CN1043805A

CN1043805A - Generate the apparatus and method of three-dimensional body

Info

Publication number: CN1043805A
Application number: CN89106649A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雷尔夫·拉森; 奥维·拉森
Original assignee: SPARX CORP
Current assignee: SPARX CORP
Priority date: 1988-08-30
Filing date: 1989-08-30
Publication date: 1990-07-11
Also published as: KR900702415A; SE461752B; AU4068489A; WO1990002361A1; JPH04500180A; ES2014902A6; EP0431005A1; SE8803017D0

Abstract

The present invention relates to use converting machine to make a kind of method and apparatus of three-dimensional body, this converting machine is subjected to the control of computer instruction.Material is made up of number of plate-shaped or tabular section (16).Electrode (17a, a 17b on the tabular surface of each section (16), have been placed at least; 42,43), and on these electrodes, applied the voltage that is enough between electrode to produce disruptive spark.Thereby, be positioned at electrode the other side's part material or section (16) that the material particle is able to from correspondence and eliminate or be bonded on this section (16).Treated section with the order determined layer by layer in conjunction with forming described three-dimensional body.

Description

Generate the apparatus and method of three-dimensional body

The converting machine that the present invention relates to the appliance computer instruction control generates a kind of method of three-dimensional body, the material of this object is made up of some sheet or dish type sections with given size, they are processed according to given computer instruction, the some parts that makes material is permanently by cancellation, and each section of handling with this method then links to each other to form described three-dimensional body layer by layer with the order of programming.

In design effort, often wish to see and in the 3D shape of showing designed component sometimes practically, this is particularly suitable for the engineering with computer-aided design (CAD) (CAD), wherein database is not subjected to people to be directly used in manufacturing purpose (CAM) usually with intervening, with digital control interpreter and other automat for manufacturing because the cost that the mistake that the processing of wrong designing institute generation interrelates is paid is high.

In the three-dimensional picture of complexity, the cylinder head of internal combustion engine for example, and the installation of some associated member that is difficult to measure, the configuration effort of private car engine box is for example finished the condition of actual manufacturing work in early days often to the contact of mock-up in manufacture process.

Often run into the large-scale company of this needs, auto industry for example has their model room usually, according to fabricator's requirement with than being easier to process or the made of moulding goes out its part.Some industry Aided Design database that also uses a computer in numerical control cutting machine for example carries out the model manufacturing.Small company employs extraneous model room or fully phase out this step in some cases in product development work, and the result causes high scrap cost in finished product production.

Yet, for present applied all molds, methods of making, its record all is time-consuming with manufacturing work, and causes the uncontinuity of deviser's task in real work, promptly will finish and verifies that it makes principle for final products or parts.

For this reason, as possible, preferably can be for the deviser provides one his or her object got more information about, so that the interactive operation of not time-consuming delivery cycle between deviser's creative and his or her achievement to be provided.

Some computer-aided design (CAD) supplier has used a kind of three-dimensional picture to object that the method for certain understanding is provided, and this system allows the designer to observe this object from an optional visual angle in screen, and obtains the photo formula skeleton view of this object with this.Supplier has done a large amount of effort for the entity sense of promoting this figure, for example adopts the method for selecting tints and shades.Yet, fact proved that the effect of this equipment aspect distribution and aesthstic displaying is bigger to the contribution of the demand of mock-up than minimizing in design effort.

A kind of method of using the computer-aided design data storehouse manufacturing mock-up that directly is connected with designer's workplace is at US-A-4, and 575, be described in 330(C.W.Hull).This so-called stereolithography method is based on following principle: ultraviolet rays convergent pencil of rays handing-over on liquid photopolymer top layer a bit, and this point of impact is solidified with this.Therefore, filling on the plastic liquid groove that ultraviolet ray solidifies and on two-dimensional directional, just can solidify a section by in check light source from desired model.The section of making like this is placed on the stand that can move on the vertical direction in groove.After whenever finishing a transversal section, reducing stand gradually just can be together bonded to each other and produce a complete model of this object with each layer.

This method be owing to the time reason can only produce scale model, so only try out successfully on volume is several cubic decimeters small-sized machine so far.It is said that accuracy to size is owing to shrink and inner tensions is out of shape the model generation of completion to become problem.Equipment cost cost an arm and a leg and make in each model to take many hours, this operation consuming time relatively becomes the factor that this method is applied that limits.

