CN105130000A - Underwater ecological system construction method - Google Patents
Underwater ecological system construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105130000A CN105130000A CN201510565296.6A CN201510565296A CN105130000A CN 105130000 A CN105130000 A CN 105130000A CN 201510565296 A CN201510565296 A CN 201510565296A CN 105130000 A CN105130000 A CN 105130000A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention relates to an underwater ecological system construction method, and especially relates to a construction method of a underwater forest. The construction method comprises the following steps: the step 1, water quality detection of water area and substrate improvement; the step 2: construction of a water-bed landform; the step 3: arrangement of a wave breaking belt around the water area; the step 4: employ of lofting gauge piles and determination of a plantation scope; the step 5: selection of submerged plants and enforcement of plantation; the step 6: maintenance. The invention has the advantages of simple technology, low cost and high engineering quality, and the hardware construction does not need a lot of money and a lot of electric energy and any chemical reagents. A fork plantation method, a throwing plantation method or a container plantation method can be used for water areas of different bottom qualities according to condition, and the application is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecosystem construction process under water, particularly relate to a kind of construction process of submerged forest.
Background technology
Utilizing waterplant to carry out water quality ecological improvement is reduced investment, effective, continuable good method, wherein the strongest with the submerged plant soil removability being called " submerged forest " again.It is generally acknowledged: the successful structure of " submerged forest ", waste water control can reach lasting target, and for this reason, submerged forest is widely applied in waste water treatment project.Meanwhile, submerged forest is also day by day valued by the people in water feature design, and many wetland parks, Botanical gardens have built the sight spot viewing and admiring " submerged forest " view specially, as the corridor of ecological observation under water etc. of Xixi National Wetland Park.But because the flow rate and direction of each layer in water body upper, middle and lower often has larger difference, substrate character is various, also has the construction quality of factor impact structure " submerged forest " such as change daily periodicity of water transparency, hydrocoles, the depth of water and water pH value.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of construction process of submerged forest.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the construction process of submerged forest of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Step 1, water area water-quality detects and substrate improvement, and described substrate improvement comprises weeds and removes, clears up underwater mud, carries out bed mud sterilization and bed mud activation; After improvement, water pH value is 6.0-9.0;
Step 2, use planting soil, sandstone build water-bed landform, and it is a kind of or several that described water-bed landform comprises paddy, gully, mound and peak;
Step 3, arranges wave eliminating band around described waters;
Step 4, determines planting range to plantation employing waters, waters setting-out stake;
Step 5, selects submerged plant and implements plant growing;
Step 6, maintenance, described maintenance comprises the control of waters water level and the control of water quality.
Further, the height of the control of described waters water level and the speed of growth of described submerged plant suitable; The guarantee of described water quality comprises deleting of submerged plant and cuts, clears up and after-culture.
Further, described submerged plant planting comprises fork planting method, and described fork planting method comprises the steps:
Step 1, detect water environment, described bed mud thickness is greater than 10 centimetres, performs step 2 when water depth is greater than 0.5 meter;
Step 2, chooses submerged plant, and described submerged plant comprises hornwort, black algae, Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum, Potamogeton pectinatus L, eel grass and water caltrop;
Step 3, the stem of fixing submerged plant, inserts bed mud 3-5 centimetre, the root system of submerged plant or rhizome is fixed in bed mud.
Further, described submerged plant planting also comprises throwing method, and described throwing method comprises direct throwing method and parcel throwing method;
Described direct throwing method comprises the steps:
Step 1, detects water environment, performs step 2 when described waters is hydrostatic body;
Step 2, chooses submerged plant, and described submerged plant comprises hornwort and water caltrop;
Step 3, the submerged plant selected by direct throwing;
Described parcel throwing method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, detects water environment, performs step 2 when described water bottom grouts or grows without soft bed mud;
Step 2, chooses submerged plant, and described submerged plant comprises hornwort, water caltrop, black algae, waterweed, potamogeton malaianus;
Step 3, adopt non-woven fabrics or rush bag parcel planting soil and selected submerged plant root or seed, throwing enters in water.
