CN109328836A - A kind of large cherry improved-spindle pruning method - Google Patents
A kind of large cherry improved-spindle pruning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109328836A CN109328836A CN201811369223.XA CN201811369223A CN109328836A CN 109328836 A CN109328836 A CN 109328836A CN 201811369223 A CN201811369223 A CN 201811369223A CN 109328836 A CN109328836 A CN 109328836A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of large cherry improved-spindle pruning method, First Year Culture Center leader is dry；Second year is returned and is cut, fixed dry apart from ground 0.6-0.8 meter, stays terminal bud, and deduction 2,3,4 bud of clip stays 5,6,7 buds, at ground 0.6-0.8 meters until；In third year, distance, which has been drawn, starts to carve bud at branch height 50cm, and every 20cm carves that bud is primary, carves between the sprout of bud every time not in a plane and mutually forms an angle of 90 degrees, carves bud four to five times, remaining sprout is erased, and in 2.5 meters of eminence cutting backs of trunk；The molding of this method nursery stock is fast, and major branch is sturdy, is conducive to control hat width, tree body size and dry height according to growing space, and branch is evenly distributed, well arranged, and certain spacing is kept between each layer, and ventilation and penetrating light is good, can the molding of one side fruit tree, one side result.
Description
Technical field
A kind of large cherry improved-spindle pruning method of the present invention, belongs to planting fruit trees technical field.
Background technique
Large cherry is one of maximum tree species of increment in deciduous fruit tree, and tree vigo(u)r is strong, and growth is vigorous, and rudiment power is strong, Cheng Zhi
Power is weak, extremely sensitive to pruning reaction.Under natural conditions, Growth status is vigorous, and crotch angle is small, as a result late at difficulty is spent, and produces
Measure low, the high disaster picking of tree body.
So the pruning of large cherry is the guarantee of harvesting high-quality high-yield, and commonly trim strong prosperous or weak, the Bu Nengping of tree vigo(u)r
Weigh tree vigo(u)r, and daily management mission amount is big, is unsuitable for planting culture and economic benefit is low, and fruit quality height is uneven, cannot early stage
High yield.
Summary of the invention
To solve the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention discloses a kind of large cherry improved-spindle pruning methods, should
The molding of method nursery stock is fast, and major branch is sturdy, is conducive to control hat width, tree body size according to growing space and does height, and branch is evenly distributed,
It is well arranged, certain spacing is kept between each layer, ventilation and penetrating light is good, can one side fruit tree molding, one side result.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of large cherry improved-spindle, the improved-spindle tree management index are as follows: set 2.3-2.6 meters high, do high 0.6-
0.8 meter, 1.5-2 meters of crown height, skeleton branch number 13-14, skeleton branch angle 95-105 degree.
The large cherry improved-spindle pruning method, includes the following steps:
The strong prosperous center leader of First Year culture is dry；
Second year is returned and is cut, fixed dry apart from ground 0.6-0.8 meters, is stayed terminal bud, is deducted 2,3,4 bud of clip, stay 5,6,7 buds, deducts
8,9,10 bud, and so on, at ground 0.6-0.8 meters until, while it is dry to cultivate strong prosperous center leader；The same year September, will
The branch for going back to the place of cutting is removed, and six diameter 3cm is stayed in unidirectional uniform branch, not draw branch, branch angle 95-105
Degree；
In third year, distance, which has been drawn, starts to carve bud at branch height 50cm, every 20cm quarter bud is primary, is carved between the sprout of bud every time not
In a plane and an angle of 90 degrees is mutually formed, is carved bud four to five times, remaining sprout is erased, and in 2.5 meters of eminence cutting backs of trunk；Together
Newborn branch is drawn branch processing, branch angle 95-105 degree by year September；The same year does the innovation on second year branch at pinching
Reason；
4th year, continue using bud picking and carve bud by the way of 5-8 major branch of culture, for major branch spacing not in same plane, spacing is big
In 30 centimetres, to 1 year raw major branch in spring and autumn cherry new slightly growth period, technology cutting back pruning is cut using double buds, major branch stays
65 centimetres, pruning technique trimming is put using long to perennial branch；Tree crown falls the time and in cherry tree enters the best fruiting period 3 years with laggard
Row, at 1.5-2 meters, the tree-shaped of forming is in improved-spindle shape for height of tree crown control.
