CN108718752A - A kind of ginkgo engrafting method - Google Patents
A kind of ginkgo engrafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108718752A CN108718752A CN201810860299.6A CN201810860299A CN108718752A CN 108718752 A CN108718752 A CN 108718752A CN 201810860299 A CN201810860299 A CN 201810860299A CN 108718752 A CN108718752 A CN 108718752A
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- scion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
- A01G2/35—Cutting; Inserting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
- A01G2/38—Holding; Ligating
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ginkgo engrafting methods, and this method comprises the following steps：In grafting, first scion is impregnated in sucrose solution and the mixed liquor of boric acid solution, wherein, the volume ratio of the sucrose solution and boric acid solution is 1: (0.8-1.2), sucrose concentration is 0.3%-0.7% in the sucrose solution, and boric acid concentration is 0.03%-0.07% in the boric acid solution；The scion after immersion is placed in the mixed liquor of IAA and NAA again and is impregnated, wherein the total concentration of the IAA and NAA is 1300-1700mg/Kg, and the mass ratio of the IAA and NAA is (3-5): 2；This method can promote the operating of scion carbohydrate, improve the organic matter supply of scion, and realize the adjusting to plant strain growth, can improve the survival rate of scion, promote scion fast-growth, reduce nursery work early period, reduce cost of labor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ginkgo seedling-wood breeding fields, in particular to a kind of ginkgo engrafting method.
Background technology
Ginkgo (scientific name：Ginkgo biloba L.), it is Ginkgoaceae, Ginkgo deciduous tree.Ginkgo is fallen leaves megaphanerophyte,
For the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground up to 4 meters, treelet bark is closely smooth, light grey, the skin taupe of big tree, and irregular lobe is coarse；There are long shoot and growth
Slowly away from shape brachyplast.Childhood and prime of life tree crown cone, it is always then wide oval；Branch is close verticillate, tiltedly upper stretching, extension.Leaf alternate, in length
It is radial scattered on branch, there is elongated petiole, fan-shaped, two sides light green is hairless.It is scattered on long shoot, the fasciation on brachyplast.
The fruit of ginkgo is commonly called as gingko, therefore ginkgo also known as maidenhair tree.Ginkgo growth is slower, and the service life is extremely long, natural
Under the conditions of from be planted to could large result after knot ginkgo nut takes more than 20 years, 40 years.
Ginkgo is the distinctive multipurpose ecological economy seeds of China, and leaf, flower, fruit, material are available, and ginkgo is as medicinal
Plant has more than 600 years history so far, rich in flavones, lactone isoreactivity ingredient.Outer kind of ginkgo leaf, gingko seeds, ginkgo
Skin and Root of Ginkgoes have certain medicinal function.Ketone and terpene lactones in ginkgo leaf are put peculiar pharmacological activity to good use effective
Ingredient, and be the important evidence of ginkgo leaf and plant medical agent quality standardization, the content of flavones monomer is in ginkgo leaf at present
Quercetin 0.7-1.2mg/g, Kaempferol 0.35-0.5mg/g, Isorhamnetin 0.3-0.5mg/g；Each content of monomer difference of terpene lactones
For Biloblide 0.35-0.5mg/g, ginkgolides GA 0.6-0.8mg/g, ginkgolides GB contents 0.3mg/g or so, silver
Apricot lactone GC 0.2-0.3mg/g.
Grafting, is one of artificial fecundation method of plant；I.e. the branch or bud of a kind of plant, it is grafted onto another plant
On stem or root, be connected together two parts is made to grow up to a complete plant；The mode of grafting is divided into scion grafting and bud connects；Grafting
It is to be carried out using the function with callus after plant injury.
However, in ginkgo grafting procedures, survival rate and growth are limited by factors, existing grafting side
Formula, survival rate is relatively low, and scion growth is slower, and early period, needs were manually managed and protected, and cost of labor is higher.
In view of this, special propose the present invention.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, this method can promote the fortune of scion carbohydrate
Turn, improve the organic matter supply of scion, and realize the adjusting to plant strain growth, the survival rate of scion can be improved, promote scion
Fast-growth reduces nursery work early period, cost of labor is reduced, in addition, the engrafting method can improve ketone in Folium Ginkgo
The content of class and terpene lactones.