US-A-4752352 discloses a kind of apparatus and method that constitute a bulk, three-dimensional object with lamination.At a workstation, a kind of template material is cut into required shape, and become the shape of this three-dimensional body at a station lamination that these are single by selected in advance assembled in sequence.This device is remaining a large amount of waste materials from cutting, and this is a kind of defective.

Generally speaking, can say so: also do not find a kind of effective and practical equipment of in product development work, contacting directly that is used for the interactive model manufacturing with designer's workplace.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of can the interactive method of making three-dimensional model, mainly it is intended to duplicate computer-aided design data storehouse content according to the operator and carries out.After as long as the operator assigned the order of making one or more models by his or her operational terminal, this method just should be in the unmanned quick manufacturing that provides for the object in the research under for the condition of interfering, and a kind of device of finishing this method.

In other words, a kind of method, it provides a kind of device that can be placed in the office and can make complicated three-dimensional model, and this device can digitally be regenerated the object that defines in database.

Thereby this method must be allowed the manufacturing hollow mould, and does not need to draw the tire core in the imagination or the profile diagram of other tools sections when being shaped, and is for example used in the injection moulding.This method must further allow the manufacturing of different materials, for example rigid even matter or polyfoam, elastic caoutchouc section bar material and some metal and other low melting material.This method also must be left a large amount of waste materials after object is made.

Realize above-mentioned purpose with the following fact: on each tabular surface of each section, place at least one electrode, and add the voltage that is enough between electrode, strike sparks thereon, make the material part or the particle that are located substantially on the electrode opposite can be able to remove or be connected on the corresponding section from corresponding section.

A kind of device of this method of realizing addresses this problem with the following fact: can place or place at least one electrode on each tabular surface of each section, and the electrode that is associated with given computer instruction can be connected with a voltage source, this voltage source is enough to sparking is provided between electrode, makes a part of material or particle remove or connect from the section of correspondence.

Fig. 1 shows typical user environment, and wherein an apparatus according to the invention makes it can carry out the interactive model manufacturing on terminal.

Fig. 2 shows the perspective and the partial sectional view of the equipment among Fig. 1, to show inside of the present invention.

Fig. 3 illustrates the engagement framework with interior engaging tooth with skeleton view, and with the part of bigger engineer's scale display frame to show its engaging tooth.

Fig. 4 is the skeleton view of a service part, and wherein outermost three sheet material flitch separate from service part, and separated from each other, is used to show the direction of grid lines.

Fig. 5 is the part skeleton view that has the plate of material of surrounding electric poles layer.Voltage source symbolically be connected this above plate the grid lines and be adjacent between the grid lines below this plate, showed a spark discharge of passing the grid intersection region simultaneously.

Fig. 6 shows on the material service part outermost laminate spark discharge between two grid lines.Do not need part for what show how spark to cut the grid lines, the intersection region is shown with the engineer's scale that amplifies.

Fig. 7 shows according to another kind of device of the present invention, and wherein finish after the material processed each transversal section, and its grid lines can be extracted out from material components continuously and remove.This figure shows the two end portions of grid lines simultaneously with magni-scale.Fig. 7 b shows a section by the right end portion of the being seen amplification of the direction of arrow from Fig. 7 a.

Fig. 8 shows how a transversal section S-S of object be shaped in the one piece material plate with the electrode around its.

Fig. 9 is the skeleton view that has a device of removable handling implement according to of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the side view of the equipment among Fig. 9, has amplified the working position of this handling implement, so that more clearly illustrate its details.

Figure 11 is another side view with device of fixed electorde, and the working position of handling implement has been carried out amplifying so that more clearly illustrate its details.

Figure 12 has showed that a flatbed plotter adds after the annex, can the method according to this invention handle plate of material.

Figure 13 is the side view according to a device of the present invention, and wherein a single file spark point model can be with very high speed near a untreated plate of material.

Figure 14 is the top view of the device among Figure 13.

