CN114631464A - Interplanting method for flower-leaf type industrial hemp - Google Patents
Interplanting method for flower-leaf type industrial hemp Download PDFInfo
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- CN114631464A CN114631464A CN202011483869.8A CN202011483869A CN114631464A CN 114631464 A CN114631464 A CN 114631464A CN 202011483869 A CN202011483869 A CN 202011483869A CN 114631464 A CN114631464 A CN 114631464A
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- QHMBSVQNZZTUGM-ZWKOTPCHSA-N cannabidiol Chemical compound OC1=CC(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C1[C@H]1[C@H](C(C)=C)CCC(C)=C1 QHMBSVQNZZTUGM-ZWKOTPCHSA-N 0.000 description 8
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an interplanting method of flower-leaf type industrial hemp, wherein pinellia ternate is interplanted among plant lines of the flower-leaf type industrial hemp. The interplanting method provided by the invention effectively inhibits the growth of row weeds of the flower-leaf industrial hemp, improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the land, ensures that the growth cycles of the pinellia ternate and the flower-leaf industrial hemp are close to each other, can simultaneously follow the field management of the pinellia ternate and the flower-leaf industrial hemp, enables the rich water to be mutually crossed, can be fully utilized, reduces the loss and the waste, greatly improves the comprehensive economic benefit, and plays a positive promoting role in the wide planting and application of the industrial hemp.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to an interplanting method of flower-leaf type industrial hemp.
Background
Industrial hemp, also known as hemp, an annual herb, has no value of extracting toxic components or directly taking the drug because the content of addictive substance tetrahydrocannabinol in the industrial hemp is less than 0.3%, so that the industrial hemp can be legally and massively planted and industrially developed and utilized. The industrial hemp has wide application, and can be applied to various fields of textile, paper making, food, medicine, daily chemicals, leather, building, decoration, packaging and the like.
In the conventional field planting of the mosaic type industrial hemp, the row spacing of plants is usually large so that the plants have enough growth space, and in addition, the method also has the advantages of fully absorbing solar illumination, ensuring ventilation, being beneficial to root tying and lodging resistance, being convenient for drainage and irrigation and the like, and has great significance for the final yield and quality of the mosaic type industrial hemp.
Aiming at the planting characteristics of the existing mosaic type industrial hemp, Chinese patent CN 110754312A discloses an open-air industrial hemp interplanting method, which can solve the problem of excess fertilizer in soil for planting the industrial hemp by interplanting the industrial hemp and salvia miltiorrhiza, and realize the yield and income increase of the industrial hemp, but because the growth cycle of the interplanted salvia miltiorrhiza is longer and the market change is large, the benefit risk is larger, the follow-up management is not easy, and the land finishing during the continuous cropping of the mosaic type industrial hemp in the next year is easily influenced.
Accordingly, there is still a need to develop a new planting method of industrial hemp in mosaic type to overcome the existing drawbacks and to provide planting efficiency and economic benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the planting defects of the existing mosaic industrial hemp, the invention aims to provide the interplanting method of the mosaic industrial hemp, which can effectively inhibit the growth of weeds among rows and improve the land utilization efficiency, and can fully utilize fertilizer and water, thereby realizing the yield increase and income creation of the mosaic industrial hemp and interplanted crops and improving the comprehensive economic benefit.
The interplanting method of the mosaic industrial hemp provided by the invention comprises the following steps: pinellia ternata is interplanted among the plant rows of the mosaic type industrial hemp.
