CN108651203A - A kind of cultural method of Radix Astragali and plantation field - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of Radix Astragali and plantation field Download PDFInfo
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- CN108651203A CN108651203A CN201810470942.4A CN201810470942A CN108651203A CN 108651203 A CN108651203 A CN 108651203A CN 201810470942 A CN201810470942 A CN 201810470942A CN 108651203 A CN108651203 A CN 108651203A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine cultivation method fields, a kind of cultural method of the Radix Astragali provided, it includes the following steps, astragalus membranaceus seed rice mill is handled primary, then with 65~75 degrees Celsius of hot-water soak 3~10 minutes, the warm water that astragalus membranaceus seed is placed into 40~50 degrees Celsius again impregnates 0.5~1.5 hour, and plantation astragalus membranaceus seed obtains Radix Astragali seedling.This method for culturing seedlings takes shorter, fast and easy, and little to the damage of seed, and it is higher to obtain emergence rate, the preferable Radix Astragali seedling of quality.In addition; the present invention also provides a kind of planting sites of the cultivation method Radix Astragali using above-mentioned Radix Astragali; it can quickly and easily cultivate Radix Astragali; balance two aspects of Radix Astragali production and environmental protection; while improving Radix Astragali germination percentage, producing high-quality Radix Astragali, be conducive to protection and the Green Sustainable of the environmental factors such as soil, water, air.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine cultivation method field, the cultural method in particular to a kind of Radix Astragali and plantation
Field.
Background technology
Radix Astragali is the dry root of legume Astragalus membranacus or astragalus mongolicus, is traditional Qi-tonifying drug, have invigorating qi for strengthening superficies,
The effect of diuresis apocenosis, expelling pus and promoting granulation.Radix Astragali chemical composition is numerous, and mainly containing saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharide etc. has, this
Also contain amino acid and trace element etc. outside, there is the effect of invigorating qi for strengthening superficies, diuretic and maintain drug, row is dense, expelling pus and promoting granulation；Enhance body
Immune function, liver protection, anti-aging, resisting stress, decompression and wide antibacterial action, clinically extensive use.
Currently, the continuous expansion in Radix Astragali market, cultivated area increase.Astragalus membranaceus seed has strong property, after planting goes out
Seedling rate is low, needs to carry out seed treatment before sowing.During seed treatment, pure be susceptible to mechanical shell-breaking grinds stranding to seed
Excessively, make the embryo of seed injured, seed is easily infected by germ, and more than after planting rotten kind, emergence rate is not high；Also sulfuric acid treatment side
Method, but after sulfuric acid impregnates, need to be sowed with the remaining sulfuric acid on clear water repeatedly clean seed, water wasting is laborious,
It is not easy to environmental protection.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural methods of Radix Astragali, can improve Radix Astragali germination percentage, and production is high-quality
Radix Astragali, meanwhile, and be conducive to protection and the Green Sustainable of the environmental factors such as soil, water, air.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of plantation fields, use the cultural method of above-mentioned Radix Astragali, can cultivate
Go out high-quality Radix Astragali, and simple and convenient, it is environmentally protective.
The invention is realized in this way：
A kind of cultural method of Radix Astragali comprising have following steps：Astragalus membranaceus seed rice mill is handled once, is then used
65~75 degrees Celsius of hot-water soak 3~10 minutes, then by astragalus membranaceus seed be placed into 40~50 degrees Celsius warm water impregnate 0.5~
1.5 hours, plantation astragalus membranaceus seed obtain Radix Astragali seedling, by Radix Astragali seedling be planted in row spacing be 40~50cm, ridge a height of 40~
45cm, furrow are in the soil of 50~55cm.
A kind of plantation field uses the cultivation method Radix Astragali of above-mentioned Radix Astragali.
The invention has the advantages that：
The cultural method of a kind of Radix Astragali provided by the invention comprising following steps handle astragalus membranaceus seed with rice mill
Once, then with 65~75 degrees Celsius of hot-water soak 3~10 minutes, then astragalus membranaceus seed is placed into 40~50 degrees Celsius of temperature
Water impregnates 0.5~1.5 hour, and plantation astragalus membranaceus seed obtains Radix Astragali seedling.This method for culturing seedlings takes shorter, fast and easy, and
It is little to the damage of seed, it can obtain emerging higher, the preferable Radix Astragali of quality.In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of using upper
The planting site for stating the cultivation method Radix Astragali of Radix Astragali can quickly and easily cultivate Radix Astragali, the production of balance Radix Astragali and environment
Two aspects of protection are conducive to the environment such as soil, water, air while improving Radix Astragali germination survival rate of seedlings, producing high-quality Radix Astragali
The protection of the factor and Green Sustainable.
