CN107980579A - For preventing the cultivation system and its application method of solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle - Google Patents
For preventing the cultivation system and its application method of solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle Download PDFInfo
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- CN107980579A CN107980579A CN201711094351.3A CN201711094351A CN107980579A CN 107980579 A CN107980579 A CN 107980579A CN 201711094351 A CN201711094351 A CN 201711094351A CN 107980579 A CN107980579 A CN 107980579A
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- cultivation
- furrow ditch
- water pump
- continuous cropping
- solanaceous vegetables
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
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- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- BIHPYCDDPGNWQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-iai Chemical compound C1=C(I)C=C2CC(N)CC2=C1 BIHPYCDDPGNWQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005644 Dazomet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QAYICIQNSGETAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dazomet Chemical compound CN1CSC(=S)N(C)C1 QAYICIQNSGETAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000082085 Verticillium <Phyllachorales> Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000000004 fungal plant pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940084434 fungoid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000007965 phenolic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cultivation system and its application method for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, belong to the technical field that solanaceous vegetables produce.It includes some cultivation beds or furrow ditch, the furrow ditch is connected with irrigation rig, the irrigation rig includes the water pump component at connection water source, water pump component connects filter assemblies, the filter assemblies connecting branch, branch pipe is equipped with some drip irrigation pipes, and drip irrigation pipe is corresponded with cultivation bed or furrow ditch, and drip irrigation pipe is set along cultivation bed or the axial of furrow ditch.The present invention can realize the irrigation and fertilising dispenser of cultivation matrix in cultivation bed furrow ditch, overcome soil swelling-shrinkage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solanaceous vegetables production, is related to a kind of for preventing solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle
Cultivation system and its application method.
Background technology
Since a variety of facilities horticultures such as the continuous plantation of single category, tomato, cucumber and capsicum are made in Protected Production of Vegetables
More than 10 kinds including benzoic acid, cinnamic acid and salicylic acid are isolated in thing tissue and root exudates has bio-toxicity
Phenolic acid, these components can influence the growth of second stubble crop when accumulating to a certain extent.Some root exudates can also
Stimulate some harmful microbes to grow and breed, cause lower stubble vegetable disease, so as to cause continuous cropping obstacle.Same crop connects
After work, it can be enriched with some specific micropopulations, particularly plant pathogenic fungi, so as to be conducive to plant root disease
Generation, ultimately result in crop yield reduces year by year.Edaphon is out of proportion, be cause soil capacity of decomposition decline it is straight
Reason is connect, causes continuous cropping vegetables can not normally feed element growth and development indirectly and is obstructed.Again, in soil harmful fungoid increasing
It is more, make the vegetables in continuous cropping later stage be subject to the possibility of disease infection to rise significantly.Verticillium wilt, melon crop such as eggplant it is withered
Clubroot of disease, the bacterial wilt of tomato, the epidemic disease of capsicum and Chinese cabbage etc..How to prevent and control in solanaceous vegetables cultivation
Soil continuous cropping obstacle be related to vegetables ecological efficient cultivation.
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, people provide various solutions, as Chinese patent literature is public
A kind of cultivation system [the application number of solanaceous vegetables is opened：201610712486.0], including nutrient solution supply system and solanberry
Class vegetable cultivation frame, solanaceous vegetables cultivating stand are bolted together by multiple elementary cells and formed, each elementary cell bag
Include stent and be horizontally set on the cystosepiment of frame upper, the culture hole of multiple up/down perforations, culture hole are provided with cystosepiment
Inside be provided with field planting basket, nutrient solution supply system include standing reservoir case, filter, magnetizer, low pressure ball valve, high-pressure pump,
High-pressure ball valve and high-pressure water mist spray head, the technical solution is departing from this traditional agricultural cultivation carrier in soil, by solanaceous vegetables
Nutriment (aqueous solution) needed for vegetable growth is sent to dish root by the form of atomization, and 1-100 μm of mist particle diameter, can improve
Absorption efficiency of the solanaceous vegetables to nutrient.However, the program is not appropriate for planting on a large scale using nutrient solution supply nutriment
Plant and promote, field production is still mainstream instantly.
