CN107439308A - A kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN107439308A CN107439308A CN201710741102.2A CN201710741102A CN107439308A CN 107439308 A CN107439308 A CN 107439308A CN 201710741102 A CN201710741102 A CN 201710741102A CN 107439308 A CN107439308 A CN 107439308A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
- A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/48—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure containing foam or presenting a foam structure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit, it is related to fruit tree cultivation technical field, comprises the following steps：Stock cultivation, grafting, selection of land scaffolding, digging cave, field planting, fixed dry, fertilising, daily management.The present invention is summarized to the introduction and Experiment cultural method of red kiwi fruit, the quality performance for planting the kind is excellent, yield is high, the red kiwi fruit average yield per mu of cultivation is 1965kg, its mouthfeel sweet tea, and smell is aromatic, the performance of the index such as quality and mineral matter content is good, be advantageous to build up fancy fruit production base, increase farmers' income, pull the development and the industrialization of agricultural managing of regional agriculture and rural economy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, more particularly to a kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit.
Background technology
Red kiwi fruit is the contemporary improved seeds of Sichuan Province Cangxi County Kiwi berry research institute research, and the cause and effect heart is radial
Red streak, gained the name just as red sun is shining.Fruit is medium, neatly, fruit cylinder, averagely vertical footpath 4.2cm, transverse diameter
4cm, pericarp green Glabrous, Mean Fruit Weight 80.8g, soluble solid content 20%, total sugar content 13.4%, always
Acid content is 0.49%, 250mg containing VC in every 100g fresh fruits.Fruity is sour-sweet moderate, pleasant to the palate, and the hardness of fruit is big, under August
Ten days to early September is ripe, and normal temperature can be deposited 1 month, and freezer is fresh-keeping up to 4 months.Integrated quality is better than current main breed sea
Ward, Jin Tao, Xu Xiang.
Anhui Province is from middle and later periods the 1990s also in continuous introducing and planting Kiwi berry.But Sichuan and Fuyang
Region characteristic is different, and weather conditions are different, and kind macaque peach seedling regional on Ying is slow-growing, poor quality, how will be red
Positive Kiwifruit Cultivars carry out introduction and Experiment cultivation by great economic implications.
Red kiwi fruit grafting mainly does stock, disposable grafting, the hygrophilous profit of the kind, intolerant to dry with wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis
It is dry, it need to be watered, its root is fleshy root, and intolerant to ponding, blade is big, and water evaporation quantity is big, and drought resistance is poor, but if moisture mistake
Trigger greatly and easily the big generation of rotten and pest and disease damage, its root is shorter, and lateral root distribution is shallow and wide, and fibrous root is especially flourishing, with
Lateral root is grown, and main root tapers off and forms the lateral root group of similar fasciation.Because the root system of Kiwi berry is shallow, root skin layer
Thickness, it is sensitive to soil hypoxia response, it can not often be survived in Waterlogged area.Therefore soil accumulated water is bigger than the threat of arid, is arranging
The not smooth low-lying plot of water or continuous season rainy for a long time, red kiwi fruit is easily dead, and survival rate is low.
Researcher through experimental study in a few years, the introduction and Experiment of the red kiwi fruit in the upper area of Anhui Ying is cultivated into
Summary is gone so that the performance of Yingshang County plantation quality is excellent again for the kind.
The content of the invention
Based on technical problem existing for background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit, quality
Show excellent, yield height.
A kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, stock are cultivated：Using wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis seed sowing, rootstock seedling cultivation is carried out, cultivation obtains annual grow directly from seeds
Seedling is as rootstock seedling；
S2, grafting：Select the plant of the good red kiwi fruit of stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, breediness, cut give birth to then into
Ripe green branch is less than diameter of stock as scion, scion diameter, and scion is cut into branch section, 1 full bud is left in each branch section, is adopted
Branch section is grafted onto on rootstock seedling with simple bud side grafting method, grafting time is before early spring bleeding, and 20 days after grafting, one was applied every 20 days
Secondary fertilizer, mu apply 20-30kg, apply altogether three times；
S3, selection of land scaffolding：Select that loosing soil, the content of organic matter are abundant, fertility is good, draining is good, it is leeward on the sunny side, it is micro-
The gentle slope tableland building well of acid soil, every mu is applied farm manure 600-800kg, and site preparation is turned over, scaffolding；
S4, dig cave：Depth is dug out as 50-60cm, long 80cm, wide 80cm planting pit in field, according to 3 × 3m or 4 × 5m
Determine seeding row spacing, planting pit bottom laying base-material, laying height be 20-30cm, the base-material by river sand, turn over the garden after applying fertilizer
Soil, water-loss reducer, expanded perlite, turf compare 5-8 according to weight：30-40：3-7：5-10：5-10 is formed；
S4, field planting：By in grafting balled transplanting in S2 to planting pit, every mu with farm manure 35-45kg, phosphate fertilizer 2-3kg
Backfilled with turning over after the garden mould after applying fertilizer fully is mixed thoroughly, in early spring or late fall transplanting rootstock seedling, the fixed nursery stock of having peace of mind, pour root water
Pinching not dissipate to soil is advisable, with rice straw mulching on planting pit surface, wherein the male and female plant ratio for transplanting plantation is 8 ︰ 1；
S5, do calmly：Main stem 1-2 branches are stayed during field planting, is helped with dry tie up of small bamboo, it is climbed in time along upper frame, treat that young sprout is grown to
Pinching during 1m, bearing basal shoot is with the spring tip, the summer shoot of pumping then, based on the spring tip, during bearing tree winter pruning renewal tie then
Fruit mother's branch, old branch are all wiped out, 8-10 bearing basal shoot of every plant of reservation, bearing basal shoot stays 150cm or so to be chopped, from fruitful branch
Pumping fruitful branch result, fruit thinning stays 2-3 fruit after each fruitful branch fruit setting；
S6, fertilising：Apply fertilizer 3 times within 1 year, i.e., early March applies rudiment fertilizer, thanks and fruit-promoting fertilizer is applied after spending, site preparation weight is combined after fruit picking
Basal dressing, annular ditch is dug around tree disk, mixes Kiwi berry Special basal fertilizer and soil thoroughly backfill；
S7, daily management：Soil management, water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out to field in whole process.
Preferably, in the S1, every mu of sowing quantity of wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis seed sowing is 0.9-1.1kg.
Preferably, in the S2, the length of branch section is 1.5-2.5cm.
Preferably, in the S2, grafting requirement prevents branch to be dehydrated with adopting with connecing.
Preferably, in the S3, the gradient in gentle slope tableland is 5-15 degree.
Preferably, in the S3, farm manure is decomposed obtained by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：Poultry argol 50-60
Part, poultry urine 10-20 parts, bagasse 7-15 parts, soya-bean cake 5-10 parts.
Preferably, in the S3, ploughed depth is more than 60cm.
Preferably, in the S6, rudiment fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, and with reference to Potassium Fertilizer, every plant is applied urea 0.2-0.5kg, potassium
Fertile 0.1-0.4kg；Fruit-promoting fertilizer coordinates people and animals' liquid dung to apply based on composite fertilizer, every plant of 1.5-2kg of composite fertilizer.
Preferably, in the S6, annular ditch depth 30-35cm, wide 30-35cm.
Preferably, in the S7, disease mainly prevents and treats canker, strengthens tree body management, strengthens resistance, is sent out in annual spring
Before bud, spray in time prevents that insect from biting bark, bud point, causes disease to invade, if having occurred, sprays streptomycin sulphate, agricultural in time
Streptomysin or sterilizing prestige；Insect pest mainly prevents and treats Pseudaulacaspis pentagona and leafhopper, and before annual spring rudiment, timely 3-5 Baume degrees stone sulphur closes
Agent, the season of growth spray speed and slaughtered or good labour in time.