Pinellia ternate (Pinelliaternate (Thunb.) Breit) is one of the common Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese pharmacopoeia of the Araceae family. The artificial planting of pinellia is an important and effective way for solving the contradiction between supply and demand of raw materials and developing local biological medicine industry at present. Pinellia ternate has shallow roots, is fond of mild, humid climate, drought and high temperature, is suitable for growing in half-yin and half-yang in summer, is photophobic, and requires moist, fertile and deep soil. The inventor finds that pinellia ternate is strong in negative resistance, is particularly suitable for interplanting with mosaic industrial hemp, is short in growth period, close to the seeding period and the harvesting period, can be synchronously managed and cross-benefited, can achieve the purposes of inhibiting the growth of row weeds of the mosaic industrial hemp and improving the land utilization rate, can increase both production and income, does not influence subsequent planting planning mutually, is strong in market risk resistance, is easy to realize income creation, and is high in economic benefit.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, the flower-leaf industrial hemp and pinellia ternate varieties can be any common varieties. In some preferred embodiments, the floral industrial cannabis selects varieties that are high in Cannabidiol (CBD) and can be used for production by review, such as yunnan 7; the pinellia ternata is selected from a good variety which has the advantages of fast plant growth, strong stress resistance, large plant bud, fast growth and suitability for local planting, such as wild pinellia ternata.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, the seeding time of the pinellia ternate and the mosaic industrial hemp is basically consistent, the seeding is generally carried out from the first ten days of 4 months to the middle ten days of 5 months, the early seeding is suitable, and the seeding can be carried out according to the local corn seeding time; in some preferred embodiments, the floral industrial hemp may be sown in mid-to late-4 months. In other preferred embodiments, the seeding of the pinellia ternata may be 0 to 15 days later than the mosaic industrial hemp; in a more preferred embodiment, the seeding of the pinellia ternata may be 3 to 10 days later than the floral industrial hemp.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, the planting mode of the mosaic industrial hemp can be a conventional mode, including but not limited to film mulching planting, open field planting, ridging planting, flat land planting and the like; in some preferred embodiments, the mosaic industrial hemp is planted in open air on a flat ground. The planting row spacing of the mosaic industrial hemp can be the conventional row spacing; in some preferred embodiments, the row spacing may be (80-120) cm x (120-200) cm (row spacing x row spacing).
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, the sowing ponds among the rows of the mosaic industrial hemp can be arranged in a quincunx shape, the diameter of the pond mouth can be 15-25 cm, the pond depth can be 2-4 cm, and 5-8 seeds can be sowed in each pond.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, the planting mode of the pinellia ternata can be ridging planting; in some preferred embodiments, the ridge height can be 20-30 cm, the ridge width can be 60-120 cm, and the planting row spacing of the pinellia ternata can be (3-5) cm x (8-10) cm (plant spacing x row spacing).
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, tuber or bulbil collected in the first year, which is collectively called seed stem, is adopted as the seed for producing the pinellia ternata, and strong seed stem which is large, has no disease spots and is not mildewed is selected as the propagation material. In some preferred embodiments, the seeding rate of pinellia ternata is 120-160 kg of seed stems per mu, the seed stems are sown with the bud points facing upwards, and the soil penetration depth is 1-3 cm. During sowing, seed stems can be directly pressed into soil with loose ridge moisture surface by hands, and water should be timely poured through the soil after sowing.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, the seed stems can be sterilized before sowing. In some preferred embodiments, the seed stems can be soaked in a 1000-fold solution of 50% carbendazim or a soaking solution of 3-8 wt% plant ash for 1-5 h before sowing, and then taken out and spread for drying.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, land suitable for growing the mosaic industrial hemp is usually selected, and land suitable for growing the pinellia ternata is further selected on the basis. In some preferred embodiments, the interplanting of the pinellia ternate and the mosaic industrial hemp is carried out by selecting a loose fertile land with a certain slope, a lee and a sunny, moist or irrigation condition, turning over 2-3 times in the first autumn and fully solarizing, disinfecting and sterilizing, finishing soil 3-5 days before planting the mosaic industrial hemp, weeding, mixing decomposed farmyard manure 1-2 t/mu and N: p: k is (14-16): (14-16): and (14) taking 20-30 kg/mu of compound fertilizer of (14-16) as base fertilizer, and uniformly preparing seeds by turning over and harrowing for multiple times.