CN105544462A - Bank protection method for wave dissipation of riverway - Google Patents
Bank protection method for wave dissipation of riverway Download PDFInfo
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- CN105544462A CN105544462A CN201511019155.0A CN201511019155A CN105544462A CN 105544462 A CN105544462 A CN 105544462A CN 201511019155 A CN201511019155 A CN 201511019155A CN 105544462 A CN105544462 A CN 105544462A
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- gravel
- shore protection
- protection module
- bank protection
- bank
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/123—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of stone, concrete or similar stony material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a bank protection method for wave dissipation of a riverway. The bank protection method comprises the following steps that the specifications of bank protection modules are determined, the bank protection modules are prepared, the bank protection modules are mounted, and bank protection ecology is constructed. The wave dissipation bank protection modules are arranged nearby a water bank of the riverway, new water flow boundary conditions are created by means of detention and speed reduction of the modules on water flow, and therefore the functions of controlling and guiding the water flow and protecting a river embankment are achieved. Meanwhile, a still water microenvironment is formed among the wave dissipation modules and the river embankment, aquatic plants can be planted, aquatic animals can perch, and therefore an aquatic animal and plant ecological system is formed, and pollution of point pollution sources and non-point pollution sources of a bank slope to water quality is reduced through purification. The problem that bank protection of a natural bank slope is limited by the water flow environment and the like during application is solved, meanwhile, a good water area environment is formed, and the bank protection type can be applied within a wider range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the bank protection method of a kind of river course water system, particularly relate to a kind of river course disappear wave bank protection method.
Background technology
The river bank scouring that the wave that wind, navigate etc. causes, current etc. cause, can make riverbank that avalanche or alluvial occur, thus causes the degeneration on riverbank or become silted up long.This factor is one of major reason causing river course bank slope instability.In order to protect river course bank slope safely, safeguard that Aquatic Ecosystem 2 is unified and beautify the environment, shore protection technology is widely used.
Generally speaking, it is comparatively large that structural shore protection is applicable to current complexity, flow velocity, and be subject to the obvious section of impact of current, stormy waves, usually adopts the good entity withstand currents of the self stabilities such as stone-laying, concret block, steel sheet pile to wash away, and forms anti-impact shore protection.For the straight chanel that bank slope self is more stable, also can adopt the shore protection patterns such as slope protection of fabric bag, geotechnological woven cloth sandbag and earth work fabric soft revetment, protection effect is obvious.The bank protection structure of this type is stablized but has been cut off the exchange of Commodity flow, energy flow, information flow between land and water, serious loss ecological functions, and causes its landscape effect poor due to hardening.
Nature bank slope bank protection method, because its view is graceful, ecological disturbance is minimum, becomes the trend of current Shore protection design field development.The method utilizes the vegetation types such as humidogene arbor, shrub, draft to fix bank slope, to increase the erosion resistance on riverbank, is applicable to current, small-sized river course that stormy waves is less.The effect of play protecting ecology while preventing bank slope from washing away, beautifying the environment, but its intensity and durability is poor limits its application in current, section that Lidar Equation is larger.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is comparatively anxious for current, that comparatively large to bank slope impact force, water bank washes away a serious river course above-mentioned shore protection difficult problem, propose a kind of river course and to disappear the bank protection method of wave.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of river course disappear wave bank protection method, described bank protection method comprises the steps:
A, determine the specification of shore protection module, according to the height of river course ordinary water level height determination shore protection module, according to the length of river course hydraulic condition determination shore protection module, described shore protection module comprises outer field cylinder mould and is filled in the gravel structure in described cylinder mould, and described gravel structure comprises the first layer of gravel being arranged on lower floor and the second layer of gravel being arranged on upper strata;
B, prepare shore protection module, metal wire rod is adopted to become transverse and longitudinal cross section to be the cylinder mould of trapezoidal wooden horse type structure through machine knits, 3 ~ 30cm size grading gravel is adopted to fill described first layer of gravel afterwards, adopt 15 ~ 30cm size grading gravel to fill described second layer of gravel, and the Thickness Ratio of described first layer of gravel and described second layer of gravel is (1:1) ~ (3:2);
C, installation shore protection module, be transported to place to be positioned by the shore protection module prepared in step B, and adopt hanging apparatus to be arranged in nearly riverbank by shore protection module according to the mode of at least two row's arrangements in isosceles triangle;
D, structure shore protection are ecological, and described shore protection module after mounting, forms inner lead between shore protection module and described riverbank, planting aquatic plants in described inner lead.