According in Yingshang County climatic test result, and the regional testing of Reference variety breeding units for many years summarizes report, Mi
Monkey peach is in the accommodation that Anhui Yingshang County is cultivated：Dredge that ventilative, draining is good, rich in the medium above fertility of humus in pine
Subacidity culturing on soil, the kind high and stable yield, high-quality can be kept；For Chinese actinidia root vertical depth up to 20-60cm,
Therefore applications of farmyard manure carries out deep ploughing and is more than 60cm, further improves the content of organic matter；Mi can be improved by digging the base-material of cave laying
The gas permeability and water-retaining property of soil below monkey peach plant root, after the river sand and garden mould mixing in base-material, soil can be effectively improved
Permeability, be advantageous to drainage waterlogging prevention, the water absorbing capacity of water-loss reducer is especially strong, can release repeatedly water, water suction, retain water and nutrients, from
And for it is arid and it is water stain have certain prevention effect, expanded perlite has sieve pore structure, it may have ventilative water retention,
The content of organic matter is high in turf, and pH value is generally 5.5-6.5, in subacidity, has inspiratory, it is possible to increase the water holding of soil,
Ventilation and the ability of fertilizer conservation, each composition coordinative role in base-material, improve the water imbibition and gas permeability of soil, meet that its is hygrophilous not
Resistance to drying, the characteristic of accumulated water, effectively prevent rotten, and are advantageous to growing for Kiwi berry lateral root and fibrous root, and prevent soil
Hardened hardening, activating soil potential fertility；The seedling of grafting is carried out to dig cave definite value, and in surface mulching straw, holding soil
The wetness on surface, combine the daily managements such as fixed dry and fertilising, it is regional suitable on Anhui Province Ying to effectively improve red kiwi fruit
Answering property is cultivated.
Beneficial effect：The present invention is summarized to the introduction and Experiment cultural method of red kiwi fruit, plants the kind
Quality performance is excellent, and yield is high, and the red kiwi fruit average yield per mu of cultivation is 1965kg, and its mouthfeel sweet tea, smell is aromatic, quality and ore deposit
The performance of the index such as material content is good, is advantageous to build up fancy fruit production base, increases farmers' income, pull regional agriculture and
The development and the industrialization of agricultural managing of rural economy.
Embodiment
Below, technical scheme is described in detail by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, stock are cultivated：Using wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis seed sowing, rootstock seedling cultivation is carried out, cultivation obtains annual grow directly from seeds
Seedling is as rootstock seedling；
S2, grafting：Select the plant of the good red kiwi fruit of stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, breediness, cut give birth to then into
Ripe green branch is less than diameter of stock as scion, scion diameter, and scion is cut into branch section, 1 full bud is left in each branch section, is adopted
Branch section is grafted onto on rootstock seedling with simple bud side grafting method, grafting time is before early spring bleeding, and 20 days after grafting, one was applied every 20 days
Secondary fertilizer, mu apply 20kg, apply altogether three times；
S3, selection of land scaffolding：Select that loosing soil, the content of organic matter are abundant, fertility is good, draining is good, it is leeward on the sunny side, it is micro-
The gentle slope tableland building well of acid soil, every mu is applied farm manure 600kg, and site preparation is turned over, scaffolding；
S4, dig cave：Depth is dug out as 50cm, long 80cm, wide 80cm planting pit in field, and seeding row spacing is determined according to 3 × 3m,
Base-material is laid in planting pit bottom, and laying height be 20cm, the base-material by river sand, turn over the garden mould after applying fertilizer, water-loss reducer, expansion
Perlite, turf are according to weight than 5：30：3：5：5 compositions；
S4, field planting：By in grafting balled transplanting in S2 to planting pit, every mu with farm manure 35kg, phosphate fertilizer 2kg with turning over
Garden mould after fertilising backfills after fully mixing thoroughly, in early spring or late fall transplanting rootstock seedling, the fixed nursery stock of having peace of mind, pours root water to soil
