CN107804916A - Ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body - Google Patents
Ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN107804916A CN107804916A CN201711148283.4A CN201711148283A CN107804916A CN 107804916 A CN107804916 A CN 107804916A CN 201711148283 A CN201711148283 A CN 201711148283A CN 107804916 A CN107804916 A CN 107804916A
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- water body
- submerged plant
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- zooplankter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/42—Liquid level
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiments of the invention provide ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body, methods described includes：In the case where the pH value of water body is 69, submerged plant is cultivated in water body, planting density is 80,000 14 ten thousand plants/acre；Zooplankter nutrient solution is launched into water body, injected volume is 53L 100L/ mus, wherein, the density of zooplankter is 500 2000/L in the zooplankter nutrient solution；Zoobenthos, predacious fish and herbivorous fishes are launched into water body, wherein, the throw-in density of the zoobenthos is 1,300 5500/mu；10 50 tails of predacious fish/mu；5 40 tails of herbivorous fishes/mu.Using a kind of ecosystem construction method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the continuation of water remediation can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of environmental management, more particularly to ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body.
Background technology
The main contamination index of water body is total nitrogen and total phosphorus.Due to containing substantial amounts of nitrogen and P elements in water body, can cause
Substantial amounts of algae is produced in water body, produces " wawter bloom " phenomenon.Therefore, it is very necessary reparation to be carried out to contaminated water body.
At present, generally use chemical method removes the nitrogen and P elements in water body.Removed using chemical method in water body
The principle of nitrogen is：In water body, ammonia molecule, there is certain chemical balance, raw stone is added into sewage with ammonium ion
Ash, when the pH value regulation of sewage is arrived 10.5-11.5, nitrogen is escaped in the form of ammonia.Removed using chemical method in water body
The principles of P elements be：P elements generally exist with phos-phate forms, and aluminium salt, molysite or lime can be added into water body
Flocculation sediment is produced with phosphate radical.
But using chemical method denitrogenate with phosphorus it is normal when, it is necessary to constantly add medicament into water body, medicament once interrupt,
Nitrogen P elements in water body can not be just eliminated, therefore bad using the continuation of prior art progress water remediation.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is in the ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body is provided, to realize that improving water body repaiies
The purpose of multiple continuation.Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
The embodiments of the invention provide ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body, methods described includes：
In the case where the pH value of water body is 6-9, submerged plant is cultivated in water body, planting density is 80,000-14 ten thousand plants/
Mu；
Zooplankter nutrient solution is launched into water body, injected volume is 53L-100L/ mus, wherein, the zooplankter culture
The density of zooplankter is 500-2000/L in liquid；
Zoobenthos, predacious fish and herbivorous fishes are launched into water body, wherein, the dispensing of the zoobenthos is close
Spend for 1300-5500/mu；Predacious fish 10-50 tails/mu；Herbivorous fishes 5-40 tails/mu.
Optionally, in a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, submerged plant is cultivated in water body described
Before, methods described also includes：
Set in the inhalant region of water body along the unrestrained filter bag that disappears that the length of water (flow) direction is 200-800 rice, the unrestrained mistake that disappears
The strainer both sides parallel with inhalant region riverbank are provided with intercept net；Wherein, distance of the intercept net away from inhalant region riverbank is 0.5-
1m；The unrestrained filter bag that disappears is made up of spacing 0.5-1m some row's fiber pasture and water, and adjacent two in each row's fiber pasture and water
Fiber pasture and water spacing 0.1-0.2m.
Optionally, in a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, submerged plant is cultivated in water body described
Before, methods described also includes：
The water level of water body is reduced into 1-2 rice；
The soil exposed after being reduced to water level carries out topography reform, so that the soil that the water level exposes after reducing leans on
Bank side gradually reduces to the physical features by water side.
Optionally, in a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, the physical features gradually reduces, including：
The physical features is stepped gradually to be reduced.
Optionally, in a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, submerged plant is cultivated in water body described
Before, methods described also includes：
The water level of water body is reduced into 1-2 rice；
The soil exposed after being reduced to water level carries out soil fertility adjustment, and total carbon content is 0.6- in the soil after adjustment
0.8%, total nitrogen content 0.07-0.09%, total phosphorus content 0.2-0.35%, content of organic matter 1-10%.
Optionally, in a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, submerged plant is cultivated in water body described
Before, methods described also includes：
The water level of water body is reduced into 1-2 rice；
The soil and remaining water body exposed after being reduced to water level carries out disinfection；
By the soil exposed continuous exposure 5-10 days after sterilization.
Optionally, it is described that submerged plant bag is cultivated in water body in a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention
Include：
The pH value for the soil that regulation water level exposes after reducing is 6-9；
Recover the water level in water body；
The length of submerged plant is trimmed to no more than the depth of water for cultivating the submerged plant region；
In the soil that submerged plant cultivation after trimming is exposed after water level reduction.
Optionally, it is described that zooplankter, bag are launched into water body in a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention
Include：
After submerged plant is cultivated 7-14 days, the pH of the water body is adjusted between 6-8；
When water temperature is spent between 15-35, zooplankter is launched into water body.
