CN108421980B - A kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing - Google Patents
A kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108421980B CN108421980B CN201810216847.1A CN201810216847A CN108421980B CN 108421980 B CN108421980 B CN 108421980B CN 201810216847 A CN201810216847 A CN 201810216847A CN 108421980 B CN108421980 B CN 108421980B
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- hot isostatic
- isostatic pressing
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- slicing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
- B22F2003/153—Hot isostatic pressing apparatus specific to HIP
Abstract
The invention belongs to advanced manufacturing fields, and specifically disclose a kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing, the raw material that this method replaces dusty material to shape as hot isostatic pressing based on the thought of increasing material manufacturing using layer structure material, and the hot isostatic pressing by being realized part to be formed using backing material and twice hip treatment is shaped.This method, which has been abandoned, is used to common dusty material in heat and other static pressuring processes, and it is replaced by stratified material, fundamentally solve the problems such as complicated jacket is removed with inside control shape type core difficulty difficult processing, the simulation of powder densification process sophisticated computers is difficult to realize precisely to control shape in hot isostatic pressing, difficulty elimination fatigue behaviour in powder particle boundary is low in product, have many advantages, such as that forming is controllable, operate conveniently, suitable for the quick high accuracy forming with parts such as complex internal constitutional details such as casing, gear, turbine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to advanced manufacturing fields, more particularly, to a kind of hot isostatic pressing forming side based on increasing material manufacturing
Method.
Background technique
Heat and other static pressuring processes are one kind using inert gases such as nitrogen or argon gas as pressure transmission medium, product are placed in close
Among the container closed, under the collective effect of 0-2000 DEG C of temperature and 50-200MPa pressure, apply to product each to same pressure
Power.The technology can be used as the powder metallurgical technique for making powder directly heat pressure sintering forming.In recent years, this technology and mould
Tool control shape technology and computer simulation combine, so that loose powder under the driving of pressure and temperature, realizes that powder is fine and close
While complete target part whole near-net-shape.Currently, because of the part even tissue of the process forming, at the same mechanical property with
Same material forging is suitable, and is widely used among the forming of high-performance difficulty processing part, especially aerospace key zero
The manufacture of part.
Although Powder hot isostatic pressure technology has greater advantage on whole near-net-shape, for complex internal knot
Still there are certain technical bottleneck and processing difficulties on the part (casing, turbine class in such as aerospace engine) of structure,
It is specific as follows:
1) external complex jacket and internal control shape type core difficulty processing, hardly possible remove.For with complex internal structure casing,
The parts such as turbine class often utilize the multisteps manufacturing process such as machining, punching press, hot investment casting and integral solder technique production heat etc.
Static pressure outer wrap and internal control shape type core, process is cumbersome, can not even manufacture to labyrinth, become and restrict the big model of the technique
Enclose one of the bottleneck of application.Simultaneously, it is difficult to which irregular outer wrap and complicated interior is removed using conventional machine-tooled method
Shape type core is controlled in portion, can only often be removed by the method for acid corrosion, and acid corrosion removal efficiency is low, and environmental pollution is very big,
Exist simultaneously the risk for eroding drip molding.
2) powder densification process is complicated in hot isostatic pressing, and computer simulation is difficult to realize precisely control shape.HIP at
During shape, the volume contraction of 30-40% can occur for powder, and jacket, which is pressurized, occurs larger volume and irregular deformation.Currently, still
Lack the mature number for describing powder HIP densification and the interaction between deformation behavior and powder and jacket and type core
Learn model.Therefore, cause computer that can only simulate jacket deformation tendency, it is difficult to accurately ensure final formability size essence
Degree.
3) the powder particle boundary difficulty in product is eliminated, and fatigue behaviour is low.The product shaped using Powder hot isostatic pressure is micro-
The starting powder particle side that powder Yu powder lap-joint can be clearly observed in tissue is seen, the defect on this metallurgy is to product
Normal tensile property influences less, but in fatigue experiment, and often point is germinated in tired source, and has very to product fatigue behaviour
Big harm.
