CN109139232B - 设置有涡轮增压器的内燃机 - Google Patents
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- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B67/00—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02B67/10—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of charging or scavenging apparatus
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- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
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- F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
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- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/006—Assembling or mounting of starting devices
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- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
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- F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
- F01N2340/06—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the arrangement of the exhaust apparatus relative to the turbine of a turbocharger
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Abstract
本发明涉及设置有涡轮增压器的内燃机。该内燃机包括:发动机主体;结构构件,该结构构件布置在所述发动机周围;支架,该支架包括支撑板以及从所述支撑板下垂并连接至所述结构构件的多个支腿件;涡轮增压器,该涡轮增压器包括涡轮机以及压缩机,所述涡轮机连接至所述支撑板的与所述结构构件相对的那一侧;排气管,该排气管连接至所述涡轮机的中央部并且沿离开所述压缩机的方向延伸;以及发动机辅助件,该发动机辅助件布置在所述结构构件与所述支撑板之间,其中,所述支腿件不均匀地布置,从而关于所述支撑板在所述排气管那一侧比在所述压缩机那一侧提供更强的隔热性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及设置有涡轮增压器的内燃机。
背景技术
就设置有涡轮增压器的内燃机而言,公知在发动机主体的侧面上设置底座以将涡轮增压器支撑在该底座上(例如,参见JP2016-191304A)。涡轮增压器安置在构成底座的一部分的支撑板的上表面上,并且空气冷却器(中间冷却器)布置在支撑板下方。在此构造中,支撑板防止由涡轮增压器产生的热传递至空气冷却器,因此,涡轮增压器与空气冷却器能够彼此靠近布置。
在内燃机布置在小空间中的情况下,例如,当内燃机安置在汽车上时,往往难以保证发动机辅助件不仅与涡轮增压器而且与从涡轮增压器延伸至排气口的排气管的距离大。因此,优选的是,发动机辅助件不仅免遭来自涡轮增压器的热而且免遭来自从涡轮增压器延伸的排气管的热。
发明内容