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, field management in the crop production period can be carried out according to respective growth characteristics of pinellia ternate and industrial hemp flowers and leaves, and comprises thinning and final singling, water management, weeding, additional fertilization and the like.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, when the seedling height of the flower-leaf industrial hemp is 20-30 cm, thinning and final singling are needed in time, and spindly seedlings, dwarf seedlings and pest seedlings are pulled out, and 3 seedlings are left in each pond; rhizoma Pinelliae needs no thinning and final singling.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, the moisture management of the flower leaf type industrial hemp and the pinellia ternata can be carried out simultaneously, watering is required to be paid attention at any time after seeding, the soil humidity is kept at about 60%, water is watered thoroughly at one time during seeding, and then the moisture is supplemented properly according to the weather conditions. When the rainy season comes, the moisture is sufficient, the diseases are easy to occur under the high-temperature and high-humidity condition, the water is drained and controlled according to the field condition, water cannot be accumulated, and the soil cannot be kept in a high-humidity state for a long time.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, the weeding of the mosaic industrial hemp and the pinellia ternate can be carried out simultaneously, and the artificial weeding is carried out under the condition that the front-looking weed growth is not carried out on the mosaic industrial hemp.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, the topdressing of the mosaic industrial hemp and pinellia ternata can be carried out step by step according to respective growth rules. In some preferred embodiments, 8-10 kg of urea can be applied per mu when the flower-leaf industrial hemp grows to 60-80 cm high; the pinellia ternate can be additionally fertilized once respectively (two times in total) when plant buds grow on stems after seedling emergence and when lodging occurs or flowering season occurs, and N is additionally fertilized per mu each time: p: k is (14-16): (14-16): (14-16) 5-8 kg of compound fertilizer. When the compound fertilizer is applied, the compound fertilizer can be directly spread on the moist soil surface, but watering is carried out for many times in time until the compound fertilizer is completely dissolved, or the compound fertilizer can be dissolved firstly and sprayed after dilution, or liquid fertilizer can be directly applied.
In the interplanting method provided by the invention, the crops can be harvested flexibly according to the respective growth conditions and maturation conditions of the mosaic industrial hemp and the pinellia ternata. When the male hemp of the flower-leaf type industrial hemp gradually buds and can distinguish the male plants and the female plants, the male plant leaves are harvested in time, timely, thorough and clean are necessarily achieved, more space is left for the female plants to fully grow, the female plant leaves must be harvested before the hemp seeds are filled in the milk and are full (the hemp seeds are hardened), and the period is about 3-4 weeks after the male plant is harvested. For pinellia ternate, when pinellia ternate leaves are withered and yellow and naturally fall down, underground tubers can be harvested, when the pinellia ternate is harvested, the ground bulbils need to be picked up firstly to be used as seed stems, and then the underground tubers are dug out or special harvesting mechanical equipment is used for harvesting the tubers.
Compared with the traditional single-cropping planting method of the mosaic industrial hemp, the interplanting method provided by the invention can effectively realize yield increase and income increase under the same planting area. The yield per mu of the mosaic type industrial hemp in the interplanting mode can be increased by 12-18 percent compared with the conventional single-crop mosaic type industrial hemp. Meanwhile, the interplanting mode provided by the invention also realizes the income creating of pinellia ternate, 80-135 kg of dried pinellia ternate (the market price is 90-100 yuan/kg) can be produced per mu, and in addition, 125-200 kg of pinellia ternate seedballs and seedlings can be collected per mu. According to the interplanting method, the cost of fertilizers, manual planting, management and the like is removed, and the yield per mu can be increased by 3000-7000 yuan.