As can be seen that dusty material causes these problems from above-mentioned hot isostatic pressing technique bottleneck and processing difficulties
Basic reason.Therefore, this field needs a kind of novel hot isostatic pressing new method of researching and designing, fundamentally to overcome heat etc. quiet
Existing technical bottleneck problem when pressing formation complex parts.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of heat based on increasing material manufacturing etc. is quiet
Pressing formation method, this method have incorporated the thought of increasing material manufacturing, and proposition uses stratified material for hot isostatic pressing moulding material, passes through
By the forming and manufacture of stratified material accumulated layer by layer and realize complex parts using heat and other static pressuring processes, this method not only can be with
The form accuracy and dimensional accuracy for ensuring part simplify packet by the introducing of supporting layer also without complicated jacket and control shape type core
Nested structure, and can realize the quick removal of jacket, suitable for preparing the part with complex internal structure.
To achieve the above object, the invention proposes a kind of the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing, this method
The raw material that thought based on increasing material manufacturing replaces dusty material to shape as hot isostatic pressing using layer structure material, and lead to
It crosses and realizes that the hot isostatic pressing of part to be formed shapes using backing material and twice hip treatment.
Although method of the invention introduces the thought of increasing material manufacturing, but it remains as hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process, draws
The purpose for entering increasing material manufacturing thought is the form of change raw material, uses layer instead fundamentally to abandon original dusty material
Shape material, existing all kinds of defects, increasing material manufacturing thought are only embodied in when overcoming using dusty material progress hot isostatic pressing
During folding standby three dimensional practicality using stratiform layer of feed stock material layer heap, i.e., increasing material system is used in the pre-processing of raw material
The thought made, but subsequent forming technology is hot isostatic pressing forming technology, substitutes powdered material by using stratified material
The hot isostatic pressing new method of material, to overcome the problems, such as the technical bottleneck of hot isostatic pressing flexible extrusion molding technique.
As it is further preferred that described method includes following steps:
S1 obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of part to be formed, and the three-dimensional CAD model for treating formation of parts carries out slicing treatment,
Each slicing layer and corresponding two-dimensional silhouette information are obtained, that chooses part to be formed prepares material as sliced materials, and according to
Two-dimensional silhouette information carries out processing to sliced materials and obtains all slicing layers；
S2 prepares thickness supporting layer identical with slicing layer, each slice with the metal material lower than part fusing point to be formed
Layer is correspondingly arranged on a supporting layer, cuts away corresponding slicing layer according to the two-dimensional silhouette information of corresponding slicing layer in each supporting layer
Shape so that each supporting layer is just nested on corresponding slicing layer；
The every layer of slicing layer processed is sequentially placed into the position of corresponding supporting layer cut away by S3, then according to at
Assembled slice is sequentially overlapped acquisition three dimensional practicality, to complete heat etc. by the successive arrangement order of shape part between layers
The preparation of the raw material of static pressure forming；
S4 processes corresponding jacket according to the three dimensional practicality exterior contour that superposition obtains, and three dimensional practicality is put into jacket
Among obtain base at the beginning of the part with jacket, then by base at the beginning of the part with jacket as being heated in heating furnace, and to jacket
Inside is vacuumized, and carries out soldering and sealing after vacuumizing；
S5 carries out first time hip treatment to base at the beginning of the part with jacket, removes jacket after first time hot isostatic pressing；
By the three dimensional practicality for removing jacket be put into temperature in the heating furnace between backing material fusing point and formation of parts material melting point into
Row heating, obtains base among part after backing material is completely melt and is detached from slicing layer；
S6 takes out base among part, and carries out second of hip treatment to obtain required formation of parts.
As it is further preferred that the first time hot isostatic pressing temperature in supporting layer fusing point hereinafter, pressure be 40MPa
~200Mpa, time are 2h~10h.
As it is further preferred that the temperature of second of hot isostatic pressing is 0.5-0.8 times of part fusing point to be formed,
Pressure is 40MPa~200MPa, and the time is 2h~10h.
As it is further preferred that the thickness of the slicing layer is preferably 50 microns to 100 millimeters.
As it is further preferred that the fusing point of the supporting layer is no more than 0.8 times of part material fusing point to be formed.
As it is further preferred that base at the beginning of part in S4 with jacket is molten lower than backing material in the heating temperature of heating furnace
Point.
As it is further preferred that the vacuum degree inside jacket is 10-3Pa~10-4Pa。
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, mainly have below
Technological merit:
1. hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process of the invention is different from existing conventional hot isostatic pressing method, increasing material manufacturing is managed
Thought is introduced into hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process, and to realize the manufacture of complex parts, by the introducing of the theory, it is quiet to have abandoned heat etc.
