CN108421980A - A kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing - Google Patents
A kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108421980A CN108421980A CN201810216847.1A CN201810216847A CN108421980A CN 108421980 A CN108421980 A CN 108421980A CN 201810216847 A CN201810216847 A CN 201810216847A CN 108421980 A CN108421980 A CN 108421980A
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- hot isostatic
- isostatic pressing
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- layer
- manufacturing
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
- B22F2003/153—Hot isostatic pressing apparatus specific to HIP
Abstract
The invention belongs to advanced manufacturing fields, and specifically disclose a kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing, thought of this method based on increasing material manufacturing replaces the raw material that dusty material is shaped as hot isostatic pressing using layer structure material, and realizes that the hot isostatic pressing of part to be formed shapes by using backing material and twice hip treatment.This method, which has been abandoned, is used to common dusty material in heat and other static pressuring processes, and it is replaced by stratified material, fundamentally solve that complicated jacket is removed with inside control shape core difficulty difficult processing, the simulation of powder densification process sophisticated computers is difficult to realize precisely to control the problems such as powder particle boundary difficulty dispelling fatigue performance in shape, product is low in hot isostatic pressing, have many advantages, such as that forming is controllable, operation is convenient, is suitable for the quick high accuracy with complex internal constitutional detail part such as casing, gear, turbine and shapes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to advanced manufacturing fields, more particularly, to a kind of hot isostatic pressing forming side based on increasing material manufacturing
Method.
Background technology
Heat and other static pressuring processes be one kind using inert gases such as nitrogen or argon gas as pressure transmission medium, product is positioned over close
Among the container closed, under the collective effect of 0-2000 DEG C of temperature and 50-200MPa pressure, apply to product each to same pressure
Power.The technology can be used as the powder metallurgical technique for making powder directly heat pressure sintering forming.In recent years, this technology and mould
Tool control shape technology and computer simulation are combined so that loose powder realizes that powder is fine and close under the driving of pressure and temperature
While complete target part whole near-net-shape.Currently, because of the part even tissue of the process forming, at the same mechanical property with
Same material forging is suitable, and is widely used among the forming of high-performance difficulty processing part, especially aerospace key zero
The manufacture of part.
Although Powder hot isostatic pressure technology has greater advantage on whole near-net-shape, for complex internal knot
Still there are certain technical bottleneck and processing difficulties on the part (casing, turbine class in such as aerospace engine) of structure,
It is specific as follows：
1) external complex jacket and internal control shape core difficulty processing, hardly possible remove.For with complex internal structure casing,
The parts such as turbine class often make heat etc. using multisteps manufacturing process such as machining, punching press, hot investment casting and integral solder techniques
Static pressure outer wrap and internal control shape core, process is cumbersome, can not even be manufactured to labyrinth, become and restrict the big model of the technique
Enclose one of the bottleneck of application.Simultaneously, it is difficult to which irregular outer wrap and complicated interior is removed using conventional machine-tooled method
Shape core is controlled in portion, can only often be removed by the method for acid corrosion, and acid corrosion removal efficiency is low, and environmental pollution is very big,
Exist simultaneously the risk for eroding drip molding.
2) powder densification process is complicated in hot isostatic pressing, and computer simulation is difficult to realize precisely control shape.HIP at
During shape, the volume contraction of 30-40% can occur for powder, and jacket, which is pressurized, occurs larger volume and irregular deformation.Currently, still
Lack the ripe number for describing powder HIP densification and the interaction between deformation behavior and powder and jacket and core
Learn model.Therefore, cause computer that can only simulate jacket deformation tendency, it is difficult to accurately ensure final formability size essence
Degree.
3) the powder particle boundary difficulty in product is eliminated, and fatigue behaviour is low.The product shaped using Powder hot isostatic pressure is micro-
The starting powder particle side of powder and powder lap-joint can be clearly observed by seeing in tissue, the defect on this metallurgy is to product
Normal tensile property influences less, but in fatigue experiment, and often point is germinated in tired source, and has very to product fatigue behaviour
Big harm.