The large cherry improved-spindle pruning method, the first major branch with large cherry tree growth, trunk height gradually to
On raise, pruned is in the apparent spindle of skeleton, and doing high with crown height ratio is 1:2-3, as the age of tree increases, is removed raw in master
Side shoot that is dry upper and influencing the growth of lower part major branch, keeps major branch more obvious.
The second year trimming major branch pruning rate control is in 30-50%.
After large cherry tree-pruning forming, with major branch and collateral generation, when top, major branch influences the photosynthetic of its underpart major branch
When, can cutting back top side shoot or heavy pruning major branch become nutrition branch, control major branch base diameter and trunk diameter ratio are 1: 2-
4, the diameter ratio of nutrition branch base diameter and trunk is 1: 3-6.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The molding of the method for the present invention nursery stock is fast, and major branch is sturdy, is conducive to control hat width, tree body size and dry height, branch according to growing space
Item is evenly distributed, well arranged, and certain spacing is kept between each layer, and ventilation and penetrating light is good, is conducive to robust plant growth, reduces
Pest and disease damage harm, tree crown periphery are easy to yield positive results, and are conducive to large cherry precocity and management.
The present invention is able to achieve rapid early high-yield, reaches the molding of one side fruit tree, the purpose of one side result, tree vigo(u)r pole after molding
Easy to control, daily management mission amount mitigates significantly.It is very suitable to planting culture, improves mu economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail combined with specific embodiments below, but protection scope of the present invention is not
Be limited to these embodiments, it is all without departing substantially from the change of present inventive concept or equivalent substitute be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Embodiment 1
A kind of large cherry improved-spindle, integrally tree-like mobile jib is sturdy upright for the improved-spindle tree body, and skeleton major branch is uniform
Be distributed in around trunk, the tree-like structure index are as follows: tree it is 2.3 meters high, do it is 0.6 meter high, 1.7 meters of crown height, skeleton branch number 13
It is a, 100 degree of skeleton branch angle.
The large cherry improved-spindle pruning method, includes the following steps:
First Year, transplants cherry tree, and the strong prosperous center leader of culture is dry；
Second year is returned and is cut, fixed dry apart from 0.6 meter of ground, is stayed terminal bud, is deducted 2,3,4 bud of clip, stays 5,6,7 buds, deduct 8,9,
10 buds, and so on, at 0.6 meter of the ground until, while it is dry to cultivate strong prosperous center leader；The same year September cuts place for returning
Branch is removed, and six diameter 3cm is stayed in unidirectional uniform branch, not draw branch, branch angle 95-105 degree；
The second year trimming major branch pruning rate control is 30%.
In third year, distance, which has been drawn, starts to carve bud at branch height 50cm, and every 20cm carves that bud is primary, carve every time bud sprout it
Between not in a plane and mutually form an angle of 90 degrees, carve bud four to five times, remaining sprout is erased, and short in 2.5 meters of eminences of trunk
It cuts；Newborn branch is drawn branch processing, branch angle 95-105 degree by the same year September；The same year by the innovation on second year branch, plucks
Heart processing；
4th year, continue using bud picking and carve bud by the way of 8 major branches of culture, not in same plane, spacing is greater than major branch spacing
30 centimetres, to 1 year raw major branch in spring and autumn cherry new slightly growth period, technology cutting back pruning is cut using double buds, major branch stays 65
Centimetre, pruning technique trimming is put using long to perennial branch；Tree crown falls the time and in cherry tree enters the best fruiting period 3 years with laggard
Row, at 1.5-2 meters, the tree-shaped of forming is in improved-spindle shape for height of tree crown control.
The large cherry improved-spindle pruning method, the first major branch with large cherry tree growth, trunk height gradually to
On raise, pruned is in the apparent spindle of skeleton, and doing high with crown height ratio is 1:2-3, as the age of tree increases, is removed raw in master
Nutrition branch that is dry upper and influencing the growth of lower part major branch, keeps major branch more obvious.
After large cherry tree-pruning forming, with major branch and collateral generation, when top, major branch influences the photosynthetic of its underpart major branch
When, can cutting back top side shoot or heavy pruning major branch become nutrition branch, control major branch base diameter and trunk diameter ratio are 1: 2-
4, the diameter ratio of nutrition branch base diameter and trunk is 1: 3-6.