Be used to common dusty material in pressure technique, and replaced by stratiform (sheet, plate) material, with fundamentally solve complicated jacket and
The simulation of powder densification process sophisticated computers is difficult in the problem of inside control shape type core difficulty difficult processing removes, hot isostatic pressing
Powder particle boundary difficulty eliminates the low problem of fatigue behaviour in the problem of realizing precisely control shape and product, controllable with forming,
The advantages that operating conveniently.
2. the present invention not only proposes a kind of new hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process, also the concrete technology of the manufacturing process is walked
Suddenly studied, by the research and design to specific process step each in this method, obtain it is a set of it is feasible, can have behaviour
The property made and process step that process is relatively simple, it can be achieved that having complex internal constitutional detail such as casing, gear, whirlpool
The quick high accuracy forming of the parts such as wheel.
3. by designing the supporting layer adapted to slicing layer shape, and being utilized the invention also provides the concept of supporting layer
Slicing layer is effectively assembled in jacket by supporting layer, and the effective support and the holding of shape of slicing layer on the one hand can be achieved, and
It is polluted in hot isostatic pressing by jacket since the presence of supporting layer can avoid slicing layer, on the other hand drawing due to supporting layer
Enter, so that the in-profile of jacket is determined by supporting layer, therefore when supporting layer is designed as regular geometric shapes, inside jacket
It is not necessarily to without carrying out complicated processing as production labyrinth jacket described in background technology and inside for regular geometric shapes
Control shape type core.
4. the present invention also studies specific heat and other static pressuring processes, research obtains a kind of secondary hot isostatic pressing work
Skill, wherein control the temperature of first time hot isostatic pressing in supporting layer fusing point hereinafter, and the control of the pressure of hot isostatic pressing exists
40MPa~200Mpa, the time is 2h~10h, to ensure to ensure under the premise of supporting layer is unfused each stratiform independent of each other
Effective sintering between moulding material (i.e. slicing layer), so that after removing backing material, moulding material is still able to maintain target
Parts profile；And by the control of the temperature of second of hot isostatic pressing at 0.5-0.8 times of part fusing point to be formed, pressure control exists
40MPa~200Mpa, the time is 2h~10h, so that moulding material is fully sintered, it is ensured that formation of parts has higher mechanics
Performance, and finally obtain required product.
5. base at the beginning of the part with jacket is first heated and is vacuumized as in heating furnace by the present invention, in hot conditions
The gas absorption object on lower removal sheet layer material surface, realizes the purpose of pumping removal of impurities, convenient for lamella during subsequent hot isostatic pressing
Then the sintering of storeroom carries out soldering and sealing to the jacket after vacuumizing and carries out secondary hip treatment again, to guarantee lamella material
Effective sintering between material.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy gear is manufactured with the method for the present invention, wherein (a) is Ti-6Al-
4V titanium alloy gear schematic diagram (b) is sliced schematic diagram for Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy gear, (c) Ti-6Al-4V will to assemble
Titanium alloy and fine aluminium are put into the schematic diagram of cylindrical jacket；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that 718 nickel base superalloy turbine components of Inconel are manufactured with the method for the present invention, wherein
(a) it is 718 nickel base superalloy turbine schematic three dimensional views of Inconel, (b) is Inconel718 nickel base superalloy turbine two
Schematic diagram is tieed up, (c) is sliced schematic diagram for 718 nickel base superalloy turbine of Inconel, (d) Inconel 718 for that will assemble
Nickel base superalloy turbine and fine copper are put into the schematic diagram of cylindrical jacket.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
The present invention provides a kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing, this method were shaped in hot isostatic pressing
Increasing material manufacturing thought has been incorporated in journey, replaces existing dusty material as heat using stratiform (sheet or plate) structural material
The raw material of hydrostatic pressing, and by the use of backing material and twice hip treatment realizes the heat of part to be formed
Hydrostatic pressing.The method of the present invention changes conventional use of raw material in heat and other static pressuring processes, that is, does not use powdered material
Expect (it is the basic reason that various problems and defect occur in existing heat and other static pressuring processes), but replaced with layer structure, with this
It can fundamentally overcome the problems, such as that there are various technical bottlenecks and defects in hot isostatic pressing forming process.Wherein, increasing material manufacturing work
It is that three-dimensional solid geometry object is split into several planes, utilize different shape according to limited certain thickness as principle
Material successively processed, final accumulation forms required three-dimensional model.