As can be seen that dusty material causes these problems from above-mentioned hot isostatic pressing technique bottleneck and processing difficulties
Basic reason.Therefore, there is an urgent need for a kind of novel hot isostatic pressing new methods of research and design for this field, fundamentally to overcome heat etc. quiet
Existing technical bottleneck problem when pressing formation complex parts.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of heat based on increasing material manufacturing etc. is quiet
Pressing formation method, this method have incorporated the thought of increasing material manufacturing, and proposition uses stratified material for hot isostatic pressing moulding material, passes through
By the forming and manufacture of stratified material accumulated layer by layer and realize complex parts using heat and other static pressuring processes, this method not only can be with
The form accuracy and dimensional accuracy for ensuring part simplify packet also without complicated jacket and control shape core by the introducing of supporting layer
Nested structure, and can realize the quick removal of jacket, it is suitable for preparing the part with complex internal structure.
To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing, this method
Thought based on increasing material manufacturing replaces the raw material that dusty material is shaped as hot isostatic pressing using layer structure material, and leads to
It crosses and realizes that the hot isostatic pressing of part to be formed shapes using backing material and twice hip treatment.
Although the method for the present invention introduces the thought of increasing material manufacturing, but it remains as hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process, draws
The purpose for entering increasing material manufacturing thought is the form of change raw material, and layer is used instead fundamentally to abandon original dusty material
Shape material, existing all kinds of defects, increasing material manufacturing thought are only embodied in when using dusty material to carry out hot isostatic pressing to overcome
During folding standby three dimensional practicality using stratiform layer of feed stock material layer heap, i.e., increasing material system is used in the pre-processing of raw material
The thought made, but subsequent forming technology is hot isostatic pressing forming technology, and powdered material is substituted by using stratified material
The hot isostatic pressing new method of material, to overcome the problems, such as the technical bottleneck of hot isostatic pressing flexible extrusion molding technique.
As it is further preferred that described method includes following steps：
S1 obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of part to be formed, and the three-dimensional CAD model for treating formation of parts carries out slicing treatment,
Each slicing layer and corresponding two-dimensional silhouette information are obtained, that chooses part to be formed prepares material as sliced materials, and according to
Two-dimensional silhouette information is processed sliced materials and obtains all slicing layers；
S2 prepares thickness supporting layer identical with slicing layer, each slice with the metal material less than part fusing point to be formed
Layer is correspondingly arranged on a supporting layer, and corresponding slicing layer is cut away according to the two-dimensional silhouette information of corresponding slicing layer in each supporting layer
Shape so that each supporting layer is just nested on corresponding slicing layer；
The every layer of slicing layer processed is sequentially placed into the position of corresponding supporting layer cut away by S3, and then basis is waited for into
Assembled slice is sequentially overlapped acquisition three dimensional practicality, to complete heat etc. by the priority ordering of shape part between layers
The preparation of the raw material of static pressure forming；
S4 processes corresponding jacket according to the three dimensional practicality exterior contour that superposition obtains, and three dimensional practicality is put into jacket
Among obtain base at the beginning of the part with jacket, then by base at the beginning of the part with jacket as being heated in heating furnace, and to jacket
Inside is vacuumized, and soldering and sealing is carried out after vacuumizing；
S5 carries out first time hip treatment to base at the beginning of the part with jacket, and jacket is removed after first time hot isostatic pressing；
By the three dimensional practicality for removing jacket be put into heating furnace of the temperature between backing material fusing point and formation of parts material melting point into
Row heating, obtains base among part after backing material is completely melt and is detached from slicing layer；
S6 takes out base among part, and carries out second of hip treatment to obtain required formation of parts.
As it is further preferred that the first time hot isostatic pressing temperature in supporting layer fusing point hereinafter, pressure be 40MPa
~200Mpa, time are 2h~10h.
As it is further preferred that the temperature of second of hot isostatic pressing is 0.5-0.8 times of part fusing point to be formed,
Pressure is 40MPa~200MPa, and the time is 2h~10h.
As it is further preferred that the thickness of the slicing layer is preferably 50 microns to 100 millimeters.
As it is further preferred that the fusing point of the supporting layer is no more than 0.8 times of part material fusing point to be formed.
As it is further preferred that base at the beginning of the part with jacket is molten less than backing material in the heating temperature of heating furnace in S4
Point.
As it is further preferred that the vacuum degree inside jacket is 10-3Pa~10-4Pa。
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, mainly have below
Technological merit：
1. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process of the present invention is different from existing conventional hot isostatic pressing method, increasing material manufacturing is managed
Thought is introduced into hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process, and to realize the manufacture of complex parts, by the introducing of the theory, it is quiet to have abandoned heat etc.