In the figure of the embodiment that shows the device of realizing this method, its numeral:

1. a complete device that is used for model constructed in accordance;

2. a terminal or workstation that is connected to the kind equipment of a computer-aided design (CAD) computing machine;

3. a model manufactured according to the present invention;

4. be used for service part is advanced past a feed-in screw rod of engagement frame;

5. the drive unit of this screw rod;

6. service part material;

7. be connected to the control module of the kind equipment of computer-aided design (CAD) computing machine;

8. the web member between control module and the engaging tooth, for example a cable;

9. be used to be electrically connected the grid lines and, be called the engagement frame with the frame of internal engagement device;

11. accept the frame plate of completion model;

13. be called the joggle piece of engaging tooth;

16. the sheet of material, path shape or tabular section are called plate of material;

17. grid lines;

18. spark or electric arc;

19. voltage;

20. electric spark is handled the geometric figure of the imagination that requirement stays in the plate of material of back;

21. can form calculated circuit, and be controlled by the isolating switch of control module or the synoptic diagram of miscellaneous part;

22. thermofin;

23. the contact block of grid lines;

24. surround the insulation course of grid lines, for example enamelled coating;

25. the void space that handle to form, material is herein eliminated from plate of material, for example is melted or gasifies;

26. the grid lines are connected to the connector of the coupling arrangement of control module, for example, bellmouth;

27. corresponding to the part of the plate of material of the in question transversal section of object, with the model in its manufacturing planning;

28. undressed flat-form material reservoir, for example, a coil sheet;

29. be called the X-Y servo control mechanism, be used for the servo guiding mobile device that handling implement is moved up in two independent parties that are parallel to plate of material;

30. be used to lead with drive the guide rail of X-Y servo control mechanism, for example tooth bar;

A 31. model in constructed in accordance just;

32. be used for fixing the assembled plate of first completed plate shape section of (for example passing through vacuum) model;

33. be called the driving and the guide piece that uncompleted model is moved of drift;

34. the base plate fixing with respect to back up pad;

35. power cable;

36. be called the handling implement of instrument, for example spark point or laser gun;

37. be called a plate of back up pad, it does not handle treatment process;

38. the void space that treatment process is made in plate of material;

39. the reservoir of the remainder of the plate of material after being used for collection and treatment and finishing, for example, a coil sheet (roll);

40. connect the slider of this device and the cable of power supply;

41. the slider that electrically contacts with the paper tinsel layer of plate of material;

42. spark point;

43. be called the conductive layer of the one side of paper tinsel layer and topped basically whole plate of material, for example, graphite or metal forming;

44. logic and/or power supply unit are called driving circuit, its according to from the control data of control module with the voltage distribution of necessity to relevant spark point;

45. the cable that between driving circuit and control module and/or current source cell, carries out serial communication and power supply;

46. flatbed plotter;

47. supply the unit of required electric energy to handling implement;

48. prestress makes it to be pressed on the spring equipment on the gusset on discrete plate of material lamination;

49. guide the reservoir of untreated plate of material;

A 50. folded unprocessed and mutual disjunct plate of material;

51. at the servo guiding mobile device that is parallel to a mobile single file spark point model on the direction of plate of material and an infrared tube;

52. locate the gusset of a untreated plate of material;

53. hot radiant element, for example, infrared tube;

54. the waste material around the plate of material of finishing;

55. one deck heat is imitated cement, for example, and melten gel;

56. single file spark point model;

57. handle the device of material;

58. the unit of the plate of material that joining process is crossed.

Use the function that method of the present invention can realize various design concepts and service part material and device.According to a kind of principle, can on every bulk flitch, realize good three-dimensional guidance quality processing with quite a spot of grid lines, compared with the method that each spark discharge point is connected on the independent lead, its grid lines are wanted much less.Fig. 2,3,4,5 and 6 devices that show according to this principle.

The service part material, for example than the bigger material block of model 3 sizes after the completion, comprise a large amount of sections 16 that are connected practically on the piece, perhaps loose plate of

material

16a and 16b, between them, have a large amount of conductions line strip and they vertically on parallel electrode 17(be called the grid lines), their mutual insulatings, and on the transversal section between each plate of material 16, form the grill-shaped figure that is covered with whole surface.In addition, each such electrode layer is that the electrode layer that is adjacent is laterally installed.Like this, service part 6 can with it vertically on (according to Fig. 4), form by the electrode layer 17 with horizontal mesh lines 17, plate of material 16a, electrode layer, plate of material 16b, electrode layer, plate of material 16a or the like with horizontal mesh lines 17 with vertical grid lines 17.The service part of forming in this way 6 requires to link together equably, and has the smooth defining surface of accurate dimension in its periphery.The netted lines 17 of each separation end at or are connected on the outer defining surface of service part material at the one end.