Specific implementation mode
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer
The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
The cultural method of the cultural method to a kind of Radix Astragali of the embodiment of the present invention and the Radix Astragali is in cultivation Radix Astragali below
In application be specifically described.
The cultural method of a kind of Radix Astragali provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprising have following steps：
Astragalus membranaceus seed rice mill is handled primary, then uses 65~75 degrees Celsius of hot-water soak 3~10 minutes, then general
The warm water that astragalus membranaceus seed is placed into 40~50 degrees Celsius impregnates 0.5~1.5 hour, the nursery in late March to late April, row
It is compacted away from 40~45cm, the 1~2cm that buries, covers 1cm thickness fine sand or wheat straw, 1.9~2.5kg of mu sowing quantity dry seeds.By Radix Astragali
Seed obtains Radix Astragali seedling, and it is 40~50cm that Radix Astragali seedling, which is planted in row spacing, and a height of 40~45cm in ridge, furrow is 50~55cm
Soil in.
Astragalus membranaceus seed is handled using rice mill, there are one good hairs in order to enable the hard thick and solid astragalus membranaceus seed of kind of skin
Bud rate is sure not to carry out repeatedly or excessively grind to rub with the hands to astragalus membranaceus seed to improve germination percentage, embryo otherwise can be made injured, plantation be easy by
Germ infects, more than after planting rotten kind.The embodiment of the present invention, which grinds seed using rice mill, rubs with the hands once, and rice mill is turned down rotating speed extremely
400~600 rev/min, the gap of rice knife and roller is turned up to 4.2~6.2mm, the frictional force that astragalus membranaceus seed is subject to is made to weaken,
The embryo of seed will not be abraded easily.
Then hot-water soak 3~10 minutes is used, 40~50 degrees Celsius of warm water is placed into and impregnates 0.5~1.5 hour, it can
The further hard kind skin of softening Radix Astragali, effectively promotes Radix Astragali germination percentage.And it is time-consuming short, easy to operate, generalization is strong.
High 40~the 45cm in ridge, Radix Astragali are used as medicine with root, this can highly allow the root of Radix Astragali that can adequately grow, and anti-
Only or reduction root caused by ponding problem is addled.The setting of 40~45cm of row spacing, 50~55cm of furrow can allow Radix Astragali to exist
It is grown in one inexcessive intensive space, is independent of each other between Radix Astragali seedling, promotes the quality of Radix Astragali.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, Radix Astragali seedling is subjected to classification plantation：Length is equal to or more than
The root of 32cm is first order Radix Astragali seedling；The root that length is 28~32cm is second level Radix Astragali seedling；Length is less than the root of 28cm
For third level Radix Astragali seedling；Then Radix Astragali seedling is subjected to regional plantation, the region of plantation first order Radix Astragali seedling is first
Area；The region for planting second level Radix Astragali seedling is the secondth area；The region for planting third level Radix Astragali seedling is third area.Radix Astragali seedling
Planting density use 30~35cm of line-spacing, the density of 10~15cm of spacing in the rows to be colonized.