Press technique in be used to common dusty material, and by stratiform (sheet, plate) material replace, with fundamentally solve complicated jacket and
The simulation of powder densification process sophisticated computers is difficult in the problem of inside control shape core difficulty difficult processing removes, hot isostatic pressing
Difficulty dispelling fatigue performance low problem in powder particle boundary in the problem of realizing precisely control shape and product, controllable with forming,
The advantages that operation is convenient.
2. the present invention not only proposes a kind of new hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process, also the concrete technology of the manufacturing process is walked
Suddenly studied, by the research and design to each specific process step in this method, obtain it is a set of it is feasible, can have behaviour
The property made and process step that flow is relatively simple, it can be achieved that having complex internal constitutional detail such as casing, gear, whirlpool
The quick high accuracy forming of the parts such as wheel.
3. the invention also provides the concept of supporting layer, by designing the supporting layer adapted to slicing layer shape, and utilize
Slicing layer is effectively assembled in jacket by supporting layer, and effective support and the holding of shape of slicing layer on the one hand can be achieved, and
It is polluted by jacket in hot isostatic pressing since the presence of supporting layer can avoid slicing layer, on the other hand drawing due to supporting layer
Enter so that the in-profile of jacket determines by supporting layer, therefore when supporting layer is designed as regular geometric shapes, inside jacket
For regular geometric shapes the making labyrinth jacket as described in background technology and inside are not necessarily to without carrying out complicated processing
Control shape core.
4. the present invention also studies specific heat and other static pressuring processes, research obtains a kind of secondary hot isostatic pressing work
Skill, wherein control the temperature of first time hot isostatic pressing in supporting layer fusing point hereinafter, and the control of the pressure of hot isostatic pressing exists
40MPa~200Mpa, the time is 2h~10h, to ensure to ensure under the premise of supporting layer is unfused each stratiform independent of each other
Effective sintering between moulding material (i.e. slicing layer), so that after removing backing material, moulding material still can keep target
Parts profile；And by the control of the temperature of second of hot isostatic pressing at 0.5-0.8 times of part fusing point to be formed, pressure control exists
40MPa~200Mpa, the time is 2h~10h, so that moulding material is fully sintered, it is ensured that formation of parts has higher mechanics
Performance, and finally obtain required product.
5. base at the beginning of the part with jacket is first heated and is vacuumized as in heating furnace by the present invention, in hot conditions
The gas absorption object on lower removal sheet layer material surface, realizes the purpose of pumping removal of impurities, convenient for lamella during follow-up hot isostatic pressing
Then the sintering of storeroom carries out soldering and sealing to the jacket after vacuumizing and carries out secondary hip treatment again, to ensure lamella material
Effective sintering between material.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy gears are manufactured with the method for the present invention, wherein (a) is Ti-6Al-
4V titanium alloy gear schematic diagrames are (b) that Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy gears are sliced schematic diagram, are (c) Ti-6Al-4V that will be assembled
Titanium alloy is put into the schematic diagram of cylindrical jacket with fine aluminium；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that 718 nickel base superalloy turbine components of Inconel are manufactured with the method for the present invention, wherein
(a) it is 718 nickel base superalloy turbine schematic three dimensional views of Inconel, is (b) Inconel718 nickel base superalloys turbine two
Schematic diagram is tieed up, is (c) that 718 nickel base superalloy turbines of Inconel are sliced schematic diagram, is (d) Inconel 718 that will be assembled
Nickel base superalloy turbine is put into the schematic diagram of cylindrical jacket with fine copper.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
It does not constitute a conflict with each other and can be combined with each other.
The present invention provides a kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing, this method were shaped in hot isostatic pressing
Increasing material manufacturing thought has been incorporated in journey, replaces existing dusty material as heat using stratiform (sheet or plate) structural material
The raw material of hydrostatic pressing, and realize by the use of backing material and twice hip treatment the heat of part to be formed
Hydrostatic pressing.The method of the present invention changes conventional use of raw material in heat and other static pressuring processes, that is, does not use powdered material
Expect (it is the basic reason that various problems and defect occur in existing heat and other static pressuring processes), but replaced with layer structure, with this
It can fundamentally overcome the problems, such as that there are various technical bottlenecks and defects in hot isostatic pressing forming process.Wherein, increasing material manufacturing work
It is that three-dimensional solid geometry object is split into several planes, utilize different shape according to limited certain thickness as principle
Material be successively processed, final accumulation forms required three-dimensional model.