Further, described submerged plant planting also comprises container planting method, and described container planting method comprises the steps:
Step 1, detects water environment, and described water environment is hard revetment or bed mud sclerosis, and performs step 2 when the depth of water and transparency ratio are less than 1:1;
Step 2, chooses submerged plant, and described submerged plant comprises water caltrop and black algae;
Step 3, first plants submerged plant in nutrition pot, treats that plant-growth sinks under water to 10-15cm together with container.
Further, described maintenance also comprises the setting of quarantine measures, and described quarantine measures are used for preventing herbivorous fishes and the excessive invasion of aquatic bird.
Beneficial effect: technique of the present invention is simple, and with low cost, construction quality is high, does not need the hardware construction of huge fund, does not also need a large amount of electric energy, does not more need any pharmaceutical chemicals reagent, but its landscape effect obtained is excellent.In pond, lake, build submerged forest, utilize the accumulation ability of submerged plant, purify water, realize excellent water scenery engineering.Fork planting method, throwing planting method or container planting method that waters for different substrate situation of can dividing adopts, application has very strong popularity.In addition, be also provided with wave eliminating band and be applicable to the larger waters of stormy waves.The maintenance to this submerged forest is also had after submerged forest Primary Construction completes, maintenance comprises the control of waters water level and the control of water quality, particularly, the control of waters water level is suitable with the speed of growth of submerged plant, and the guarantee of water quality comprises deleting of submerged plant and cuts, clears up and after-culture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail;
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the construction process embodiment of a kind of submerged forest of the present invention.
Embodiment
Figure 1 shows that the schematic flow sheet of the construction process embodiment of a kind of submerged forest of the present invention, comprise the following steps: step 1, water area water-quality detects and substrate improvement; Step 2, builds water-bed landform; Step 3, arranges wave eliminating band around waters; Step 4, adopts setting-out stake to determine planting range; Step 5, selects submerged plant and implements plant growing; Step 6, maintenance.Wherein, for the spud of step 4, often complete the spud that a place just clears up this place, with the clear and definite part completed, remain the spud stayed and be namely denoted as the region of not yet having constructed.
Step 1 needs the related data such as water quality, the hydrology, meteorology, substrate, source of sewage, flow velocity preparing relevant waters before implementing.Carry out working drawing joint examination simultaneously, design is told somebody what one's real intentions are, work out Design of Construction Organization and examination & verification confirms, organizing construction personnel carry out technology and construction safety is told somebody what one's real intentions are.Substrate improvement comprises weeds and removes, clears up underwater mud, carries out bed mud sterilization and bed mud activation; After improvement, water pH value is 6.0-9.0.
Employing planting soil, sandstone build water-bed landform, and the water-bed landform of structure comprises paddy, gully, Qiu Hefeng, expand the growing space of submerged plant, form various view and Submerged plant communities, and the structure of water-bed landform is the basis that submerged forest builds.The setting of wave eliminating band reduces stormy waves for the flow rate and direction changing plantation waters simultaneously, eliminates the impact of stormy waves on construction plantation, especially for the waters that stormy waves is larger.
Planting range is determined to plantation employing waters, waters setting-out stake, selects submerged plant and implement plant growing.Submerged plant planting comprises fork planting method, throwing method and container planting method.
Wherein fork planting method comprises detection water environment, when detecting that bed mud thickness is greater than 10 centimetres, water depth is greater than 0.5 meter just can choose submerged plant, usual fork planting method the submerged plant that is suitable for comprise hornwort, black algae, Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum, Potamogeton pectinatus L, eel grass and water caltrop.The stem of fixing submerged plant, inserts bed mud 3-5 centimetre, the root system of submerged plant or rhizome is fixed in bed mud.Wherein, hornwort, plant type is graceful, and be imbued with texture, blade is very thin, and look green is pleasant, and improving water quality effect strong, is the pioneer of severe enrichment nutrition shoaling water phytoremediation.Black algae, has the ability adapting to water body environment change and requires not tight to illumination, water hardness etc.Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum, adaptive faculty comparatively Johnson & Johnson in lake, pond, the freshwater such as irrigation canals and ditches.Potamogeton pectinatus L, ecological amplitude is wide, is adapted to grow in oligotrophic to super eutrophic water body, and all has growth in fresh water and seawater.Particularly, the plant specification of black algae is greater than 10 buds/clump, planting density 10-12 clump/square metre; The plant specification of Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum is greater than 10 buds/clump, planting density 8-10 clump/square metre; The plant specification of eel grass is greater than 6 millimeters at its rhizome place diameter, planting density 16-25 clump/square metre.