Netted lines 17 have sealed the plate of material 16 of an isolation between two transverse faults, and constituted a fence gate pattern with a large amount of point of crossing, this is by the intersection point from the vertical being seen two-layer mutually perpendicular grid lines of service part material, and determined from the horizontal being seen material between two-layer grid lines of service part material, see Fig. 4.

The netting twine 17 of each electrode layer on two sides that will be arranged in the plate of material 16 of service part material is connected to a suitable voltage 19, and short circuit can cause producing in the intersection region between two continuous electrodes the spark discharge with electric arc 18.Suitably allotment penetrates the electric current and the perdurability of this electric arc of this plate of material 16, can make material melts or gasification in this intersection region.The hole of a penetrable material plate 16 be can in this intersection region, generate with the method, and the size and the surface quality thereof in hole determined energy that is applied and perdurability thereof.Several netting twines 17 can connect simultaneously, at this moment can produce several spark discharges 18 simultaneously.

Order applies electric energy on the netting twine 17 that some process is selected, and just can obtain the hole of desired figure in plate of material 16.If the calibration of netting twine 17 is suitable for the size in hole, then hole and hole can overlap each other, and at this moment, the spark discharge in the adjacent intersection region forms the void space of path type.Also can adjust the electric conductivity of material, make when spark discharge begins that just by forming of early generating, at this moment electric arc passes through material with shortest path in the intersection region in the hole.With such method, electric arc 18 just can be between two adjacent intersection points " drawing " duct.

So just, can make desired partial melting or gasification on the service part material 6 with the method that sequentially on suitably selected netting twine 17, applies electric energy.Figure 8 illustrates, the netting twine that will surround a bulk flitch 16 simultaneously is communicated with, and make a control module 7 be connected to a computer aided design system 2, a part that designs on computer aided design system has a corresponding transversal section S-S, sequentially be transformed into void space 25a on the plate of material 16 with the intersection region work in-process of all expression void space or peripheral defining surfaces for this transversal section S-S, the present invention can show the shape on this entity component transversal section S-S under consideration.This method can sequentially repeat with all netting twines that be communicated with to surround the adjacent materials plate, and the next corresponding transversal section of making the part of computer-aided design (CAD)s via control module 7.The part that do not need of this section can be removed from each bulk flitch like this, thereby makes a complete three-dimensional model 3 of this part.The control module of this device also must be burnt the material 25b in the service part material, so that the remainder of operator's mask work component materials exposes model.

Ability with the geometric configuration in the model 3 reproduction computer-aided design data storehouses depends on the thickness of plate of material 16 and the relative calibration of electrode 17.Service part material 6 is compared with a three-dimensional grid mould, and by controlled spark discharge material is gasified or fusing.Thereby the resolution of net mould has been determined the digital surface structure of model.

A kind of device that is used to carry out this method, it comprises a frame 9, side has been arranged thin and the engaging tooth 13 of point with the calibration identical with netting twine within it.Frame 9 must surround the peripheral defining surface of service part material 6 with high precision, on this position, makes the engaging tooth that stretches out from frame pierce into service part material 6 to a certain extent.In this way, engaging tooth 13 and grid line bar 17 are electrically contacted or make both fully close, make it with controlled spark discharge electric energy transmitting.The calibration of these explanation service part material 6 peripheral defining surface netting twines and the thickness of engaging tooth must be adjusted, make netting twine 17 with respect to engaging tooth 13 locational all may allow that the result can both guarantee the coupling of monodrome, even even tooth 13 do not electrically contact with netting twine 17.

Also must provide a feed-in equipment 4 and 5 to frame, it can present service part material 6 by frame 9 with high precision so that netting twine 17 monodromes of engaging tooth and encirclement in-process stock plate 16 contact.Feed-in equipment 4 and 5 must pass through frame 9 by pushing service part material 6 under the startup of control module 7, make the connection of engaging tooth 13 be transformed into an electrode layer at every turn.Service part material 6 preferably can be made the length that once can make several models from same service part in the vertical.