Pinching not dissipate is advisable, with rice straw mulching on planting pit surface, wherein the male and female plant ratio for transplanting plantation is 8 ︰ 1；
S5, do calmly：Main stem 1-2 branches are stayed during field planting, is helped with dry tie up of small bamboo, it is climbed in time along upper frame, treat that young sprout is grown to
Pinching during 1m, bearing basal shoot is with the spring tip, the summer shoot of pumping then, based on the spring tip, during bearing tree winter pruning renewal tie then
Fruit mother's branch, old branch are all wiped out, 8-10 bearing basal shoot of every plant of reservation, bearing basal shoot stays 150cm or so to be chopped, from fruitful branch
Pumping fruitful branch result, fruit thinning stays 2-3 fruit after each fruitful branch fruit setting；
S6, fertilising：Apply fertilizer 3 times within 1 year, i.e., early March applies rudiment fertilizer, thanks and fruit-promoting fertilizer is applied after spending, site preparation weight is combined after fruit picking
Basal dressing, annular ditch is dug around tree disk, mixes Kiwi berry Special basal fertilizer and soil thoroughly backfill；
S7, daily management：Soil management, water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out to field in whole process.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, stock are cultivated：Using wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis seed sowing, every mu of sowing quantity is 1.0kg, carries out rootstock seedling cultivation,
Cultivation obtains annual seedling as rootstock seedling；
S2, grafting：Select the plant of the good red kiwi fruit of stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, breediness, cut give birth to then into
Ripe green branch is less than diameter of stock as scion, scion diameter, scion is cut into branch section, the length of branch section is 1.5-2.5cm, each
1 full bud is left in branch section, branch section is grafted onto on rootstock seedling using simple bud side grafting method, with adopting with connecing, prevents branch to be dehydrated,
Grafting time is before early spring bleeding, 20 days after grafting, disposable fertilizer is applied every 20 days, mu applies 25kg, applies altogether three times；
S3, selection of land scaffolding：Select that loosing soil, the content of organic matter are abundant, fertility is good, draining is good, it is leeward on the sunny side, it is micro-
The gradient of acid soil is the gentle slope tableland building well of 7-9 degree, and every mu is applied farm manure 700kg, and site preparation is turned over, ploughed depth 65-
70cm, scaffolding；Wherein, farm manure is decomposed obtained by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：55 parts of poultry argol, poultry urine 15
Part, 10 parts of bagasse, 7 parts of soya-bean cake；
S4, dig cave：Depth is dug out as 55cm, long 80cm, wide 80cm planting pit in field, is planted using castatopsis fissa, density
For 4 × 2m, mu plants 112 plants, planting pit bottom laying base-material, and laying height is 30cm, the base-material by river sand, turn over fertilising after
Garden mould, water-loss reducer, expanded perlite, turf according to weight than 7：35：5：7：8 compositions；
S4, field planting：By in grafting balled transplanting in S2 to planting pit, every mu with farm manure 40kg, phosphate fertilizer 2.5kg with turning over
The garden mould ploughed after fertilising backfills after fully mixing thoroughly, in early spring or late fall transplanting rootstock seedling, the fixed nursery stock of having peace of mind, pours root water to mud
Soil, which is pinched not dissipate, to be advisable, with rice straw mulching on planting pit surface, wherein the male and female plant ratio for transplanting plantation is 8 ︰ 1；
S5, do calmly：Main stem 1-2 branches are stayed during field planting, is helped with dry tie up of small bamboo, it is climbed in time along upper frame, treat that young sprout is grown to
Pinching during 1m, bearing basal shoot is with the spring tip, the summer shoot of pumping then, based on the spring tip, during bearing tree winter pruning renewal tie then
Fruit mother's branch, old branch are all wiped out, 8-10 bearing basal shoot of every plant of reservation, bearing basal shoot stays 150cm or so to be chopped, from fruitful branch
Pumping fruitful branch result, fruit thinning stays 2-3 fruit after each fruitful branch fruit setting；
S6, fertilising：Applying fertilizer 3 times within 1 year, i.e., early March applies rudiment fertilizer, and rudiment fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, with reference to Potassium Fertilizer,
Every plant of bearing tree applies urea 0.3-0.5kg, potash fertilizer 0.25-0.4kg, and seedling reduces dosage；Thank and fruit-promoting fertilizer applied after spending, fruit-promoting fertilizer with