Specifically comprise the following steps: as shown in Figure 1, being somebody's turn to do the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing
One, raw material quasi- stage, including step S1-S3:
S1 obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of part to be formed, using Slice Software treat the three-dimensional CAD model of formation of parts into
Row slicing treatment obtains each slicing layer and corresponding two-dimensional silhouette information (i.e. pattern), and that chooses part to be formed prepares material
Processing acquisition is for example carried out to sliced materials using laser cutting or machining as sliced materials, and according to two-dimensional silhouette information
The thickness of all slicing layers, each slicing layer can be identical or different, and specific thickness is determined according to part type and material, preferably
50 microns~100 millis；
S2 prepares thickness supporting layer identical with slicing layer, each slice with the metal material lower than part fusing point to be formed
Layer is correspondingly arranged on a supporting layer, i.e. the sum of supporting layer is identical as the slice layer number of part to be formed, and the two thickness phase
It is the geometry of rule Deng, each supporting layer, is cut in each supporting layer according to the two-dimensional silhouette information of corresponding slicing layer
Fall the shape of corresponding slicing layer, so that each supporting layer is just nested on corresponding slicing layer, so that each slicing layer obtains effectively
Support, i.e., dig out shape corresponding with slicing layer, such as cut away in the second supporting layer and cut with second in each supporting layer
The corresponding shape of lamella, enables the second slicing layer to be nested in the second supporting layer, and the entirety constituted after the two is nested is
For the original-shape of the second supporting layer；
The every layer of slicing layer processed is sequentially placed into the position of corresponding supporting layer cut away by S3, i.e., by slicing layer with
Its corresponding supporting layer fits together, and both makes concordant, such as third slicing layer is assembled together with third supporting layer makes
The two is concordant, then the successive arrangement order according to part to be formed between layers, and assembled slice is sequentially overlapped and is obtained
Slicing layer is only superimposed by three dimensional practicality, this step, to complete the preparation of raw material and the fixation of position, each layer it
Between it is mutually indepedent, be not connected each other, i.e., only assemble part model, but part and unshaped；
Two, hot isostatic pressing shaping stage, including step S4-S6:
S4 processes corresponding jacket according to the three dimensional practicality exterior contour that superposition obtains, and three dimensional practicality is put into jacket
Among obtain the part with jacket at the beginning of base, since slicing layer is inlaid in supporting layer, supporting layer is sleeved in jacket, therefore jacket
In-profile determined by the integrally-built outer shape that all supporting layers are constituted, then by base at the beginning of the part with jacket as
It is heated in heating furnace, under the high temperature conditions, to remove the gas absorption object on sheet layer material surface, it is quiet to be conducive to subsequent thermal etc.
Then sintering during pressure between sheet layer material vacuumizes jacket inside, carry out soldering and sealing after vacuumizing, specific using true
Null device carries out vacuumize process to jacket inside by vacuum-pumping tube, and vacuum-pumping tube is arranged in jacket upper and lower side, has vacuumized
By exhaust tube soldering and sealing after, to realize the sealing of jacket；
S5 carries out first time hip treatment to base at the beginning of the part with jacket, removes jacket after first time hot isostatic pressing,
It is stratified material inside jacket, jacket still keeps its original geometry after first time hot isostatic pressing, is added using conventional machine
Work method can remove；The three dimensional practicality for removing jacket is put into temperature between backing material fusing point and moulding material fusing point
It is heated in the heating furnace of (i.e. temperature is higher than backing material fusing point and is lower than moulding material fusing point), when backing material is completely melt
And base among part is obtained after being detached from slicing layer, since part fusing point to be formed is much higher than backing material, so in backing material
Heating temperature at fusing point not will lead to the variation of part generation in shape, just only be left to be formed zero after backing material fusing
Part；
S6 takes out base among part, and carries out second of hip treatment to obtain required formation of parts.
