CN110710371B - Chain clip type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristic - Google Patents
Chain clip type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN110710371B CN110710371B CN201911007582.5A CN201911007582A CN110710371B CN 110710371 B CN110710371 B CN 110710371B CN 201911007582 A CN201911007582 A CN 201911007582A CN 110710371 B CN110710371 B CN 110710371B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
- A01C11/025—Transplanting machines using seedling trays; Devices for removing the seedlings from the trays
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with the zero-speed planting characteristic comprises a frame and an operation device arranged on the frame, wherein the frame comprises a longitudinal beam, a ditching device and a covering device, the operation device comprises a driving mechanism, a seedling clamp and a seedling clamp switch for capturing opening and closing of the seedling clamp, the ditching device is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the front end of the longitudinal beam with respect to the longitudinal beam, the covering device is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the longitudinal beam with respect to the longitudinal beam, and the center of the longitudinal position of the covering soil of the covering device coincides with the center of the ditching direction of the ditching device; the seedling clamp is uniformly distributed on a chain of the driving mechanism, a pot body placing area, a stem clamping area, a seedling leaf placing area and a mounting plate for mounting the seedling clamp on the chain are arranged on a seedling clamp main body of the seedling clamp, a clamping assembly is arranged in the stem clamping area, and the damage to the pot body and the stem is small by adopting a seedling clamping mode of flexible stem clamping and movable pot clamping of the pot body; meanwhile, the transplanting time is long relative to zero-speed transplanting time, and the transplanting quality is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanter with zero-speed planting characteristics.
Background
At present, a chain clamp type transplanter for transplanting rape pot seedlings generally adopts an annular structure, when the seedling clamp is transplanted, the seedling clamp lacks of control of opening the seedling clamp, the seedling clamp is easy to open naturally after the clamping acting force is lost, the randomness of the opening process is large, so that the seedling clamp is in an out-of-control state, the rape pot seedlings are easy to topple or skew under the condition, and the survival rate after transplanting is influenced; the contact time of the seedling clamp and the soil is short, and the displacement change of the contact interval is large, so that the transplanting quality is low and the transplanting speed is low; meanwhile, the existing chain clamp type transplanting machine mainly clamps the stalks of the rape pot seedlings, has high clamping force and is easy to damage the pot bodies and the stalks of the rape pot seedlings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristics so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
The technical problems solved by the invention are realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
The chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with the zero-speed planting characteristic comprises a frame and an operation device arranged on the frame, wherein the frame comprises a longitudinal beam, a ditching device and a covering device, the operation device comprises a driving mechanism, a seedling clamp and a seedling clamp switch for capturing opening and closing of the seedling clamp, the ditching device is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the front end of the longitudinal beam with respect to the longitudinal beam, the covering device is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the longitudinal beam with respect to the longitudinal beam, and the center of the longitudinal position of the covering soil of the covering device coincides with the center of the ditching direction of the ditching device; the driving mechanism is arranged in the middle of the longitudinal beam, and seedling clamps are uniformly distributed on a chain of the driving mechanism; the specific structure is as follows:
in the driving mechanism, a chain is sleeved on a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a tensioning wheel, the rotation center connecting lines of the three sprockets form a right triangle, meanwhile, the three sprockets are respectively arranged on a protective cover through a supporting shaft and a rolling supporting component, a connecting plate is arranged on the chain, and external power drives the supporting shaft for installing the driving sprocket so as to drive the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket to rotate, thereby driving the chain to circulate; the tensioner is arranged on the frame through a connecting bolt;
In the seedling clamps, the seedling clamp main bodies are symmetrically arranged about the longitudinal axis of the seedling clamp main bodies, and each seedling clamp main body is provided with a pot body placing area for placing a rape pot seedling pot body, a stem clamping area for placing a rape pot seedling stem, a seedling leaf placing area for placing a rape pot seedling leaf crown and a mounting plate for mounting the seedling clamp on a chain; the rotary drive end is rotated along with the path change of the seedling clamp switch after being caught by the seedling clamp switch, so as to drive the rotary shaft to rotate, and the movable pot clamp is welded on the rotary shaft and rotated along with the rotary shaft to be used for opening or closing the pot body placing area;
the seedling clamp is connected with the connecting plate through the mounting plate and then synchronously rotates along with the chain;
The seedling clamp switch comprises mounting bottom plates and guide grooves, the guide grooves are arranged between the two mounting bottom plates, the mounting bottom plates are arranged on the protective cover, the mounting bottom plates and the guide grooves are symmetrically arranged about the seedling clamp, and meanwhile, the opening diameter of the initial end of each guide groove is larger than that of the end of each guide groove.