Device 1 finally also must comprise the method for eliminating remaining netting twine 17 from model 3, or some other elimination method.This can gasify the netting twine 17 that consumes or no longer need in the lump or melt and realize in operation.Fig. 3 has showed the method that realizes this point.In this embodiment, netting twine 17 must have essentially identical thermal behavior with the remainder of service part material 6.In this case, netting twine 17 preferably is made of the low resistance wire in the plate of material 16.This can be in the process of manufactured materials plate when hot forming (for example), injects conducting particles and realize from thin shower nozzle, for example, injects carbon dust.Another kind method is to coat the colloid that has a kind of conduction of essentially identical thermal property with this plate of material on plate of material 16.

May wish that netting twine 17 has than the slightly high fusing point of service part material on every side, this is that the electric conductivity of netting twine is kept in the fusion process that guarantees the plate of material 16 in the intersection region.Fig. 6 shows this process, and according to arrow P, suitable netting twine 17b must connect via the isolating switch 21a-21n of expression symbolically, so that with correct method consumption, promptly burns netting twine 17.If the heat conductivility of undressed service part material 6 is not enough to cool off grid lines 17a, so that netting twine 17b burns the not fusing still of back plate of material fully, a kind of heat-seal layer 22, for example a kind of have dystectic crystallization glue and can be added on the division surface between each plate of material 16.This confining bed 22 has guaranteed that netting twine can only be from simultaneously burning.

This communication direction P and this confining bed 22 guarantee that netting twine 17a remains unaffected, and dies in operation up to it.Remaining heat-seal layer 22 still keeps, it preferably has very frangible physical strength, therefore, layer 22 in the service part material, gasified or the zone that melts away in, can not independently form self supporting structure, promptly layer 22 becomes certain dust or powder, because it is not subjected to the support of plate of material 16.

The another kind of method of eliminating the grid lines is a certain amount of material of burning on the service part 6 peripheral defining surfaces, makes netting twine 17 come out as the striped that extends, and is convenient to like this with being installed in the cylinder that service part unloads the outlet next door it be eliminated.

Another kind method is with not heat conduction but the low made netting twine 17 of physical strength, for example, and thin metal foil.Thin sub-thread carbon filament also showed suitable character, and they are easy to bending fatigue under such as ultrasonic or other oscillation frequency effect because make the back at model.

Another method of eliminating netting twine 17 is to add thermal incineration, and at this moment the two ends of each bar netting twine 17 all must be electrically connected with a power circuit.The interior resistance of line can make the line burning soon, since the quality and the cooling effect of great disparity, the material around this unlikely influence.

Another kind of method according to the present invention is illustrated among Fig. 7.Wherein the longitudinal direction of netting twine is parallel to the feed-in direction at the service part material 6 of device 1 outside, and is positioned at the end face formation electrode surface of the line 17 of material block.This principle means that device 1 can extract netting twine 17 out in a controlled manner from the service part material.Each netting twine 17 is to insulate with surrounding environment such as enamelled coating.Yet two end faces of line 17 all are on-insulated.In service part material 6, set up a point-like electrode surface with this free end,, this electrode can have been placed on any position of service part material 6 by the relative motion between line 17 and the service part material 6 at grid lines 17.

All netting twines 17 are connected to a contact block 23 at the other end, and it allows grid lines being electrically connected via coupling arrangement 26 and control module 7 simultaneously.For free end each position in service part material 6 of netting twine, thereby might provide a spark discharge 18, and take this to generate void space 25.By the relative motion between contact block 23 and the service part material 6, this device should be able to progressively be extracted netting twine out.

The advantage of this device of Ti Chuing does not promptly have remaining netting twine 17 fully in the model of completion at last.Its shortcoming is that the considerable number ground of netting twine is greater than the required number of the principle of first proposition.