Specifically comprise the following steps as shown in Figure 1, being somebody's turn to do the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing：
One, raw material quasi- stage, including step S1-S3：
S1 obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of part to be formed, using Slice Software treat the three-dimensional CAD model of formation of parts into
Row slicing treatment obtains each slicing layer and corresponding two-dimensional silhouette information (i.e. pattern), and that chooses part to be formed prepares material
Acquisition is for example processed to sliced materials using laser cutting or machining as sliced materials, and according to two-dimensional silhouette information
The thickness of all slicing layers, each slicing layer can be identical or different, and specific thickness is determined according to part type and material, preferably
50 microns~100 millis；
S2 prepares thickness supporting layer identical with slicing layer, each slice with the metal material less than part fusing point to be formed
Layer is correspondingly arranged on a supporting layer, i.e. the sum of supporting layer is identical as the slice layer number of part to be formed, and the two thickness phase
Deng the geometry that, each supporting layer is rule, cut according to the two-dimensional silhouette information of corresponding slicing layer in each supporting layer
Fall the shape of corresponding slicing layer so that each supporting layer is just nested on corresponding slicing layer, so that each slicing layer obtains effectively
Support, i.e., dig out shape corresponding with slicing layer, such as cut away in the second supporting layer and cut with second in each supporting layer
The corresponding shape of lamella so that the second slicing layer can be nested in the second supporting layer, and the entirety constituted after the two is nested is
For the original-shape of the second supporting layer；
The every layer of slicing layer processed is sequentially placed into the position of corresponding supporting layer cut away by S3, i.e., by slicing layer with
Its corresponding supporting layer fits together, and both makes concordant, such as third slicing layer is assembled together with third supporting layer makes
The two is concordant, then the priority ordering according to part to be formed between layers, and assembled slice is sequentially overlapped and is obtained
Slicing layer is only superimposed by three dimensional practicality, this step, to complete the preparation of raw material and the fixation of position, each layer it
Between independently of each other, be not connected each other, i.e., only assemble part model, but part and unshaped；
Two, hot isostatic pressing shaping stage, including step S4-S6：
S4 processes corresponding jacket according to the three dimensional practicality exterior contour that superposition obtains, and three dimensional practicality is put into jacket
Among obtain the part with jacket at the beginning of base, since slicing layer is inlaid in supporting layer, supporting layer is sleeved in jacket, therefore jacket
In-profile determined by the integrally-built outer shape that all supporting layers are constituted, then by base at the beginning of the part with jacket as
It is heated in heating furnace, under the high temperature conditions, it is quiet to be conducive to subsequent thermal etc. for the gas absorption object on removal sheet layer material surface
Then sintering during pressure between sheet layer material vacuumizes jacket inside, soldering and sealing is carried out after vacuumizing, specific using true
Null device carries out vacuumize process by vacuum-pumping tube to jacket inside, and vacuum-pumping tube is arranged in jacket upper and lower side, has vacuumized
By exhaust tube soldering and sealing after, to realize the sealing of jacket；
S5 carries out first time hip treatment to base at the beginning of the part with jacket, and jacket is removed after first time hot isostatic pressing,
It is stratified material inside jacket, jacket still keeps its original geometry after first time hot isostatic pressing, is added using conventional machine
Work method can remove；The three dimensional practicality for removing jacket is put into temperature between backing material fusing point and moulding material fusing point
It is heated in the heating furnace of (i.e. temperature is less than moulding material fusing point higher than backing material fusing point), when backing material is completely melt
And base among part is obtained after being detached from slicing layer, since part fusing point to be formed is far above backing material, so in backing material
Heating temperature at fusing point will not lead to the variation of part generation in shape, just only be left to be formed zero after backing material melts
Part；
S6 takes out base among part, and carries out second of hip treatment to obtain required formation of parts.