The purpose that Radix Astragali seedling is divided into three-level plantation is, the different Radix Astragali subregion of growing way is planted, targetedly
Carry out field management.On the one hand, facilitate the field planting management of Radix Astragali；On the other hand, can targetedly to growing way not
Same Radix Astragali seedling is cultivated, and the quantity of Radix Astragali and the quality of Radix Astragali are effectively improved.Specifically, first order Radix Astragali seedling is length
Best one group of gesture, because of having differences property between astragalus membranaceus seed, in seed treatment processes, the germination percentage between seed is also deposited
The difference that Radix Astragali seedling growing way is thus caused in difference can be promoted effectively according to the management of the Radix Astragali Grading And Zoning domain of different growing ways
The content of Radix Astragali primary medicinal component, improves the yield and quality.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, first order Radix Astragali seedling further includes the middle and upper part of root (far from root
One end of point) diameter of maturation zone or elongation zone is greater than or equal to the kind strain of 5mm, i.e. and first order Radix Astragali seedling includes root long degree
The middle and upper part maturation zone of Radix Astragali and/or root equal to or more than 32cm or the diameter of elongation zone are greater than or equal to the Radix Astragali of 5mm；The
Two level Radix Astragali seedling further includes the kind strain of the middle and upper part maturation zone of root or a diameter of 3~5mm of elongation zone, i.e. second level Radix Astragali kind
Seedling includes the Huang of a diameter of 3~5mm of the middle and upper part maturation zone or elongation zone of the Radix Astragali that root long degree is 28~32cm and/or root
Stilbene；Third level Radix Astragali seedling further includes the kind strain that the middle and upper part maturation zone of root or the diameter of elongation zone are less than 3mm, i.e. the third level is yellow
Stilbene includes the Radix Astragali that the middle and upper part maturation zone of Radix Astragali of the root long degree less than 28cm and/or root or the diameter of elongation zone are less than 3mm.Tool
Body, because Radix Astragali itself is phreatophyte, it is used as medicine with root, is planted so being classified Radix Astragali according to the length and diameter of root,
It selects the much the same Radix Astragali of root system development degree to carry out regional management, the insufficient Radix Astragali of root system development, such as third can be made
Area obtains more sufficient management, such as increases the supply of fertilizer and water so that the much the same Radix Astragali of growing way degree can obtain unification
Management targetedly uses fertilizer, and disorderly fertilising, not environmentally protective.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the period of Radix Astragali kind transplantation of seedlings be 10~April 30 April (in
The last ten-days period).Specifically, First Year mid or late March nursery, the April of second year carries out finished product kind transplantation of seedlings again.Within the period,
Proper temperature, ground moistening, germination survival rate of seedlings are high.But it cannot transport or move in time when lashing band soil 5~7cm wisp Radix Astragalis seedling
When cultivation, it is rotten to prevent air-drying dehydration or fever that storage (covering 3~4cm of seedling and the in time appropriate ventilation of water spray with moist soil) should be planted
Root.The invalid seedling that goes mouldy is rejected when field planting.)
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, by Radix Astragali seedling to tilt 45 °~60 ° angles with horizontal plane
Direction is planted in soil, earthing 2~3cm compactings.The Radix Astragali position to be acquired is the root system of Radix Astragali, and Huang can be made by tilting plantation
Stilbene facilitates excavation after physically well developing, and greatly reduces the working time of excavation, improves working efficiency.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, which further includes being carried out to being colonized front and back Radix Astragali
Field management, field management includes base manure, top dressing, in conjunction with the 15~20kg of 8~10kg of top dressing urea or ammonium sulfate per acre that pours water.It is yellow
Stilbene has root nodule, itself has nitrogen fixation, and decrement uses nitrogenous fertilizer in fertilising.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, in base manure, N/P ratio 1:0.75~0.5, the ratio energy
Enough improve the quality of crop.Specifically, base manure be early spring rotary tillage deep fertilizer spraying, 25 ㎝ or more of tilling depth, in conjunction with basal dressing of ploughing, per acre
Apply 4~6 tons of farm manure, 48~52 ㎏ of phosphorus diammonium and potash fertilizer；Wherein, 4~6 tons of farm manures could alternatively be 180~220 ㎏ oil
Slag, potash fertilizer are 2~3 ㎏ of 4~6 ㎏ of potassium sulfate or biological potassium fertilizer, convert into the scale ㎏ of N18~20 and P per acre2O513~14.8 ㎏.
Top dressing is included in above-mentioned firstth area 15~17kg of 8~8.5kg of top dressing urea or ammonium sulfate per acre；Secondth area chases after per acre
Fertile 8.5~9.5kg of urea or 17~18kg of ammonium sulfate；Third area 18~20kg of 9.5~10kg of top dressing urea or ammonium sulfate per acre.