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 9, its handling implement 36 can move along (arrow C and D) on the X and Y direction of back up pad 37, and this back up pad is again an electrode plate simultaneously.The plate of material of unprocessed mistake, for example with the form of continuous band, from being arranged in the coil sheet 28(arrow A of back up pad rear (observing) from instrument 36 aspects) be fed into from instrument 36 to it seems it is position piecemeal in the back of back up pad 37, and with the device of for example vacuum this plate of material 16 is fixed on the back up pad 37.The control module (not shown) is used the data from computer aided design system, the servomechanism installation 29 on the paths 25 in the sideline by being positioned at the transversal section of considering corresponding to object, control tool 36 on X and Y direction.Instrument 36 just is able to or by fusing or gasification separating materials, perhaps by thermal treatment and/or sintering material is connected to (not shown in Figure 9) on the plate face, reappears the shape in the object consideration on all main details.After processing finishes, have the drift 32 of not finishing model 31 and be pushed into contact with the plate face that has completed (arrow B).Like this, the plate face of this completion will be pressed in the outermost layer of model 31 and the plate face and back up pad 37 loaded onto at last between.If use the heat that the back up pad 37 of band loading type resistance wire warmer is supplied with, just the melten gel that is coated with on the plate face that in the end completes can be bonded in this plate face on the lamination face 31 of early making.

This just may handle one one mould plate successively and bond together according to this method, and described model digitally reproduces the geometric figure in the computer-aided design data storehouse.After bonding finished, the model of completion just can be deviate from from this device, for example, and with the vacuum adsorption method between interrupt model and the installing plate 32.

These solve carries plate of material 16, and the distinct methods of surplus products 39 and model 31 allows different types of processing.Several embodiment have only been showed in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 10 shows the electric arc that the electric breakdown between the conductive foil layer 43 at the electrode 42 in the instrument of being applied in 36 and plate of material 16 back sides produces and handles section 16.Back up pad must have the electricity and the thermal impedance of (optimated) of an optimum 37 this moments, so that electric arc 18 is subjected to negative effect without interruption or otherwise.The geometric configuration of the void space 25 that the movement velocity that imposes on the electric energy of electric arc 18 and servomechanism installation 29 is subject to processing influence.

Via the slider 41 of cable 40 ground connection, can between paper tinsel layer 43 and spark point 42, set up an electric closed-circuit system.

Instrument 36 also can be an energy emission device, for example the laser gun of the abundant light beam that focuses on of emission.The energy of light beam must be adjusted, so that can generate a suitable void space 25 by fusing or gasification.At this moment, back up pad 37 must be to make with the material that can see through laser beam and have enough resistance to heats, for example quartz glass.

Another kind has been shown among Figure 11 plate of material has been carried out hot worked device.In this embodiment, one has replaced servomechanism installation with respect to the fixing electrode die of plate of material or the grid 42 of a contact rod, these contact rods for example are can be according to from the control data of control module (not shown), sequentially are connected to spark point on the cable 45 via serial/parallel capable conversion driving circuit 44.In this embodiment, a back up pad 37 or a paper tinsel layer 43 constitute counter electrode.

Another embodiment has been shown among Figure 12, and one of them simple annex makes that a general dressing plate plotting apparatus 46 can be from being used as converting machine of the present invention.In this embodiment, handling implement 36 has replaced the pen in the penholder held of plotting apparatus 46.This instrument can be spark point for example, gets on the counter electrode of fixed head or conductive foil form from the electric arc that this spark point is sent.

Embodiment among Figure 13 and 14 is based on a spark point model 56 that can move linearly.Servosystem 51 can guide it to be close to the surface of a undressed plate of material 16 at high speed.The plate of material 16 that each piece does not link to each other with any other plate of material before processed, its dorsad the one side of spark point 42 scribble a conductive layer 43 and thermal effect layer 55, for example a melten gel.These two layers 43 and 55 preferably can synthesize same integral layer, for example the conductive layer of a melten gel.

When servo unit 51 leading electrode models 56 forward the time, the control module (not shown) is connected corresponding spark point 42 according to the geometric figure of the transversal section in considering, make between spark point 42 that is energized and conductive layer 43, electric arc 18 to occur that this conductive layer 43 is that the mode with a suitable earthing device (not shown) connects.Can for good and all the material face 25 that needs on the plate of material 16 to remove be eliminated with very high speed in this way.Servosystem 51 every run-downs of this equipment are just handled a plate.