People and animals' liquid dung is coordinated to apply based on composite fertilizer, every plant of 1.5-2kg of composite fertilizer；Site preparation heavy dressing base manure is combined after fruit picking, in tree disk week
Enclose and dig deep 30cm, wide 30cm annular ditch, mix Kiwi berry Special basal fertilizer and soil thoroughly backfill；
S7, daily management：Soil management, water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out to field in whole process；Wherein,
Disease mainly prevents and treats canker, strengthens tree body management, strengthens resistance, and before annual spring germinates, spray in time prevents insect from biting
Bark, bud point, cause disease to invade, if having occurred, spray streptomycin sulphate, agricultural streptomycin or sterilizing prestige in time；Insect pest is main
Pseudaulacaspis pentagona and leafhopper are prevented and treated, before annual spring rudiment, timely 3-5 Baume degrees lime sulfur, the season of growth sprays speed and slaughtered in time
Or good labour.
Using the cultural method in the embodiment of the present invention, the red kiwi fruit average yield per mu of cultivation is 1965kg, its mouthfeel
Sweet tea, smell is aromatic, and the index such as quality and mineral matter content is tested through physical and chemical testing analysis center of Anhui Province, and quality is good, specifically
Data are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
The red kiwi fruit fruit shape of table 1 and quality parameter
The red kiwi fruit content of mineral substances parameter of table 2
As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, the yield for the red kiwi fruit cultivated in the embodiment of the present invention is high, quality better.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, stock are cultivated：Using wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis seed sowing, every mu of sowing quantity is 0.9kg, carries out rootstock seedling cultivation,
Cultivation obtains annual seedling as rootstock seedling；
S2, grafting：Select the plant of the good red kiwi fruit of stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, breediness, cut give birth to then into
Ripe green branch is less than diameter of stock as scion, scion diameter, scion is cut into branch section, the length of branch section is 1.5-2.5cm, each
1 full bud is left in branch section, branch section is grafted onto on rootstock seedling using simple bud side grafting method, with adopting with connecing, prevents branch to be dehydrated,
Grafting time is before early spring bleeding, 20 days after grafting, disposable fertilizer is applied every 20 days, mu applies 20kg, applies altogether three times；
S3, selection of land scaffolding：Select that loosing soil, the content of organic matter are abundant, fertility is good, draining is good, it is leeward on the sunny side, it is micro-
The gentle slope tableland building well of acid soil, every mu is applied farm manure 600kg, and site preparation is turned over, and ploughed depth is more than 60cm, scaffolding；Wherein,
Farm manure is decomposed obtained by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：50 parts of poultry argol, 20 parts of poultry urine, 7 parts of bagasse, soya-bean cake 10
Part；
S4, dig cave：Depth is dug out as 60cm, long 80cm, wide 80cm planting pit in field, is determined according to 3 × 3m or 4 × 5m
Seeding row spacing, planting pit bottom laying base-material, laying height be 30cm, the base-material by river sand, turn over garden mould, water conservation after applying fertilizer
Agent, expanded perlite, turf are according to weight than 5：40：3：10：5 compositions；
S4, field planting：By in grafting balled transplanting in S2 to planting pit, every mu with farm manure 35kg, phosphate fertilizer 2kg with turning over
Garden mould after fertilising backfills after fully mixing thoroughly, in early spring or late fall transplanting rootstock seedling, the fixed nursery stock of having peace of mind, pours root water to soil
Pinching not dissipate is advisable, with rice straw mulching on planting pit surface, wherein the male and female plant ratio for transplanting plantation is 8 ︰ 1；
S5, do calmly：Main stem 1-2 branches are stayed during field planting, is helped with dry tie up of small bamboo, it is climbed in time along upper frame, treat that young sprout is grown to
Pinching during 1m, bearing basal shoot is with the spring tip, the summer shoot of pumping then, based on the spring tip, during bearing tree winter pruning renewal tie then
Fruit mother's branch, old branch are all wiped out, 8-10 bearing basal shoot of every plant of reservation, bearing basal shoot stays 150cm or so to be chopped, from fruitful branch