The growing way of the first order Radix Astragali seedling in the firstth area is preferable, and nitrogen fixation is better than the secondth area and third area, according to the different Huang of growing way
Stilbene seedling targetedly applies fertilizer, and is conducive to promote seedling that seedlings, weak seedling is caught up with to become strong sprout, reaches that full stand, seedling be even and seedling
Strong purpose effectively improves the yield and quality of Radix Astragali output.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, further include tillage and weeding step after transplanting above-mentioned Radix Astragali kind strain
Suddenly.After field planting emergence, as 5~15cm of height of seedling, twice, the depth of tillage and weeding is shallow generally according to seedling stage, strain for tillage and weeding
Deep, shallow, deep in row by seedling principle carries out, and sits on no seedling injury, does not bury seedling, do not hinder root, do not stay grass, is forbidden to use herbicide and removes
Grass.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, in field management step, it is front and back to blade face to be included in the florescence
8~12ml of 8~12ml of foliar fertilizer and auximone per acre is sprayed, every 6~8 days uniformly alternately uniform alternately in Radix Astragali kind
The foliar spray of seedling is primary, sprays 2~3 times.
Specifically, foliar fertilizer is the compound trace element fertilizer of the trace element such as boron, zinc, iron；Or foliar fertilizer can also be biphosphate
Potassium, 300~700g every time per acre, to 40~60 kilograms of water, spray concentration is 0.8%~1%；Further, foliar fertilizer may be used also
To include boron fertilizer, 100~150g is sprayed every time per acre, be watered 15~30 kilograms of sprinklings；Auximone is that stimulation plant gives birth to
Long hormone includes one or more in auxin, gibberellin, the basic element of cell division, abscisic acid and ethylene.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, further include irrigating step, June 15 in field management step
Fill first time water within 1；August fills second of water on 15th~30；October 05~15 filled third time water；
Specifically, the irrigation quantity of first time is the 85~95% of second of irrigation quantity；The irrigation quantity of third time is second
The 55~65% of irrigation quantity；Wherein the irrigation quantity in the firstth area is the 85~95% of second area's irrigation quantity；The irrigation quantity in the secondth area is
The 85~95% of third area irrigation quantity.Further, in weather arid, second, the irrigation quantity in third area be 50~60 tons
Per acre every time, the irrigation quantity in the secondth area and the firstth area successively decreases successively, targetedly pours water, and improves plantation quality, promotes seedling
Normal mature, meanwhile, avoiding the root caused by soil moisture is excessive, addle problem.It should be noted that in other embodiment
In, irrigation quantity can also be reduced, or do not pour water.Because Radix Astragali seedling stage water consumption is few, to promote to prick under root system, it is long to increase root
Degree, improving Radix Astragali output quality can not water in the case of fertilizer spraying.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, further include beating in the growth course of Radix Astragali after pouring water
Flower bud is beaten on top, and control measure is taken to pest.Biological pesticide prevention is specific as follows：
6~August part can use 0.36% aqueous matrine solution, 500~2000 times of liquid spraying preventions；Sevin point 1.2~
1.5kg per acre, for preventing turnip；Larva just incubates phase 0.36% aqueous matrine solution of spray or every gram of Su Yun containing 15,000,000,000 spores
In the ovum phase, spraying is used for anti-cutworm to golden bacillus medicament；5% sevin powder 1.5kg per acre or 0.36% aqueous matrine solution 1000~
2000 times of liquid sprayings are used for anti-seed chalcid fly；Dipel, 0.36% aqueous matrine solution, 1000~2000 times of liquid are used for anti-aphid
Worm.Black light lamps pest can be used in physical control.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of plantation field, the cultivation method Radix Astragali of above-mentioned Radix Astragali is used.
The feature and performance of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
First embodiment
It is specific as follows the present embodiment provides a kind of cultural method of Radix Astragali：
Selection of land
Radix Astragali is used as medicine with root, selection the soil is porous, thicker soil, draining；Good loamy texture soil, mountainous region select soil layer deep
Thick, gentle slope on the sunny side.
Nursery
Astragalus membranaceus seed rice mill is handled once, rice mill is turned down into rotating speed to 400 revs/min, rice knife and rolling is turned up
Astragalus membranaceus seed, then with 75 degrees Celsius of hot-water soak 3 minutes, is being placed into 40 degrees Celsius of temperature by the gap of cylinder to 4.2mm
Water impregnates 1.5 hours, the nursery in late March, and line-spacing 40cm, the 1cm that buries compacting cover 1cm thickness fine sands.Astragalus membranaceus seed is obtained
To Radix Astragali seedling, it is 40cm that Radix Astragali seedling, which is planted in row spacing, and a height of 40cm in ridge, furrow is in the soil of 50cm.