After first block of plate of each new model of handling with this method handled completion through battery lead plate 56 and is transported on the position on next door, can be by a vibration installing plate 32 to hold such as pull of vacuum.Then, the material piece of completion can be unclamped from reservoir 49 and pull out in four gussets 52.When the plate of material of holding when installing plate 32 and it was got back to their original position, servomechanism 51 just can restart, and electrode model 56 is driven into next above the bulk flitch; When last block of plate drawn pine, this plate of material had been compressed by spring equipment 48 and has been positioned on four gussets 52.Then, processing just can repeat.Be installed in a heat radiation unit 53 on the servosystem 51, will heat the melten gel 55 that is coated in the last backboard face of handling at the same time or separately with processing.

After second block of plate handled completion, the glue on first block of plate also will melt and readyly bond with second block of plate.This is to realize with such way, and installing plate is realized vibration once again, first block of plate will be pressed on second block of plate with the sufficiently long time, and melten gel is bonded together two blocks of plates.When installing plate returns its origin-location, second block of plate will draw pine from four gussets 52.

According to the equipment of Figure 13 and 14, after this can repeat this string operation order with very high speed, for the each time scanning of electrode model 56, just on model 31, increase a new plate of material 16 with installing plate 32.After the model completion, just the pull of vacuum between model and the installing plate is disconnected, at this moment, the model of completion and waste material on every side 54 thereof just can be deviate from the slave unit.

When using this or other embodiment described herein, waste material 54 on every side comes out simultaneously with the model 31 of completion, the operator has to the waste material 54 around manual the removing, and it is that loose ground is connected on the less material section of the model that the control module of this device places fortunately.

The invention is not restricted to the example of treatment process as described herein and device, and may produce a large amount of modification and combination within the scope of the invention.

Thereby might make the service part material that the device that has fixing needle electrode replaces being equipped with the grid lines within the scope of the invention, described needle electrode penetrates the service part material and facilitates partial gasification or fusing with this.Also may use metal alloy meltable and even matter or sintering as the service part material.Also may in following situation, use stupalith, material breakdown be handled with the mechanical vibrational energy of concentrating, for example, focusing ultrasonic.

This method can a table apparatus or machine in being placed on the general office environment in, with accurate dimensions very fast and need not be artificially manufacturing three-dimensional model and object with interfering.This is surely with this equipment of lower sell at competitive and plate of material, and therefore, this method is given many fabricators surely, and designer and architect directly use chance of the present invention in their workplace.

Claims

1, a kind of method of making three-dimensional body by the converting machine of computer instruction control of using, wherein, material comprises with the number of plate-shaped of given size or plate shape section (16), these sections are handled according to given computer instruction, make a part of material permanently eliminate, the section of handling with this method is connected to each other layer by layer with the order of mapping out and constitutes described three-dimensional body (3) together, it is characterized in that: on each tabular surface of each section (16), placed at least one electrode (17a, 17b, 42,43), and one be enough to be applied on these electrodes at the voltage that produces spark-over between the electrode, makes part material on the correspondence position that is located substantially on electrode or particle be removed or be connected on this section (16) from the section (16) of correspondence.

2, the method that is proposed in the claim 1 is characterized in that: be positioned on each section (16) and be eliminated under the influence that the selected locational material particle of calculation machine instruction of using tricks can be taken at concentrated heat energy or melt, thereby be eliminated.

3, the method that is proposed in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: be positioned on each section (16) under the influence of the selected locational material particle heat energy therein of calculation machine instruction of using tricks and be connected to each other together, remaining material particle is then owing to the dissolving of the temporary cementing agent that these particles are linked together is eliminated.

4, a kind of device that is used to realize according to the method for claim 1, utilize a converting machine (1) to make three-dimensional body (3), this device can be controlled by computer instruction, wherein the material of being made up of number of plate-shaped or tabular section (16) is arranged, in described converting machine, carry out material cutting or material adhesion process according to given computer instruction, described treated section is then arranged, concentrate in together and interosculate with the order that designs, it is characterized in that: on each tabular surface of each section (16), can place or place at least one electrode (17a, 17b; 42,43), and the electrode corresponding to given computer instruction can be connected with a voltage source (9), this voltage source is enough to generate a spark-over between electrode, makes a part of material or material particle remove or be connected on this section (16) from the section (16) of correspondence.