Optionally, it is described that zoobenthos, meat are launched into water body in a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention
Feeding fish and herbivorous fishes, including：
After zooplankter 7-14 days is launched into water body, zoobenthos, predacious fish and herbvore are launched into water body
Property fish.
Optionally, in a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, the zoobenthos includes：The long 5-10cm of body
Bivalves；The long 1-2cm of body spiral shell；The long 2-4cm of body freshwater shrimp；
The predacious fish includes：Mandarin fish, snakehead, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and erythroculter ilishaeformis；
The herbivorous fishes include：Silver carp and bighead, and the body length of the herbivorous fishes is more than the carnivorous fish
The 50% of class body length.
Experiment shows, using a kind of ecosystem construction method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in contaminated water body
An ecosystem is constructed, the nitrogen P elements in water body are absorbed using the submerged plant in the ecosystem and algae, the water that sinks is planted
Thing and algae can be searched for food by aquatic animal again, relative to needing lasting to add medicament, this hair into water body in the prior art
Bright embodiment can improve the continuation of water remediation.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of intercept net in a kind of unrestrained filter bag that disappears provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the distribution schematic diagram of fiber pasture and water in a kind of unrestrained filter bag that disappears provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiments of the invention provide ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body, methods described includes：
In the case where the pH value of water body is 6-9, submerged plant is cultivated in water body, planting density is 80,000-14 ten thousand plants/
Mu；
Zooplankter nutrient solution is launched into water body, injected volume is 53L-100L/ mus, wherein, the zooplankter culture
The density of zooplankter is 500-2000/L in liquid；
Zoobenthos, predacious fish and herbivorous fishes are launched into water body, wherein, the dispensing of the zoobenthos is close
Spend for 1300-5500/mu；Predacious fish 10-50 tails/mu；Herbivorous fishes 5-40 tails/mu.
In a kind of embodiment of the present invention, submerged plant can be selected from eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, watermifoil, big
At least one of najas marina, bog pondweed, thorn algae, hornwort or stonewort；
In kind of planting submerged plant, it is necessary to detect the pH value of water body whether in the numerical intervals in 6-9.If not above-mentioned
, it is necessary to which the pH value of water body is adjusted to 6-9 in section.It is relatively advanced for root system in order to improve plantation efficiency
Submerged plant such as eel grass, planted again after its 2/3 stem can be cut off.In order to save material, divide after can hydrilla verticillata be fractureed
Section plantation.Selection for submerged plant planting opportunity, under conditions of ensureing that submerged plant can survive, transpiration should be selected
Measure small or be advantageous to the time that root system recovers in time and carry out.For example, the temperature of summer relatively low rainy days can be selected；Or
After the 5 PM of Clear Days Summer., must be compact between each process in kind of planting submerged plant, shorten submerged plant as far as possible
Depart from water time, to accomplish with pick, with fortune, with plant, with watering.For example, it is necessary to vertical after submerged plant transports milpa
It is put into water.It is understood that the submerged plant of different cultivars is to planting the demand difference on opportunity, in practical application
In, the submerged plant that can be directed to different cultivars is adjusted to plantation opportunity.
In actual applications, the planting process of submerged plant can be：First according to design requirement with fixed buildings or
Point carries out fixed point unwrapping wire on the basis of structures etc., for example, the standard point of planting area can be used as by the use of bamboo pole or timber.Fixed point is put
Line should meet design drawing requirement, and position is accurate, and mark is obvious.It should be tested a little by design or the relevant personnel after fixed point unwrapping wire,
Planted after qualified by the planting density of design drawing.The method of the use of submerged plant cultivation is carried out at the shallower place of the depth of water similar to agriculture
Field rice transplanting；Higher depth uses fork planting method, i.e., the bamboo pole of headband fork or rod is done into instrument, workmen is by ship with fork fork
The firmly stem of plant, pitches in water., can be using anchoring wire as reference, to ensure that planting density is equal when carrying out submerged plant planting
It is even.It should be noted that the method for kind planting submerged plant is prior art, need not be defined here.
In actual applications, emergent aquactic plant can also be planted in water body, such as reed, the stem or leaf of cattail, water chestnut, lotus, Chinese celery, wild rice stem
Xun, lotus, cattail etc..
The selection of water plant is based on submerged plant, can be by submerged plant from water in order to be searched for food beneficial to aquatic animal
Body bank is laid to water body middle part in progressive annular, for example, the poor watermifoil of palatability, wheel blade are cultivated in the side that water body pulls in shore
The submerged plants such as the preferably big najas marina of palatability, bog pondweed are cultivated in the submerged plants such as black algae, side of the water body in the middle part of water body.
Then, the nutrient solution of zooplankter then into water body is launched, injected volume is 53L-100L/ mus, and zooplankter is trained
The density of zooplankter is 500-2000/L in nutrient solution.In addition, term " zooplankter " refers to cladocera zooplankter, such as
Daphnia magna class.Zooplankter can search for food algae and suspended organic matter in water body, and then improve the transparency of water body, to sink water
Plant provides preferable illumination condition, ensures the survival rate of submerged plant.