鉴于以上现有技术,本发明的主要目的是提供一种设置有涡轮增压器的内燃机,在该内燃机中,发动机辅助件免遭来自涡轮增压器以及排气管的热。
实现此任务的手段
为了实现以上目的,本发明的实施方式提供一种内燃机(1),该内燃机包括:发动机主体(5);结构构件(7),该结构构件布置在所述发动机主体周围;支架(12),该支架包括支撑板(13)以及从所述支撑板下垂并连接至所述结构构件的多个支腿件(15、16、17);涡轮增压器(10),该涡轮增压器包括涡轮机(42)以及压缩机(44),所述涡轮机连接至所述支撑板的与所述结构构件相对的那一侧;排气管(60),该排气管连接至所述涡轮机的中央部并且沿离开所述压缩机的方向延伸;以及发动机辅助件(65),该发动机辅助件布置在所述结构构件与所述支撑板之间,其中,所述支腿件不均匀地布置,从而关于所述支撑板在所述排气管那一侧比在所述压缩机那一侧提供更强的隔热性能。
根据此布置,关于所述支撑板设置在所述排气管那一侧的所述支腿件阻隔从所述排气管到所述发动机辅助件的热,因此,抑制发动机辅助件的热接收。因为支腿件不均匀地布置从而关于所述支撑板在所述排气管那一侧比在所述压缩机那一侧提供更强的隔热性能,所以能够有效阻挡来自排气管的热。
在以上布置中,优选地,关于所述支撑板设置在所述排气管那一侧的所述一个或者多个支腿件的数量大于设置在所述压缩机那一侧的所述一个或者多个支腿件的数量。
根据此布置,支腿件能够容易不均匀地布置从而关于所述支撑板在所述排气管那一侧比在所述压缩机那一侧提供更强的隔热性能,借此能够有效阻挡来自排气管的热。
在以上布置中,优选地,关于所述支撑板设置在所述排气管那一侧的所述一个或者多个支腿件的宽度大于设置在所述压缩机那一侧的所述一个或者多个支腿件的宽度。
根据此布置,支腿件能够容易不均匀地布置从而关于所述支撑板在所述排气管那一侧比在所述压缩机那一侧提供更强的隔热性能,能够有效减少从排气管传递至发动机辅助件的热。
在以上布置中,优选地,设置在所述排气管那一侧的所述支腿件中的两个借助扩展壁(31)相互连接。
根据此布置,扩展壁有助于减少从排气管传递至发动机辅助件的热。
在以上布置中,优选地,设置在所述排气管那一侧的所述一个或者多个支腿件与设置在所述压缩机那一侧的所述一个或者多个支腿件之间限定有用于允许接近所述发动机辅助件的开口(35)。
根据此布置,能够借助所述开口实现发动机辅助件的检视与维修。
在以上布置中,优选地,所述排气管包括位于该排气管的邻近所述涡轮机的部分中的催化转换器(60)。
根据此布置,能够有效减少从具有相当大体积的催化转换器传递至发动机辅助件的热。
在以上布置中,优选地,所述结构构件由连接至所述发动机主体的变速器(7)构成,所述支架安置在所述变速器的上表面(8A)上,并且所述发动机辅助件由起动机(65)构成。
根据此布置,变速器上方的空间可以用于放置涡轮增压器。
在以上布置中,优选地,所述发动机主体包括两个气缸组(3、4)以形成V型内燃机,并且所述涡轮机布置在被限定在所述两个气缸组之间的空间的侧面上。
根据此布置,从各个气缸组延伸至涡轮机的排气管(上游排气管)可以具有大致相同的长度,并且这提高了排气效率。
根据前述布置,能够提供一种设置有涡轮增压器的内燃机,在该内燃机中,发动机辅助件免遭来自涡轮增压器以及排气管的热。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的优选实施方式的内燃机的立体图;
图2是示出涡轮增压器以及上游排气管的立体图;
图3是示出涡轮增压器以及支架的分解立体图;
图4是示出支架以及起动机的立体图;
图5是示出支架以及起动机的平面图;以及
图6是示出涡轮增压器、支架以及起动机的侧视图;以及
图7是示出涡轮增压器、支架以及起动机的后视图。
具体实施方式
下文中,将参照图描述应用本发明的内燃机的实施方式。
如图1所示,用于汽车的内燃机1由横置V型发动机构成,并且具有发动机主体5,该发动机主体包括曲轴箱2以及设置在曲轴箱2的顶部上的前气缸组3以及后气缸组4。前气缸组3与后气缸组4均横向(或者沿左-右方向)延伸并且限定多个气缸。前气缸组3关于横向延伸的曲轴向前倾斜,而后气缸组4关于曲轴向后倾斜。前气缸组3具有开在其后表面中并连接至相应的气缸的多个进气口以及开在其前表面中并连接至相应的气缸的多个排气口。后气缸组4具有开在其前表面中并连接至相应的气缸的多个进气口以及开在其后表面中并连接至相应的气缸的多个排气口。