Pumping fruitful branch result, fruit thinning stays 2-3 fruit after each fruitful branch fruit setting；
S6, fertilising：Applying fertilizer 3 times within 1 year, i.e., early March applies rudiment fertilizer, and rudiment fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, with reference to Potassium Fertilizer,
Every plant of bearing tree applies urea 0.3-0.5kg, potash fertilizer 0.25-0.4kg, and seedling reduces dosage；Thank and fruit-promoting fertilizer applied after spending, fruit-promoting fertilizer with
People and animals' liquid dung is coordinated to apply based on composite fertilizer, every plant of 1.5-2kg of composite fertilizer；Site preparation heavy dressing base manure is combined after fruit picking, in tree disk week
Enclose and dig deep 30-35cm, wide 30-35cm annular ditch, mix Kiwi berry Special basal fertilizer and soil thoroughly backfill；
S7, daily management：Soil management, water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out to field in whole process；Wherein,
Disease mainly prevents and treats canker, strengthens tree body management, strengthens resistance, and before annual spring germinates, spray in time prevents insect from biting
Bark, bud point, cause disease to invade, if having occurred, spray streptomycin sulphate, agricultural streptomycin or sterilizing prestige in time；Insect pest is main
Pseudaulacaspis pentagona and leafhopper are prevented and treated, before annual spring rudiment, timely 3-5 Baume degrees lime sulfur, the season of growth sprays speed and slaughtered in time
Or good labour.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, stock are cultivated：Using wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis seed sowing, every mu of sowing quantity is 1.1kg, carries out rootstock seedling cultivation,
Cultivation obtains annual seedling as rootstock seedling；
S2, grafting：Select the plant of the good red kiwi fruit of stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, breediness, cut give birth to then into
Ripe green branch is less than diameter of stock as scion, scion diameter, scion is cut into branch section, the length of branch section is 1.5-2.5cm, each
1 full bud is left in branch section, branch section is grafted onto on rootstock seedling using simple bud side grafting method, with adopting with connecing, prevents branch to be dehydrated,
Grafting time is before early spring bleeding, 20 days after grafting, disposable fertilizer is applied every 20 days, mu applies 30kg, applies altogether three times；
S3, selection of land scaffolding：Select that loosing soil, the content of organic matter are abundant, fertility is good, draining is good, it is leeward on the sunny side, it is micro-
The gradient of acid soil is 5 degree of gentle slope tableland building well, and every mu is applied farm manure 800kg, and site preparation is turned over, ploughed depth 65-
70cm, scaffolding；Wherein, farm manure is decomposed obtained by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：60 parts of poultry argol, poultry urine 10
Part, 15 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of soya-bean cake；
S4, dig cave：Depth is dug out as 50cm, long 80cm, wide 80cm planting pit in field, and using shed frame type, density is 3 ×
3 meters, mu plants 74 plants, and planting pit bottom laying base-material, laying height be 20cm, the base-material by river sand, turn over the garden after applying fertilizer
Soil, water-loss reducer, expanded perlite, turf are according to weight than 8：30：7：5：10 compositions；
S4, field planting：By in grafting balled transplanting in S2 to planting pit, every mu with farm manure 45kg, phosphate fertilizer 3kg with turning over
Garden mould after fertilising backfills after fully mixing thoroughly, in early spring or late fall transplanting rootstock seedling, the fixed nursery stock of having peace of mind, pours root water to soil
Pinching not dissipate is advisable, with rice straw mulching on planting pit surface, wherein the male and female plant ratio for transplanting plantation is 8 ︰ 1；
S5, do calmly：Main stem 1-2 branches are stayed during field planting, is helped with dry tie up of small bamboo, it is climbed in time along upper frame, treat that young sprout is grown to
Pinching during 1m, bearing basal shoot is with the spring tip, the summer shoot of pumping then, based on the spring tip, during bearing tree winter pruning renewal tie then
Fruit mother's branch, old branch are all wiped out, 8-10 bearing basal shoot of every plant of reservation, bearing basal shoot stays 150cm or so to be chopped, from fruitful branch
Pumping fruitful branch result, fruit thinning stays 2-3 fruit after each fruitful branch fruit setting；