Transplanting
Radix Astragali seedling was transplanted April 10, Radix Astragali seedling is subjected to classification plantation：First order Radix Astragali seedling includes root long
The diameter of the middle and upper part maturation zone or elongation zone of Radix Astragali of the degree equal to or more than 32cm and root is greater than or equal to the Radix Astragali of 5mm；The
Two level Radix Astragali seedling include root long degree be 28~32cm Radix Astragali and root middle and upper part maturation zone or elongation zone a diameter of 3~
The Radix Astragali of 5mm；Third level Radix Astragali includes Radix Astragali of the root long degree less than 28cm and the middle and upper part maturation zone of root or the diameter of elongation zone
Radix Astragali less than 3mm.Then Radix Astragali seedling is subjected to regional plantation, the region of plantation first order Radix Astragali seedling is the firstth area；
The region for planting second level Radix Astragali seedling is the secondth area；The region for planting third level Radix Astragali seedling is third area.Radix Astragali seedling
Planting density uses line-spacing 30cm, the density of spacing in the rows 10cm to be colonized.
Radix Astragali seedling is planted in the direction for tilting 45° angle with horizontal plane in soil after classification, earthing 2cm compactings.
Tillage and weeding
After transplanting, as Radix Astragali height of seedling 5cm, tillage and weeding is primary, second of height of seedling 10cm tillage and weedings, tillage and weeding
The principle that depth is shallow generally according to seedling stage, strain is deep, shallow, deep in row by seedling carries out, and sits on no seedling injury, does not bury seedling, do not hinder root, no
Stay grass.
Field management
After transplanting, field management is carried out to the Radix Astragali seedling in growth course, top dressing is carried out to Radix Astragali plant, in conjunction with pouring water
Top dressing urea or ammonium sulfate per acre.Specifically, in above-mentioned firstth area top dressing urea 8kg per acre, the secondth area top dressing urea per acre
8.5kg, third area top dressing urea 9.5kg per acre.Foliage-spray foliar fertilizer 8mL and auximone per acre are given before and after the florescence
8mL, every 6 days uniformly alternately primary in the foliar spray of Radix Astragali seedling in uniform alternating, sprays 3 times.
In the present embodiment, foliar fertilizer is the compound trace element fertilizer of the trace element such as interior siliceous, potassium, iron, zinc, boron, is sprayed compound
Micro- fertilizer 300g per acre is watered and is made into 1200 times of liquid and is sprayed；Auximone is 1000 times of liquid of gibberellin 12.5mL.
It irrigates
Filled first time water on June 15, August fills second of water on the 15th, fills third time water October 05.First time irrigation quantity is
The 85% of second of irrigation quantity, third time irrigation quantity are the 65% of second of irrigation quantity.Wherein the irrigation quantity in the firstth area is second
The 85% of area's irrigation quantity, the irrigation quantity in the secondth area are the 85% of third area irrigation quantity., specifically, second third area pours water
It measures as 50 tons per acre.
After pouring water, in the growth course of Radix Astragali, further includes topping, beats flower bud, control measure is taken to pest.
June can use 0.36% aqueous matrine solution, 500 times of liquid spraying preventions；Sevin divides 1.2kg per acre, for preventing
Turnip；Larva just incubates phase 0.36% aqueous matrine solution of spray or every gram of Dipel medicament containing 15,000,000,000 spores is sprayed in the ovum phase
Mist is used for anti-cutworm；5% sevin powder 1.5kg is used for anti-seed chalcid fly per acre；Dipel, 0.36% aqueous matrine solution
1000 times of liquid are used for anti-aphid.
Second embodiment
The present embodiment provides a kind of cultural methods of Radix Astragali, roughly the same with the cultural method that first embodiment provides,
Difference lies in：
Nursery
Astragalus membranaceus seed rice mill is handled once, rice mill is turned down into rotating speed to 600 revs/min, rice knife and rolling is turned up
Astragalus membranaceus seed, then with 65 degrees Celsius of hot-water soak 10 minutes, is being placed into 50 degrees Celsius of temperature by the gap of cylinder to 6.2mm
Water impregnates 0.5 hour, the nursery in First Year late March, and line-spacing 45cm, the 2cm that buries compacting cover 2cm thickness fine sands.By Radix Astragali
Seed obtains Radix Astragali seedling, and it is 45cm that Radix Astragali seedling, which is planted in row spacing, and a height of 45cm in ridge, furrow is in the soil of 55cm.