The content of the invention
A kind of regarding the issue above, the present invention provides cultivation for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle
Training system.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of cultivation system for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle
Application method.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, present invention employs following technical proposal：
A kind of cultivation system for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, including some cultivation beds and furrow ditch, institute
The cultivation bed or furrow ditch stated are connected with irrigation rig, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that cultivation bed can arbitrarily be cut with furrow ditch
Change, if to furrow ditch filling substrate cultivation bed, and by cultivation bed mesostroma remove furrow ditch.
The irrigation rig includes the water pump component at connection water source, water pump component connection filter assemblies, the mistake
Filter module connecting branch, some drip irrigation pipes is set on branch pipe, drip irrigation pipe is corresponded with cultivation bed or furrow ditch, and drip irrigation pipe edge
The axial setting of cultivation bed or furrow ditch.When cultivation slot length is more than 30 meters, drip irrigation pipe needs subsection setup.
Above-mentioned in preventing the cultivation system of solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, the drip irrigation pipe to be positioned at cultivation
Train at the top of groove or furrow ditch, the water pump component includes water pump, water pump connection cistern, the filter assemblies bag
Include laminated filter, water pump connection laminated filter, laminated filter connection main pipe.
Above-mentioned in preventing the cultivation system of solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, the water pump component also to be wrapped
The air bleeding valve of connection water pump is included, air bleeding valve connection laminated filter, is equipped with inverse between air bleeding valve and laminated filter
Only valve and first pressure gauge, the filter assemblies further include the granular membrane of connection laminated filter, the lamination
Second pressure gauge, granular membrane connecting branch are equipped between filter and granular membrane.
It is used to preventing the cultivation system of solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle above-mentioned, the water pump component and mistake
A fertilising device assembly is additionally provided between filter module, the fertilising device assembly can use automatic ratio pump or venturi tube fertilising
Device, the fertilising device assembly include the first control valve being arranged between water pump component and filter assemblies, the first control valve
Two side branch be connected to the second control valve and third control valve, between the second control valve and third control valve on branch pipe
Equipped with fertilizer applicator.
It is used to preventing the cultivation system of solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle above-mentioned, the cultivation bed or furrow ditch
Bottom is covered with 100 mesh polyethylene sieves or 80-90 grams/square of gardening unregistered land cloth with both sides.
It is used to preventing the cultivation system of solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle above-mentioned, the cultivation bed or furrow ditch
Cross section be in inverted trapezoidal, upper mouth width is 35-40cm, and lower mouth width is 25-30cm, depth 20-25cm.
Above-mentioned in preventing the cultivation system of solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, being covered in the drip irrigation pipe
There is plastic film, drip irrigation pipe is diameter 1.6cm, wall thickness 0.4mm, the embedded drip irrigation pipe of pitch-row 30-40cm.
It is a kind of be used for prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle cultivation system application method, the cultivation bed or
Cultivation matrix is filled with furrow ditch, the cultivation matrix is made of decomposed pecan shell, sheep manure and limestone powder.
In the above-mentioned application method for the cultivation system for preventing solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, the mountain
Walnut Pu shell and sheep manure crushed after being dried are stacked to microgranular or powdery respectively with limestone powder, then pecan by volume
Shell：Sheep manure：Limestone powder=6:3:1 mixing, stirs evenly, then apply 50% carbendazim wettable powder by every cubic metre of cultivation matrix
40 grams of agent, concentrates after mixing and is deposited in mattess or fermentation vat, with covered rearing with plastic film 2-3 days, throwing off plastic film made
Flavour of a drug fully volatilize.