The interplanting method provided by the invention has the advantages that the traditional Chinese medicine pinellia ternata which has the growth cycle close to that of the mosaic industrial hemp and strong negative resistance is interplanted among the rows of the mosaic industrial hemp, and the planting mode, the planting density, the seeding amount and the like of the pinellia ternata are set in a targeted manner, so that the growth of weeds among the rows of the mosaic industrial hemp is effectively inhibited, the weeding cost is reduced, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the land is improved. The growth cycle of the pinellia ternate and the growth cycle of the industrial hemp are close to each other, and the field management of the pinellia ternate and the industrial hemp can be followed at the same time, so that the fertilizer and water are crossed with each other, the fertilizer and water can be fully utilized, the loss and the waste are reduced, the planting cost is saved, the comprehensive economic benefit is greatly improved, and the method plays a positive promoting role in the wide planting and application of the industrial hemp. In addition, the growth cycle of the pinellia ternata is relatively short, the market risk resistance of the planted pinellia ternata is high, a grower can timely adjust according to market conditions, the pinellia ternata and the flower-leaf type industrial hemp are harvested at the same period basically, and the subsequent planting plan of the flower-leaf type industrial hemp is not influenced.
In conclusion, the interplanting method provided by the invention not only has higher economic value, but also has important social value, so the method has a very good application prospect.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
1. Time of day
Year 2020, months 4-10.
2. Location of a site
Yunji communities in town of Yi nationality of Dian-seeking Hui nationality of Yunnan province.
3. Selecting land and preparing land
The selected land is 2 mu of moist, loose and fertile gentle slope land of a large pond of a cloud community, the soil is yellow sandy soil, and the land is ploughed for 2 times in the first autumn and is fully solarized, disinfected and sterilized.
Land preparation is carried out for 10 days after 4 months, weeds are removed, and thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure is mixed for 1 t/mu and N: p: k15: 15: 15 kg/mu of compound fertilizer (total nutrient content is more than or equal to 45%) is used as base fertilizer, and the seeds are uniformly prepared by plowing.
4. Variety information
Floral leaf type industrial hemp varieties: yunnan 7 # s;
pinellia ternata variety: wild pinellia tuber of Japanse Galangal.
5. Design of implementation
Interplanting industrial hemp with pinellia ternata (L.) planch with a land area of 1 mu;
the mosaic type industrial hemp is used singly, and the land area is 1 mu.
6. Seeding
Sowing of flower-leaf type industrial hemp: yuma No. 7 is sown in 15 days of 4 months, the row spacing is about 80cm multiplied by 120cm, the planting is carried out in open air on a flat ground, and the sowing ponds between rows are arranged in a quincunx shape. Digging a sowing pond on the prepared land, wherein the diameter of a pond opening is about 20cm, the depth of the pond is 2-3cm, 5-8 seeds are sowed in each pond, and about 110g of seeds are used for single-crop and interplanted acres of the mosaic industrial hemp.
Sowing pinellia ternata: and (4) ridging the planting rows of Yunxian No. 7 in 20 days in 4 months, wherein the ridging height is about 20cm, and the width is about 80cm, and sowing of the wild pinellia ternata is carried out. Selecting big, scab-free and mildew-free strong seed stems as propagation materials, soaking the selected semi-summer seeds for 2 hours by using 1000 times of 50% carbendazim solution, taking out, spreading and drying in the air. During sowing, seed stems are directly pressed into soil with loose ridge moisture surfaces by hands, the soil is about 2cm, the bud points of the seed stems are required to be upward, the row spacing of the sowed plants is about 3cm multiplied by 8cm, the sowing quantity of the pinellia ternata in the interplanting mode is 120 kg/mu, and water is timely poured and permeated after sowing.
7. Management of field
First, thinning and final singling
When the height of the seedlings of the flower-leaf industrial hemp is 20cm-30cm, pulling out spindly seedlings, short seedlings and pest seedlings, and reserving 3 seedlings in each pond; rhizoma Pinelliae needs no thinning and final singling.
② moisture management
The moisture management of the flower-leaf industrial hemp and the pinellia ternata is carried out simultaneously, water is watered thoroughly once during sowing, and the soil humidity is kept at about 60 percent after sowing according to the weather conditions for 2 times. When 8 months rainy season comes, dig the escape canal drainage.