S6, fertilising：Applying fertilizer 3 times within 1 year, i.e., early March applies rudiment fertilizer, and rudiment fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, with reference to Potassium Fertilizer,
Every plant of bearing tree applies urea 0.3-0.5kg, potash fertilizer 0.25-0.4kg, and seedling reduces dosage；Thank and fruit-promoting fertilizer applied after spending, fruit-promoting fertilizer with
People and animals' liquid dung is coordinated to apply based on composite fertilizer, every plant of 1.5-2kg of composite fertilizer；Site preparation heavy dressing base manure is combined after fruit picking, in tree disk week
Enclose and dig deep 35cm, wide 35cm annular ditch, mix Kiwi berry Special basal fertilizer and soil thoroughly backfill；
S7, daily management：Soil management, water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out to field in whole process；Wherein,
Disease mainly prevents and treats canker, strengthens tree body management, strengthens resistance, and before annual spring germinates, spray in time prevents insect from biting
Bark, bud point, cause disease to invade, if having occurred, spray streptomycin sulphate, agricultural streptomycin or sterilizing prestige in time；Insect pest is main
Pseudaulacaspis pentagona and leafhopper are prevented and treated, before annual spring rudiment, timely 3-5 Baume degrees lime sulfur, the season of growth sprays speed and slaughtered in time
Or good labour.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cultural method of red kiwi fruit, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, stock are cultivated：Using wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis seed sowing, rootstock seedling cultivation is carried out, cultivation obtains annual seedling and made
For rootstock seedling；
S2, grafting：The plant of the good red kiwi fruit of stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, breediness is selected, cuts the ripe green of life then
Branch is used as scion, and scion diameter is less than diameter of stock, and scion is cut into branch section, 1 full bud is left in each branch section, using list
Branch section is grafted onto on rootstock seedling by bud side grafting method, and grafting time 20 days after grafting, was applied once before early spring bleeding every 20 days
Fertilizer, mu apply 20-30kg, apply altogether three times；
S3, selection of land scaffolding：Select that loosing soil, the content of organic matter are abundant, fertility is good, draining is good, it is leeward on the sunny side, subacidity
The gentle slope tableland building well of soil, every mu is applied farm manure 600-800kg, and site preparation is turned over, scaffolding；
S4, dig cave：Depth is dug out as 50-60cm, long 80cm, wide 80cm planting pit in field, is determined according to 3 × 3m or 4 × 5m
Seeding row spacing, planting pit bottom laying base-material, laying height be 20-30cm, the base-material by river sand, turn over the garden mould after applying fertilizer,
Water-loss reducer, expanded perlite, turf compare 5-8 according to weight：30-40：3-7：5-10：5-10 is formed；
S4, field planting：By in grafting balled transplanting in S2 to planting pit, every mu with farm manure 35-45kg, phosphate fertilizer 2-3kg with turning over
The garden mould ploughed after fertilising backfills after fully mixing thoroughly, in early spring or late fall transplanting rootstock seedling, the fixed nursery stock of having peace of mind, pours root water to mud
Soil, which is pinched not dissipate, to be advisable, with rice straw mulching on planting pit surface, wherein the male and female plant ratio for transplanting plantation is 8 ︰ 1；
S5, do calmly：Main stem 1-2 branches are stayed during field planting, are helped with dry tie up of small bamboo, it is climbed in time along upper frame, when young sprout grows to 1m
Pinching, bearing basal shoot is with the spring tip, the summer shoot of pumping then, based on the spring tip, during bearing tree winter pruning renewal when annual bearing it is female
Branch, old branch are all wiped out, and 8-10 bearing basal shoot of every plant of reservation, bearing basal shoot stays 150cm or so to be chopped, from fruitful branch pumping
Fruitful branch result, fruit thinning stays 2-3 fruit after each fruitful branch fruit setting；
S6, fertilising：Apply fertilizer 3 times within 1 year, i.e., early March applies rudiment fertilizer, thanks and fruit-promoting fertilizer is applied after spending, site preparation heavy dressing base is combined after fruit picking
Fertilizer, annular ditch is dug around tree disk, mixes Kiwi berry Special basal fertilizer and soil thoroughly backfill；
S7, daily management：Soil management, water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out to field in whole process.