变速器7设置在曲轴箱2的左端。变速器7包括形成其外壳的变速器壳8。前气缸组3与后气缸组4向上突出在壳顶部8A上方,该壳顶部是变速器壳8的上表面。
支架12设置在壳顶部8A上用于支撑涡轮增压器10,稍后将描述该涡轮增压器。支架12包括具有面向竖向的表面的支撑板13以及从支撑板13的外周边缘下垂的多个支腿件15、16、17。在所示的实施方式中,支架12具有包括第一支腿件15、第二支腿件16和第三支腿件17的三个支腿件,并且在各个支腿件15、16、17处连接至壳顶部8A。
如图3至图7所示,支撑板13布置成向上与壳顶部8A隔开,从而容纳空间19被限定在支撑板13与壳顶部8A之间。第一支腿件15从支撑板13的前边缘的左部下垂,第二支腿件16从支撑板13的后边缘的左部下垂,并且第三支腿件17从支撑板13的后边缘的右部下垂。第一支腿件15、第二支腿件1和第三支腿件17布置在容纳空间19周围。
如图4至图6所示,第一支腿件15包括:第一侧壁部21,该第一侧壁部具有面向左前方向并竖向延伸的表面;以及第一紧固部22,该第一紧固部设置在第一侧壁部21的下端并且具有面向竖向的表面。第一边缘壁部23设置成沿第一侧壁部21的右边缘从支撑板13延伸至第一紧固部22,其中,第一边缘壁部23相对于第一侧壁部21弯曲成沿向右的方向延伸。第一支腿件15由第一侧壁部21、第一边缘壁部23以及第一紧固部22形成三维形状以具有增大的刚度。
如图3至图5以及图7所示,第二支腿件16包括:第二侧壁部25,该第二侧壁部具有面向左后方向并竖向延伸的表面;以及第二紧固部26,该第二紧固部设置在第二侧壁部25的下端并且具有面向竖向的表面。第三支腿件17包括:第三侧壁部28,该第三侧壁部具有面向右后方向并竖向延伸的表面;以及第三紧固部29,该第三紧固部设置在第三侧壁部28的下端并且具有面向竖向的表面。第二侧壁部25的基端部的右端与第三侧壁部28的基端部的左端借助具有面向后的表面并横向延伸的扩展壁31相互连接。扩展壁31的上端连接至支撑板13的后端。第二边缘壁部32设置成沿第二侧壁部25的右边缘、扩展壁31的下边缘以及第三侧壁部28的左边缘从第二紧固部26延伸至第三紧固部29,其中,第二边缘壁部32相对于第二侧壁部25、扩展壁31以及第三侧壁部28弯曲成沿向后的方向延伸。第二支腿件16由第二侧壁部25、第二边缘壁部32以及第二紧固部26形成三维形状以具有增大的刚度。第三支腿件17由第三侧壁部28、第二边缘壁部32以及第三紧固部29形成三维形状形以具有增大的刚度。
如图1所示,支架12在第一紧固部22、第二紧固部26以及第三紧固部29处借助螺栓紧固至壳顶部8A。第一侧壁部21、第二侧壁部25以及第三侧壁部28中的每一者均设置有一个或者多个沿纵向方向延伸的加强肋。支撑板13在其底面上设置有例如以格状形状布置的加强肋。
如图3所示,第一支腿件15与第二支腿件16沿前-后方向相互间隔开,由此支撑板13、第一支腿件15、第二支腿件16以及壳顶部8A共同限定面向横向方向的第一开口35。支撑板13、第二支腿件16、扩展壁31、第三支腿件17以及壳顶部8A共同限定面向前-后方向的第二开口36。第二开口36被限定成相比第一开口35具有较小的开口面积。第二支腿件16与第三支腿件17之间的距离被设定成小于第一支腿件15与第二支腿件16之间的距离。优选地,第二支腿件16与第三支腿件17均具有比第一支腿件15更大的宽度。由于这些特征,容纳空间19(位于壳顶部8A与支撑板13之间的空间)在前侧比在后侧在更大程度上与外部隔离。
如图5所示,支撑板13在其右前部上设置有沿右前方向延伸的扩展部37。如在平面图中看到的,扩展部37定位至第一支腿件15的右方以及第三支腿件17的前方,并且增大了支撑板13的面积。
如图1所示,支架12安置在壳顶部8A上以定位至前气缸组3与后气缸组4之间的空间的左方。