In the invention, a baffle is arranged at one end close to the seedling clamp and far away from the chain, and is used for preventing rape pot seedlings from falling from the seedling clamp in advance in the operation process.
In the invention, the baffle comprises a vertical section and an arc section, the transition part of the vertical section and the arc section is in tangent connection, meanwhile, the radius of the arc section is larger than or equal to the radius of gyration of the seedling clamp away from the end of the chain, the lowest part of the arc section is tangent to the horizontal plane at the bottom of the ditching device, the baffle is fixedly arranged on the longitudinal beam through the vertical section, and the arc section is fixed on the ditching device through two sides of the bottom of the baffle.
In the invention, the tensioner is provided with the sliding groove, the connecting bolt is loosened, the tensioner is moved along the sliding groove direction, the position of the tensioning wheel relative to the frame can be adjusted, and the tensioning degree of the chain can be conveniently adjusted.
In the invention, the pot body placing area is of an arc-shaped or polyhedral structure so as to better place the pot bodies of the rape pot seedlings without damaging the pot bodies of the rape pot seedlings.
In the invention, the clamping component is made of flexible materials, so that the rape pot seedling stalks cannot be clamped in the process of clamping the stalks.
In the invention, the seedling placement area has similar structure to the straight rape pot seedling, and the damage to the rape pot seedling leaves is prevented.
In the invention, the axial limiting area is provided with a limiting block for preventing the rotating shaft from moving in the axial direction.
In the invention, a movable pot clamp and a pot body placing area are positioned at the same axial position, a stem clamping driving area is positioned at the outer side of the stem clamping area, an axial limiting area and a seedling placing area are positioned at the same axial position, meanwhile, the axial limiting area is positioned between two rotating shaft mounting frames, a mounting plate is arranged at one end of a seedling clamp main body, a rotating driving end is positioned at one end close to the mounting plate relative to the seedling clamp main body, a supporting frame is positioned at one end close to the rotating driving end relative to the seedling clamp main body, a rotating shaft supporting plate for supporting a rotating shaft is arranged below the seedling clamp main body and is prevented from rotating to the lower half area and cannot be correctly caught by a seedling clamp switch; the movable pot clamp, the stalk clamping area, the seedling placement area, the support frame and the mounting plate are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the seedling clamp main body, the stalk clamping driving area, the rotating shaft mounting frame and the rotating driving end are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the support frame is perpendicular to the bottom plane of the seedling clamp main body; the movable pot clamp, the stalk clamping area, the seedling placing area, the mounting plate, the support frame, the rotating shaft supporting plate, the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft mounting frame are symmetrically arranged about the longitudinal axis of the seedling clamp main body.
In the invention, after the seedling clamp passes over the top of the chain, the seedling clamp starts to be connected, at the moment, the seedling clamp switch enters a catching area of the rotary driving end, a clamping component in the stalk clamping area is in an open state, a movable pot clamp in the pot body placing area is in an open state, and the chain drives the seedling clamp to rotate at a constant speed; when the seedling clamp rotates to a horizontal state, the seedling supplying device starts to supply seedlings, a plant of pot seedlings is placed on the seedling clamp, the seedling clamp continues to move downwards, after the seedling clamp switch catches the rotary driving end, the rotary driving end drives the stalk clamping driving area and the movable pot clamp to rotate under the driving of the seedling clamp switch, so that the clamping assembly in the stalk clamping area is promoted to be folded to clamp the seedlings of the rape pot, and meanwhile, the movable pot clamp is closed to limit the pot body of the pot seedlings of the rape pot to move, and further, the clamping of the rape pot Miao Rouxing is completed; the rape pot seedlings are limited in the seedling clamps and synchronously rotate along with the rotation of the chains until the rape pot seedlings slowly enter the grooves opened by the ditching device, at the moment, the rotary driving end drives the stalk clamping driving area and the movable pot clamps to slowly open under the driving of the seedling clamp switch, soil particles in the grooves slowly flow back, the stalk clamping driving area and the movable pot clamps fully open along with the movement of the rotary driving end, the rape pot seedlings are left in the grooves, the seedling clamps start to move upwards along with the movement of the chains until the seedling clamps return to the initial positions, and one-time transplanting is completed.
