CN107382429A - A kind of culture medium for being used to produce mushroom and the method for producing mushroom - Google Patents
A kind of culture medium for being used to produce mushroom and the method for producing mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN107382429A CN107382429A CN201710800230.XA CN201710800230A CN107382429A CN 107382429 A CN107382429 A CN 107382429A CN 201710800230 A CN201710800230 A CN 201710800230A CN 107382429 A CN107382429 A CN 107382429A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of culture medium for being used to produce mushroom and the method for producing mushroom, it is related to Lentnus edodes technical field.Culture medium provided by the present invention for producing mushroom, increases the yield of mushroom from the angle of formula, adds Mg in the medium2+, contain 2 4g Mg per Kg culture mediums2+.Lentnus edodes are carried out using the culture medium, are greatly improved the bacterium germination speed of mycelia in Lentnus edodes, shorten mycelium growing period, improve the biological transformation ratio of production, improve mushroom production and quality, helps to increase the income of the producer, has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Lentnus edodes technical field, in particular to a kind of culture medium and life for being used to produce mushroom
The method for producing mushroom.
Background technology
National 3476.15 ten thousand tons of edible mushroom total output in 2015,2516.38 hundred million yuan of the output value, wherein mushroom production reaches
766.66 ten thousand tons, account for the 22.1% of China's edible mushroom yield, account for more than 9 one-tenth of global mushroom total amount, the output value up to more than 1,100 hundred million, from
Industry personnel have more than 1,000 ten thousand, are most wide China's producing region, total yield highest, influence maximum edible mushroom, while are also in the world
Second largest cultivation species.With increasingly raising of the domestic and international consumption market to mushroom degree of recognition, the market demand of mushroom expands year by year
Greatly, and in recent years the mushroom marketing fresh market in the city such as Shanghai, Beijing was gradually ripe, and mushroom consumption market is consumed by single dry product
Fresh goods and dry product two-stage consumption market are gradually developed into market, and mushroom industry has wide development space.
Before more than 800 years, the Wu Sangong in Qingyuan County Longyan village has invented " log cuts colored method " mushroom culture technology, I
State's Zhejiang Province's dragon's fountain, Qingyuan, working people's artificial mushroom culture in remote, thickly forested mountains always of Jing Ningyi bands.30 years last century
In generation, Japan successfully turns out pure culture and is used for segment wood cultivated mushroom.China starts the spy of the pure mycelium inoculation technology of mushroom afterwards
Rope, Shanghai Agricultural experiment station friend Chen Mei successfully develops the pure mycelia of mushroom within 1956, is waited over yellow year afterwards with spore separation and group
Separating making success wood sawdust pure culture is knitted, the wide China of Central-South fungal studies room sieve section wood pure culture inocalation method on probation succeeds,
Pure mycelia seeding technique is in 70 generation ends to the beginning of the eighties in national large-scale promotion.
The beginning of the eighties, Gutian County great Jia townshiies peasant Peng Zhaowang are opened on the basis of the cultivation of wood chip briquetting by plastic bag cultivation white fungus
Hair, generation material mushroom cultivation is studied successfully.1988, Qingyuan County Wu Ke pastures, Wu Xueqian etc. were low in being obtained through systematic breeding
In ripe generation, expects mushroom new strains 241-4 to warm type late, gropes to sum up a whole set of spring planting mushroom technology, has greatly promoted national generation to expect
The development of mushroom.The middle and later periods eighties to the nineties, China scientific research personnel pass through unremitting effort, successfully grasp generation material flower mushroom cultivation
Technology, promote mushroom quality lifting, suitably formed this period the kind of flower mushroom have " 135 ", " 241 ", " 241-4 ",
" 9015 " etc..Successfully select that " celebrating section 20 ", " celebrating section 212 " etc. is excellent after the science of edible fungus Technical Research Center of Qingyuan County again
Well-known kind.