Transplanting transplants Radix Astragali seedling in the April 30 of second year.Radix Astragali seedling is subjected to classification plantation：First order Radix Astragali
Seedling includes the Radix Astragali that root long degree is equal to or more than 32cm, and second level Radix Astragali seedling includes the Huang that root long degree is 28~32cm
Stilbene, third level Radix Astragali include the Radix Astragali that root long degree is less than 28cm.The planting density of Radix Astragali seedling uses line-spacing 35cm, spacing in the rows 15cm
Density field planting.Radix Astragali seedling is planted in the direction for tilting 60 ° of angles with horizontal plane in soil, earthing 3cm compactings.
Tillage and weeding
After transplanting, as Radix Astragali height of seedling 7cm, tillage and weeding is primary, second of height of seedling 15cm tillage and weedings.
Field management
After transplanting, field management is carried out to the Radix Astragali seedling in growth course, top dressing is carried out to Radix Astragali plant, in conjunction with pouring water
Top dressing ammonium sulfate per acre.
Specifically, in above-mentioned firstth area top dressing ammonium sulfate 15kg per acre, the secondth area top dressing ammonium sulfate 17kg per acre, third area
Top dressing ammonium sulfate 18kg per acre.Give foliage-spray foliar fertilizer 12mL and auximone 12mL per acre before and after the florescence, every 8 days
It is uniformly alternately primary in the foliar spray of Radix Astragali seedling in uniform alternating, it sprays 3 times.
It irrigates
Filled first time water on June 30, August fills second of water on the 30th, fills third time water October 15, first time irrigation quantity is
The 95% of second of irrigation quantity, third time irrigation quantity are the 55% of second of irrigation quantity.Wherein the irrigation quantity in the firstth area is second
The 95% of area's irrigation quantity, the irrigation quantity in the secondth area are the 95% of third area irrigation quantity., specifically, second third area pours water
It measures as 28 tons per acre.
3rd embodiment
The present embodiment provides a kind of cultural methods of Radix Astragali, roughly the same with the cultural method that first embodiment provides,
Difference lies in：
Nursery
Astragalus membranaceus seed rice mill is handled once, rice mill is turned down into rotating speed to 500 revs/min, rice knife and rolling is turned up
Astragalus membranaceus seed, then with 70 degrees Celsius of hot-water soak 10 minutes, is being placed into 45 degrees Celsius of warm water by the gap of cylinder to 5mm
It impregnates 1 hour, the nursery in late March, line-spacing 42cm, the 2cm that buries compacting cover 2cm thickness fine sands.Astragalus membranaceus seed is obtained into Huang
Stilbene seedling, it is 43cm that Radix Astragali seedling, which is planted in row spacing, and a height of 42cm in ridge, furrow is in the soil of 52cm.
Transplanting transplanted Radix Astragali seedling April 25.Radix Astragali seedling is subjected to classification plantation：First order Radix Astragali seedling includes
The diameter of the middle and upper part maturation zone or elongation zone that have Radix Astragali of the root long degree equal to or more than 32cm or root is greater than or equal to the Huang of 5mm
Stilbene；Second level Radix Astragali seedling includes the Radix Astragali that root long degree is 28~32cm or the middle and upper part maturation zone of root or the diameter of elongation zone
For the Radix Astragali of 3~5mm；Third level Radix Astragali includes the middle and upper part maturation zone or elongation zone of Radix Astragali of the root long degree less than 28cm or root
Diameter is less than the Radix Astragali of 3mm.Then Radix Astragali seedling is subjected to regional plantation, the region of plantation first order Radix Astragali seedling is first
Area；The region for planting second level Radix Astragali seedling is the secondth area；The region for planting third level Radix Astragali seedling is third area.Radix Astragali seedling
Planting density use line-spacing 35cm, the density of spacing in the rows 15cm to be colonized.By Radix Astragali seedling to tilt the direction at 50 ° of angles with horizontal plane
It is planted in soil, earthing 3cm compactings.