The beneficial effects are that:
1) The seedling clamping mode of flexible clamping of the stalks and movable pot clamping of the pot body is adopted, so that the damage to the pot body and the stalks is small;
2) The flexible clamping and movable pot clamping mode of the pot body is suitable for automatically picking up and delivering seedlings;
3) The low-end movement track of the seedling clamp is parallel to the horizontal plane, the contact time of the seedling clamp and the ground is long, and the seedling clamp is suitable for high-speed pot seedling transplanting;
4) The moving speed of the seedling clamp is equal to and opposite to that of the chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanter, the transplanting time is long relative to zero speed, and the transplanting quality is high;
5) The seedling clamp is slowly opened, so that the whole opening process is controllable, and simultaneously, the soil entering the rape pot seedlings and the soil returning in the grooves are combined together, so that the verticality of the transplanted rape pot seedlings is effectively improved, and the survival rate of the transplanted rape pot seedlings is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a seedling clamp according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the working principle of the seedling clamp in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a dynamic diagram of the whole machine operation process in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 to 6 are dynamic diagrams of the guide groove arrangement path in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed drawings in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the implementation of the invention easy to understand.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with the zero-speed planting characteristic comprises a frame B and an operation device A, wherein the frame B comprises a longitudinal beam 1, a ditching device 2 and a soil covering device 3, the operation device A comprises a driving mechanism 4, a seedling clamp 5, a seedling clamp switch 6 and a baffle 7, the ditching device 2 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the front end of the longitudinal beam 1 with respect to the longitudinal beam 1, the soil covering device 3 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the longitudinal beam 1 with respect to the longitudinal beam 1, and the center of the soil covering longitudinal position of the soil covering device 3 coincides with the center of the ditching direction of the ditching device 2; the actuating mechanism 4 sets up at longeron 1 middle part, and seedling presss from both sides 5 equipartition on actuating mechanism 4's chain 43 for catch seedling clamp 5 switching's seedling clamp switch 6 sets up in frame B, baffle 7 setting is pressing close to seedling clamp 5 and keeping away from chain 43's one end, is used for preventing to avoid dropping in advance in the operation in-process rape alms bowl seedling from seedling clamp 5, and specific structure is as follows:
The driving mechanism 4 comprises a driving chain wheel 41, a driven chain wheel 42, a chain 43, a protective cover 44, a connecting plate 45, a tensioner 46 and a tensioning wheel 47, wherein the chain 43 is sleeved on the driving chain wheel 41, the driven chain wheel 42 and the tensioning wheel 47, the rotation center connecting lines of the three chain wheels form a right triangle, the three chain wheels are correspondingly arranged on the protective cover 44 through supporting shafts and rolling supporting components respectively, the connecting plate 45 is arranged on the chain 43, external power drives the supporting shafts for installing the driving chain wheel 41, the driving chain wheel 41 drives the driven chain wheel 42 to rotate and thus drives the chain 43 to circulate, and the chain 43 drives the seedling clamp 5 to do rotation circulation; the tensioner 46 is arranged on the frame B through a connecting bolt, a chute is arranged on the tensioner 46, the connecting bolt is loosened, the tensioner 46 is moved along the chute direction, the position of the tensioning wheel 47 relative to the frame B can be adjusted, and the tensioning degree of the chain 43 can be adjusted conveniently;
The seedling clamp 5 comprises a seedling clamp main body 51, a support frame 52, a rotating shaft supporting plate 53, a rotating shaft 54 and a rotating shaft mounting frame 55, wherein a pot body placing area 511 for placing rape pot seedling pot bodies, a stem clamping area 512 for placing rape pot seedling stems, a seedling leaf placing area 513 for placing rape pot seedling leaf crowns and a mounting plate 514 for mounting the seedling clamp 5 on a chain are arranged on the seedling clamp main body 51, the support frame 52 is erected between two adjacent seedling clamps 5 so as to enable the two adjacent seedling clamps 5 to be kept parallel all the time on a straight line segment and prevent the seedling clamps 5 from inclining;
The pot body placing area 511 is of an arc-shaped or polyhedral structure so as to better place the pot bodies of the rape pot seedlings without damaging the pot bodies of the rape pot seedlings;
the stalk clamping area 512 is provided with a clamping component, and the clamping component is made of a flexible material, so that the rape pot seedling stalk cannot be clamped in the stalk clamping process;