Finally, zoobenthos, predacious fish and herbivorous fishes are launched into water body；The throw-in density of zoobenthos is
1300-5500/mu；Predacious fish 10-50 tails/mu；Herbivorous fishes 5-40 tails/mu.
The zoobenthos of dispensing can search for food planktonic algae and water-bed residue in water body, be also used as the bait of juvenile fish
Material.In actual applications, the one or more in the zoobenthos such as hydriopsis cumingii, spiral shell, bivalves and freshwater shrimp can be launched.Freshwater mussel
The filter food effect of class can accelerate Nutrient Cycle, promote suspension flocculating setting, it is effective reduce the suspended materials such as planktonic algae,
Improve water transparency.The food of herding of snail acts on the epizoite coating that can effectively remove plant surface, plants heavy water
Thing can be absorbed to more illumination and its avoid epiphytic algae from competing the nutritive salt of submerged plant.Freshwater shrimp can be with water body
Organic debris, aquatic excrement, aquatic animal corpse, zooplankter is eat, and then purifying water body.The product of the herbivorous fishes of dispensing
Kind has silver carp, bighead etc., and it can reduce the plankton increase water transparency in water mainly using plankton as food.
The kind of the predacious fish of dispensing has mandarin fish, snakehead, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, erythroculter ilishaeformis, and it can control the number of wild fishes in water body
Amount, avoids excessive wild fishes from being stirred in water, causes water body muddy.For example, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can effectively control water snout moth's larva ovum and children
Worm, spearhead Magna, Chinese Magna, mosquitos and flies larva etc., it can effectively destroy water body periphery mosquitos and flies reproductive process.
In addition, after the completion of the ecosystem in water body is built, can also pass through after the ecosystem runs 3-5 months
Natural aeration enriches microorganism species, gives full play to its self-purification capacity.
In a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to avoid water inlet is rushed to the ecosystem in water body
Hit, it is described in water body cultivate submerged plant before, methods described also includes：
Set in the inhalant region of water body along the unrestrained filter bag that disappears that the length of water (flow) direction is 200-800 rice, the unrestrained mistake that disappears
The strainer both sides parallel with inhalant region riverbank are provided with intercept net；Wherein, distance of the intercept net away from inhalant region riverbank is 0.5-
1m；The unrestrained filter bag that disappears is made up of spacing 0.5-1m some row's fiber pasture and water, and adjacent two in each row's fiber pasture and water
Fiber pasture and water spacing 0.1-0.2m.Herein, term " fiber pasture and water " refer to it is manually setting, made of high polymer material
Bionic aquatic weed, also referred to as " artificial aquatic weed ".
In actual applications, term " inhalant region " refers to " water inlet river course ", and it is used to input water source to contaminated water body.
In order to protect the unrestrained filter bag that disappears, debris is not destroyed in by water, can be set in the unrestrained filter bag both sides parallel with inhalant region riverbank that disappear
Put intercept net.Fig. 1 is the structural representation of intercept net in a kind of unrestrained filter bag that disappears provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 1,
In order to fix intercept net 11, the bamboo stake 12 that 1.5m sets length to be 4m can be spaced, recycles rope thick 0.5-1cm to intercept
Net 11 is fixed in bamboo stake 12.In order that intercept net 11 can vertical expansion, it is 0.2m that the bottom of intercept net 11, which is provided with height,
Gabion 13, top is provided with ball float 14.One end of bamboo stake 12 is inserted in the soil of river bed 15, and the other end stretches out the water surface；Ball float
14, which can be spaced 1.5m, is arranged between two adjacent two bamboo stakes 12, is preferably provided at the point midway of two bamboo stakes 12.It is logical
In the case of often, intercept net 11 is mesh diameter 2-3cm nylon wire.Fig. 2 be one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention disappear wave filtering
The distribution schematic diagram of fiber pasture and water in band, and the left figure in Fig. 2 is the top view of fiber pasture and water distribution, the right figure in Fig. 2 is fibre
Tie up distribution schematic diagram of the pasture and water on the section flowed to perpendicular to inhalant region river.As shown in Fig. 2 intercept net 11 is away from water inlet river course
The distance of the bottom of slope of bank slope 17 be 0.5m；Some row's self-floating carbon fibre pasture and water 16 can be set among intercept net 11, set
Principle is spaced 0.5m often to arrange carbon fibre pasture and water 16, and the carbon fibre pasture and water 16 of same row are spaced 0.15m.
Under normal circumstances, river flow velocity reaches more than 1m/s in water inlet river course, and wave eliminating band length is it is not recommended that be less than 300m.