5, a kind of device that is proposed in the claim 4 is characterized in that: this converting machine (1) comprises at least one device (57), so that two electrodes (17a, 17b to be arranged on each face of section (16) at least; 42,43) form is eliminated the material particle in the section (16), and described device and/or described section can be controlled on the X on the plane of this section and/or Y direction with computer instruction.

6, a kind of device that claim 5 proposed, it is characterized in that: described device (57) comprises at least one electrode, a spark point (36) for example, this electrode can move on the whole basically section surface of a side of section (16), and battery lead plate, volume or a paper tinsel have covered whole section surface basically in its relative side.

7, a kind of device that claim 4 proposed is characterized in that: described device (57) comprise two mesh electrode moulds (17a, 17b); Netting twine (17) in mould be arranged in another mould in netting twine at an angle, section then is configured between two electrode dies, and netting twine (17) can be electrically connected by a control module (7) and a voltage source selectively.

8, a kind of device of claim 4 proposition, it is characterized in that: described device (57) comprises at least one bar (42), it is the whole section of extend through basically, and some electrode bars (42a) are housed, these electrode bars are configured in a side of this section along in the delegation at least of this bar, and dispose at least one electrode plate (43) at the opposite side of this section, electrode roll, electrode foil or similar electrode.

9, a kind of equipment that claim 7 proposed is characterized in that: this material is made up of a piece (6), and this piece comprises some sections of separating mutually with mesh electrode (17) (16).

10, a kind of device of claim 9 proposition, it is characterized in that: the netting twine (17) of all and environment mutual insulating all is connected to the contact block (23) that is designed to a pulling off device, the end face of netting twine is on-insulated, and design is as electrode surface in material block (6), and to be intended to make the work by the spark discharge between two adjacent electrode end surfaces be to take place in the process of pulling out netting twine from this piece.

11, a kind of device that claim 4 proposed; described device comprises or is connected to a unit (58) accordingly; the section (16) that this unit is used for handling through converting machine combines to determine good sequential machine ground or artificially; it is characterized in that: topped a kind of adhesive glue on a plane of section (16), described glue-line is subjected to the protection as a kind of conductive foil of electrode die in processing.

12, a kind of according to claim 1 method and the device of claim 4 be used for by a kind of basically uniformly material make the material of three-dimensional body with a converting machine (1), this machine can be used the computing machine instruction control, this material of forming by number of plate-shaped or tabular section (16), be arranged at cutting or the material binder-treatment of accepting material in the described converting machine according to given computer instruction, and become integral body of order one-tenth bonded to each other to determine with the described sectional configurations that this mode is handled, it is characterized in that: correspondingly be divided into number of plate-shaped, the path shape, this material of perhaps tabular section (16) is divided into by honeycomb with the form of at least one piece, several sections (16) that grain pattern and/or fibre structure are formed.

13, a kind of material that is proposed in the claim 12 is characterized in that: the honeycomb of this material is made up of the framework plastic material, preferably polystyrene.

14, according to a kind of material of claim 12, it is characterized in that: this plastic material comprises the adjuvant of conduction, and this adjuvant gives this material a resistance to sparking, it greater than or be substantially equal to the resistance to sparking of surrounding medium (for example, air).

15, according to a kind of material of claim 14, it is characterized in that: packing material comprises or is made up of the carbon dust less than 20%.

16, a kind of material of claim 12 proposition, it is characterized in that: the grain pattern of material is made up of the particle of loosely combination, they permanently are bonded together in the processing of converting machine, undressed particle then can easily separate them with a kind of solvent or by a kind of course of dissolution (for example, ultrasonic) from permanently bonding particle.

17, a kind of material of claim 12 proposition, it is characterized in that: the fibre structure of material is made up of low fibrous matter.

18, a kind of material that proposes in the claim 12 is characterized in that: material comprises at least a for handling the material that forms or discharge a kind of gas.

19, a kind of material that proposes in the claim 12, it is characterized in that: material covers a kind of glue that can activate once again at least one tabular surface.

20, a kind of material that proposes in the claim 19 is characterized in that: the adjuvant that is added with conduction in the glue.