In order to realize that the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy use following technical scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, and this method comprises the following steps：In grafting, first by scion in sucrose
It is impregnated in solution and the mixed liquor of boric acid solution, wherein the volume ratio of sucrose solution and boric acid solution is 1: (0.8-1.2), sugarcane
Sucrose concentration is 0.3%-0.7% in sugar juice, and boric acid concentration is 0.03%-0.07% in boric acid solution；
The scion after immersion is placed in the mixed liquor of IAA and NAA again and is impregnated, the total concentration of wherein IAA and NAA are
1300-1700mg/Kg, and the mass ratio of IAA and NAA is (3-5): 2.
Further, the sucrose concentration is 0.5%, boric acid concentration 0.05%；The scion is in sucrose solution and boron
Soaking time is 50-70min in the mixed liquor of acid solution.
Further, the total concentration of the IAA and NAA is 1500mg/Kg；The mixed liquor of the scion merging IAA and NAA
Middle soaking time is 50-70min.
The present invention is by first impregnating in the sucrose of certain concentration and the solution of boric acid scion, then in certain concentration
Immersion treatment in the solution of IAA and NAA can promote the operating of scion carbohydrate, improve the organic matter supply of scion, and
Realize the adjusting to plant strain growth；And then the survival rate and scion volume fast-growth of the grafting of scion are improved, reduce early period
Nursery work reduces cost of labor, in addition, the engrafting method can improve the content of ketone and terpene lactones in Folium Ginkgo.
The selection of scion is not limited strictly in the present invention, it is preferable that the scion is annual ginkgo of growing directly from seeds
Lignifying branch；It is highly preferred that the rugosity of the scion is 10-12mm；Length is 5-7cm, and no disease and pests harm；Pass through selection
The annual lignifying branch that grows directly from seeds, and pass through the restriction of scion rugosity and length, it can be ensured that the tissue development of scion fills
It is real, conducive to surviving for scion.
Further, bud eye number is 2-4 in the scion, and bud eye is full.
In one embodiment, engrafting method of the present invention further includes：The storage of scion, the storage are that scion is first
Processing of sealing with wax is carried out, then the scion sealed with wax is embedded in sand bed, and the sand bed is placed in freezer；
Further, the temperature of the sand bed is 6-10 DEG C；Water content is 0.8-1.2ml/cm3；Further, it stores
The moisture content of scion afterwards is 35%-45%.
By above-mentioned specific storage practice, the water content in scion can be ensured, avoid scion water in storage
The loss divided, leads to the reduction of survival rate.
In another embodiment, described graft includes：The scion is grafted onto on stock using cleft graft；It is preferred that
Ground, the stock are the raw ginkgo saplings of growing directly from seeds of 3-5.
By the selection of above-mentioned specific engrafting method and specific stock, the affinity of scion and stock is improved, and
Ensure that stock can provide sufficient organic substance for scion, improve the survival rate of scion and promotes the growth of scion.
The time of grafting is not limited strictly in the present invention, it is preferable that the grafting time is the sprout tillers phase of ginkgo bud；
Pass through the selection of specific time, the more conducively healing of scion and stock.
Cleft graft is not limited strictly in the present invention, it is preferable that the cleft graft is specifically as follows selection stock crust
It is smooth and not raw limb position saw go top, and the notch at the section, scion is cut out into grafting inclined-plane, then, will be connect
Fringe is inserted into notch, and stock and the forming layer of scion is made to be aligned, and is tightened grafting part using plastic film.
In another embodiment, the engrafting method further includes：Managing after grafting specially stock in raw branches and leaves
It is removed, after grafting 25-40 days, plastic film bandage is removed, and prevention pest and disease damage processing is carried out to grafting part；
Preferably, it after grafting, is applied fertilizer and is poured to soil.
By removing raw branches and leaves, plunder of the branches and leaves to scion nutrition can be avoided, the growth of scion is conducive to, this is
Pest control processing is carried out, damage of the insect pest to grafting part can be avoided, is conducive to the healing of grafting part.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention include at least：
(1) engrafting method this method of the present invention can improve the survival rate of scion, and can promote scion fast-growth,
Nursery work early period is reduced, cost of labor is reduced.