In the above-mentioned application method for the cultivation system for preventing solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, drawn in preceding stubble
After seedling, physical disinfection or pharmacy fumigation or trickle irrigation dispenser need to be carried out to cultivation matrix, wherein：
Physical disinfection：By every square metre of 30-40 grams of pulverized limestone of application, stirring in cultivation bed or the original cultivation matrix of furrow ditch
Uniformly.
Pharmacy fumigation：By every square metre of 98% dazomet granule 30- of application in cultivation bed or the original cultivation matrix of furrow ditch
40 grams, after turning over rake uniformly, trickle irrigation, which is irrigated to cultivation matrix water-holding capacity, reaches 60% or so, and plastic covering sealed by film fumigates 10-
15 days, then throw off film and leak informaton 5-7 days, turn over rake matrix 1-2 times, medicine gas is dispersed.
Trickle irrigation dispenser：42% 60-80 times of liquid of metham-sodium aqua is applied into cultivation bed or furrow ditch with drip irrigation pipe, to cultivation base
Matter water-holding capacity reaches 60% or so, and plastic covering film is simultaneously tight-closed, prevents medicine gas from volatilizing, takes off film after closed 10-15 days and put
Wind, turns over rake matrix, medicine gas is dispersed.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
It can realize the irrigation and fertilising injection of organic substrate in cultivation bed (cultivation matrix in furrow ditch), overcome soil continuous cropping
Obstacle.
Cultivation matrix is added in cultivation bed or furrow ditch, which can overcome by sterilizing or replacing and control eggplant
Soil continuous cropping obstacle in fruit type vegetable cultivation, is cultivated so as to fulfill the ecological efficient of vegetables.
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the present invention.
In figure, furrow ditch 1, irrigation rig 2, water pump component 3, filter assemblies 4, branch pipe 5, drip irrigation pipe 6, water pump 7, cistern
8th, laminated filter 9, air bleeding valve 10, non-return valve 11, first pressure gauge 12, granular membrane 13, second pressure gauge 14, fertilizer applicator
Component 15, the first control valve 16, the second control valve 17, third control valve 18, fertilizer applicator 19.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of cultivation system for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, including some furrow ditch 1,
Some furrow ditch 1 are preferably arranged in parallel, it is of course also possible to not parallel, the furrow ditch 1 is connected with irrigation rig 2, described
Irrigation rig 2 include connection water source water pump component 3, water pump component 3 connect filter assemblies 4, the filter assemblies 4
Connecting branch 5, branch pipe are equipped with some drip irrigation pipes 6, and drip irrigation pipe 6 is corresponded with furrow ditch 1, and axial direction of the drip irrigation pipe 6 along furrow ditch 1
Set.When 1 length of furrow ditch is more than 30 meters, drip irrigation pipe needs subsection setup.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that water pump component 3 can use agricultural or industrial delivery pump, such as turbine
Pump, gear pump or plunger pump etc., filter assemblies 4 can use filter screen or filter bag.
In the present embodiment, drip irrigation pipe 6 is located at the top of furrow ditch 1, and the water pump component 3 includes water pump 7, the water pump
7 connection cisterns 8, the filter assemblies 4 include laminated filter 9, and water pump 7 connects laminated filter 9, laminated filter
9 connecting branches 5.
Water pump component 3 further includes the air bleeding valve 10 of connection water pump 7, and the air bleeding valve 10 connection laminated filter 9, is being arranged
Non-return valve 11 and first pressure gauge 12 are equipped between air valve 10 and laminated filter 9, the filter assemblies 4 further include connection
The granular membrane 13 of laminated filter 9, second pressure gauge is equipped between the laminated filter 9 and granular membrane 13
14,13 connecting branch 5 of granular membrane.
