CN110500391A - 具有电机的驱动设备 - Google Patents

具有电机的驱动设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110500391A
CN110500391A CN201910370692.1A CN201910370692A CN110500391A CN 110500391 A CN110500391 A CN 110500391A CN 201910370692 A CN201910370692 A CN 201910370692A CN 110500391 A CN110500391 A CN 110500391A
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gear
driving equipment
shaft
drive shaft
equipment according
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弗朗茨·弗尔克尔
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B60K17/08—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/46—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
    • F16H3/48—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears
    • F16H3/52—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears
    • F16H3/54—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears one of the central gears being internally toothed and the other externally toothed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0813—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft
    • F16H37/082—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft and additional planetary reduction gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
    • B60Y2400/422—Synchromesh type clutches or brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0034—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising two forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2005—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2035—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with two engaging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2097—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion comprising an orbital gear set member permanently connected to the housing, e.g. a sun wheel permanently connected to the housing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及具有电机的驱动设备。电机经由驱动轴与变速器设备作用连接，变速装具有至少一个行星齿轮级切换装置(5)以及带有两个从动轴(15a、15b)的差动级(6)，行星齿轮级(4)具有第一行星轮组，第一行星轮组具有多个行星轮(7)，行星轮组的行星轮(7)能转动地布置在行星架(8)上并且与第一太阳轮(9a)以及与齿圈(10)处于齿啮合，齿圈牢固地固定在变速器设备(3)的壳体(16)上，切换装置(5)被构造成，在第一挡位级(A)至少经由中间轴(11)将行星架(8)与差动级(6)联接，而在第二挡位级(B)至少经由所述中间轴(11)将第二太阳轮(9b)与所述差动级(6)联接，第二太阳轮与驱动轴(2)抗相对转动地连接。