Tillage and weeding
After transplanting, as Radix Astragali height of seedling 6cm, tillage and weeding is primary, second of height of seedling 12cm tillage and weedings.
Field management
After transplanting, field management is carried out to the Radix Astragali seedling in growth course, top dressing is carried out to Radix Astragali plant, in conjunction with pouring water
Top dressing ammonium sulfate per acre.
Specifically, in above-mentioned firstth area top dressing ammonium sulfate 17kg per acre, the secondth area top dressing ammonium sulfate 18kg per acre, third area
Top dressing ammonium sulfate 20kg per acre.Give foliage-spray foliar fertilizer 10mL and auximone 10mL per acre before and after the florescence, every 7 days
Uniformly alternately on the blade face of Radix Astragali seedling, spray is primary, sprays 2 times.
It irrigates
Filled first time water on June 30, August fills second of water on the 30th, fills third time water October 10.The irrigation quantity of first time
It is secondary 90%, the irrigation quantity of third time is secondary 60%, wherein the irrigation quantity in the firstth area is second area's irrigation quantity
90%, the irrigation quantity in the secondth area is the 90% of third area irrigation quantity, second, the irrigation quantity in third area be 40 tons per acre.
First comparative example
The germination survival rate of seedlings and Radix Astragali output for the cultivation method Radix Astragali that verification is provided using the first~tri- embodiment.
According to the cultivation method Radix Astragali that the first~tri- embodiment provides, while 8 comparative examples are set, 8 right
Identical as the cultural method that the first~tri- embodiment provides according to the cultural method of embodiment, difference is as shown in table 1：
Table 1 distinguishes condition
The first~tri- embodiment and the first~eight reference examples are planted in Zhangye along the cool planting base in irrigated area of mountain,
The cultivated area all same of nine embodiments, First Year, mid or late March nursery are grown 1 year, and second year the middle ten days and the last ten days in April moves
It plants, the mid or late October harvest of second year, shown in harvest gained record sheet 2.
Radix Astragali harvests situation in 2 the various embodiments described above of table
According to table 2, the first~tri- embodiment of analysis can be seen that individually with the first~tri- reference examples using rice mill machinery
It handles astragalus membranaceus seed, seed also or only with warm water is impregnated 0.5~1.5 hour using rice mill excess processes astragalus membranaceus seed,
Radix Astragali emergence rate will be influenced, the emergence rate of second and third reference examples substantially reduces, to influence the yield of Radix Astragali.And it uses and grinds
Rice machine handles astragalus membranaceus seed, then with 65~75 degrees Celsius of hot-water soak 3~10 minutes, then astragalus membranaceus seed is placed into 40~
50 degrees Celsius of warm water can significantly improve the yield of Radix Astragali plant after impregnating 0.5~1.5 hour.
The the first~tri- embodiment of analysis can be seen that the processing Radix Astragali of not compartmentalization with the four~six reference examples, and nothing is directed to
Property regional management carried out to Radix Astragali seedling influence whether the yield and quality of Radix Astragali.
The the first~tri- embodiment of analysis can be seen that the NP in base manure with the seven~eight reference examples and compare Radix Astragali quality
Raising plays an important role.
To sum up, the cultural method of a kind of Radix Astragali provided by the invention comprising following steps, by astragalus membranaceus seed rice mill
Processing is primary, then with 65~75 degrees Celsius of hot-water soak 3~10 minutes, then astragalus membranaceus seed is placed into 40~50 degrees Celsius
Warm water impregnate 0.5~1.5 hour, plantation astragalus membranaceus seed obtain Radix Astragali seedling.This method for culturing seedlings is time-consuming shorter, convenient fast
Speed, and it is little to the damage of seed, it can obtain emerging higher, the preferable Radix Astragali of quality.In addition, the present invention also provides one kind to adopt
With the planting site of the cultivation method Radix Astragali of above-mentioned Radix Astragali, can quickly and easily cultivate Radix Astragali, the production of balance Radix Astragali and
Two aspects of environmental protection are conducive to the environment such as soil, water, air while improving Radix Astragali germination percentage, producing high-quality Radix Astragali
The protection of the factor and Green Sustainable.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cultural method of Radix Astragali, which is characterized in that it includes following steps：Astragalus membranaceus seed rice mill is handled one
It is secondary, then with 65~75 degrees Celsius of hot-water soak 3~10 minutes, then astragalus membranaceus seed is placed into 40~50 degrees Celsius of warm water
It impregnates 0.5~1.5 hour, plantation astragalus membranaceus seed obtains Radix Astragali seedling, and it is 40~50cm that Radix Astragali seedling, which is planted in row spacing, and ridge is high
For 40~45cm, furrow is in the soil of 50~55cm.