如图1以及图3所示,支架12经由辅助支架40支撑涡轮增压器10。涡轮增压器10包括形成涡轮机42的外壳的涡轮机壳体43、形成压缩机44的外壳的压缩机壳体45以及使涡轮机壳体43与压缩机壳体45相互连接的轴承壳体46。涡轮机壳体43、压缩机壳体45以及轴承壳体46均形成为圆柱形形状并且相互共轴布置。
排气出口部48设置在涡轮机壳体43的中央部中,位于与邻近压缩机壳体45的一侧相反的那一侧。排气出口部48形成为管状形状并且沿离开压缩机壳体45的方向延伸。涡轮机壳体43形成有紧固座49,辅助支架40紧固至紧固座49。辅助支架40由金属片制成,并且包括板形底部51以及沿底部51的边缘向上弯曲的竖直板部52。辅助支架40在竖直板部52处紧固至紧固座49,并且在底部51处紧固至支架12的支撑板13。涡轮增压器10经由辅助支架40安置在支架12上,并且在此状态下,涡轮增压器10的旋转轴线大致平行于支撑板13延伸,并且涡轮机壳体43布置在限定在前气缸组3与后气缸组4之间的空间的左方。
如图2所示,两个排气入口部54设置在涡轮机壳体43的外周上。一个排气入口部54经由上游前排气管55连接至前气缸组3的排气口。另一排气入口部54经由上游后排气管57连接至后气缸组4的排气口。由此,前气缸组3与后气缸组4中产生的排气穿过排气入口部54进入涡轮机42。
如图3所示,催化转换器60连接至排气出口部48。催化转换器60形成为管状形状并且以平直的方式从排气出口部48向后(或者沿离开压缩机44的方向)并向下延伸。催化转换器60构成下游排气管的一部分,该下游排气管包括设置在催化转换器60的下游的消音器(图中未示出)并且限定位于该下游排气管的下游端处的排气出口(图中未示出)。
如图1以及图6所示,轴承壳体46与压缩机壳体45布置在涡轮机壳体43的前面,并且如平面图中所示,还布置在支撑板13的前面。进气入口部62设置在压缩机壳体45的中央部中,并且进气出口部63设置在压缩机壳体45的外周上。具有位于其上游端处的进气入口的上游进气管(图中未示出)连接至进气入口部62,并且下游进气管(图中未示出)连接至进气出口部63。下游进气管经由中间冷却器连接至开在前气缸组3的后面并且开在后气缸组4的前面中的进气口。
如图1以及图4至图7所示,起动机65(发动机辅助件的实施例)布置在限定在壳顶部8A与支撑板13之间的容纳空间19中。起动机65具有大体的圆柱形形状并且紧固至壳顶部8A。起动机65定位在第一支腿件15的后面并且第二支腿件16以及第三支腿件17的前面,并且沿横向方向延伸。如在平面图中看到的,起动机65的一部分定位在支撑板13的扩展部37下方。起动机65的左端在支撑板13下方定位成与第一开口35相对。
以下将描述如上构造的内燃机1的技术优势。支撑涡轮增压器10的支架12包括支撑板13,涡轮机42安置在该支撑板上方并且容纳空间19被限定在该支撑板下方。容纳空间19将诸如起动机65之类的发动机辅助件容纳在其中。支撑板13用作这样的隔热板,该隔热板阻挡从涡轮机42传递至起动机65的热,由此抑制起动机65接收热。
进一步地,布置在容纳空间19周围的第一支腿件15至第三支腿件17也用作隔热板。第一支腿件15被置于支撑板13的靠近压缩机44的侧(前侧),而第二支腿件16与第三支腿件17被置于支撑板13的靠近包括催化转换器60的排气管的侧(后侧),由此支腿件15至17不均匀地布置,从而关于支撑板13在包括催化转换器60的排气管侧(后侧)比在压缩机44侧(前侧)提供更强的隔热性能。因此,支腿件15至17能够有效阻隔从包括催化转换器60的排气管传递至起动机65的热。
因为扩展壁31设置在第二支腿件16与第三支腿件17之间从而扩展壁31减小了限定在第二支腿件16与第三支腿件17之间的开口面积并且用作隔热板,所以能够更有效地阻挡从包括催化转换器60的排气管传递至起动机65的热。进一步地,沿第二支腿件16、第三支腿件17以及扩展壁31的边缘设置的第二边缘壁部32也起隔热板的作用。此外,第二支腿件16与第三支腿件17优选设置有增大的宽度,并且这减小了限定在第二支腿件16与第三支腿件17之间的开口,由此更进一步地提高了隔热性能。
支撑板13包括扩展部37,从而如在平面图中看到的,支撑板13的与起动机65重叠的部分增大。由此,支撑板13能够更有效地阻隔从涡轮机42传递至起动机65的热。