Description

具有电机的驱动设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有电机的驱动设备、尤其是用于电驱动机动车的具有电机的驱动设备。
背景技术
DE 10 2014 223 502 A1公开了一种驱动设备，其包括：电机，其中该电机以第一转子轴来定义第一轴；差动装置，该差动装置定义第二轴，其中第一和第二轴彼此平行错开地布置；和挡位区段，该挡位区段具有至少两个挡位。该挡位区段在电机与差动装置之间的转矩路径中与之前提到的两个轴之一同轴地布置。该驱动设备还包括变速级区段，该变速级区段具有输入轮和输出轮，其中输入轮与第一轴同轴地布置而输出轮与第二轴同轴地布置。该变速级区段具有中间轮装置，其中该中间轮装置与输入轮和输出轮啮合。此外，该变速级区段具有正好一个输入轮。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于：进一步改进具有电机的驱动设备。该任务通过专利权利要求1的主题来解决。优选的实施方式能从从属权利要求中得知。
按照本发明的用于机动车的驱动设备包括电机，该电机经由驱动轴与变速器设备作用连接，其中该变速器设备具有至少一个行星齿轮级、切换装置以及具有两个从动轴的差动级，其中该行星齿轮级具有第一行星轮组，该第一行星轮组具有多个行星轮，其中该行星轮组的行星轮可转动地布置在行星架上并且与第一太阳轮以及与齿圈处于齿啮合，该齿圈牢固地固定在该变速器设备的壳体上，其中该切换装置被构造成，在第一挡位级至少经由中间轴将行星架与差动级联接，而在第二挡位级至少经由中间轴将第二太阳轮与差动级联接，该第二太阳轮与驱动轴抗相对转动地连接。该切换装置尤其与差动级布置在一个平面内，其中该平面垂直于驱动轴地布置。
术语“作用连接”能被理解为：两个传动元件可以彼此直接连接，或者在两个传动元件之间还有其它传动元件，例如一个或多个轴或齿轮。
两个彼此处于齿啮合的齿轮被设置用于将转矩和转速从一个齿轮传递到另一齿轮上。齿轮例如能被理解为行星轮组的行星轮、太阳轮、齿圈以及固定轮。
切换装置能被理解为离合器设备，该离合器设备可以使三个彼此共同起作用的轴中的至少两个轴联接和脱开。切换装置尤其在两个轴的联接状态下在这两个联接的轴之间闭合，使得这两个联接的轴彼此抗相对转动地连接。在两个轴的脱开状态下，切换装置在这两个脱开的轴之间断开，使得这两个脱开的轴相对于彼此旋转并且因此彼此间没有转速和转矩传递。切换元件不仅可具有摩擦锁合的离合器而且可具有形状锁合的离合器。该切换元件尤其构造为同步单元或惯性同步单元。
优选地，该切换装置能由致动器来切换，以便引入三个彼此共同起作用的轴中的相应两个轴的联接或脱开。致动器可以以能液压地、机电地、电磁地或者例如也包括能气动地操纵的方式来构造。
优选地，该切换装置还构造为将驱动轴与两个从动轴脱开。本发明包含如下教导：行星架和第二太阳轮与差动级的脱开实现了功率切断。行星架与差动级的联接随着第二太阳轮与差动级的脱开出现并且实现了具有第一变速器传动比的第一挡位级。第二太阳轮与差动级的联接随着行星架与差动级的脱开出现并且实现了具有第二变速器传动比的第二挡位级。优选地，第一变速器传动比不等于第二变速器传动比。例如，第一变速器传动比大于第二变速器传动比。替选地，第一变速器传动比小于第二变速器传动比。
优选地，齿轮轴布置在切换装置与中间轴之间的功率流中。因此，该切换装置经由齿轮轴和中间轴与差动级连接。齿轮轴能被理解为具有固定地布置在其上的齿轮、即固定轮的轴。优选地，齿轮轴与驱动轴同轴地布置。优选地，齿轮轴构造为空心轴，其中该驱动轴轴向地引导穿过齿轮轴。
按照一个优选的实施方式，中间轴具有第一和第二固定轮，其中第一固定轮与齿轮轴处于齿啮合，而且其中第二固定轮与差动级的差速器罩处于齿啮合。差动级尤其构造为圆柱齿轮差速器，其中差速器罩被设置为行星架而且被构造用于圆柱齿轮的可转动的支承。因此，通过差速器罩将驱动功率引入到差动级中。
优选地，第一固定轮具有比第二固定轮更大的直径。替选地，第二固定轮具有比第一固定轮更大的直径。
优选地，该电机具有定子和转子，其中转子与驱动轴抗相对转动地连接。驱动轴被构造为变速器设备的输入轴，并且不仅与第一太阳轮抗相对转动地连接而且与第二太阳轮抗相对转动地连接。
优选地，驱动轴与中间轴轴线平行地来布置。换言之，驱动轴布置在驱动桥上，其中该驱动桥与中间轴轴线平行地布置。
还优选地，驱动轴与两个从动轴轴线平行地布置。尤其是，这两个从动轴布置在共同的输出轴上，其中该输出轴与中间轴并且与驱动桥轴线平行地来构造。
附图说明
其它改善本发明的措施在下文与对本发明的两个优选的实施例的描述一起借助两张附图进一步描述。在此：
图1示出了用于阐明按照第一实施方式的按照本发明的驱动设备的结构的简化示意图；而
图2示出了用于阐明按照第二实施方式的按照本发明的驱动设备的结构的简化示意图。
具体实施方式
按照图1和2，用于在此未示出的机动车的各个的按照本发明的驱动设备包括电机1，该电机经由驱动轴2与变速器设备3作用连接。电机1被设置为驱动马达而且具有定子13以及转子14。电机1的驱动功率经由驱动轴2被引入到变速器设备3中，该驱动轴布置在电机1与变速器设备3之间。
变速器设备3包括行星齿轮级4、切换装置5以及带有两个从动轴15a、15b的差动级6，这两个从动轴与机动车的相应的这里未示出的车轮连接。行星齿轮级4具有第一行星轮组，该第一行星轮组具有多个行星轮7，其中该行星轮组的行星轮7可转动地布置在行星架8上而且与第一太阳轮9a以及与齿圈10处于齿啮合，该齿圈牢固地固定在变速器设备3的壳体16上。在当前情况下，基于所简化的示意图只描绘行星轮7。
切换装置5被构造为：在此处以虚线示出的第一挡位级A中将行星架8通过齿轮轴12和中间轴11与差动级6联接。在此处以虚线示出的第二挡位级B中，将第二太阳轮9b通过齿轮轴12和中间轴11与差动级6联接，该第二太阳轮与驱动轴2抗相对转动地连接。切换装置5还被构造为：将驱动轴2与两个从动轴15a、15b脱开，为此，既没有占据第一挡位级A也没有占据第二挡位级B，而是占据中间位置。
齿轮轴12布置在切换装置5与中间轴11之间的功率流中。中间轴11具有第一和第二固定轮11a、11b，其中第一固定轮11a与齿轮轴12处于齿啮合，而且其中第二固定轮11b与差动级6的差速器罩17处于齿啮合。在当前情况下，第一固定轮11a具有比第二固定轮11b更大的直径。齿轮轴12与驱动轴2同轴地布置。驱动轴2与中间轴11轴线平行地布置。此外，驱动轴2与两个从动轴15a、15b轴线平行地布置。切换装置5与差动级6布置在共同的平面内，该平面垂直于驱动轴2地构造。
按照图1，齿轮轴12构造为空心轴，其中该驱动轴2轴向地引导穿过齿轮轴12。根据图2，齿轮轴12构造为实心轴，其中该驱动轴2轴向相邻于齿轮轴12地布置。
附图标记列表
1 电机
2 驱动轴
3 变速器设备
4 行星齿轮级
5 切换装置
6 差动级
7 行星轮
8 行星架
9a、9b 太阳轮
10 齿圈
11 中间轴
11a、11b 固定轮
12 齿轮轴
13 定子
14 转子
15A、15b 从动轴
16 壳体
17 差速器罩
A 第一挡位级
B 第二挡位级