Specifically, first time hot isostatic pressing purpose is effectively sintered between being to ensure that stratiform moulding material, just can go in this way
After backing material, moulding material is still able to maintain target part profile, therefore it is carried out under the conditions of relatively lower temp,
For temperature in backing material fusing point hereinafter, pressure is 40MPa~200Mpa, the time is 2h~10h, under above-mentioned process conditions, with
It is metallurgy sintered to guarantee that part material to be formed occurs, so that moulding material is effectively sintered, it is ensured that subsequent high temperature removes backing material
It has been able to maintain target part profile afterwards.And the purpose of second of hot isostatic pressing is to promote moulding material fully sintered, it is ensured that
Formation of parts has higher mechanical property, therefore it is carried out in the higher condition of relative temperature, and temperature is part to be formed
0.5-0.8 times of material melting point, pressure are 40MPa~200Mpa, and the time is that 2h~10h makes so under above-mentioned process conditions
Moulding material it is fully sintered, formation of parts has higher mechanical property.
Further, the fusing point of support layer material is no more than 0.8 times of part material fusing point to be formed, due to being more than
0.8 times, the temperature for melting backing material can be higher than 0.8 times of moulding material, easily cause the organizational coarseness of drip molding, be unfavorable for it
Mechanical property, the present invention by the way that the fusing point of support layer material is designed to 0.8 times no more than part material fusing point to be formed, with
Conducive to the mechanical property for ensuring drip molding, the geometry of backing material is regular circle or rectangular etc., concrete shape root
Determine that jacket selects material identical with backing material according to the geometrical morphology of part to be formed.
More specifically, base at the beginning of the part with jacket is molten lower than backing material in the heating temperature of heating furnace in step S4
Point, specially 200 DEG C -600 DEG C.In addition, the vacuum degree inside jacket is 10-3Pa~10-4Pa, can under the vacuum degree condition
Guarantee that the gas absorption object on sheet layer material surface all removes, and can guarantee and realized in hot isostatic pressing between sheet layer material
Effectively sintering.
The following is an embodiment of the present invention:
Embodiment 1
(a)~(c) referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment manufacture the Ti- of height 100mm, diameter 250mm with method of the invention
6Al-4V titanium alloy gear part, 1 represents Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy slice for solid line in figure, and 2 represent fine aluminium fid for dotted line
Material, 3 be cylindrical jacket, is specifically comprised the following steps:
1) it is obtained after being handled according to the three-dimensional CAD model of titanium alloy gear by Slice Software and is sliced and cuts with a thickness of 0.5mm
The two-dimensional signal of piece, according to every layer of titanium alloy gear slice pattern, using laser cutting method 0.5mm Ti-6Al-4V
All two dimension slicings are processed on titanium alloy plate；
2) choosing fine aluminium is backing material, is being with a thickness of 0.5mm, diameter according to every layer of target part slice information
Corresponding chip formation is cut away in the fine aluminium sheet backing material of 280mm, wherein backing material diameter is slightly larger than target part
Diameter can leave surplus for subsequent machining, while prevent target part from being polluted on hot isostatic pressing surface by jacket；
3) the every layer of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy processed slice is put into corresponding fine aluminium and is sliced vacancy position, according to tooth
The slice information for taking turns each layer, by the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy spliced slice with fine aluminium slice according to the sequence of each slicing layer
It is sequentially overlapped into three dimensional practicality；
4) the fine aluminium jacket that internal diameter is 280mm, is with a thickness of 3mm, highly 120mm is processed, and by assembled three-dimensional
Material object is put among fine aluminium jacket；
5) then the jacket for being placed with three dimensional practicality is passed through using vacuum equipment at 500 DEG C and taken out very as in heating furnace
Blank pipe carries out vacuumize process to jacket inside, when vacuum degree reaches 10-3By exhaust tube soldering and sealing after Pa；
6) it is quiet that the jacket equipped with three dimensional practicality after vacuumizing is put into progress first time heat etc. in hot isostatic pressing working chamber
Pressure, while increasing temperature and pressure is to 600 DEG C, 120MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 3 hours；
7) after first time hot isostatic pressing, machining is taken to remove jacket；
8) three dimensional practicality after jacket will be removed to be put among 700 DEG C of heating furnace, is completely melt to fine aluminium and is detached from Ti-
It is taken out after 6Al-4V titanium alloy in kind；
9) Ti-6Al-4V material object is put into hot isostatic pressing working chamber and carries out second of hot isostatic pressing, while increasing temperature and pressure
To 930 DEG C, 120MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 3 hours；
10) material object is taken out after second of hot isostatic pressing, just can directly obtain Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy gear.
Embodiment 2
The product and process of preparation are same as Example 1, and only the vacuum degree in step 5) is 10-4Pa, it is same in step 6)
When increasing temperature and pressure to 600 DEG C, 200MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 2 hours, increasing temperature and pressure was protected to 930 DEG C, 100MPa simultaneously in step 9)
Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy gear can be equally prepared in warm pressure maintaining 5 hours.