A kind of 2. cultural method of red kiwi fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S1, wild Mi
The live every mu of sowing quantity of monkey peach seeds is 0.9-1.1kg.
A kind of 3. cultural method of red kiwi fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S2, branch section
Length is 1.5-2.5cm.
4. the cultural method of a kind of red kiwi fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S2, grafting will
Ask with adopting with connecing, prevent branch to be dehydrated.
A kind of 5. cultural method of red kiwi fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S3, gentle slope platform
The gradient on ground is 5-15 degree.
A kind of 6. cultural method of red kiwi fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S3, farm manure
It is decomposed obtained by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：Poultry argol 50-60 parts, poultry urine 10-20 parts, bagasse 7-15 parts, beans
Cake 5-10 parts.
7. the cultural method of a kind of red kiwi fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S3, turn over depth
Degree is more than 60cm.
A kind of 8. cultural method of red kiwi fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S6, rudiment fertilizer
Based on nitrogenous fertilizer, with reference to Potassium Fertilizer, every plant is applied urea 0.2-0.5kg, potash fertilizer 0.1-0.4kg；Fruit-promoting fertilizer is based on composite fertilizer
People and animals' liquid dung is coordinated to apply, every plant of 1.5-2kg of composite fertilizer.
A kind of 9. cultural method of red kiwi fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S6, annular ditch
Deep 30-35cm, wide 30-35cm.
A kind of 10. cultural method of red kiwi fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S7, disease master
Prevent and treat canker, strengthen tree body management, strengthen resistance, before annual spring germinates, spray in time prevents that insect from biting bark, bud
Point, cause disease to invade, if having occurred, spray streptomycin sulphate, agricultural streptomycin or sterilizing prestige in time；Insect pest mainly prevents and treats mulberry shield
A red-spotted lizard and leafhopper, before annual spring rudiment, timely 3-5 Baume degrees lime sulfur, the season of growth sprays speed and slaughtered or good labour in time.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108812007A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-11-16 | 申琳 | A method of control Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker |
| CN108849210A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-23 | 温州科技职业学院 | The cultural method of one seed pod mulberry interplanting saving water, resisting drought rice |
| CN109089581A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-28 | 凯里市养龙宝种养殖专业合作社 | The engrafting method and preventing control method of the red kiwi fruit of Canker-Resistance |
| CN110574667A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-17 | 西北农林科技大学 | establishment method and application of kiwi plant sand culture technology system |
| CN112262699A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-26 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Cultivation method for accurately fertilizing, high-quality and high-yield Hongyang kiwi fruits |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108812007A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-11-16 | 申琳 | A method of control Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker |
| CN109089581A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-28 | 凯里市养龙宝种养殖专业合作社 | The engrafting method and preventing control method of the red kiwi fruit of Canker-Resistance |
| CN108849210A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-23 | 温州科技职业学院 | The cultural method of one seed pod mulberry interplanting saving water, resisting drought rice |
| CN110574667A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-17 | 西北农林科技大学 | establishment method and application of kiwi plant sand culture technology system |
| CN112262699A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-26 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Cultivation method for accurately fertilizing, high-quality and high-yield Hongyang kiwi fruits |
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