Claims (10)

1.一种用于机动车的驱动设备，所述驱动设备包括电机(1)，所述电机经由驱动轴(2)与变速器设备(3)作用连接，其中所述变速器设备(3)具有至少一个行星齿轮级(4)、切换装置(5)以及带有两个从动轴(15a、15b)的差动级(6)，其中所述行星齿轮级(4)具有第一行星轮组，所述第一行星轮组具有多个行星轮(7)，其中所述行星轮组的行星轮(7)能转动地布置在行星架(8)上并且与第一太阳轮(9a)以及与齿圈(10)处于齿啮合，所述齿圈静态地固定在所述变速器设备(3)的壳体(16)上，其中所述切换装置(5)被构造成，在第一挡位级(A)至少经由中间轴(11)将所述行星架(8)与所述差动级(6)联接，而在第二挡位级(B)至少经由所述中间轴(11)将第二太阳轮(9b)与所述差动级(6)联接，所述第二太阳轮与所述驱动轴(2)抗相对转动地连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动设备，
其特征在于，齿轮轴(12)布置在所述切换装置(5)与所述中间轴(11)之间的功率流中。
3.根据权利要求2所述的驱动设备，
其特征在于，所述中间轴(11)具有第一和第二固定轮(11a、11b)，其中第一固定轮(11a)与所述齿轮轴(12)处于齿啮合，而且其中第二固定轮(11b)与所述差动级(6)的差速器罩(17)处于齿啮合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的驱动设备，
其特征在于，所述第一固定轮(11a)具有比所述第二固定轮(11b)更大的直径。
5.根据权利要求2所述的驱动设备，
其特征在于，所述齿轮轴(12)与所述驱动轴(2)同轴地布置。
6.根据权利要求2或5所述的驱动设备，
其特征在于，所述齿轮轴(12)构造为空心轴，其中所述驱动轴(2)轴向地穿过所述齿轮轴(12)地导引。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动设备，
其特征在于，所述切换装置(5)还构造成，使所述驱动轴(2)与所述两个从动轴(15a、15b)脱开。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动设备，
其特征在于，所述电机(1)具有定子(13)和转子(14)，其中所述转子(14)与所述驱动轴(2)抗相对转动地连接。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动设备，
其特征在于，所述驱动轴(2)与所述中间轴(11)轴线平行地布置。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动设备，
其特征在于，所述驱动轴(2)与所述两个从动轴(15a、15b)轴线平行地来布置。
CN201910370692.1A 2018-05-16 2019-05-06 具有电机的驱动设备 Pending CN110500391A (zh)

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