A fertilising device assembly 15 is additionally provided between water pump component 3 and filter assemblies 4, the fertilising device assembly 15 is wrapped
The first control valve 16 being arranged between water pump component 3 and filter assemblies 4 is included, the both sides of the first control valve 16 are connected to
Second control valve 17 and third control valve 18, are equipped with fertilizer applicator 19 between the second control valve 17 and third control valve 18.Fertilising
Device 19 is formed in parallel by the second control valve 17 and third control valve 18 with the first control valve 16.Fertilizer applicator 19 can use automatic ratio
Example pump or Development of Venturi Fertilizer Applicator, while a container for being used for storing solution or liquid is equipped with, when current are by fertilizer applicator 19,
The solution of storage in a reservoir or liquid can be brought into branch pipe 5 and be instilled by drip irrigation pipe 6 in furrow ditch 1.
In the present embodiment, the first control valve 16, the second control valve 17 and third control valve 18 can be ball valve, shut-off valve or
One or more in membrane valve.
Preferred solution, 1 bottom of furrow ditch are covered with the gardening unregistered land of 100 mesh polyethylene sieves or 80-90 grams/square with both sides
Cloth, makes plant completely isolated with soil.
The cross section of furrow ditch 1 is in inverted trapezoidal, and upper mouth width is 35-40cm, and lower mouth width is 25-30cm, depth 20-25cm.
Covered with plastic film in drip irrigation pipe 6, drip irrigation pipe 6 is diameter 1.6cm, wall thickness 0.4mm, pitch-row 30-40cm it is interior
Embedded drip irrigation pipe.Embedded trickle irrigation length of tube is specifically set according to cultivation bed.When cultivation slot length is more than 30 meters, drip irrigation pipe needs
Subsection setup.
Fertilizer can be put into fertilizer applicator 19, realizes that liquid manure with filling, can also add disinfectant, realize disappearing for cultivation matrix
Poison.
The present embodiment, using two filters, realization is filtered twice, ensures that fertigation is smooth, and ensure cultivation matrix
Do not polluted by the impurity in water source.
The operation principle of the present embodiment is：
Cistern 8 connects water pump 7, and water pump 7 connects air bleeding valve 10, and air bleeding valve 10 connects non-return valve 11 and first pressure gauge
The first control valve 16 is connected behind 12, or the connection first pressure gauge 12 of air bleeding valve 10 and non-return valve 11, the connection of the first control valve 16 is folded
Piece filter 9, laminated filter 9 are sequentially connected second pressure gauge 14 and granular membrane 13,13 connecting branch of granular membrane
5, branch pipe 5 connects drip irrigation pipe 6, and drip irrigation pipe 6 is located at the top of furrow ditch 1.
Water pump and air bleeding valve are used to the water in cistern 8 being pumped into, and branch pipe are entered after filtering twice, afterwards by dripping
Pipe output is filled, alternate path is formed with the first control valve in the second control valve and third control valve, is added in fertilizer applicator 19
Fertilizer or medicament through preparing, will such as apply fertilizer or dispenser, close the first control valve, open the second control valve and third control valve is
Can.And when pouring, the second control valve and third control valve are closed, opens the first control valve.Those skilled in the art should
Work as understanding, fertilizer applicator 19 should be equipped with storage solution or medical liquid container at the same time as the equipment to system injection solution.
Cultivation matrix is added in furrow ditch 1, which can overcome by sterilizing or replacing and control solanaceous vegetables vegetable
Soil continuous cropping obstacle in dish cultivation, is cultivated so as to fulfill the ecological efficient of vegetables.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is the system provided using embodiment 1, which is used, and cultivation base is filled with furrow ditch 1
Matter, the cultivation matrix are made of decomposed pecan shell, sheep manure and limestone powder.