The place for leading dry scarce branch is understood tacitly in, sees if there is leafage brachyplast, quarter bud is carried out above leafage brachyplast, is inspired
Give birth to branch in side；The upper raw branch in the side sprouted dry to center upper one year leader, which is got rid of, to be put, and is promoted it and is formed a large amount of leafage spray；Branch is given birth in opposite side,
Draw branch to open a business its angle, make its it is dry with center leader between keep 20-30cm distance.
Embodiment 2
A kind of large cherry improved-spindle, integrally tree-like mobile jib is sturdy upright for the improved-spindle tree body, and skeleton major branch is uniform
Be distributed in around trunk, the tree-like structure index are as follows: tree it is 2.6 meters high, do it is 0.7 meter high, 1.9 meters of crown height, skeleton branch number 14
It is a, 95 degree of skeleton branch angle.
The large cherry improved-spindle pruning method, includes the following steps:
First Year transplants cherry tree, and 1.5 × 2-2.5 meters of seeding row spacing, the strong prosperous center leader of culture is dry；
Second year is returned and is cut, fixed dry apart from 0.8 meter of ground, is stayed terminal bud, is deducted 2,3,4 bud of clip, stays 5,6,7 buds, deduct 8,9,
10 buds, and so on, at 0.8 meter of the ground until, while it is dry to cultivate strong prosperous center leader；The same year September cuts place for returning
Branch is removed, and stays six diameter 3cm not in unidirectional uniform branch, draws branch, and 95 degree of branch angle；
The second year trimming major branch pruning rate control is 50%.
In third year, distance, which has been drawn, starts to carve bud at branch height 50cm, and every 20cm carves that bud is primary, carve every time bud sprout it
Between not in a plane and mutually form an angle of 90 degrees, carve bud four to five times, remaining sprout is erased, and short in 2.5 meters of eminences of trunk
It cuts；Newborn branch is drawn branch processing, branch angle 95-105 degree by the same year September；The same year by the innovation on second year branch, plucks
Heart processing；
4th year, continue using bud picking and carve bud by the way of 8 major branches of culture, not in same plane, spacing is greater than major branch spacing
30 centimetres, to 1 year raw major branch in spring and autumn cherry new slightly growth period, technology cutting back pruning is cut using double buds, major branch stays 65
Centimetre, pruning technique trimming is put using long to perennial branch；Tree crown falls the time and in cherry tree enters the best fruiting period 3 years with laggard
Row, at 1.5-2 meters, the tree-shaped of forming is in improved-spindle shape for height of tree crown control.
The large cherry improved-spindle pruning method, the first major branch with large cherry tree growth, trunk height gradually to
On raise, until trunk reaches ideal height, pruned is in the apparent spindle of skeleton, and doing high with crown height ratio is 1:2-3, with
The age of tree increases, and removes life on trunk and influences the nutrition branch of lower part major branch growth, keeps major branch more obvious.
After large cherry tree-pruning forming, with major branch and collateral generation, when top, major branch influences the photosynthetic of its underpart major branch
When, can cutting back top side shoot or heavy pruning major branch become nutrition branch, control major branch base diameter and trunk diameter ratio are 1: 2-
4, the diameter ratio of nutrition branch base diameter and trunk is 1: 3-6.
The place for leading dry scarce branch is understood tacitly in, sees if there is leafage brachyplast, quarter bud is carried out above leafage brachyplast, is inspired
Give birth to branch in side；The upper raw branch in the side sprouted dry to center upper one year leader, which is got rid of, to be put, and is promoted it and is formed a large amount of leafage spray；Branch is given birth in opposite side,
Draw branch to open a business its angle, make its it is dry with center leader between keep 20-30cm distance.
It can be used after carving bud with general Lip river Malin or send out the processing of branch element, the general Lip river Malin alcohol that processing method is 3.6% is dilute
3 times are released, dips liquid medicine painting on sprout with swab stick, or hair branch element is applied directly on sprout.
Per mu yield economic benefit: the cherry transplanted using the method for the present invention, 400 kilograms of the per mu yield of third year, per mu yield 800 in the 4th year
Kilogram, mean fruit weight 6-8g.