③ weeding
Carrying out artificial weeding on the flower-leaf industrial hemp and the pinellia ternate for 2 times in the middle of 5 months to 7 months, and blocking the rows of the flower-leaf industrial hemp after 7 months to inhibit the emergence and growth of weeds.
Top application of fertilizer
Topdressing of mosaic industrial hemp: in 6 months, 10kg of urea is applied to each mu when the height of the seedlings is 60cm-80 cm.
And (3) topdressing of pinellia ternata: after pinellia ternata seedlings grow in 6 months, plant buds grow on stems, and the first additional fertilization is carried out, wherein the weight ratio of N: p: k15: 15: 15, the compound fertilizer is used in an amount of 6 kg/mu and is directly spread on the soil moisture surface in rainy days; and performing secondary additional fertilization when the pinellia ternate falls down in the later period, wherein the dosage of the additional fertilization is the same as that of the primary additional fertilization of the pinellia ternate.
8. Harvesting at the right time
Harvesting of mosaic industrial hemp: after 8 months, the male ramie gradually buds, all the flowers and leaves of the male plant are timely and thoroughly collected, aired and bagged, and more space is reserved for the full growth of the female plant; and (3) when the female hemp seeds are grouted in 9 months, the flowers and leaves of the female plants are collected, aired and bagged. In the interplanting mode, the flower and leaf mixed dry flowers and leaves can be harvested by each pond for the flower and leaf industrial hemp in a quantity of 0.25kg-0.3kg, and the yield per mu is about 190.5 kg; the yield per mu of the industrial hemp flowers with single flower leaves is about 169.5kg of flower leaves dry product. After detection, the CBD content of the mixed male and female hemp is averagely 0.7 percent, the THC content is lower than 0.3 percent, and the CBD and THC content differences of the interplanting and single cropping mosaic type industrial hemp are not obvious, so that the commercial harvesting standard of the mosaic type industrial hemp is achieved.
Harvesting pinellia ternata: in the last 9 months, the temperature is reduced, the pinellia ternate leaves are withered and yellow and naturally lodging, then underground tubers are harvested, when the pinellia ternate leaves are harvested, the ground bulbels are picked up firstly to be used as seed stems, then the underground tubers are dug out, and the tubers are bagged after being cleaned and aired. The yield per mu of the dried pinellia tuber is about 80kg, and the yield per mu of the seedlings of the pinellia tuber seedball can be about 175 kg.
Example 2
1. Time of day
Year 2020, months 4-10.
2. Location of a site
Yunji communities in town of Yi nationality of Dian-seeking Hui nationality of Yunnan province.
3. Selecting land and preparing land
The selected land is 2 mu of moist, loose and fertile gentle slope land of Yunji community Fajiawan, the soil is yellow sandy soil, and the land is ploughed for 2 times in the first autumn and is fully solarized, disinfected and sterilized.
Land preparation is carried out for 10 days after 4 months, weeds are removed, and thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure is mixed for 1 t/mu and N: p: k-15: 15: 15 kg/mu of compound fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, and the seeds are uniformly prepared by turning and harrowing.
4. Variety information
Floral leaf type industrial hemp varieties: yunnan 7 # s;
pinellia ternata variety: wild pinellia tuber of Japanse Galangal.
5. Design of implementation
Interplanting the mosaic industrial hemp and the pinellia ternata, wherein the land area is 1 mu;
the industrial hemp with mosaic type is used singly, and the land area is 1 mu.
6. Seeding
Sowing of flower-leaf type industrial hemp: yuma No. 7 is sown in 15 days of 4 months, the row spacing is about 80cm multiplied by 160cm, the planting is carried out in open air on a flat ground, and the sowing ponds between rows are arranged in a quincunx shape. Digging a sowing pond on the prepared land, wherein the diameter of a pond opening is about 20cm, the pond depth is 2-3cm, 5-8 seeds are sowed in each pond, and 85g of seeds are used for single-crop and interplanted acres of the mosaic industrial hemp.