The seedling placement area 513 has similar structure to the straight rape pot seedling, so as to prevent damage to the rape pot seedling leaves;
The rotating shaft supporting plate 53 is used for supporting the rotating shaft 54, preventing the rotating shaft 54 from rotating to the lower half area and being incapable of being correctly caught by the seedling clamp switch 6, the rotating shaft 54 is provided with a rotating driving end 541, an axial limiting area 542, a stalk clamping driving area 543 and a movable bowl clamp 544, the rotating driving end 541 rotates along with the path change of the seedling clamp switch 6 after being caught by the seedling clamp switch 6 so as to drive the rotating shaft 54 to rotate, the axial limiting area 542 is provided with a limiting block for preventing the rotating shaft 54 from moving in the axial direction, the stalk clamping driving area 543 is used for driving the clamping assembly in the stalk clamping area 512 to deform so as to achieve the effect of clamping stalks, the movable bowl clamp 544 is welded on the rotating shaft 54 and rotates along with the rotating shaft 54 so as to be used for opening or closing the bowl body placing area 511;
The movable bowl clamp 544 and the bowl body placing area 511 are positioned at the same axial position, the stem clamping driving area 543 is positioned at the outer side of the stem clamping area 512, the axial limiting area 542 and the seedling placing area 513 are positioned at the same axial position, meanwhile, the axial limiting area 542 is positioned between the two rotating shaft mounting frames 55, the mounting plate 514 is arranged at one end of the seedling clamp main body 51, the rotating driving end 541 is positioned at one end close to the mounting plate 514 relative to the seedling clamp main body 51, the supporting frame 52 is positioned at one end close to the rotating driving end 514 relative to the seedling clamp main body 51, the rotating shaft supporting plate 53 is positioned at one end close to the mounting plate 514 relative to the seedling clamp main body 51, the rotating shaft supporting plate 53 is positioned below the seedling clamp main body 51, the movable bowl clamp 544, the stem clamping area 512, the seedling placing area 513, the supporting frame 52 and the mounting plate 514 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the seedling clamp main body 51, the stem clamping driving area 543, the rotating shaft mounting frames 55 and the rotating driving end 541 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 54, and the supporting frame 52 and are vertically arranged along the bottom plane of the seedling clamp main body 51; the seedling clamp main body 51 is symmetrically arranged about the longitudinal axis of the seedling clamp main body 51, and the movable pot clamp 544, the stalk clamping area 512, the seedling leaf placing area 513, the mounting plate 514, the supporting frame 52, the rotating shaft supporting plate 53, the rotating shaft 54 and the rotating shaft mounting frame 55 are symmetrically arranged about the longitudinal axis of the seedling clamp main body 51;
The seedling clamp 5 is connected with the connecting plate 45 through the mounting plate 514, and then synchronously rotates along with the chain 43;
The seedling clamp switch 6 consists of a guide groove 61 and a mounting bottom plate 62, wherein the guide groove 61 is arranged between the two mounting bottom plates 62, the mounting bottom plate 62 is arranged on the protective cover 44, the mounting bottom plate 62 and the guide groove 61 are symmetrically arranged about the seedling clamp 5, the opening of the initial end of the guide groove 61 is larger, the rotary driving end 541 is ensured to be successfully captured, and then the rotary driving end 541 is quickly folded towards the middle, so that the rotary shaft 54 can quickly drive the stalk clamping area 512 and the movable pot clamp 544 to rotate to a closed state, and then long-distance conveying is performed; in the seedling throwing stage, the guide grooves 61 slowly scatter towards two sides, namely soil particles in the grooves can be disturbed, wherein finer soil particles fall to the periphery of the pot along gaps, so that the longer the rotating shaft 54 is opened, the longer the disturbance time of the soil particles is, the longer the soil returning time is, and enough soil returning time exists before the rape pot seedlings are separated from the seedling clamps 5, and finally the pot seedlings are completely separated from the seedling clamps, so that transplanting is completed;
The guide grooves 61 are arranged as shown in fig. 5 to 6:
z1 to z2: the catching area of the rotating shaft 54, the guide groove 61 of the section is in an opening state and is used for ensuring that the rotating shaft 54 can be successfully caught and enters the guide groove 61;
z2 to z3: the quick closing area is characterized in that the guide grooves 61 of the section are turned into a mutually parallel state and are quickly closed towards the inner side, the relative distance between the guide grooves 61 on the left side and the guide grooves 61 on the right side is shortened until the rotary shaft 54 can be rotated to a position where the seedling clamp 5 is closed;
z3 to z4: in the linear transportation area, the guide groove 61 of the section is always positioned at a position capable of enabling the rotating shaft 54 to rotate to close the seedling clamp 5, and the seedling clamp 5 is limited to be always in a closed state;