Preferably, the length of described cylinder mould is 3 ~ 5m, and height maintains an equal level with river course ordinary water level.
Preferably, the bottom width of described cylinder mould is set to 0.2 ~ 0.5m, and top width is 1/2 ~ 4/5 of bottom width.
Preferably, the maximum diameter of hole of described cylinder mould is less than the particle diameter of minimum gravel.
Preferably, in described step C, the spacing with the adjacent shore protection module of row is 1/3 ~ 1 times of shore protection block length, and the spacing of different row's shore protection intermodule is 0.2 ~ 0.4m.
Preferably, described water plant comprises emergent aquactic plant, floatingleaved plant, submerged plant.
Based on technique scheme, advantage of the present invention is:
The present invention, by arranging the unrestrained shore protection module that disappears near the water bank in river course, is slowed down to the delay of current by this module, is built new flow boundary condition, thus reaches the effect of control water guide stream, protection bunding.Meanwhile, form a hydrostatic microenvironment disappearing between unrestrained module and bunding, can planting aquatic plants, perch for aquatic animal, thus form the aquatic animals and plants ecosystem, purification bank slope point non point source of pollution is to the pollution of water quality.The invention solves the problem that nature bank slope shore protection is subject to the restrictions such as water environment in the application, define good water environment simultaneously, make this shore protection type obtain wider application.
The current border that the bank protection method that river course of the present invention disappears wave is made new advances by construction, thus reach control water guide stream, the effect of protection bunding.The river course built by the described bank protection method unrestrained bank protection structure that disappears is flexible structure, can adapt to the variation of current and not be destroyed, erosion resistibility is comparatively strong, possesses good security and stability, there is water permeability, and to current, there is preliminary filtration and stronger pardon.In addition, the river course built by described bank protection method disappears unrestrained bank protection structure also by forming mild flow condition and ecological chain, for aquatile provides ecology corridor, breeds and perches and create good condition, thus form the stable ecosystem for it.Pass through to drive piles below riverbed with tradition and formed compared with stable bank protection structure, bank protection method of the present invention avoids the disturbance of driving piles to riverbed and surrounding aqueous environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and form a application's part, schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is that river course disappears unrestrained shore protection modular structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that river course disappears unrestrained bank protection structure schematic top plan view;
Wherein, 1 ~ cylinder mould; 2 ~ the first layer of gravel; 3 ~ the second layer of gravel; 4 ~ shore protection module; 5 ~ inner lead; 6 ~ riverbank; Water (flow) direction in A ~ shore protection module.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
The invention provides a kind of river course disappear wave bank protection method, as shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 2, illustrated therein is a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention.Particularly, described bank protection method comprises the steps:
Determine the specification of shore protection module 4: according to the height of river course ordinary water level height determination shore protection module 4, according to the length of river course hydraulic condition determination shore protection module 4, the gravel structure that described shore protection module comprises outer field cylinder mould 1 and is filled in described cylinder mould 1, described gravel structure comprises the first layer of gravel 2 being arranged on lower floor and the second layer of gravel 3 being arranged on upper strata.
Preferably, in order to current and aquatic animal can smoothly by the aquaporins of intermodule, each block length is unsuitable long, and the length of described cylinder mould 1 is preferably 3 ~ 5m.The height of this cylinder mould 1, to be arranged on height on riverbed and river course ordinary water level maintains an equal level as standard, can overflow top line flood during high water level, slightly surface during low water stage.The width of described cylinder mould 1 is generally highly arranged according to it, and highly higher, width suitably increases, and general bottom width is set to 0.2 ~ 0.5m, and top width is 1/2 ~ 4/5 of bottom width.
Prepare shore protection module 4: adopt metal wire rod to become the cylinder mould 1 of wooden horse type structure through machine knits, described cylinder mould 1 for longitudinal section be trapezoidal wooden horse type structure, 3 ~ 30cm size grading gravel is adopted to fill described first layer of gravel 2 afterwards, adopt 15 ~ 30cm size grading gravel to fill described second layer of gravel 3, and described first layer of gravel 2 is (1:1) ~ (3:2) with the Thickness Ratio of described second layer of gravel 3.