(2) present invention can promote the operating of scion carbohydrate, improve scion by the immersion treatment to scion
Organic matter is supplied, and realizes adjusting to plant strain growth, conducive to surviving and growing for scion is improved.
(3) present invention can avoid plunder of the branches and leaves to scion nutrition by the management after grafting, be conducive to the life of scion
Long, this just carries out pest control processing, can avoid damage of the insect pest to grafting part, is conducive to the healing of grafting part.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products obtained can be bought by city.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, which includes the following steps：
The selection of scion：Scion selects the lignifying branch of the no disease and pests harm of annual ginkgo of growing directly from seeds；
Wherein, the rugosity of scion is 10-12mm；Length is 5cm；Bud eye number is 2 in scion, and bud eye is full；
The storage of scion：Scion is subjected to processing of sealing with wax, then the scion sealed with wax is embedded in sand bed, and the sand bed is set
In in freezer；Wherein,
The temperature of sand bed is 6 DEG C；The water content of sand bed is 0.8ml/cm3；
The selection of stock：Root-stock selection is the ginkgo sapling of growing directly from seeds of Pizhou City's triennial；
Grafting：In the sprout tillers phase of ginkgo bud；First scion is impregnated in sucrose solution and the mixed liquor of boric acid solution
70min, wherein the volume ratio of the sucrose solution and boric acid solution is 1: 0.8, and sucrose concentration is in the sucrose solution
0.3%, boric acid concentration is 0.07% in the boric acid solution；
The scion after immersion is placed in the mixed liquor of IAA and NAA again and impregnates 70min, the total concentration of wherein IAA and NAA
For 1300mg/Kg, and the mass ratio of IAA and NAA is 3: 2；
The scion after immersion is grafted onto on stock using cleft graft；
Specifically, selection stock crust it is smooth and not raw limb position saw go top, and the notch at the section, will
Scion cuts out grafting inclined-plane, then, notch is inserted into scion, and stock and the forming layer of scion is made to be aligned, using plastic film
Grafting part is tightened.
Management after grafting：Raw branches and leaves to stock to be removed, and after grafting 25 days, plastic film bandage is gone
It removes, and prevention pest and disease damage processing is carried out to grafting part, applied fertilizer and poured to soil.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, which includes the following steps：
The selection of scion：Scion selects the lignifying branch of the no disease and pests harm of annual ginkgo of growing directly from seeds；
Wherein, the rugosity of scion is 10-12mm；Length is 7cm；Bud eye number is 4 in scion, and bud eye is full；
The storage of scion：Scion is subjected to processing of sealing with wax, then the scion sealed with wax is embedded in sand bed, and the sand bed is set
In in freezer；Wherein,
The temperature of sand bed is 10 DEG C；The water content of sand bed is 1.2ml/cm3；
The selection of stock：Root-stock selection is the 5 years raw ginkgo saplings of growing directly from seeds in Pizhou City；
Grafting：In the sprout tillers phase of ginkgo bud；First scion is impregnated in sucrose solution and the mixed liquor of boric acid solution
50min, wherein the volume ratio of the sucrose solution and boric acid solution is 1: 1.2, and sucrose concentration is in the sucrose solution
0.7%, boric acid concentration is 0.03% in the boric acid solution；
The scion after immersion is placed in the mixed liquor of IAA and NAA again and impregnates 50min, the total concentration of wherein IAA and NAA
For 1700mg/Kg, and the mass ratio of IAA and NAA is 5: 2；
The scion after immersion is grafted onto on stock using cleft graft；
Specifically, selection stock crust it is smooth and not raw limb position saw go top, and the notch at the section, will
Scion cuts out grafting inclined-plane, then, notch is inserted into scion, and stock and the forming layer of scion is made to be aligned, using plastic film
Grafting part is tightened.