The unrestrained filter bag that disappears, which can effectively alleviate river course water inlet, to be impacted and destroys to caused by the ecosystem, especially in life
State system constructing initial stage, substantial amounts of algae and protozoan can be adhered on fiber pasture and water, one layer of biomembrane is formed, not only to water body
Suspended material produce crown_interception, that adheres on fiber pasture and water includes the thread algae such as bristle algae, and purification is also played to water quality
Effect.The use of fiber pasture and water, a certain degree of filtering and absorption can be carried out to the suspended material in water body, and be advantageous to give birth to
Thing biofilm, necessary existence place is provided for microorganism.In addition, fiber pasture and water can also play a part of cutting down stormy waves.
In a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, for the growth beneficial to submerged plant, described in water
Before cultivating submerged plant in body, methods described also includes：The water level of water body is reduced into 1-2 rice；Exposed after being reduced to water level
Soil carry out topography reform so that the soil that exposes pulls in shore side to leaning on the physical features of water side gradual after the water level reduces
Reduce.
In actual applications, the gradient of the soil exposed after water level can be reduced transform the gradient of natural discharging slope as.
Term " natural discharging slope " is handled after referring to transformation without any supporting, only keeps Stability of Earth Slopes by the self stability of the soil body
A kind of gradient structural form.
Topography reform is additionally favorable for building the living environment of appropriate biological existence, reaches the effect of ecosystem lasting stability operation
Fruit.
In a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, in order that submerged plant can receive sufficient light
According to, in favor of the growth of submerged plant, the physical features gradually reduces, including：The physical features is stepped gradually to be reduced.
In actual applications, such as can be using the region that the depth of water is 0.1-0.3m as submerged plant planting water front；Will
The depth of water is between 0.3-0.6m region as submerged plant planting phytal zone；Using the depth of water between 0.6-2m region as heavy water
Planting profundal zone.Above-mentioned submerged plant planting water front, submerged plant planting phytal zone and submerged plant planting profundal zone
Interior gentle gradient, the zone of transition in adjacent twoth area can use the form of natural discharging slope.It should be noted that above-mentioned heavy water is planted
Species plant water front, submerged plant planting phytal zone and the width of submerged plant planting profundal zone can be according to the actual feelings of water body
Condition is adjusted, and the embodiment of the present invention does not define to it herein.
In a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the survival rate of submerged plant, it is described
Before cultivating submerged plant in water body, methods described also includes：The water level of water body is reduced into 1-2 rice；It is exposed after being reduced to water level
The soil gone out carries out soil fertility adjustment, and total carbon content is 0.6-0.8%, total nitrogen content 0.07- in the soil after adjustment
0.09%, total phosphorus content 0.2-0.35%, content of organic matter 1-10%.
In actual applications, in order to reduce influence of the building waste stone to submerged plant growth, water level can also be dropped
Building waste stone volume content in the soil exposed after low is reduced to less than 2%.It is understood that when the fertilizer of soil
When power does not reach above-mentioned requirements, nutrition base fertilizer can be used to improve the fertility of soil.
In a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to kill the algae spores of some soil surfaces and
Some harmful pathogens, it is described cultivate submerged plant in water body before, methods described also includes：The water level of water body is reduced
1-2 rice；The soil and remaining water body exposed after being reduced to water level carries out disinfection；The soil exposed after sterilization is continuous
Exposure 5-10 days.
In actual applications, after the water level of water body is reduced, quick lime can be used to reduce remaining water body and water level
The soil exposed afterwards carries out disinfection.For example, can mix quick lime with water, then uniformly splash, forbid having has gently, really again
The soil for protecting whole construction area is all thoroughly sterilized.If not up to default Disinfection Effect is, it is necessary to increase dosage.For
Further raising Disinfection Effect, fine day can be selected to splash limewash, after the completion of disappearing and splashing, to be exposed to the sun one week, avoid rain
My god.
It is described in water in order to improve the survival rate of submerged plant in a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention
Submerged plant is cultivated in body to be included：The pH value for the soil that regulation water level exposes after reducing is 6-9；Recover the water level in water body；
The length of submerged plant is trimmed to no more than the depth of water for cultivating the submerged plant region；By the submerged plant cultivation after trimming
In the soil exposed after water level reduction.
After the water level of water body is reduced, the pH value of the soil exposed after quick lime regulation water level can be used to reduce.
Quick lime can reduce the content of the harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen in soil, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide；Neutralize various having in bed mud
Machine acid.
In a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, in order that zooplankter can quickly breed, it is described to
Zooplankter is launched in water body, including：After submerged plant is cultivated 7-14 days, the pH of the water body is adjusted between 6-8；
Water temperature between 15-35 spend when, zooplankter is launched into water body.
In a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, caught in order to avoid the zooplankter of dispensing by aquatic animal
Food, dispensing zoobenthos, predacious fish and the herbivorous fishes into water body, including：Into water body launch swim it is dynamic
After thing 7-14 days, zoobenthos, predacious fish and herbivorous fishes are launched into water body.
In a kind of embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the stability of the ecosystem, the bottom is dwelt
Animal includes：The long 5-10cm of body bivalves；The long 1-2cm of body spiral shell；The long 2-4cm of body freshwater shrimp；The predacious fish includes：
Mandarin fish, snakehead, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and erythroculter ilishaeformis；The herbivorous fishes include：Silver carp and bighead, and the body of the herbivorous fishes
It is long to be more than the 50% of predacious fish body length.