The present invention is not limited by embodiment illustrated herein, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and novelty
The consistent widest range of feature.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of large cherry improved-spindle, which is characterized in that the improved-spindle tree management index are as follows: set high 2.3-
2.6 meters, do it is 0.6-0.8 meters high, 1.5-2 meters of crown height, skeleton branch number 13-14, skeleton branch angle 95-105 degree.
2. large cherry improved-spindle pruning method described in claim 1, which comprises the steps of:
The strong prosperous center leader of First Year culture is dry；
Second year is returned and is cut, fixed dry apart from ground 0.6-0.8 meters, is stayed terminal bud, is deducted 2,3,4 bud of clip, stay 5,6,7 buds, deducts
8,9,10 bud, and so on, at ground 0.5-0.6 meters until, while it is dry to cultivate strong prosperous center leader；The same year September, will
The branch for going back to the place of cutting is removed, and six diameter 3cm is stayed in unidirectional uniform branch, not draw branch, branch angle 95-105
Degree；
In third year, distance, which has been drawn, starts to carve bud at branch height 50cm, every 20cm quarter bud is primary, is carved between the sprout of bud every time not
In a plane and an angle of 90 degrees is mutually formed, is carved bud four to five times, remaining sprout is erased, and in 2.5 meters of eminence cutting backs of trunk；Together
Newborn branch is drawn branch processing, branch angle 95-105 degree by year September；
The same year by the innovation on second year branch, does pinching processing；
4th year, continue using bud picking and carve bud by the way of 5-8 major branch of culture, for major branch spacing not in same plane, spacing is big
In 30 centimetres, to 1 year raw major branch in spring and autumn cherry new slightly growth period, technology cutting back pruning is cut using double buds, major branch stays
65 centimetres, pruning technique trimming is put using long to perennial branch；Tree crown falls the time and in cherry tree enters the best fruiting period 3 years with laggard
Row, at 1.5-2 meters, the tree-shaped of forming is in improved-spindle shape for height of tree crown control.
3. large cherry improved-spindle pruning method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the first major branch is with large cherry tree
Growth, trunk height gradually raises upwards, and pruned is in the apparent spindle of skeleton, high and crown height ratio 1:2-3 is done, with tree
Age increases, and removes life on trunk and influences the side shoot of lower part major branch growth, keeps major branch more obvious.
4. large cherry improved-spindle pruning method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the second year trims major branch
Pruning rate is controlled in 30-50%.
5. large cherry improved-spindle pruning method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that large cherry tree-pruning forming
Afterwards, with major branch and collateral generation, when top major branch influence its underpart major branch it is photosynthetic when, cutting back top side shoot or heavy pruning major branch
Nutrition branch is become, control major branch base diameter and trunk diameter ratio are 1: 2-4, the diameter of nutrition branch base diameter and trunk
Than being 1: 3-6.
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| CN201811369223.XA CN109328836A (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | A kind of large cherry improved-spindle pruning method |
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| CN201811369223.XA CN109328836A (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | A kind of large cherry improved-spindle pruning method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113348954A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-07 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Sweet cherry root zone limited cultivation method in warm and humid regions in south |
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| CN103503735A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-15 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Method for pruning densely-planted large cherry tree to form high photosynthetic efficiency tree form |
| CN103733943A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-04-23 | 吕以明 | Big cherry tree shaping, trimming and managing technique |
| CN104798649A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 西北农林科技大学 | Super-slender spindle-shaped dwarfing compact planting cultivation method for cherries |
| CN105248223A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-20 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Sweet cherry high spindle shape and training and pruning method of sweet cherry |
| CN105766511A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-20 | 赵雪霞 | Ornamental persimmon tree shaping and trimming method |
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2018
- 2018-11-16 CN CN201811369223.XA patent/CN109328836A/en active Pending
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| CN103503735A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-15 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Method for pruning densely-planted large cherry tree to form high photosynthetic efficiency tree form |
| CN103733943A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-04-23 | 吕以明 | Big cherry tree shaping, trimming and managing technique |
| CN105766511A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-20 | 赵雪霞 | Ornamental persimmon tree shaping and trimming method |
| CN104798649A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 西北农林科技大学 | Super-slender spindle-shaped dwarfing compact planting cultivation method for cherries |
| CN105248223A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-20 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Sweet cherry high spindle shape and training and pruning method of sweet cherry |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113348954A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-07 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Sweet cherry root zone limited cultivation method in warm and humid regions in south |
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Application publication date: 20190215 |