Management after grafting：Raw branches and leaves to stock to be removed, and after grafting 40 days, plastic film bandage is gone
It removes, and prevention pest and disease damage processing is carried out to grafting part, applied fertilizer and poured to soil.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, which includes the following steps：
The selection of scion：Scion selects the lignifying branch of the no disease and pests harm of annual ginkgo of growing directly from seeds；
Wherein, the rugosity of scion is 10-12mm；Length is 6cm；Bud eye number is 3 in scion, and bud eye is full；
The storage of scion：Scion is subjected to processing of sealing with wax, then the scion sealed with wax is embedded in sand bed, and the sand bed is set
In in freezer；Wherein,
The temperature of sand bed is 8 DEG C；The water content of sand bed is 1ml/cm3；
The selection of stock：Root-stock selection is the 4 years raw ginkgo saplings of growing directly from seeds in Pizhou City；
Grafting：In the sprout tillers phase of ginkgo bud；First scion is impregnated in sucrose solution and the mixed liquor of boric acid solution
60min, wherein the volume ratio of the sucrose solution and boric acid solution is 1: 1, and sucrose concentration is 0.5% in the sucrose solution,
Boric acid concentration is 0.05% in the boric acid solution；
The scion after immersion is placed in the mixed liquor of IAA and NAA again and impregnates 60min, the total concentration of wherein IAA and NAA
For 1500mg/Kg, and the mass ratio of IAA and NAA is 2: 1；
The scion after immersion is grafted onto on stock using cleft graft；
Specifically, selection stock crust it is smooth and not raw limb position saw go top, and the notch at the section, will
Scion cuts out grafting inclined-plane, then, notch is inserted into scion, and stock and the forming layer of scion is made to be aligned, using plastic film
Grafting part is tightened.
Management after grafting：Raw branches and leaves to stock to be removed, and after grafting 30 days, plastic film bandage is gone
It removes, and prevention pest and disease damage processing is carried out to grafting part, applied fertilizer and poured to soil.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, and the engrafting method and the engrafting method of embodiment 3 are essentially identical, difference
It is only that the rugosity of scion is 6-8mm.
Reference examples 1
This reference examples is a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, and the engrafting method and the engrafting method of embodiment 3 are essentially identical, difference
It is only that sucrose concentration is 1%.
Reference examples 2
This reference examples is a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, and the engrafting method and the engrafting method of embodiment 3 are essentially identical, difference
It is only that the total concentration of IAA and NAA is 2000mg/Kg.
Reference examples 3
This reference examples is a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, and the engrafting method and the engrafting method of embodiment 3 are essentially identical, difference
It is only that the water content of sand bed is 1.5ml/cm3。
Reference examples 4
This reference examples is a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, and the engrafting method and the engrafting method of embodiment 3 are essentially identical, difference
It is only that the lignifying branch for the no disease and pests harm for selecting triennial ginkgo of growing directly from seeds as scion.
Experimental example 1
Grafting experiments are carried out according to the engrafting method of embodiment 1-4 and reference examples 1-4, wherein each engrafting method respectively
Grafting time is identical, and grafting scion number is 20, and scion derives from same female parent.
Scion after above-mentioned grafting is managed collectively, after grafting 50 days, counts the grafting scion of each engrafting method
Survive quantity, statistical result is referring to table 1；After grafting 4 months, the complete leaf grown in each engrafting method scion is counted respectively
Piece quantity；After grafting 7 months, the new-tip length grown to each engrafting method grafting survival scion measures, and counts
To the average value of new-tip length, statistical result is referring to table 1；In addition, collecting the blade on grafting plant, the blade of collection is dried
It weighs, weighing results are referring to table 1.
Table 1
As shown in Table 1
The engrafting method of 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention in contrast, the amount of surviving of 2 engrafting method of embodiment, the number of blade and
New-tip length is above embodiment 1 and embodiment 3；And embodiment 3 is compared with embodiment 4 and reference examples 1-4, embodiment 3
Grafting survival amount, the number of blade and new-tip length are all remarkably higher than other groups, it is seen then that sucrose concentration, hormone concentration, scion rugosity
And the humidity of sand bed has a direct impact the amount of surviving of scion, the number of blade and new-tip length, is specifically soaked in the present invention
The selection for steeping solvent strength, scion rugosity and sand bed humidity, can preferably improve the survival rate of scion and the life of scion
It is long.