z4 to z5: in the slow opening region, the guide grooves 61 of the section are gradually opened outward, and the relative distance between the left and right guide grooves 61 is increased until reaching a position where the rotation shaft 54 is rotated to fully open the seedling clamp 5. (it can be noted that the distance z 4-z 5 is much greater than z 2-z 3);
The baffle 7 comprises a vertical section and an arc section, the transition part of the vertical section and the arc section is in tangent connection, the radius of the arc section is larger than or equal to the radius of gyration of the seedling clamp 5 away from the end of the chain 43, the lowest part of the arc section is tangent to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the ditching device 2, the baffle 7 is fixedly arranged on the longitudinal beam 1 through the vertical section, and the arc section is fixed on the ditching device 2 through two sides of the bottom of the baffle 7.
In this embodiment, after the seedling clamp 5 passes over the top of the chain 43, the seedling clamp 5 starts to receive seedlings, and at this time, the seedling clamp switch 6 enters the capturing area of the rotation driving end 541, the clamping assembly in the stalk clamping area 512 is in an open state, the movable bowl clamp 544 in the bowl placing area 511 is in an open state, and the chain 43 drives the seedling clamp 5 to rotate at a constant speed; when the seedling clamp 5 rotates to a horizontal state, the seedling supplying device starts to supply seedlings, a pot seedling is placed on the seedling clamp 5, the seedling clamp 5 continues to move downwards, after the seedling clamp switch 6 captures the rotary driving end 541, the rotary driving end 541 drives the stalk clamping driving area 543 and the movable pot clamp 544 to rotate under the driving of the seedling clamp switch 6, so that the clamping components in the stalk clamping area 512 are promoted to be folded to clamp the seedlings of the rape pot, and meanwhile, the movable pot clamp 544 is closed to limit the pot body movement of the pot seedlings of the rape pot, and further, the clamping of the rape pot Miao Rouxing is completed; rape pot seedlings are limited in the seedling clamps 5 and synchronously rotate along with the rotation of the chains 43 until the rape pot seedlings slowly enter the grooves opened by the ditching device 2, at the moment, the rotary driving end 541 drives the stalk clamping driving area 543 and the movable pot clamps 544 to slowly open under the driving of the seedling clamp switch 6, soil particles in the grooves slowly flow back, the stalk clamping driving area 543 and the movable pot clamps 544 are completely opened along with the movement of the rotary driving end 541, the rape pot seedlings are left in the grooves, and the seedling clamps 5 start to move upwards along with the movement of the chains 43 until returning to the initial position, and one-time transplanting is completed.
When the whole machine works, from the view point that the driving mechanism 4 drives the rotation speed v 1 of the seedling clamp 5 (the linear speed of the rotation of the chain in the horizontal section), the transplanting dynamic process is roughly divided into the following 6 areas:
p1 to P2: a seedling receiving area, in which the rape pot seedlings are received from the seedling supply device, and meanwhile, the rotary driving end 541 enters a catching area of the seedling clamp switch 6;
P2 to P3: the quick closing area, at this time, the rotary driving end 541 drives the stalk clamping driving area 543 and the movable pot clamp 544 to rotate under the driving of the seedling clamp switch 6, so that the clamping components in the stalk clamping area 512 are folded to clamp the rape pot seedling stalks, and meanwhile, the movable pot clamp 544 is closed;
P3 to P4: the clamping and conveying area is limited in the seedling clamp 5, and synchronously rotates along with the rotation of the chain 43;
P4 to P5: the soil-entering area is used for slowly entering the rape pot seedlings into the ditches which are already opened by the ditching device 2;
P5 to P6: slowly Zhang Kaiou, at this time, the rotary driving end 541 drives the stalk clamping driving area 543 and the movable pot clamp 544 to slowly open under the driving of the seedling clamp switch 6, soil particles in the groove slowly reflux, when the soil particles reach the P6 position, the stalk clamping driving area 543 and the movable pot clamp 544 completely open, rape pot seedlings remain in the groove, and the seedling clamp 5 starts to move upwards along with the movement of the chain 43;
P6 to P1: the returning clamp area is used for returning the seedling clamp 5 to the initial position along with the movement of the chain 43, so that one cycle is completed;
And the chain clip type rape pot seedling transplanting machine can be roughly divided into the following 3 areas when seen from the direction of the moving speed v 2 of the whole machine advancing:
q1 to Q2: a ditching area, wherein the ditching device 2 ditches a groove;
Q2 to Q3: the free soil returning area is used for completing transplanting of the rape pot seedlings by the operation device A, and returning soil under the action of dead weight of a small amount of soil particles;
q3 to Q4: and in the earthing zone, the earthing device 3 performs forced earthing and compaction, and finally completes the transplanting of the rape pot seedlings.