In actual applications, in water body after ecosystem stable operation, because the nitrogen P elements in water body are most of all
Absorbed by submerged plant, submerged plant can also be searched for food by aquatic animal, and therefore, the nitrogen P elements in water body have been transferred in water body
Submerged plant and aquatic animal body in, in order to reduce the total amount of nitrogen P elements in further water body, can be suitably to water body
Interior submerged plant is gathered in and the aquatic animal in water body is caught.
Scheme provided by the invention is described in detail with reference to specific embodiment.Embodiment 1-3 is using this hair
The scheme of bright offer carries out the process of ecosystem structure.
Exemplary, so as to ammonia-nitrogen content, as 4.004mg/mL, COD 148.512mg/L, total phosphorus content are
Exemplified by the engineering that 0.99mg/L water body is repaired, technical scheme provided by the invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
(1) the unrestrained filter bag that disappears for being 300 meters along the length of water (flow) direction, is set in the inhalant region of water body, disappear unrestrained filter bag
It is made up of spacing 0.5m some row's fiber pasture and water, and adjacent two fibers pasture and water spacing 0.1m in each row's fiber pasture and water.Separately
Outside, intercept net is set in the unrestrained filter bag that the disappears both sides parallel with inhalant region riverbank, and distance of the intercept net away from inhalant region riverbank is
0.5m。
The bamboo stake 12 that 1.5m sets length to be 4m is spaced in water inlet river course, recycles rope thick 0.5cm by intercept net 11
It is fixed in bamboo stake 12, and the distance at riverside slope bottom of the intercept net 11 away from water inlet river course is 0.5m.The bottom of intercept net 11 is set
There is the gabion 13 that height is 0.2m, top is provided with ball float 14.One end of bamboo stake 12 is inserted in the soil of river bed 15, and the other end is stretched
Go out the water surface；Ball float 14 is spaced point midways of the 1.5m in two bamboo stakes 12, and intercept net is mesh diameter 2cm nylon wire.Intercept
Some row's self-floating carbon fibre pasture and water 16 are set among net 11, often arranges carbon fibre pasture and water 16 and is spaced 0.5m, the carbon of same row
Cellulose fiber pasture and water 16 are spaced 0.15m.
(2) water level of water body, is reduced by 1 meter.
(3) soil exposed after, being reduced to water level carries out topography reform, so that the soil that the water level exposes after reducing
Earth side of pulling in shore gradually is reduced in natural discharging slope form to the physical features by water side.Using the depth of water be 0.1-0.3m region as
Submerged plant planting water front；Using the depth of water between 0.3-0.6m region as submerged plant planting phytal zone；By the depth of water between
0.6-1m region is as submerged plant planting profundal zone.Above-mentioned submerged plant planting water front, submerged plant planting phytal zone
With gentle gradient in submerged plant planting profundal zone, the zone of transition in adjacent twoth area uses the form of natural discharging slope.
(4) soil exposed after, being reduced to water level carries out soil fertility adjustment, and total carbon content is in the soil after adjustment
0.6%, total nitrogen content 0.07%, total phosphorus content 0.2%, the content of organic matter 1%.
(5) soil and remaining water body exposed after being reduced using quick lime to water level is carried out disinfection；After sterilization
The continuous exposure of soil exposed 5 days.
(6) pH value of the soil exposed after, being reduced using quick lime regulation water level is 6.Recover the water level in water body；Will
The length of submerged plant is trimmed to no more than the depth of water for cultivating the submerged plant region；Submerged plant cultivation after trimming is existed
In the soil that water level exposes after reducing.It is black in the poor watermifoil of submerged plant planting water front cultivation palatability and wheel blade
Algae, in submerged plant planting phytal zone and the preferably big najas marina of submerged plant planting profundal zone cultivation palatability and bog pondweed, kind
Density in planting is 80,000 plants/acre；
(7), after cultivation submerged plant 7 days, the pH for adjusting the water body is 6, and in 15 degree of water temperature, is thrown into water body
Zooplankter nutrient solution is put, injected volume is 53L/ mus, wherein, the density of zooplankter is 500 in the zooplankter nutrient solution
Only/L；
(8) after zooplankter 14 days is launched into water body, zoobenthos, predacious fish and herbvore are launched into water body
Property fish, wherein, the zoobenthos of dispensing has the long 5cm of body bivalves, and density is 400/mu；The long 1cm of body spiral shell, density
For 600/mu；The long 2cm of body freshwater shrimp, density are 300/mu.
The predacious fish of dispensing has mandarin fish, and density is 2/mu；Snakehead, density are 3/mu；Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, density 3
Only/mu；Erythroculter ilishaeformis, density are 2/mu.
The herbivorous fishes of dispensing have silver carp, and density is 4/mu；Bighead, density are 4/mu；And herbivorous fishes
Body length is more than the 50% of predacious fish body length.