Sowing pinellia ternata: and (4) in 20 days in 4 months, ridging the planting rows of the Yunuma No. 7 with the height of about 20cm and the width of about 120cm to sow the wild pinellia tuber. Selecting big, scab-free and mildew-free strong seed stems as propagation materials, soaking the selected semi-summer seeds for 2 hours by using 1000 times of 50% carbendazim solution, taking out, spreading and drying in the air. During sowing, seed stems are directly pressed into soil with loose ridge moisture surfaces by hands, the soil is about 2cm, the bud points of the seed stems are upward, the row spacing of the sowed plants is about 3cm multiplied by 8cm, the sowing quantity of the pinellia ternata in the interplanting mode is 160 kg/mu, and water is timely poured and permeated after sowing.
7. Field management
First, thinning and final singling
When the seedling height of the flower-leaf type industrial hemp is 20cm-30cm, pulling out spindly seedling, short seedling and pest seedling, and reserving 3 seedlings in each pond; rhizoma Pinelliae needs no thinning and final singling.
Management of water content
The moisture management of the flower-leaf industrial hemp and the pinellia ternata is carried out simultaneously, water is watered thoroughly once during sowing, and the soil humidity is kept at about 60 percent after sowing according to the weather conditions for 2 times. When 8 months rainy season comes, dig the escape canal drainage.
Thirdly weeding
Carrying out artificial weeding on the flower-leaf industrial hemp and the pinellia ternate for 2 times in the middle of 5 months to 7 months, and blocking the rows of the flower-leaf industrial hemp after 7 months to inhibit the emergence and growth of weeds.
Top application of fertilizer
Topdressing of mosaic industrial hemp: in 6 months, 10kg of urea is additionally applied to each mu when the seedlings are 60cm-80cm high.
And (3) topdressing of pinellia ternata: after pinellia ternata seedlings grow in 6 months, plant buds grow on stems, and the first additional fertilization is carried out, wherein the weight ratio of N: p: k15: 15: 15, the compound fertilizer is used in an amount of 6 kg/mu and is directly spread on the soil moisture surface in rainy days; and performing secondary additional fertilization when the pinellia ternata falls down in the later period, wherein the using amount is the same as that of the primary additional fertilization of the pinellia ternata.
8. Harvesting at the right time
Harvesting of mosaic industrial hemp: after 8 months, the male ramie gradually buds, all the flowers and leaves of the male plant are timely and thoroughly collected, aired and bagged, and more space is reserved for the full growth of the female plant; and (3) when the female hemp seeds are grouted in 9 months, the flowers and leaves of the female plants are collected, aired and bagged. In the interplanting mode, the flower and leaf mixed dry flowers and leaves can be harvested by each pond for the mosaic industrial hemp in a range of 0.34kg to 0.38kg, and the yield per mu is about 208.5 kg; the yield per mu of the industrial hemp is about 180kg of the dried flower and leaf. After detection, the CBD content of the mixed male and female hemp is averagely 0.7 percent, the THC content is lower than 0.3 percent, and the CBD and THC content differences of the interplanting and single cropping mosaic type industrial hemp are not obvious, so that the commercial harvesting standard of the mosaic type industrial hemp is achieved.
Harvesting pinellia ternata: in the last 9 th month, the temperature is reduced, the pinellia ternata leaves are withered and yellow and naturally lodged, then underground tubers are harvested, when harvesting, the ground bulbels are picked up firstly to be used as seed stems, then the underground tubers are dug out, and the tubers are bagged after being cleaned and aired. The yield per mu of the dried pinellia tuber is about 105kg, and in addition, about 200kg of the seedlings of the pinellia tuber seedballs can be harvested.
Example 3
1. Time of day
Year 2020, months 4-10.
2. Location of a site
Yunji communities in town of Yi nationality of Dian-seeking Hui nationality of Yunnan province.