Experimental example 2
Respectively ginkgo grafting, the second year after grafting, using HPLC liquid phases are carried out according to the engrafting method of embodiment 1-3
Chromatography is respectively to the content detection of ketone and terpene lactones in the ginkgo leaf on grafting twig, wherein ketone is Quercetin, mountain
How phenol and Isorhamnetin；Terpene lactones is Biloblide, ginkgolides GA, ginkgolides GB and ginkgolides GC, detection knot
Fruit is referring to table 2：
Table 2
| Group | Ketone | Terpene lactones |
| Embodiment 1 | 8.4 | 3.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 9.3 | 3.4 |
| Embodiment 3 | 7.7 | 2.6 |
Note：Single plant secondary metabolites Efficient economic yield=flavone lactone content * Leaf yield per plants
As shown in Table 2
Technical scheme can improve the active constituent content in blade, and the growth by improving single-strain blade
Amount, can improve single plant secondary metabolites Efficient economic yield.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, but it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its
It still can be with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, either to which part or all technical features
Carry out equivalent replacement；And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention skill that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of art scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ginkgo engrafting method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：In grafting, first by scion in sucrose solution and
It is impregnated in the mixed liquor of boric acid solution, wherein the volume ratio of the sucrose solution and boric acid solution is 1: (0.8-1.2), it is described
Sucrose concentration is 0.3%-0.7% in sucrose solution, and boric acid concentration is 0.03%-0.07% in the boric acid solution；
It will be impregnated in the mixed liquor of the merging of the scion after immersion IAA and NAA again, wherein the total concentration of the IAA and NAA is
1300-1700mg/Kg, and the mass ratio of the IAA and NAA is (3-5): 2.
2. engrafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the scion is the wood of annual ginkgo of growing directly from seeds
Matter branch；
Preferably, the rugosity of the scion is 10-12mm；Length is 5-7cm；
Preferably, bud eye number is 2-4 in the scion, and bud eye is full.
3. engrafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the engrafting method further includes：The storage of scion, institute
Storage is stated as scion is first carried out processing of sealing with wax, then the scion sealed with wax is embedded in sand bed, and the sand bed is placed in freezer；
Preferably, the moisture content of the scion after the storage is 35%-45%.
4. engrafting method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the temperature of the sand bed is 6-10 DEG C；Water content is
0.8-1.2ml/cm3。
5. engrafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the scion is in the mixed of sucrose solution and boric acid solution
It is 50-70min to close soaking time in liquid.
6. engrafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that soaked in the mixed liquor of the scion merging IAA and NAA
The bubble time is 50-70min.
7. according to any engrafting methods of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the grafting includes：It will using cleft graft
The scion is grafted onto on stock；
Preferably, the stock is the raw ginkgo saplings of growing directly from seeds of 3-5.
8. according to any engrafting methods of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the grafting time is the sprout tillers of ginkgo bud
Phase.
9. engrafting method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described that the scion is grafted onto anvil using cleft graft
On wood, specifically, selection stock crust it is smooth and not raw limb position saw go top, and the notch at the section, will connect
Fringe cuts out grafting inclined-plane, then, notch is inserted into scion, and stock and the forming layer of scion is made to be aligned, will using plastic film
Grafting part tightens.
10. according to any engrafting methods of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the engrafting method further includes：After grafting
Management specially raw branches and leaves to stock and is removed, after grafting 25-40 days, plastic film bandage removed, and to transferring
Socket part position carries out prevention pest and disease damage processing；
Preferably, it after grafting, is applied fertilizer and is poured to soil.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110447403A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-15 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | A kind of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis propagation by grafiting method |
| CN112616470A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-09 | 徐州三农生物科技有限公司 | Binding belt special for ginkgo grafting |
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| CN103493734A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-08 | 重庆文理学院 | Tissue culture seedling rooting culture medium for actinidia chinensis var.rufopulpa |
| CN103739402A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-23 | 中南林业科技大学 | Healing agent for jujube grafting and application method thereof |
| CN104206185A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-17 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | Seedling grafting method |
| CN104429637A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 毛艳玲 | High-position binding grafting method for ginkgo biloba tree |
| CN105638251A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 镇江常青园林工程有限公司 | Grafting method of xiajin ginkgo biloba |
| CN107439296A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | The cuttage breeding method of safflower Loropetalum wood |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110447403A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-15 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | A kind of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis propagation by grafiting method |
| CN110447403B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2022-04-22 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Magnolia officinalis grafting propagation method |
| CN112616470A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-09 | 徐州三农生物科技有限公司 | Binding belt special for ginkgo grafting |
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