In order to ensure that the chain-clamp type rape pot seedling transplanter has excellent transplanting characteristics, the chain-clamp type rape pot seedling transplanter and the ground have zero speed relative seedling transplanting during transplanting, and simultaneously, in order to ensure transplanting quality, the moving speed v 1 of the seedling clamp 5 and the moving speed v 2 of the chain-clamp type rape pot seedling transplanter have the following characteristics: v 1 and v 2 are equal in size and opposite in direction, namely the movement of the seedling clamp 5 completely counteracts the movement of the chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine, and the seedling clamp 5 always moves relative to the ground at zero speed in the stage P4-P6; the preferable scheme is as follows: v 1 and v 2 are approximately equal in size and opposite in direction, namely, when the transplanting qualification rate is low, v 1 and v 2 are approximately equal in size and opposite in direction, and the transplanting requirement can be met; the seedling clamp 5 has long time of keeping relative zero speed in the transplanting process, so the pot seedling of the rape has long contact time with soil in the transplanting process, and is suitable for high-speed transplanting.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with the zero-speed planting characteristic comprises a frame and an operation device arranged on the frame, and is characterized in that the frame comprises a longitudinal beam, a ditching device and a covering device, the operation device comprises a driving mechanism, a seedling clamp and a seedling clamp switch for capturing opening and closing of the seedling clamp, the ditching device is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the front end of the longitudinal beam with respect to the longitudinal beam, the covering device is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the longitudinal beam with respect to the longitudinal beam, and the center of the longitudinal position of the covering soil of the covering device coincides with the center of the ditching direction of the ditching device; the driving mechanism is arranged in the middle of the longitudinal beam, and seedling clamps are uniformly distributed on a chain of the driving mechanism; the specific structure is as follows:
in the driving mechanism, a chain is sleeved on a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a tensioning wheel, the rotation center connecting lines of the three sprockets form a right triangle, meanwhile, the three sprockets are respectively arranged on a protective cover through a supporting shaft and a rolling supporting component, a connecting plate is arranged on the chain, and external power drives the supporting shaft for installing the driving sprocket so as to drive the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket to rotate, thereby driving the chain to circulate; the tensioner is arranged on the frame through a connecting bolt;
In the seedling clamps, the seedling clamp main bodies are symmetrically arranged about the longitudinal axis of the seedling clamp main bodies, and each seedling clamp main body is provided with a pot body placing area for placing a rape pot seedling pot body, a stem clamping area for placing a rape pot seedling stem, a seedling leaf placing area for placing a rape pot seedling leaf crown and a mounting plate for mounting the seedling clamp on a chain; the rotary drive end is rotated along with the path change of the seedling clamp switch after being caught by the seedling clamp switch, so as to drive the rotary shaft to rotate, and the movable pot clamp is welded on the rotary shaft and rotated along with the rotary shaft to be used for opening or closing the pot body placing area;
the seedling clamp switch consists of a mounting bottom plate and a guide groove, the guide groove is arranged between the two mounting bottom plates, the mounting bottom plates are arranged on the protective cover, the mounting bottom plates and the guide groove are symmetrically arranged about the seedling clamp, and meanwhile, the opening diameter of the initial end of the guide groove is larger than that of the end of the guide groove;
the baffle comprises a vertical section and an arc section, the transition part of the vertical section and the arc section is in tangential connection, meanwhile, the radius of the arc section is larger than or equal to the radius of gyration of the seedling clamp away from the end of the chain, the lowest part of the arc section is tangential to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the ditching device, the baffle is fixedly arranged on the longitudinal beam through the vertical section, and the arc section is fixed on the ditching device through two sides of the bottom of the baffle;