Specifically, first time hot isostatic pressing purpose is effectively sintered between being to ensure that stratiform moulding material, just can go in this way
After backing material, moulding material still can keep target part profile, therefore it is carried out under the conditions of relatively lower temp,
For temperature in backing material fusing point hereinafter, pressure is 40MPa~200Mpa, the time is 2h~10h, under above-mentioned process conditions, with
It is metallurgy sintered to ensure that part material to be formed occurs so that moulding material is effectively sintered, it is ensured that subsequent high temperature removes backing material
Target part profile can be kept afterwards.And the purpose of second of hot isostatic pressing is to promote moulding material fully sintered, it is ensured that
Formation of parts has higher mechanical property, therefore it is carried out in the higher condition of relative temperature, and temperature is part to be formed
0.5-0.8 times of material melting point, pressure are 40MPa~200Mpa, and the time is 2h~10h to be made so under above-mentioned process conditions
Moulding material it is fully sintered, formation of parts has higher mechanical property.
Further, the fusing point of support layer material is no more than 0.8 times of part material fusing point to be formed, due to being more than
0.8 times, 0.8 times of moulding material can be higher than by melting the temperature of backing material, and the tissue for easily causing drip molding is coarse, is unfavorable for it
Mechanical property, the present invention by the way that the fusing point of support layer material is designed to 0.8 times no more than part material fusing point to be formed, with
Conducive to ensuring the mechanical property of drip molding, the geometry of backing material is regular circular or rectangular etc., concrete shape root
It is determined according to the geometrical morphology of part to be formed, jacket selects material identical with backing material.
More specifically, base at the beginning of the part with jacket is molten less than backing material in the heating temperature of heating furnace in step S4
Point, specially 200 DEG C -600 DEG C.In addition, the vacuum degree inside jacket is 10-3Pa~10-4Pa, can under the vacuum degree condition
Ensure that the gas absorption object on sheet layer material surface all removes, and is realized in hot isostatic pressing between certifiable sheet layer material
Effectively sintering.
It is the embodiment of the present invention below：
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 2 (a)~(c), the present embodiment is with the method manufacture height 100mm of the present invention, the Ti- of diameter 250mm
6Al-4V titanium alloy gear parts, 1 represents Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys slice for solid line in figure, and 2 represent fine aluminium fid for dotted line
Material, 3 be cylindrical jacket, is specifically comprised the following steps：
1) it is that 0.5mm is sliced and cuts that thickness is obtained after being handled by Slice Software according to the three-dimensional CAD model of titanium alloy gear
The two-dimensional signal of piece, according to every layer of titanium alloy gear slice pattern, using laser cutting method 0.5mm Ti-6Al-4V
All two dimension slicings are processed on titanium alloy plate；
2) it is backing material to choose fine aluminium, in thickness is 0.5mm, a diameter of according to every layer of target part slice information
Corresponding chip formation is cut away in the fine aluminium sheet backing material of 280mm, wherein backing material diameter is slightly larger than target part
Diameter can be that follow-up machining leaves surplus, while preventing target part from being polluted by jacket on hot isostatic pressing surface；
3) the every layer of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy processed slice is put into corresponding fine aluminium slice vacancy position, according to tooth
The slice information for taking turns each layer, by the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys spliced slice with fine aluminium slice according to the sequence of each slicing layer
It is sequentially overlapped into three dimensional practicality；
4) process internal diameter be 280mm, thickness 3mm, be highly 120mm fine aluminium jacket, and by assembled three-dimensional
Material object is put among fine aluminium jacket；
5) jacket for being placed with three dimensional practicality is true by taking out as vacuum equipment in heating furnace, is then utilized at 500 DEG C
Blank pipe carries out vacuumize process to jacket inside, when vacuum degree reaches 10-3By exhaust tube soldering and sealing after Pa；
6) it is quiet that the jacket equipped with three dimensional practicality after vacuumizing is put into progress first time heat etc. in hot isostatic pressing working chamber
Pressure, while increasing temperature and pressure is to 600 DEG C, 120MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 3 hours；
7) after first time hot isostatic pressing, machining is taken to remove jacket；
8) it will remove among the three dimensional practicality after jacket is put into 700 DEG C of heating furnace, wait for that fine aluminium is completely melt and is detached from Ti-
It is taken out after 6Al-4V titanium alloys in kind；
9) Ti-6Al-4V material objects are put into hot isostatic pressing working chamber and carry out second of hot isostatic pressing, while increasing temperature and pressure
To 930 DEG C, 120MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 3 hours；
10) material object is taken out after second of hot isostatic pressing, just can directly obtain Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy gears.