Particularly, described shore protection module-external is with antirust, and antistatic is anti-aging, corrosion-resistant, high resistance to compression, the metal wire rod of the features such as high shearing resistance, high strength through the cylinder mould 1 having mesh of machine knits, to meet the requirement in working strength, application life etc.Described cylinder mould 1 is wooden horse type structure, and namely transverse and longitudinal cross section is trapezoidal.
As shown in Figure 1, the gravel loading different gradation in described cylinder mould 1 forms gravel structure, and gravel structure particle diameter is set to: bottom adopts 3 ~ 30cm size grading gravel to form the first layer of gravel 2, to form stable basis; The Large stone gravel adopting specification to be about 15 ~ 30cm with upper part carries out filling and forms described second layer of gravel 3, and both aspect ratios are about (1:1) ~ (3:2).Due to good space can be formed between Large stone gravel, can fully absorb this scouring force, not only slow down current but also maintain Stability Analysis of Structures.On the other hand, the Large stone gravel region near water front side can be the aquatic animals such as fish provides habitat, has important Ecological Functions.Further, the maximum diameter of hole of described cylinder mould 1 is less than the particle diameter of minimum gravel, to prevent gravel loose de-from cylinder mould 1.
Shore protection module 4 is installed: the shore protection module 4 prepared in step B is transported to place to be positioned, and adopts hanging apparatus the mode of shore protection module 4 according at least two row's arrangements in isosceles triangle to be arranged in nearly riverbank 6.
As shown in Figure 2, the orientation of described shore protection module 4 is parallel with streamflow direction, is at least two-row structure.Row can be arranged according to river width, water velocity, scouring force etc., and river width, water velocity, scouring force etc. are larger, then can increase the row of described shore protection module 4 as one sees fit.
Particularly, shore protection module 4 longitudinal arrangement is in the matrix of river bed, and shore protection module 4 modular shape is wooden horse type, bottom is wide, and top is narrow, and height flushes with ordinary water level, cut to lengthen is at 3 ~ 5 meters, and bottom width about 0.2 ~ 0.5 meter, top width is about 1/2 ~ 4/5 of bottom width.Preferably, 1/3 ~ 1 times that the spacing (being as the criterion with bottom space) with the adjacent shore protection module 4 of row is shore protection module 4 length, the spacing (being as the criterion with bottom space) between different row's shore protection module 4 is set to 0.2 ~ 0.4 meter.Parameter, the distance parameter of above shore protection module 4 according to the engineering parameter such as water velocity, scouring force, by regulating after computer model simulation, can form the best combination parameter cutting down waterpower.
Further, shore protection module 4 is arranged at by other waters, riverbank 6, and the top of described shore protection module 4 is arranged far from the distance on riverbank 6 according to river width, hydraulic condition etc.The bank protection structure itself that bank protection method of the present invention builds has good water permeability, be conducive to the exchange of both sides current, resist washing away of current, and form water stream channel by the spacing in length and breadth between shore protection module 4, pass through for river, aquatile etc. and enter waters, bank side.Current, when flowing to shore protection module 4, will produce turbulent flow, and the water (flow) direction A in shore protection module as shown in Figure 2, and then cuts down the intensity of water wave.
Structure shore protection is ecological: described shore protection module 4 after mounting, forms inner lead 5 between shore protection module 4 and described riverbank 6, planting aquatic plants in described inner lead 5.
Originally, after the unrestrained bank protection structure that disappears is arranged, a metastable inner lead 5 between itself and water front, is namely formed.This waters can planting aquatic plants as required, and described water plant comprises emergent aquactic plant, floatingleaved plant, submerged plant, and water plant can form integrated shore protection system with natural style shore protection.Aquatic animal as fish, amphibian animal etc. all enter by aquaporin as described in inner lead 5, due to this waters water flow stationary, slowly, it can be attracted to lay eggs at this, perch.Moreover the water flows gently due to this waters, this riverbed, region can form thicker sedimentary deposit, is suitable for the existence such as benthon, crustacean, makes described inner lead 5 can form balance, harmonious aquatic ecosystem through the growth of aquatic animals and plants.