The movable pot clamp and the pot body placing area are positioned at the same axial position, the stem clamping driving area is positioned at the outer side of the stem clamping area, the axial limiting area and the seedling placing area are positioned at the same axial position, meanwhile, the axial limiting area is positioned between the two rotating shaft mounting frames, the mounting plate is arranged at one end of the seedling clamp main body, the rotating driving end is positioned at one end close to the mounting plate relative to the seedling clamp main body, the supporting frame is positioned at one end close to the rotating driving end relative to the seedling clamp main body, the rotating shaft supporting plate is positioned at one end close to the mounting plate relative to the seedling clamp main body, and the rotating shaft supporting plate for supporting the rotating shaft is arranged below the seedling clamp main body, so that the rotating shaft is prevented from rotating to the lower half area and cannot be correctly captured by the seedling clamp switch; the movable pot clamp, the stalk clamping area, the seedling placement area, the support frame and the mounting plate are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the seedling clamp main body, the stalk clamping driving area, the rotating shaft mounting frame and the rotating driving end are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the support frame is perpendicular to the bottom plane of the seedling clamp main body; the movable pot clamp, the stalk clamping area, the seedling placing area, the mounting plate, the support frame, the rotating shaft supporting plate, the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft mounting frame are symmetrically arranged about the longitudinal axis of the seedling clamp main body.
2. The chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristics according to claim 1, wherein a baffle plate is arranged at one end close to the seedling clamp and far away from the chain.
3. The chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristics according to claim 1, wherein a chute is arranged on the tensioner.
4. The chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the pot body placing area is of a circular arc type or polyhedral type structure.
5. The chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the clamping component is made of flexible materials.
6. The chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the seedling leaf placement area is similar to the structure of a straight rape pot seedling.
7. The chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristics according to claim 1, wherein a limiting block is arranged on the axial limiting area.
8. The chain clamp type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with the zero-speed planting characteristic according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein after a seedling clamp passes over the top of a chain, the seedling clamp starts to be connected, at the moment, a seedling clamp switch enters a capturing area of a rotating driving end, a clamping component in a stalk clamping area is in an open state, a movable pot clamp in a pot body placing area is in an open state, and the chain drives the seedling clamp to rotate at a constant speed; when the seedling clamp rotates to a horizontal state, the seedling supplying device starts to supply seedlings, a plant of pot seedlings is placed on the seedling clamp, the seedling clamp continues to move downwards, after the seedling clamp switch catches the rotary driving end, the rotary driving end drives the stalk clamping driving area and the movable pot clamp to rotate under the driving of the seedling clamp switch, so that the clamping assembly in the stalk clamping area is promoted to be folded to clamp the seedlings of the rape pot, and meanwhile, the movable pot clamp is closed to limit the pot body of the pot seedlings of the rape pot to move, and further, the clamping of the rape pot Miao Rouxing is completed; the rape pot seedlings are limited in the seedling clamps and synchronously rotate along with the rotation of the chains until the rape pot seedlings slowly enter the grooves opened by the ditching device, at the moment, the rotary driving end drives the stalk clamping driving area and the movable pot clamps to slowly open under the driving of the seedling clamp switch, soil particles in the grooves slowly flow back, the stalk clamping driving area and the movable pot clamps fully open along with the movement of the rotary driving end, the rape pot seedlings are left in the grooves, the seedling clamps start to move upwards along with the movement of the chains until the seedling clamps return to the initial positions, and one-time transplanting is completed.
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| CN201911007582.5A CN110710371B (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Chain clip type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristic |
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| CN201911007582.5A CN110710371B (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Chain clip type rape pot seedling transplanting machine with zero-speed planting characteristic |
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| CN110710371B true CN110710371B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113575059B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-04-14 | 昆明理工大学 | Chain clamp formula pseudo-ginseng transplanter |
| CN113575060B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-03-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Parameter transplanter based on correlation sensor |
| CN115349331B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-04-12 | 金华市农业科学研究院(浙江省农业机械研究院) | Cane shoot bolt pipe seedling transplanter |
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