Embodiment 2
The product and process of preparation are same as Example 1, and only the vacuum degree in step 5) is 10-4Pa, it is same in step 6)
When increasing temperature and pressure to 600 DEG C, 200MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 2 hours, increasing temperature and pressure is protected to 930 DEG C, 100MPa simultaneously in step 9)
Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy gears can be equally prepared in warm pressurize 5 hours.
Embodiment 3
The product and process of preparation are same as Example 1, and only the vacuum degree in step 5) is 10-4Pa, it is same in step 6)
When increasing temperature and pressure to 600 DEG C, 80MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 7 hours, in step 9) simultaneously increasing temperature and pressure to 930 DEG C, 200MPa, heat preservation
Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy gears can be equally prepared in pressurize 2 hours.
Embodiment 4
Referring to Fig. 3 (a)~(d), the present embodiment is with the method manufacture height 200mm of the present invention, diameter 600mm
718 nickel base superalloy turbine components of Inconel, 1 represents 718 nickel base superalloys of Inconel slice for solid line in figure, and 2
Fine copper backing material is represented for dotted line, 3 be cylindrical jacket, is specifically comprised the following steps：
1) it is 1.0mm's that thickness is obtained after being handled by Slice Software according to the three-dimensional CAD model of nickel base superalloy turbine
Slice and the two-dimensional signal being respectively sliced are existed according to every layer of nickel base superalloy turbine slice pattern using laser cutting method
All two dimension slicings are processed on 718 nickel-based high-temperature alloy sheet materials of Inconel of 1.0mm；
2) it is backing material to choose fine copper, in thickness is 1.0mm, a diameter of according to every layer of target part slice information
Corresponding chip formation is cut away in the fine copper sheet backing material of 620mm, backing material diameter is slightly larger than target part diameter
Can be that follow-up machining leaves surplus, while preventing target part from being polluted by jacket on hot isostatic pressing surface；
3) 718 nickel base superalloys of every layer of Inconel processed slice is put into corresponding fine copper slice vacancy portion
718 nickel base superalloys of Inconel spliced slice and fine copper slice are pressed according to each layer of slice information of turbine position
It is sequentially overlapped into three dimensional practicality according to the sequence of each slicing layer；
4) process internal diameter be 620mm, thickness 3mm, be highly 420mm fine copper jacket, and it is the three-dimensional of assembling is real
Object is put among fine copper jacket；
5) then the above-mentioned jacket for being placed with three dimensional practicality is passed through at 600 DEG C using vacuum equipment as in heating furnace
Vacuum-pumping tube carries out vacuumize process to jacket inside, when vacuum degree reaches 10-3By exhaust tube soldering and sealing after Pa；
6) it is quiet that the jacket equipped with three dimensional practicality after vacuumizing is put into progress first time heat etc. in hot isostatic pressing working chamber
Pressure, while increasing temperature and pressure is to 900 DEG C, 120MPa, and heat-insulation pressure keeping 3 hours；
7) after first time hot isostatic pressing, machining is taken to remove jacket；
8) will remove after jacket it is in kind be put into 1100 DEG C of heating furnace among, wait for that fine copper is completely melt and is detached from Inconel
It is taken out after 718 nickel base superalloys in kind；
9) 718 nickel base superalloy material objects of Inconel are put into hot isostatic pressing working chamber to carry out second of heat etc. quiet
Pressure, while increasing temperature and pressure is to 1200 DEG C, 120MPa, and heat-insulation pressure keeping 3 hours；
10) material object is taken out after second of hot isostatic pressing, just can directly obtain 718 nickel base superalloy turbines of Inconel.
Embodiment 5
The product and process of preparation are same as Example 4, and only the vacuum degree in step 5) is 10-4Pa, it is same in step 6)
When increasing temperature and pressure to 600 DEG C, 40MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 10 hours, in step 9) simultaneously increasing temperature and pressure to 930 DEG C, 60MPa, heat preservation
Inconel718 nickel base superalloy turbines can be equally prepared in pressurize 9 hours.
Embodiment 6
The product and process of preparation are same as Example 4, only in step 6) simultaneously increasing temperature and pressure to 600 DEG C, 180MPa,
Heat-insulation pressure keeping 2.8 hours, to 930 DEG C, 40MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 10 hours can be equally prepared into increasing temperature and pressure simultaneously in step 9)
To 718 nickel base superalloy turbines of Inconel.