限定在第一支腿件15与第二支腿件16之间的第一开口35比限定在第二支腿件16与第三支腿件17之间的第二开口36具有更大的开口面积,并且这允许对起动机65的目视检查以及维修工作。即,第一开口35使得能够从外部接近起动机65。
涡轮增压器10与支架12通过利用位于发动机主体5侧面以及变速器7上方的空间布置在发动机主体5周围,因此能够使内燃机1紧凑。进一步地,因为涡轮机42布置在被限定于前气缸组3与后气缸组4之间的空间的侧面上,所以上游前排气管55与上游后排气管57具有大致相同的长度,并且这提高了排气效率。
前文中已经描述了本发明的具体实施方式,但是本发明不限于该实施方式并且可以以各种方式修改。例如,在以上实施方式中,支架12安置在变速器壳8上,但是支架12可以安置在诸如发动机主体5、车身框架之类的另一结构构件上。进一步地,代替起动机65或者除起动机65之外,布置在容纳空间19中的部件可以包括诸如水泵、交流发电机(ACG)、燃料泵、液压控制单元、电子控制单元之类的本身公知的发动机辅助件。支架12的支腿件15、16、17的数量不限于三个,并且可以是两个或者多于三个。
Claims (8)
1.一种内燃机,该内燃机包括:
发动机主体;
结构构件,该结构构件布置在所述发动机主体周围;
支架,该支架包括支撑板以及从所述支撑板下垂并连接至所述结构构件的多个支腿件;
涡轮增压器,该涡轮增压器包括涡轮机以及压缩机,所述涡轮机连接至所述支撑板的与所述结构构件相对的那一侧;
排气管,该排气管连接至所述涡轮机的中央部并且沿离开所述压缩机的方向延伸;以及
发动机辅助件,该发动机辅助件布置在所述结构构件与所述支撑板之间,
其中,所述支腿件不均匀地布置以阻隔热,从而关于所述支撑板在所述排气管那一侧比在所述压缩机那一侧提供更强的隔热性能。
2.根据权利要求1所述的内燃机,其中,关于所述支撑板设置在所述排气管那一侧的所述支腿件的数量大于设置在所述压缩机那一侧的所述支腿件的数量。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的内燃机,其中,关于所述支撑板设置在所述排气管那一侧的所述支腿件的宽度大于设置在所述压缩机那一侧的所述支腿件的宽度。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的内燃机,其中,设置在所述排气管那一侧的所述支腿件中的两个借助扩展壁相互连接。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的内燃机,其中,设置在所述排气管那一侧的所述支腿件与设置在所述压缩机那一侧的所述支腿件之间限定有用于允许接近所述发动机辅助件的开口。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的内燃机,其中,所述排气管包括位于该排气管的邻近所述涡轮机的部分中的催化转换器。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的内燃机,其中,
所述结构构件由连接至所述发动机主体的变速器构成,
所述支架安置在所述变速器的上表面上,并且
所述发动机辅助件由起动机构成。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的内燃机,其中,
所述发动机主体包括两个气缸组以形成V型内燃机,并且
所述涡轮机布置在被限定于所述两个气缸组之间的空间的侧面上。
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US20180363545A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 |
CN109139232A (zh) | 2019-01-04 |
US10364741B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
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