Embodiment 2
(1) the unrestrained filter bag that disappears for being 500 meters along the length of water (flow) direction, is set in the inhalant region of water body, disappear unrestrained filter bag
It is made up of spacing 0.7m some row's fiber pasture and water, and adjacent two fibers pasture and water spacing 0.1m in each row's fiber pasture and water.Separately
Outside, intercept net is set in the unrestrained filter bag that the disappears both sides parallel with inhalant region riverbank, and distance of the intercept net away from inhalant region riverbank is
0.7m。
The bamboo stake 12 that 1.5m sets length to be 4m is spaced in water inlet river course, recycles rope thick 0.5cm by intercept net 11
It is fixed in bamboo stake 12, and the distance at riverside slope bottom of the intercept net 11 away from water inlet river course is 0.5m.The bottom of intercept net 11 is set
There is the gabion 13 that height is 0.2m, top is provided with ball float 14.One end of bamboo stake 12 is inserted in the soil of river bed 15, and the other end is stretched
Go out the water surface；Ball float 14 is spaced point midways of the 1.5m in two bamboo stakes 12, and intercept net is mesh diameter 2cm nylon wire.Intercept
Some row's self-floating carbon fibre pasture and water 16 are set among net 11, often arranges carbon fibre pasture and water 16 and is spaced 0.5m, the carbon of same row
Cellulose fiber pasture and water 16 are spaced 0.15m.
(2) water level of water body, is reduced by 1.5 meters.
(3) soil exposed after, being reduced to water level carries out topography reform, so that the soil that the water level exposes after reducing
Earth side of pulling in shore gradually is reduced in natural discharging slope form to the physical features by water side.Using the depth of water be 0.1-0.3m region as
Submerged plant planting water front；Using the depth of water between 0.3-0.6m region as submerged plant planting phytal zone；By the depth of water between
0.6-1.5m region is as submerged plant planting profundal zone.Above-mentioned submerged plant planting water front, submerged plant planting shallow water
Gentle gradient in area and submerged plant planting profundal zone, the zone of transition in adjacent twoth area use the form of natural discharging slope.
(4) soil exposed after, being reduced to water level carries out soil fertility adjustment, and total carbon content is in the soil after adjustment
0.7%, total nitrogen content 0.08%, total phosphorus content 0.3%, the content of organic matter 5%.
(5) soil and remaining water body exposed after being reduced using quick lime to water level is carried out disinfection；After sterilization
The continuous exposure of soil exposed 8 days.
(6) pH value of the soil exposed after, being reduced using quick lime regulation water level is 8.Recover the water level in water body；Will
The length of submerged plant is trimmed to no more than the depth of water for cultivating the submerged plant region；Submerged plant cultivation after trimming is existed
In the soil that water level exposes after reducing.It is black in the poor watermifoil of submerged plant planting water front cultivation palatability and wheel blade
Algae, in submerged plant planting phytal zone and the preferably big najas marina of submerged plant planting profundal zone cultivation palatability and bog pondweed, kind
Density in planting is 100,000 plants/acre；
(7), after submerged plant is cultivated 10 days, the pH for adjusting the water body is 7, and when water temperature is 25 degree, to water body
Middle dispensing zooplankter nutrient solution, injected volume is 70L/ mus, wherein, the density of zooplankter is in the zooplankter nutrient solution
1000/L；
(8) after zooplankter 10 days is launched into water body, zoobenthos, predacious fish and herbvore are launched into water body
Property fish, wherein, the zoobenthos of dispensing has the long 8cm of body bivalves, and density is 600/mu；The long 2cm of body spiral shell, density
For 1300/mu；The long 3cm of body freshwater shrimp, density are 700/mu.
The predacious fish of dispensing has mandarin fish, and density is 4/mu；Snakehead, density are 8/mu；Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, density 8
Only/mu；Erythroculter ilishaeformis, density are 5/mu.
The herbivorous fishes of dispensing have silver carp, and density is 10/mu；Bighead, density are 15/mu；And herbivorous fishes
Body length be more than predacious fish body length 50%.
Embodiment 3
(1) the unrestrained filter bag that disappears for being 700 meters along the length of water (flow) direction, is set in the inhalant region of water body, disappear unrestrained filter bag
It is made up of spacing 1m some row's fiber pasture and water, and adjacent two fibers pasture and water spacing 0.2m in each row's fiber pasture and water.In addition,
Intercept net is set in the unrestrained filter bag that the disappears both sides parallel with inhalant region riverbank, and distance of the intercept net away from inhalant region riverbank is 1m.