Throwing method comprises direct throwing method and parcel throwing method.Direct throwing method comprises detection water environment, chooses submerged plant when being detected as hydrostatic body, and the submerged plant that direct throwing method uses comprises hornwort and water caltrop, the submerged plant selected by direct throwing.
Parcel throwing method comprises detection water environment, submerged plant is chosen when detecting that water bottom grouts or grows without soft bed mud, usual parcel throwing method the submerged plant that is suitable for comprise hornwort, water caltrop, black algae, waterweed, potamogeton malaianus, adopt non-woven fabrics or rush bag parcel planting soil and get submerged plant root or seed, throwing enters in water.Particularly, the plant specification of waterweed is greater than 10 buds/clump, planting density 25-30 clump/square metre.
Container planting method comprises detection water environment, when detecting that water environment is hard revetment or bed mud sclerosis, and the depth of water and transparency ratio choose submerged plant when being less than 1:1, usual container planting method the submerged plant that is suitable for comprise water caltrop and black algae, submerged plant is first planted in nutrition pot, treats that plant-growth sinks under water together with container to 10-15cm.
The elastic distortion phenomenon that submerged plant is formed with current can affect the speed of flowing water, removes the suspended particulate in water.The association of submerged plant energy is in emergent and floatingleaved plant group, also Submerged plant communities can be formed in floatingleaved plant band deep water side, play larger ecology and landscape function, as the important component part in aquatic ecosystem, submerged plant is not only primary producer, for hydrocoles provides abundant food, habitat and breeding place can also be perched for they provide, be conducive to keeping species diversity and maintaining the stable of whole aquatic ecosystem.Submerged plant discharges a large amount of oxygen by photosynthesis to lake water.Whole plant is all in water submerged plant, and root, stem, leaf etc. can nutrition, heavy metal element and some suspended matters in planar water.
Maintenance comprises the control of waters water level and the control of water quality.Wherein the height of the control of waters water level is suitable with the speed of growth of submerged plant, fluctuation of water table scope will control within the amplitude of bearing submerged plant, the too high meeting of long-time water level causes submerged plant dead, water level is too low to be made submerged plant surface and to burn by day and insect pest is invaded, as bed mud is exposed, submerged plant can be caused because of death of dewatering.The guarantee of water quality comprises deleting of submerged plant and cuts, clears up and after-culture, and water quality need keep consistent with during submerged plant planting, does not advise fertilising to submerged plant.For the submerged plant that the speed of growth is too fast, it grows the water surface when affecting view, should manually salvage or machine cut.For the dead strain emerged, should remove in time.Also need to remove the plant of water surface and non-purpose submerged plant in time.What can not reach design requirements for surviving rate will carry out after-culture, the same implantation methods of after-culture method.As preferably, the measure of maintenance also comprises the setting of quarantine measures, and the setting of quarantine measures is used for preventing herbivorous fishes and the excessive invasion of aquatic bird.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. a construction process for submerged forest, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, water area water-quality detects and substrate improvement, and described substrate improvement comprises weeds and removes, clears up underwater mud, carries out bed mud sterilization and bed mud activation; After improvement, water pH value is 6.0-9.0;
Step 2, use planting soil, sandstone build water-bed landform, and it is a kind of or several that described water-bed landform comprises paddy, gully, mound and peak;
Step 3, arranges wave eliminating band around described waters;
Step 4, determines planting range to plantation employing waters, waters setting-out stake;
Step 5, selects submerged plant and implements plant growing;
Step 6, maintenance, described maintenance comprises the control of waters water level and the control of water quality.
2. the construction process of submerged forest according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of the control of described waters water level and the speed of growth of described submerged plant suitable; The guarantee of described water quality comprises deleting of submerged plant and cuts, clears up and after-culture.