3. Selecting land and preparing land
The selected land is 2 mu of moist, loose and fertile gentle slope land of Yunji community Fajiawan, the soil is yellow sandy soil, and the land is ploughed for 2 times in the first autumn and is fully solarized, disinfected and sterilized.
And (3) land preparation is carried out for 10 days after 4 months, weeds are hoed, and the mixed thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure is 1 t/mu and N: p: k15: 15: 15 kg/mu of compound fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, and the seeds are uniformly prepared by turning and harrowing.
4. Variety information
Floral leaf type industrial hemp varieties: yunnan 7 # s;
pinellia ternata variety: wild pinellia tuber of Shanshan mountain north.
5. Design of implementation
Interplanting the mosaic industrial hemp and the pinellia ternata, wherein the land area is 1 mu;
the mosaic type industrial hemp is used singly, and the land area is 1 mu.
6. Seeding
Sowing of flower-leaf type industrial hemp: yuma No. 7 is sown in 15 days of 4 months, the row spacing is about 80cm multiplied by 160cm, the planting is carried out in open air on a flat ground, and the sowing ponds between rows are arranged in a quincunx shape. Digging a sowing pond on the prepared land, wherein the diameter of a pond opening is about 20cm, the pond depth is 2-3cm, 5-8 seeds are sowed in each pond, and 85g of seeds are used for single-crop and interplanted acres of the mosaic industrial hemp.
Sowing pinellia ternata: and (4) in 20 days in 4 months, ridging the planting rows of the Yunuma No. 7 with the height of about 20cm and the width of about 120cm to sow the wild pinellia tuber. Selecting large, disease spot-free and mildew-free strong seed stems as propagation materials, soaking the selected half summer seeds for 2 hours by using 1000 times of 50% carbendazim solution, and then taking out and spreading for drying in the air. During sowing, the seed stems are directly pressed into soil with loose ridge moisture surface by hands, the soil is about 2cm, the bud points of the seed stems are upward, the row spacing of the sowed plants is about 5cm multiplied by 10cm, the sowing quantity of the pinellia ternata in the interplanting mode is 140 kg/mu, and the pinellia ternata is watered thoroughly in time after sowing.
7. Management of field
First, thinning and final singling
When the seedling height of the flower-leaf type industrial hemp is 20cm-30cm, pulling out spindly seedling, short seedling and pest seedling, and reserving 3 seedlings in each pond; the pinellia does not need thinning and final singling.
② moisture management
The moisture management of the flower-leaf industrial hemp and the pinellia ternata is carried out simultaneously, water is watered thoroughly once during sowing, and the soil humidity is kept at about 60 percent after sowing according to the weather conditions for 2 times. When 8 months rainy season comes, dig the escape canal drainage.
Thirdly weeding
Carrying out artificial weeding on the flower-leaf industrial hemp and the pinellia ternate for 2 times in the middle of 5 months to 7 months, and blocking the rows of the flower-leaf industrial hemp after 7 months to inhibit the emergence and growth of weeds.
Fourthly, additional fertilizer
Topdressing of mosaic industrial hemp: in 6 months, 10kg of urea is applied to each mu when the height of the seedlings is 60cm-80 cm.
And (3) topdressing of pinellia ternata: after pinellia ternata seedlings grow in 6 months, plant buds grow on stems, and the first additional fertilization is carried out, wherein the weight ratio of N: p: k15: 15: 15, the compound fertilizer is used in an amount of 6 kg/mu and is directly spread on the soil moisture surface in rainy days; and performing secondary additional fertilization when the pinellia ternata falls down in the later period, wherein the using amount is the same as that of the primary additional fertilization of the pinellia ternata.