The essence of the present invention is that the thought of increasing material manufacturing has been incorporated in hot isostatic pressing forming process, using lamellar structure material
Material replaces dusty material, the backing material by low melting point and secondary heat and other static pressuring processes, realizes the hot isostatic pressing of complex parts
Forming solves complicated jacket and the processing of core difficulty, the difficult technical barrier removed.
It is emphasized that the present invention is a kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process, substantially work is shaped using hot isostatic pressing
Skill is formed with the parts such as the part of complex internal structure, such as casing, gear, turbine, which is used for
As the forming technology of complex parts, rather than subsequent treatment process, be different from it is in the prior art using hot isostatic pressing as
The defects of subsequent treatment process is to eliminate part void improves part consistency and performance；The method of the present invention utilizes stratiform
Material is different from dusty material usual in existing hot isostatic pressing forming technology as raw material, multiple fundamentally to solve
The problem of miscellaneous jacket and internal control shape core difficulty difficult processing removal；The present invention only introduces increasing in hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process
The theory of material manufacture, emphasis is still hot isostatic pressing forming rather than increasing material manufacturing, required complex parts are quiet by heat etc.
Pressing formation technique prepares rather than increasing material manufacturing obtains, which is only intended to prepare the hot isostatic pressing forming of stratiform
Raw material are used for subsequent thermal hydrostatic pressing.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing, which is characterized in that thought of this method based on increasing material manufacturing
The raw material that dusty material is shaped as hot isostatic pressing are replaced using layer structure material, and by using backing material and two
Secondary hip treatment realizes the hot isostatic pressing forming of part to be formed.
2. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the method includes
Following steps：
S1 obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of part to be formed, and the three-dimensional CAD model for treating formation of parts carries out slicing treatment, obtains
Each slicing layer and corresponding two-dimensional silhouette information, that chooses part to be formed prepares material as sliced materials, and according to two dimension
Profile information is processed sliced materials and obtains all slicing layers；
S2 prepares thickness supporting layer identical with slicing layer, each slicing layer with the metal material less than part fusing point to be formed
It is correspondingly arranged on a supporting layer, corresponding slicing layer is cut away according to the two-dimensional silhouette information of corresponding slicing layer in each supporting layer
Shape so that each supporting layer is just nested on corresponding slicing layer；
The every layer of slicing layer processed is sequentially placed into the position of corresponding supporting layer cut away by S3, then according to be formed
Assembled slice is sequentially overlapped acquisition three dimensional practicality by the priority ordering of part between layers, quiet to complete heat etc.
The preparation of the raw material of pressing formation；
S4 processes corresponding jacket according to the three dimensional practicality exterior contour that superposition obtains, and by three dimensional practicality be put into jacket it
Middle acquisition base at the beginning of the part with jacket, then by base at the beginning of the part with jacket as being heated in heating furnace, and in jacket
Portion is vacuumized, and soldering and sealing is carried out after vacuumizing；
S5 carries out first time hip treatment to base at the beginning of the part with jacket, and jacket is removed after first time hot isostatic pressing；It will go
Added except the three dimensional practicality of jacket is put into heating furnace of the temperature between backing material fusing point and formation of parts material melting point
Heat obtains base among part after backing material is completely melt and is detached from slicing layer；
S6 takes out base among part, and carries out second of hip treatment to obtain required formation of parts.
3. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described first
For the temperature of secondary hot isostatic pressing in supporting layer fusing point hereinafter, pressure is 40MPa~200Mpa, the time is 2h~10h.
4. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that second of the heat
The temperature of isostatic pressed is 0.5-0.8 times of part fusing point to be formed, and pressure is 40MPa~200MPa, and the time is 2h~10h.
5. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the slicing layer
Thickness is preferably 50 microns to 100 millimeters.
6. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the supporting layer
Fusing point is no more than 0.8 times of part material fusing point to be formed.
7. the hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process based on increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that with jacket in S4
Just base is less than backing material fusing point to part in the heating temperature of heating furnace.
8. such as hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process of the claim 1-7 any one of them based on increasing material manufacturing, which is characterized in that jacket
Internal vacuum degree is 10-3Pa~10-4Pa。
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