3. the construction process of submerged forest according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described submerged plant planting comprises fork planting method, and described fork planting method comprises the steps:
Step 1, detect water environment, described bed mud thickness is greater than 10 centimetres, performs step 2 when water depth is greater than 0.5 meter;
Step 2, chooses submerged plant, and described submerged plant comprises hornwort, black algae, Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum, Potamogeton pectinatus L, eel grass and water caltrop;
Step 3, the stem of fixing submerged plant, inserts bed mud 3-5 centimetre, the root system of submerged plant or rhizome is fixed in bed mud.
4. the construction process of submerged forest according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described submerged plant planting also comprises throwing method, and described throwing method comprises direct throwing method and parcel throwing method;
Described direct throwing method comprises the steps:
Step 1, detects water environment, performs step 2 when described waters is hydrostatic body;
Step 2, chooses submerged plant, and described submerged plant comprises hornwort and water caltrop;
Step 3, the submerged plant selected by direct throwing;
Described parcel throwing method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, detects water environment, performs step 2 when described water bottom grouts or grows without soft bed mud;
Step 2, chooses submerged plant, and described submerged plant comprises hornwort, water caltrop, black algae, waterweed, potamogeton malaianus;
Step 3, adopt non-woven fabrics or rush bag parcel planting soil and selected submerged plant root or seed, throwing enters in water.
5. the construction process of submerged forest according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described submerged plant planting also comprises container planting method, and described container planting method comprises the steps:
Step 1, detects water environment, and described water environment is hard revetment or bed mud sclerosis, and performs step 2 when the depth of water and transparency ratio are less than 1:1;
Step 2, chooses submerged plant, and described submerged plant comprises water caltrop and black algae;
Step 3, first plants submerged plant in nutrition pot, treats that plant-growth sinks under water to 10-15cm together with container.
6. the construction process of the submerged forest according to any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that: described maintenance also comprises the setting of quarantine measures, and described quarantine measures are used for preventing herbivorous fishes and the excessive invasion of aquatic bird.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510565296.6A CN105130000B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | A kind of construction method of submerged forest |
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| CN201510565296.6A CN105130000B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | A kind of construction method of submerged forest |
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| CN105130000B CN105130000B (en) | 2017-08-08 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106745792A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉中科水生环境工程股份有限公司 | A kind of submerged plant restoration methods |
| CN107265647A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-10-20 | 江西省水利科学研究院 | It is a kind of to temper the method that submerged plant extends ability |
| CN107804916A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-03-16 | 博元生态修复（北京）有限公司 | Ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body |
| WO2018162741A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2018-09-13 | Elements Works Srl | Modular agriculture system |
| CN110150130A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-23 | 重庆市十八土鑫诚灌浆防水工程有限公司 | A kind of technique of deep water planting |
| CN110422931A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-08 | 江苏山水环境建设集团股份有限公司 | River corridor restoration system construction method |
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| CN1562810A (en) * | 2004-03-27 | 2005-01-12 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for renovating zoology in lakeshore zone |
| CN103359886A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-10-23 | 南京大学 | Comprehensive technology for ecological restoration of low-pollution river water |
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2015
- 2015-09-08 CN CN201510565296.6A patent/CN105130000B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1562810A (en) * | 2004-03-27 | 2005-01-12 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for renovating zoology in lakeshore zone |
| CN103359886A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-10-23 | 南京大学 | Comprehensive technology for ecological restoration of low-pollution river water |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107265647A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-10-20 | 江西省水利科学研究院 | It is a kind of to temper the method that submerged plant extends ability |
| CN107265647B (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2021-01-08 | 江西省水利科学研究院 | Method for training elongation capacity of submerged plant |
| WO2018162741A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2018-09-13 | Elements Works Srl | Modular agriculture system |
| CN106745792A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉中科水生环境工程股份有限公司 | A kind of submerged plant restoration methods |
| CN107804916A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-03-16 | 博元生态修复（北京）有限公司 | Ecosystem construction method in a kind of water body |
| CN110150130A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-23 | 重庆市十八土鑫诚灌浆防水工程有限公司 | A kind of technique of deep water planting |
| CN110422931A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-08 | 江苏山水环境建设集团股份有限公司 | River corridor restoration system construction method |
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| CN105130000B (en) | 2017-08-08 |
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