The bamboo stake 12 that 1.5m sets length to be 4m is spaced in water inlet river course, recycles rope thick 0.5cm by intercept net 11
It is fixed in bamboo stake 12, and the distance at riverside slope bottom of the intercept net 11 away from water inlet river course is 0.5m.The bottom of intercept net 11 is set
There is the gabion 13 that height is 0.2m, top is provided with ball float 14.One end of bamboo stake 12 is inserted in the soil of river bed 15, and the other end is stretched
Go out the water surface；Ball float 14 is spaced point midways of the 1.5m in two bamboo stakes 12, and intercept net is mesh diameter 2cm nylon wire.Intercept
Some row's self-floating carbon fibre pasture and water 16 are set among net 11, often arranges carbon fibre pasture and water 16 and is spaced 0.5m, the carbon of same row
Cellulose fiber pasture and water 16 are spaced 0.15m.
(2) water level of water body, is reduced by 2 meters.
(3) soil exposed after, being reduced to water level carries out topography reform, so that the soil that the water level exposes after reducing
Earth side of pulling in shore gradually is reduced in natural discharging slope form to the physical features by water side.Using the depth of water be 0.1-0.3m region as
Submerged plant planting water front；Using the depth of water between 0.3-0.6m region as submerged plant planting phytal zone；By the depth of water between
0.6-2m region is as submerged plant planting profundal zone.Above-mentioned submerged plant planting water front, submerged plant planting phytal zone
With gentle gradient in submerged plant planting profundal zone, the zone of transition in adjacent twoth area uses the form of natural discharging slope.
(4) soil exposed after, being reduced to water level carries out soil fertility adjustment, and total carbon content is in the soil after adjustment
0.8%, total nitrogen content 0.09%, total phosphorus content 0.35%, the content of organic matter 9%.
(5) soil and remaining water body exposed after being reduced using quick lime to water level is carried out disinfection；After sterilization
The continuous exposure of soil exposed 10 days.
(6) pH value of the soil exposed after, being reduced using quick lime regulation water level is 9.Recover the water level in water body；Will
The length of submerged plant is trimmed to no more than the depth of water for cultivating the submerged plant region；Submerged plant cultivation after trimming is existed
In the soil that water level exposes after reducing.It is black in the poor watermifoil of submerged plant planting water front cultivation palatability and wheel blade
Algae, in submerged plant planting phytal zone and the preferably big najas marina of submerged plant planting profundal zone cultivation palatability and bog pondweed, kind
Density in planting is 140,000 plants/acre；
(7), after submerged plant is cultivated 14 days, the pH for adjusting the water body is 8, and when water temperature is 35 degree, to water body
Middle dispensing zooplankter nutrient solution, injected volume is 100L/ mus, wherein, the density of zooplankter in the zooplankter nutrient solution
For 2000/L；
(8) after zooplankter 7 days is launched into water body, zoobenthos, predacious fish and herbvore are launched into water body
Property fish, wherein, the zoobenthos of dispensing has the long 10cm of body bivalves, and density is 1000/mu；The long 2cm of body spiral shell, it is close
Spend for 2800/mu；The long 4cm of body freshwater shrimp, density are 1400/mu.
The predacious fish of dispensing has mandarin fish, and density is 8/mu；Snakehead, density are 12/mu；Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, density are
15/mu；Erythroculter ilishaeformis, density are 12/mu.
The herbivorous fishes of dispensing have silver carp, and density is 20/mu；Bighead, density are 20/mu；And herbivorous fishes
Body length be more than predacious fish body length 50%.
Comparative example 1
(1) quick lime is added into water body, the pH value of water body is adjusted to 10.5, nitrogen is escaped in the form of ammonia.
(2) when ammonia-nitrogen content in water body reaches IV class water quality standard of earth's surface, whether content reaches ground to detection total phosphorus in water
The class water quality standard of table IV.If adding not up to, then into water body lime, so that lime produces flocculation sediment with phosphate radical.
Comparative example 2
(1) quick lime is added into water body, the pH value of water body is adjusted to 11, nitrogen is escaped in the form of ammonia.
(2) when ammonia-nitrogen content in water body reaches IV class water quality standard of earth's surface, whether content reaches ground to detection total phosphorus in water
The class water quality standard of table IV.If adding not up to, then into water body lime, so that lime produces flocculation sediment with phosphate radical.
Comparative example 3
(1) quick lime is added into water body, the pH value of water body is adjusted to 11.5, nitrogen is escaped in the form of ammonia.
(2) when ammonia-nitrogen content in water body reaches IV class water quality standard of earth's surface, whether content reaches ground to detection total phosphorus in water
The class water quality standard of table IV.If adding not up to, then into water body lime, so that lime produces flocculation sediment with phosphate radical.
It is emphasized that in embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3, after above-mentioned processing step is completed, without artificial
Intervene.Then be directed to each embodiment, respectively after the completion of to water remediation, processing after the completion of three months and processing after the completion of six
Ammonia-nitrogen content, COD, total phosphorus content in water body are measured respectively within individual month, measurement result is as shown in table 1.Table 1 is application
The embodiment of the present invention is to the measurement data after Haikou Guilin ocean water remediation three months；Table 2 is to sea using the embodiment of the present invention
Measurement data of the mouth Guilin ocean water remediation after six months.
