术
野鸦椿酸,又名蔷薇酸,CAS号为53155-25-2,英文名euscaphic acid,白色粉末状结晶或针晶,分子式为C30H48O5,分子量488;该化合物为乌苏烷型三萜类化合物,溶于二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、氯仿等有机溶剂。文献报道,野鸦椿酸具有显著的抗HIV、抗炎、抗肿瘤活性,市场开发价值巨大。
该成分最早从省沽油科野鸦椿Euscaphis japonica的果皮中分离得到。文献研究表明,野鸦椿酸存在于省沽油科、蔷薇科、山茶科等植物中,已从野鸦椿、悬钩子覆盆子、地榆、枇杷叶等植物中分离得到,工艺复杂,形式五花八门,仅限于某种植物种野鸦椿酸的制备;在众多的工艺中,以从畲族药搁公扭,即华东覆盆子Rubus chingii Hu的干燥根及根茎中获得的野鸦椿酸为最高,得率约为1%,但需经过提取-萃取-反复多次硅胶、凝胶柱色谱分离获得,分离方法较为繁琐,成分在制备过程中损失量大,工艺中使用的柱色谱填料葡聚糖凝胶价格昂贵,制备工艺成本高;该工艺在其他植物制备野鸦椿酸,所获得的野鸦椿酸量小,纯度低。此外,该工艺使用的植物原料华东覆盆子虽来源较为丰富,但限于根及根茎,其在该植物体中的生物量低,可开发性小。
圆齿野鸦椿Euscaphis konishii Hayata为省沽油科野鸦椿属植物,又名福建野鸦椿,是我国特有的药用观赏树种。近年来,福建、江西等周边省的种植面积不断扩大,仅福建三明清流、泰宁,南平邵武、建阳,泉州德化等就超过5000亩,植物资源丰富。课题组一直致力于圆齿野鸦椿的资源开发与利用,前期从该植物分离得到大量的野鸦椿酸。经过制备工艺的进一步优化,课题组探索出了得率与原工艺率高,操作更为简单、成本更低的制备方法,该方法无需凝胶色谱,硅胶色谱多次分离,且该工艺运用到其他植物体制备野鸦椿酸上,同样适用。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种从植物体中提取野鸦椿酸的新方法,制备工艺仅需乙酸乙酯提取-硅胶柱色谱洗脱-PRP-512A大孔吸附树脂柱色谱分离即可获得高纯度的野鸦椿酸单体。该制备方法简单,易操作,适合于大规模生产。
本发明所提供的技术方法如下:
从植物体中提取野鸦椿酸的方法,以富含野鸦椿酸的植物干燥的枝条为原料,经粉碎-乙酸乙酯溶液提取-浓缩提取液至浸膏-硅胶柱色谱洗脱-洗脱液浓缩至浸膏-PRP-512A大孔吸附树脂色谱洗脱-乙醇重结晶后得到野鸦椿酸单体化合物,具体步骤参数如下:
取圆齿野鸦椿枝条,经干燥后粉碎成粗粉,过0.178 mm筛,备用;
乙酸乙酯溶液提取:取圆齿野鸦椿粉末1000 g,加乙酸乙酯溶液10000 mL,加热煮沸2小时,过滤得提取液;滤渣再加入10000 mL 乙酸乙酯溶液,再一次煮沸2小时,过滤,得提取液;
浓缩提取液至浸膏:合并两次乙酸乙酯提取液,减压浓缩至干得提取物;
硅胶柱色谱洗脱:考虑到分离效果、有机溶剂毒性及生产成本,首选二氯甲烷-乙醇***;洗脱溶剂比例为50:1,洗脱3-5个柱体积,除去杂质;然后使用二氯甲烷:乙醇20:1,洗脱4-6个柱体积,收集洗脱液,浓缩得高浓度野鸦椿酸浸膏。
PRP-512A大孔吸附树脂柱色谱洗脱:高浓度野鸦椿酸浸膏与等质量的PRP-512A大孔吸附树脂混合拌样;洗脱溶剂***为乙醇-水;洗脱溶剂比例为75:25,洗脱3-5个柱体积,除去杂质;然后使用洗脱溶剂比例为95:5,洗脱4-6个柱体积,收集洗脱液,得大孔吸附树脂95%乙醇洗脱液。
大孔吸附树脂95%乙醇洗脱液浓缩和重结晶:大孔吸附树脂95%乙醇洗脱液减压浓缩至200-300mL,自然冷却,放置,析出白色固体,抽滤,得白色粉末即为野鸦椿酸。
圆齿野鸦椿枝条经上述工艺制备得率范围为0.98%-1.15%,与从华东覆盆子的干燥根及根茎中获得野鸦椿酸的工艺相比,本专利的最终得率提高了13%。
同时由于圆齿野鸦椿已有大面积的人工林,因此圆齿野鸦椿枝条是优选的提取野鸦椿酸的新材料。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。然而,本领域的技术人员容易理解,实施例所描述的具体物料比、工艺条件及其结果仅用于说明本发明,而不应当也不会限制权力要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例1