8. Harvesting at the right time
Harvesting of mosaic industrial hemp: after 8 months, the male ramie gradually buds, all the flowers and leaves of the male plant are timely and thoroughly collected, aired and bagged, and more space is reserved for the full growth of the female plant; and (3) when the female hemp seeds are grouted in 9 months, the flowers and leaves of the female plants are collected, aired and bagged. In the interplanting mode, the flower and leaf mixed dry flowers and leaves can be harvested by 0.34kg-0.38kg per pond for the mosaic industrial hemp, and the yield per mu is about 210 kg; the yield per mu of the single-crop flower and leaf type industrial hemp is about 178 kg. After detection, the CBD content of the mixed male and female hemp is averagely 0.7 percent, the THC content is lower than 0.3 percent, and the CBD and THC content differences of the interplanting and single cropping mosaic type industrial hemp are not obvious, so that the commercial harvesting standard of the mosaic type industrial hemp is achieved. .
Harvesting pinellia ternata: in the last 9 th month, the temperature is reduced, the pinellia ternata leaves are withered and yellow and naturally lodged, then underground tubers are harvested, when harvesting, the ground bulbels are picked up firstly to be used as seed stems, then the underground tubers are dug out, and the tubers are bagged after being cleaned and aired. The yield of dried pinellia tuber per mu is about 135kg, and the yield of seedlings of pinellia tuber seedball can be harvested about 125 kg.
From the examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that, compared with the single crop of the mosaic type industrial hemp, the interplanting method of the invention can realize the great yield increase of the mosaic type industrial hemp and the income generation of the traditional Chinese medicine pinellia ternate, thereby generating great economic benefit. Moreover, the interplanting method is simple in planting process and convenient for flow management, so that the method is easy to popularize and can realize large-scale intensive planting.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art.
The described embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art may make various other substitutions, alterations, and modifications within the scope of the present invention, and thus, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments but only by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for interplanting industrial hemp in flower and leaf type is characterized in that pinellia ternate is interplanted among plant rows of the industrial hemp in flower and leaf type.
2. The interplanting method according to claim 1, wherein the floral industrial hemp and the pinellia ternate are sown in the first to middle of 4 to 5 months; preferably, the flower-leaf industrial hemp is sown in the middle and late 4 months.
3. The interplanting method of claim 2, wherein the seeding of the pinellia ternata is 0-15 days later than the planting of the mosaic industrial hemp; preferably, the seeding of the pinellia ternata is 3-10 days later than that of the flower-leaf industrial hemp.
4. An interplanting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mosaic industrial hemp is planted in a mulching film, open field, ridging or flat land, and the row spacing is (80 to 120) cm x (120 to 200) cm.
5. The interplanting method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pinellia ternate is planted in a ridge forming mode, the ridge height is 20-30 cm, the ridge width is 60-120 cm, and the plant-row spacing is (3-5) cm x (8-10) cm.
6. The interplanting method of claim 5, wherein the seeding rate of the pinellia ternata is 120-160 kg of seed stems per mu.
7. The interplanting method of claim 6, wherein the seed stems are soaked in a 50% carbendazim 1000-fold solution or a 3-8 wt% plant ash soaking solution for 1-5 hours before sowing, and then are taken out and spread for airing.
8. The interplanting method of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the land used for the interplanting method is plowed 2 to 3 times in the first autumn and sufficiently solarized, disinfected and sterilized, soil conditioning is performed 3 to 5 days before planting the mosaic industrial hemp, weeds are removed, and thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure is mixed for 1 to 2 t/mu and N: p: k is (14-16): (14-16): and (14-16) using 20-30 kg/mu of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer, and uniformly preparing seeds by turning and harrowing for multiple times.
9. The interplanting method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein 8 to 10kg of urea is applied to each mu when the mosaic industrial hemp grows to a seedling height of 60 to 80 cm; and (3) topdressing the pinellia ternata once respectively when plant buds grow on stems after seedling emergence and when lodging occurs or flowering season occurs, and topdressing N is performed every mu: p: k is (14-16): (14-16): (14-16) 5-8 kg of compound fertilizer.
10. The interplanting method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the mosaic industrial hemp is ambary 7; the rhizoma Pinelliae is wild rhizoma Pinelliae.
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