Table 1
As shown in Table 1, ammonia-nitrogen content in water body can be reduced to the water of the class water quality of earth's surface four using the embodiment of the present invention
It is flat, and remain in that this is horizontal after processing is completed six months.And prior art is applied, and when being completed to water remediation, water
Body water quality can reach the class water quality of earth's surface four, but over time, water quality runs down, therefore, using of the invention real
Example is applied for prior art, the continuation for carrying out water remediation is more preferable.
In addition, using the embodiment of the present invention, the ammonia-nitrogen content in water body can be reduced to 1.261mg/mL；Chemistry is needed
Oxygen amount is reduced to 7.157mg/mL；The total phosphorus content of water body is reduced to 0.043mg/mL.
It should be noted that the class water quality index of earth's surface IV in table 1 come from《Water environment quality standard》
(GB3838-2002).Furthermore it is possible to using salicylic acid colorimetry, reagent colorimetric method and Ammonia Gas Sensor Electrode Method measurement water
Ammonia-nitrogen content in body；Chemical oxygen consumption (COC) of the potassium bichromate as oxidant measure water body can be used；Ammonium molybdate can be used
Total phosphorus content in metric measurement water body.
It should be noted that herein, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to non-row
His property includes, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only include those key elements, and
And also include the other element being not expressly set out, or also include for this process, method, article or equipment institute inherently
Key element.In the absence of more restrictions, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including institute
State in process, method, article or the equipment of key element and other identical element also be present.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of related, identical similar portion between each embodiment
Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiment.Especially for device,
For electronic equipment, storage medium, system embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so the comparison of description is simple
Single, the relevent part can refer to the partial explaination of embodiments of method.The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.Any modification for being made within the spirit and principles of the invention, equivalent substitution,
Improve etc., it is all contained in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
In the case where the pH value of water body is 6-9, submerged plant is cultivated in water body, planting density is 80,000-14 ten thousand plants/acre；
Zooplankter nutrient solution is launched into water body, injected volume is 53L-100L/ mus, wherein, in the zooplankter nutrient solution
The density of zooplankter is 500-2000/L；
Zoobenthos, predacious fish and herbivorous fishes are launched into water body, wherein, the throw-in density of the zoobenthos is
1300-5500/mu；Predacious fish 10-50 tails/mu；Herbivorous fishes 5-40 tails/mu.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described in water body cultivate submerged plant before, it is described
Method also includes：
Set in the inhalant region of water body along the unrestrained filter bag that disappears that the length of water (flow) direction is 200-800 rice, the unrestrained filter bag that disappears
The both sides parallel with inhalant region riverbank are provided with intercept net；Wherein, distance of the intercept net away from inhalant region riverbank is 0.5-1m；Institute
The unrestrained filter bag that disappears is stated to be made up of spacing 0.5-1m some row's fiber pasture and water, and adjacent two fiber waters in each row's fiber pasture and water
Careless spacing 0.1-0.2m.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described in water body cultivate submerged plant before, it is described
Method also includes：
The water level of water body is reduced into 1-2 rice；
The soil that exposes carries out topography reform after being reduced to water level, so that the soil that the water level exposes after reducing pulls in shore one
Side gradually reduces to the physical features by water side.
4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that the physical features gradually reduces, including：
The physical features is stepped gradually to be reduced.
5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described in water body cultivate submerged plant before, it is described
Method also includes：
The water level of water body is reduced into 1-2 rice；
The soil exposed after being reduced to water level carries out soil fertility adjustment, and total carbon content is 0.6- in the soil after adjustment
0.8%, total nitrogen content 0.07-0.09%, total phosphorus content 0.2-0.35%, content of organic matter 1-10%.
6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described in water body cultivate submerged plant before, it is described
Method also includes：
The water level of water body is reduced into 1-2 rice；
The soil and remaining water body exposed after being reduced to water level carries out disinfection；
By the soil exposed continuous exposure 5-10 days after sterilization.
7. according to the method described in claim any one of 3-6, it is characterised in that described that submerged plant bag is cultivated in water body
Include：
The pH value for the soil that regulation water level exposes after reducing is 6-9；
Recover the water level in water body；
The length of submerged plant is trimmed to no more than the depth of water for cultivating the submerged plant region；
In the soil that submerged plant cultivation after trimming is exposed after water level reduction.
8. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described to launch zooplankter into water body, including：
After submerged plant is cultivated 7-14 days, the pH of the water body is adjusted between 6-8；
When water temperature is spent between 15-35, zooplankter is launched into water body.
9. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described that zoobenthos, predacious fish are launched into water body
And herbivorous fishes, including：
After zooplankter being launched into water body 7-14 days, zoobenthos, predacious fish and phytophage fish are launched into water body
Class.
10. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the zoobenthos includes：The long 5-10cm of body bivalves；
The long 1-2cm of body spiral shell；The long 2-4cm of body freshwater shrimp；
The predacious fish includes：Mandarin fish, snakehead, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and erythroculter ilishaeformis；
The herbivorous fishes include：Silver carp and bighead, and the body length of the herbivorous fishes is more than the predacious fish body
Long 50%.
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Application publication date: 20180316 |