River course of the present invention disappears, and to produce the concrete principle of above-mentioned technique effect as follows for the bank protection method of wave:
The present invention, by arranging the unrestrained shore protection module that disappears near the water bank in river course, is slowed down to the delay of current by this module, is built new flow boundary condition, thus reaches the effect of control water guide stream, protection bunding.Meanwhile, form a hydrostatic microenvironment disappearing between unrestrained module and bunding, can planting aquatic plants, perch for aquatic animal, thus form the aquatic animals and plants ecosystem, purification bank slope point non point source of pollution is to the pollution of water quality.
The invention solves the problem that nature bank slope shore protection is subject to the restrictions such as water environment in the application, define good water environment simultaneously, make this shore protection type obtain wider application.The current border that the bank protection method that river course of the present invention disappears wave is made new advances by construction, thus reach control water guide stream, the effect of protection bunding.The river course built by the described bank protection method unrestrained bank protection structure that disappears is flexible structure, can adapt to the variation of current and not be destroyed, erosion resistibility is comparatively strong, possesses good security and stability, there is water permeability, and to current, there is preliminary filtration and stronger pardon.In addition, the river course built by described bank protection method disappears unrestrained bank protection structure also by forming mild flow condition and ecological chain, for aquatile provides ecology corridor, breeds and perches and create good condition, thus form the stable ecosystem for it.Pass through to drive piles below riverbed with tradition and formed compared with stable bank protection structure, bank protection method of the present invention avoids the disturbance of driving piles to riverbed and surrounding aqueous environment.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or carry out equivalent replacement to portion of techniques feature; And not departing from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope of request of the present invention protection.
Claims (6)
1. river course disappear wave a bank protection method, it is characterized in that: described bank protection method comprises the steps:
A, determine the specification of shore protection module (4), according to the height in river course ordinary water level height determination shore protection module (4), according to the length of river course hydraulic condition determination shore protection module (4), the gravel structure that described shore protection module comprises outer field cylinder mould (1) and is filled in described cylinder mould (1), described gravel structure comprises the first layer of gravel (2) being arranged on lower floor and the second layer of gravel (3) being arranged on upper strata;
B, prepare shore protection module (4), metal wire rod is adopted to become transverse and longitudinal cross section to be the cylinder mould (1) of trapezoidal wooden horse type structure through machine knits, 3 ~ 30cm size grading gravel is adopted to fill described first layer of gravel (2) afterwards, adopt 15 ~ 30cm size grading gravel to fill described second layer of gravel (3), and described first layer of gravel (2) is (1:1) ~ (3:2) with the Thickness Ratio of described second layer of gravel (3);
C, installation shore protection module (4), the shore protection module (4) prepared in step B is transported to place to be positioned, and adopts hanging apparatus to be arranged in nearly riverbank (6) by shore protection module (4) according to the mode of at least two row's arrangements in isosceles triangle;
D, structure shore protection are ecological, and described shore protection module (4) after mounting, forms inner lead (5) between shore protection module (4) and described riverbank (6), planting aquatic plants in described inner lead (5).
2. bank protection method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length of described cylinder mould (1) is 3 ~ 5m, and height maintains an equal level with river course ordinary water level.
3. bank protection method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the bottom width of described cylinder mould (1) is set to 0.2 ~ 0.5m, and top width is 1/2 ~ 4/5 of bottom width.
4. bank protection method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the maximum diameter of hole of described cylinder mould (1) is less than the particle diameter of minimum gravel.
5. bank protection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step C, spacing with the adjacent shore protection module (4) of row is 1/3 ~ 1 times of shore protection module (4) length, and the spacing between different row's shore protection module (4) is 0.2 ~ 0.4m.
6. bank protection method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described water plant comprises emergent aquactic plant, floatingleaved plant, submerged plant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201511019155.0A CN105544462B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A kind of river disappears the bank protection method of wave |
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| CN201511019155.0A CN105544462B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A kind of river disappears the bank protection method of wave |
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| CN105544462A true CN105544462A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| CN105544462B CN105544462B (en) | 2018-11-20 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107804916A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-03-16 | 博元生态修复（北京）有限公司 | Ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body |
| CN108385619A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-08-10 | 江苏麦廊新材料科技有限公司 | Shore protection sealing rod and ecological revetment with the shore protection sealing rod |
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| CN105544462B (en) | 2018-11-20 |
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