Embodiment 3
The product and process of preparation are same as Example 1, and only the vacuum degree in step 5) is 10-4Pa, it is same in step 6)
When increasing temperature and pressure to 600 DEG C, 80MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 7 hours, in step 9) simultaneously increasing temperature and pressure to 930 DEG C, 200MPa, heat preservation
Pressure maintaining 2 hours, Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy gear can equally be prepared.
Embodiment 4
Referring to Fig. 3 (a)~(d), the present embodiment is with of the invention method manufacture height 200mm, diameter 600mm
718 nickel base superalloy turbine components of Inconel, 1 represents 718 nickel base superalloy of Inconel slice for solid line in figure, and 2
Fine copper backing material is represented for dotted line, 3 be cylindrical jacket, is specifically comprised the following steps:
1) it obtains after being handled according to the three-dimensional CAD model of nickel base superalloy turbine by Slice Software with a thickness of 1.0mm's
Slice and the two-dimensional signal being respectively sliced are existed according to every layer of nickel base superalloy turbine slice pattern using laser cutting method
All two dimension slicings are processed on 718 nickel-based high-temperature alloy sheet material of Inconel of 1.0mm；
2) choosing fine copper is backing material, is being with a thickness of 1.0mm, diameter according to every layer of target part slice information
Corresponding chip formation is cut away in the fine copper sheet backing material of 620mm, backing material diameter is slightly larger than target part diameter
Surplus can be left for subsequent machining, while prevent target part from being polluted on hot isostatic pressing surface by jacket；
3) 718 nickel base superalloy of every layer of Inconel processed slice is put into corresponding fine copper and is sliced vacancy portion
718 nickel base superalloy of Inconel spliced slice and fine copper slice are pressed according to each layer of slice information of turbine position
Three dimensional practicality is sequentially overlapped into according to the sequence of each slicing layer；
4) the fine copper jacket that internal diameter is 620mm, is with a thickness of 3mm, highly 420mm is processed, and the three-dimensional of assembling is real
Object is put among fine copper jacket；
5) then the above-mentioned jacket for being placed with three dimensional practicality is passed through at 600 DEG C using vacuum equipment as in heating furnace
Vacuum-pumping tube carries out vacuumize process to jacket inside, when vacuum degree reaches 10-3By exhaust tube soldering and sealing after Pa；
6) it is quiet that the jacket equipped with three dimensional practicality after vacuumizing is put into progress first time heat etc. in hot isostatic pressing working chamber
Pressure, while increasing temperature and pressure is to 900 DEG C, 120MPa, and heat-insulation pressure keeping 3 hours；
7) after first time hot isostatic pressing, machining is taken to remove jacket；
8) it will remove after jacket among the heating furnace in kind for being put into 1100 DEG C, and be completely melt to fine copper and be detached from Inconel
It is taken out after 718 nickel base superalloys in kind；
9) 718 nickel base superalloy material object of Inconel is put into hot isostatic pressing working chamber to carry out second of heat etc. quiet
Pressure, while increasing temperature and pressure is to 1200 DEG C, 120MPa, and heat-insulation pressure keeping 3 hours；
10) material object is taken out after second of hot isostatic pressing, just can directly obtain 718 nickel base superalloy turbine of Inconel.
Embodiment 5
The product and process of preparation are same as Example 4, and only the vacuum degree in step 5) is 10-4Pa, it is same in step 6)
When increasing temperature and pressure to 600 DEG C, 40MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 10 hours, in step 9) simultaneously increasing temperature and pressure to 930 DEG C, 60MPa, heat preservation
Pressure maintaining 9 hours, Inconel718 nickel base superalloy turbine can equally be prepared.
Embodiment 6
The product and process of preparation are same as Example 4, only in step 6) simultaneously increasing temperature and pressure to 600 DEG C, 180MPa,
Heat-insulation pressure keeping 2.8 hours, increasing temperature and pressure heat-insulation pressure keeping 10 hours, can be equally prepared into 930 DEG C, 40MPa simultaneously in step 9)
To 718 nickel base superalloy turbine of Inconel.