2. the cultural method of Radix Astragali according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Radix Astragali seedling is carried out classification plantation：It is long
Root of the degree equal to or more than 32cm is first order Radix Astragali seedling；The root that length is 28~32cm is second level Radix Astragali seedling；Length
Root less than 28cm is third level Radix Astragali seedling；Then the Radix Astragali seedling is subjected to regional plantation, plants the first order
The region of Radix Astragali seedling is the firstth area；The region for planting the second level Radix Astragali seedling is the secondth area；It is yellow to plant the third level
The region of stilbene seedling is third area.
3. the cultural method of Radix Astragali according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the first order Radix Astragali seedling further includes root
Middle and upper part maturation zone or elongation zone diameter be greater than or equal to 5mm kind strain；The second level Radix Astragali seedling further includes root
The kind strain of a diameter of 3~5mm of middle and upper part maturation zone or elongation zone；Third level Radix Astragali seedling further includes the middle and upper part maturation zone of root
Or the diameter of elongation zone is less than the kind strain of 3mm.
4. the cultural method of Radix Astragali according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by Radix Astragali seedling to be tilted with horizontal plane
The direction at 45 °~60 ° of angles is planted in soil.
5. the cultural method of Radix Astragali according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the period of Radix Astragali kind transplantation of seedlings is April 10
~April 30.
6. the cultural method of Radix Astragali according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described before and after transplanting Radix Astragali seedling
Cultural method further includes carrying out field management to the Radix Astragali in growth course, and field management includes base manure, top dressing, every in conjunction with pouring water
Mu 8~10kg of top dressing urea or 15~20kg of ammonium sulfate.
7. the cultural method of Radix Astragali according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the N/P ratio in the base manure is 1:0.75
~0.5；The top dressing includes the firstth area 15~17kg of 8~8.5kg of top dressing urea or ammonium sulfate per acre；Secondth area chases after per acre
Fertile 8.5~9.5kg of urea or 17~18kg of ammonium sulfate；The third area per acre 9.5~10kg of top dressing urea or ammonium sulfate 18~
20kg。
8. the cultural method of Radix Astragali according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the field management step, including
To foliage-spray foliar fertilizer, 8~12ml, every 6~8 days alternatings exist per acre for 8~12ml and auximone per acre before and after the florescence
The blade face spray of Radix Astragali seedling is primary, sprays 2~3 times.
9. the cultural method of Radix Astragali according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include filling in the field management
Step is irrigate, specially：
15~June 30 June fills first time water；15~August of August fills second of water on 30th；05~October 15 October fills the
Water three times；The irrigation quantity of first time is secondary 85~95%, and the irrigation quantity of the third time is secondary 55~65%；
Wherein the irrigation quantity in the firstth area is the 85~95% of second area's irrigation quantity；The irrigation quantity in secondth area is that third area pours water
The 85~95% of amount.
10. a kind of plantation field, which is characterized in that it uses the cultural method cultivation such as claim 1~9 any one of them Radix Astragali
Train Radix Astragali.
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| CN113016537A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-25 | 定西市农业科学研究院 | Film-covering planting method for radix astragali in adulthood in cold-high and yin-damp area |
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| CN113016537A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-25 | 定西市农业科学研究院 | Film-covering planting method for radix astragali in adulthood in cold-high and yin-damp area |
| CN113170711A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-27 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Sand land cultivation method of astragalus membranaceus |
| CN113170711B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2023-11-28 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Sand cultivation method of astragalus membranaceus |
| CN114667821A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-28 | 内蒙古蒙草草种业有限公司 | Method for improving germination rate of torch tree seeds |
| CN114667822A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-28 | 内蒙古蒙草草种业有限公司 | Method for improving germination rate of astragalus meliloti seeds |
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