Preferred solution, pecan shell, sheep manure and limestone powder crushed after being dried to particulate or fine powder, the particle diameter of the fine powder
Between 20-100 mesh, it is preferable that the particle diameter of pecan shell, sheep manure and limestone powder is respectively 20 mesh, 50 mesh and 100 mesh,
Three kinds of fine powders are stacked respectively, then pecan shell by volume：Sheep manure：Limestone powder=6:3:1 mixing, stirs evenly, then press
Every cubic metre of cultivation matrix applies 40 grams of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, is concentrated after mixing and is deposited in mattess or fermentation
Pond, with covered rearing with plastic film 2-3 days, throwing off plastic film made flavour of a drug fully volatilize.
The present embodiment can also sterilize the disinfection in real time of the cultivation matrix in furrow ditch 1 or original position, that is, after preceding stubble is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested,
Physical disinfection or pharmacy fumigation or trickle irrigation dispenser need to be carried out to cultivation matrix, wherein：
Physical disinfection：By every square metre of 30-40 grams of pulverized limestone of application in the original cultivation matrix of furrow ditch, stir evenly.
Pharmacy fumigation：By every square metre of 98% 30-40 grams of dazomet granule of application in the original cultivation matrix of furrow ditch, rake is turned over
After uniformly, trickle irrigation, which is irrigated to cultivation matrix water-holding capacity, reaches 60% or so, and plastic covering sealed by film is fumigated 10-15 days, then is taken off
Go film to leak informaton 5-7 days, turn over rake matrix 1-2 times, it is ensured that medicine gas disperses.
Trickle irrigation dispenser：42% 60-80 times of liquid of metham-sodium aqua is applied into furrow ditch with drip irrigation pipe, to cultivation matrix water-holding capacity
Reach 60% or so, plastic covering film is simultaneously tight-closed, prevents medicine gas from volatilizing, takes off film after closed 10-15 days and leak informaton, turn over rake base
Matter to medicine gas disperses.
The present embodiment presses above-mentioned method respectively, has cultivated tomato and eggplant, and carry out with each item data of conventional cultivation
Compare, it is specific as follows：
The different cultivated tomato effects of table 1
The different cultivation eggplant effects of table 2
It can be drawn from above, after the system and method processing by the application, the bacterial wilt incidence of tomato and eggplant, navel
Maize ear rot incidence is decreased obviously, and the ratio of commodity fruit substantially rises, and yield significantly improves.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can do various modifications or additions to described specific embodiment or replace in a similar way
Generation, but without departing from spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Although furrow ditch 1, irrigation rig 2, water pump component 3, filter assemblies 4, branch pipe 5, trickle irrigation is used more herein
Pipe 6, water pump 7, cistern 8, laminated filter 9, air bleeding valve 10, non-return valve 11, first pressure gauge 12, granular membrane 13,
The arts such as two pressure gauges 14, fertilising device assembly 15, the first control valve 16, the second control valve 17, third control valve 18, fertilizer applicator 19
Language, but it does not preclude the possibility of using other terms.The use of these items is only for more easily describe and explain this
The essence of invention, is construed as any one of the additional limitations and is all disagreed with spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cultivation system for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, including some furrow ditch (1), its feature exist
In, the furrow ditch (1) is connected with irrigation rig (2),
The irrigation rig (2) includes the water pump component (3) at connection water source, and water pump component (3) connects filter assemblies (4),
Described filter assemblies (4) connecting branch (5), sets some drip irrigation pipes (6) on branch pipe, drip irrigation pipe (6) with furrow ditch (1) one by one
It is corresponding, and drip irrigation pipe (6) is set along the axial direction of furrow ditch (1).
2. the cultivation system according to claim 1 for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that
The drip irrigation pipe (6) is located at the top of furrow ditch (1), and the water pump component (3) includes water pump (7), the water pump (7) connection
Cistern (8), the filter assemblies (4) include laminated filter (9), water pump (7) connection laminated filter (9), lamination
Filter (9) connecting branch (5).