取圆齿野鸦椿枝条粉末1000 g,加乙酸乙酯溶液10000 mL,加热煮沸2小时,过滤得提取液;滤渣再加入10000 mL乙酸乙酯溶液,再一次煮沸2小时,过滤,得提取液;合并两次提取液,减压浓缩至干得提取物35 g;提取物与35 g 60-100目硅胶拌样,350 g 200-300目硅胶干法装柱,二氯甲烷-乙醇(50:1)4000 mL洗脱,除去杂质,二氯甲烷-乙醇(20:1)5000 mL洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压回收溶剂,得浸膏18.3 g。浸膏用乙酸乙酯溶解,与18.3g PRP-512A大孔吸附树脂拌样,通过PRP-512A大孔吸附树脂柱色谱洗脱,先用75%乙醇溶液洗脱2000mL除去杂质,再用2500 mL 95%乙醇溶液洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压回收溶剂至200 mL,自然冷却,放置,析出白色固体,抽滤,得野鸦椿酸白色粉末1.15 g,产率为1.15%,纯度95.8%。
实施例2
取野鸦椿果皮粉末1000 g,加乙酸乙酯溶液10000 mL,加热煮沸2小时,过滤得提取液;滤渣再加入10000 mL乙酸乙酯溶液,再一次煮沸2小时,过滤,得提取液;合并两次提取液,减压浓缩至干得提取物39.3 g;提取物与39.3g 60-100目硅胶拌样,393 g 200-300目硅胶干法装柱,二氯甲烷-乙醇(50:1)4500 mL洗脱,除去杂质,二氯甲烷-乙醇(20:1)6000 mL洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压回收溶剂,得浸膏17.6 g。浸膏用乙酸乙酯溶解,与17.6g PRP-512A大孔吸附树脂拌样,通过PRP-512A大孔吸附树脂柱色谱洗脱,先用75%乙醇溶液洗脱2000mL除去杂质,再用2500 mL 95%乙醇溶液洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压回收溶剂至200 mL,自然冷却,放置,析出白色固体,抽滤,得野鸦椿酸白色粉末0.91g,产率为0.91%,纯度92.5%。
实施例3
取地榆植株干燥,采用实施例1或2的工艺提取野鸦椿酸。
实施例4
取枇杷叶干燥,采用实施例1或2的工艺提取野鸦椿酸。
实施例5
取华东覆盆子的干燥根,采用实施例1或2的工艺提取野鸦椿酸,与传统工艺获得野鸦椿酸相比,本专利的最终得率提高了13%。
Claims (3)
1.一种从植物体中提取野鸦椿酸的方法,其特征是以含有野鸦椿酸的植物体为原料,经粉碎-乙酸乙酯溶液提取-浓缩提取液至浸膏-硅胶柱色谱洗脱-洗脱液经PRP512A大孔吸附树脂柱色谱分离-浓缩洗脱液并重结晶得到野鸦椿酸单体化合物,主要步骤包括:
(1)含有野鸦椿酸的植物体经干燥后粉碎成粗粉,过0.178 mm筛,备用;
(2)乙酸乙酯溶液提取:取植物体粉末1000 g,加乙酸乙酯溶液10000 mL,加热煮沸2小时,过滤得提取液;滤渣再加入10000 mL 乙酸乙酯溶液,再一次煮沸2小时,过滤,得提取液;
(3)浓缩提取液至浸膏:合并两次乙酸乙酯提取液,减压浓缩至干,得提取物;
(4)硅胶柱色谱洗脱:考虑到分离效果、有机溶剂毒性及生产成本,首选二氯甲烷-乙醇***;洗脱溶剂比例为50:1,洗脱3-5个柱体积,除去杂质;然后使用二氯甲烷:乙醇20:1,洗脱4-6个柱体积,收集洗脱液,浓缩得高浓度野鸦椿酸浸膏;
(5)PRP-512A大孔吸附树脂柱色谱洗脱:高浓度野鸦椿酸浸膏与等质量的PRP-512A大孔吸附树脂混合拌样;洗脱溶剂***为乙醇-水;洗脱溶剂比例为75:25,洗脱3-5个柱体积,除去杂质;然后使用洗脱溶剂比例为95:5,洗脱4-6个柱体积,收集洗脱液,得大孔吸附树脂95%乙醇洗脱液;
(5)大孔吸附树脂95%乙醇洗脱液浓缩和重结晶:大孔吸附树脂95%乙醇洗脱液减压浓缩至200-300mL,自然冷却,放置,析出白色固体,抽滤,得白色粉末即为野鸦椿酸。
2.根据权利要求1所术的一种提取野鸦椿酸的方法,其特征是植物体原料包括野鸦椿、华东覆盆子、美蔷薇、刺梨。
3.一种提取野鸦椿酸新原料,其特征是以圆齿野鸦椿干燥的枝条为原料,具体步骤参数如权利要求1。
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