Essence of the invention is that the thought of increasing material manufacturing has been incorporated in hot isostatic pressing forming process, using lamellar structure material
Material replaces dusty material to realize the hot isostatic pressing of complex parts by the backing material and secondary heat and other static pressuring processes of low melting point
Forming solves complicated jacket and the processing of type core difficulty, the difficult technical problem removed.
It is emphasized that the present invention is a kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process, hot isostatic pressing is substantially utilized to shape work
Skill is formed with the parts such as the part of complex internal structure, such as casing, gear, turbine, which is used for
As the forming technology of complex parts, rather than subsequent treatment process, be different from it is in the prior art using hot isostatic pressing as
The defects of subsequent treatment process is to eliminate part void improves part consistency and performance；Method of the invention utilizes stratiform
Material is different from dusty material usual in existing hot isostatic pressing forming technology as raw material, multiple fundamentally to solve
The problem of miscellaneous jacket and internal control shape type core difficulty difficult processing removal；The present invention only introduces increasing in hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process
The theory of material manufacture, emphasis is still hot isostatic pressing forming rather than increasing material manufacturing, required complex parts are quiet by heat etc.
Pressing formation technique prepares, rather than increasing material manufacturing obtains, which is only intended to the hot isostatic pressing forming of preparation stratiform
Raw material are used for subsequent thermal hydrostatic pressing.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing, which is characterized in that thought of this method based on increasing material manufacturing
The raw material for replacing dusty material to shape as hot isostatic pressing using layer structure material, and by utilizing backing material and two
Secondary hip treatment realizes the hot isostatic pressing forming of part to be formed comprising following steps:
S1 obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of part to be formed, and the three-dimensional CAD model for treating formation of parts carries out slicing treatment, obtains
Each slicing layer and corresponding two-dimensional silhouette information, that chooses part to be formed prepares material as sliced materials, and according to two dimension
Profile information carries out processing to sliced materials and obtains all slicing layers；
S2 prepares thickness supporting layer identical with slicing layer as backing material using the metal material lower than part fusing point to be formed,
Each slicing layer is correspondingly arranged on a supporting layer, is cut away pair in each supporting layer according to the two-dimensional silhouette information of corresponding slicing layer
The shape of slicing layer is answered, so that each supporting layer is just nested on corresponding slicing layer；
The every layer of slicing layer processed is sequentially placed into the position of corresponding supporting layer cut away by S3, then according to be formed zero
Assembled slice is sequentially overlapped acquisition three dimensional practicality, to complete hot isostatic pressing by the successive arrangement order of part between layers
The preparation of the raw material of forming；
S4 processes corresponding jacket according to the three dimensional practicality exterior contour that superposition obtains, and three dimensional practicality is put among jacket
Base at the beginning of part with jacket, is then placed in heating furnace and heats, and to jacket inside by base at the beginning of obtaining the part with jacket
It is vacuumized, carries out soldering and sealing after vacuumizing；
S5 carries out first time hip treatment to base at the beginning of the part with jacket, removes jacket after first time hot isostatic pressing；It will go
Added in the heating furnace between backing material fusing point and formation of parts material melting point except the three dimensional practicality of jacket is put into temperature
Heat obtains base among part after backing material is completely melt and is detached from slicing layer；
S6 takes out base among part, and carries out second of hip treatment to obtain required formation of parts.
2. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first time heat
For the temperature of equal static pressure in supporting layer fusing point hereinafter, pressure is 40MPa~200Mpa, the time is 2h~10h.
3. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that second of the heat
The temperature of equal static pressure is 0.5-0.8 times of part fusing point to be formed, and pressure is 40MPa~200MPa, and the time is 2h~10h.
4. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the slicing layer
With a thickness of 50 microns to 100 millimeters.
5. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the supporting layer
Fusing point is no more than 0.8 times of part material fusing point to be formed.
6. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that with jacket in S4
The first base of part is lower than backing material fusing point in the heating temperature of heating furnace.
7. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 based on increasing material manufacturing, which is characterized in that jacket
Internal vacuum degree is 10-3Pa~10-4Pa。
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| CN112427652B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2023-04-07 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Titanium alloy structural part and preparation method thereof |
| CN113088842A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-09 | 于立豪 | System and method for laminating alloy foils |
| CN113927034A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-01-14 | 上海理工大学 | Method for manufacturing vacuum self-packaging sheath for hot isostatic pressure powder metallurgy part |
| CN115121811B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-03-12 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Welding method of powder-spreading 3D printer casing and engine casing |
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