3. the cultivation system according to claim 2 for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that
The water pump component (3) further includes the air bleeding valve (10) of connection water pump (7), the air bleeding valve (10) connection laminated filter
(9), non-return valve (11) and first pressure gauge (12), the filtering are equipped between air bleeding valve (10) and laminated filter (9)
Device assembly (4) further includes the granular membrane (13) of connection laminated filter (9), the laminated filter (9) and sieve mistake
Second pressure gauge (14), granular membrane (13) connecting branch (5) are equipped between filter (13).
4. the cultivation system according to claim 1 for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that
A fertilising device assembly (15), the fertilising device assembly are additionally provided between the water pump component (3) and filter assemblies (4)
(15) the first control valve (16) being arranged between water pump component (3) and filter assemblies (4) is included, the first control valve (16)
Both sides are connected to the second control valve (17) and third control valve (18), in the second control valve (17) and third control valve (18)
Between be equipped with fertilizer applicator (19).
5. the cultivation system according to claim 1 for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that
Furrow ditch (1) bottom is covered with 100 mesh polyethylene sieves or 80-90 grams/square of gardening unregistered land cloth with both sides.
6. the cultivation system according to claim 1 for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that
The cross section of the furrow ditch (1) is in inverted trapezoidal, and upper mouth width is 35-40cm, and lower mouth width is 25-30cm, depth 20-25cm.
7. the cultivation system according to claim 1 for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that
Covered with plastic film in the drip irrigation pipe (6), drip irrigation pipe (6) is diameter 1.6cm, wall thickness 0.4mm, pitch-row 30-40cm
Embedded drip irrigation pipe.
8. the cultivation system for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle according to the claim 1-7 any one
Application method, it is characterised in that be filled with cultivation matrix in the furrow ditch (1), the cultivation matrix is by decomposed hickory nut
Pu shell, sheep manure and limestone powder composition.
9. the application method of the cultivation system according to claim 8 for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle,
It is characterized in that, the pecan shell and sheep manure crushed after being dried to microgranular or powdery, are stacked respectively with limestone powder,
Pecan shell by volume again：Sheep manure：Limestone powder=6:3:1 mixing, stirs evenly, then applied by every cubic metre of cultivation matrix
50% 40 grams of carbendazol wettable powder, concentrates after mixing and is deposited in mattess or fermentation vat, with covered rearing with plastic film 2-3
My god, throwing off plastic film makes flavour of a drug fully volatilize.
10. the application method of the cultivation system according to claim 9 for being used to prevent solanaceous vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle,
It is characterized in that, after preceding stubble is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested, physical disinfection or pharmacy fumigation or trickle irrigation dispenser need to be carried out to cultivation matrix, wherein：
Physical disinfection：By every square metre of 30-40 grams of pulverized limestone of application in the original cultivation matrix of furrow ditch, stir evenly.
Pharmacy fumigation：By every square metre of 98% 30-40 grams of dazomet granule of application in the original cultivation matrix of furrow ditch, it is uniform to turn over rake
Afterwards, trickle irrigation, which is irrigated to cultivation matrix water-holding capacity, reaches 60% or so, and plastic covering sealed by film is fumigated 10-15 days, then is thrown off thin
Film leaks informaton 5-7 days, turns over rake matrix 1-2 times, medicine gas is dispersed,
Trickle irrigation dispenser：42% 60-80 times of liquid of metham-sodium aqua is applied into furrow ditch with drip irrigation pipe, is reached to cultivation matrix water-holding capacity
60% or so, plastic covering film is simultaneously tight-closed, prevents medicine gas from volatilizing, takes off film after closed 10-15 days and leak informaton, turn over rake matrix,
Medicine gas is set to disperse.
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| CN111345306A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-30 | 山东农业大学 | Method for preventing and controlling continuous cropping obstacle of apples or peaches through fumigation |
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| CN112806385A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-05-18 | 山东农业大学 | Method for preventing and controlling continuous cropping obstacles of apples, pears and peaches by using ammonium persulfate complexing agent |
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