At the beginning of the nineties in last century, Edible Fungus Inst., Shanghai Academy of Agriculture is in system research Heterokaryotic mushroom
On the basis of Protoplasting preparation phenomenon and protoplast monocaryon genetic development, propose and establish first in the world with
Protoplast monocaryon is the mushroom crossbreeding new method of material, and establishes corresponding technical program.The institute is using only
Hybridization and single two-hybrid method have selected the fragrant system in the Shen such as " Shen Xiang 8 ", " Shen Xiang 10 ", " Shen Xiang 16 ", " Shen Xiang 18 "
Row strain.
With China's mushroom industry " southern mushroom is moved northward " implementation, mushroom producing region constantly extends from south to north, growing surface
Product constantly expands, and new technology, new model continue to bring out.Mushroom industry turns into the ground agricultures such as Zhejiang, Hubei, Fujian, Henan, Hebei
The pillar industry helped already, the application of various regions main breed and supporting technology have promoted the rapid development of industry.
The development of China's mushroom industry is by continuous seed selection, the lasting research and development of cultivation technique of new varieties, the per unit area yield of mushroom
There is the development advanced by leaps and bounds with total output, cultural area also constantly expands.
But existing mushroom production is in decades without big breakthrough, how in the constant feelings of cultivated area and cost of labor
Output is improved under condition, the purpose for reaching upgrading synergy is the emphasis of industry practitioner concern.
In consideration of it, special propose the present invention.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of it is used to producing the culture medium of mushroom, medium optimization Lentnus edodes
Formula, the bacterium germination speed of mycelia in Lentnus edodes can be improved, shorten mycelium growing period, improve the biological transformation ratio of production, improved fragrant
Mushroom yield and quality adds the income of the producer, has a good application prospect.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for producing mushroom, this method is given birth to using above-mentioned culture medium
Mushroom is produced, there is the features such as bacterium germination speed is fast, mycelium growing period is short, obtained mushroom production and high quality.
What the present invention was realized in：
A kind of culture medium for being used to produce mushroom, based on every Kg, the culture medium contains：2-4gMg2+。
A kind of method for producing mushroom, it uses the above-mentioned culture medium production mushroom for being used to produce mushroom.
The invention has the advantages that：
Culture medium provided by the present invention for producing mushroom, increases the yield of mushroom from the angle of formula, is cultivating
Mg is added in base2+, per Kg culture mediums Mg containing 2-4g2+.Lentnus edodes are carried out using the culture medium, bacterium in Lentnus edodes can be improved
The bacterium germination speed of silk, shorten mycelium growing period, improve the biological transformation ratio of production, improve mushroom production and quality adds the producer
Income, have a good application prospect.
And the method for production mushroom provided by the invention, this has hair using above-mentioned culture medium production mushroom, this method
Bacterium speed is fast, mycelium growing period is short, the features such as obtained mushroom production and high quality.
Embodiment
, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.Unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer in embodiment
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, it is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
The method of a kind of culture medium for being used to produce mushroom and production mushroom of the embodiment of the present invention is carried out specifically below
Explanation.
On the one hand, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of culture medium for being used to produce mushroom, based on every Kg, culture medium contains
Have：2-4g Mg2+。
The formula of cultivating champignon continues up conventional formulation, in decades without big breakthrough.Prior art is generally from kind
Plant on area to improve mushroom production, how from the angle of formula to increase the yield of mushroom, in cultivated area and cost of labor
Mushroom output is improved in the case of constant, is that prior art is never reported.
Based on this, the present invention increases the yield of mushroom from the angle of formula first, adds Mg in the medium2+, per Kg
Culture medium Mg containing 2-4g2+.Lentnus edodes are carried out using the culture medium, the bacterium germination speed of mycelia in Lentnus edodes can be improved, are shortened
Mycelium growing period, the biological transformation ratio of production is improved, realize and mushroom production is improved in the case where cultivated area and cost of labor are constant
Go out, increase the income of the producer, it has a good application prospect.
It should be noted that in some other embodiments, based on every Kg, culture medium can be containing 2g Mg2+、
2.5g Mg2+、3g Mg2+、3.5g Mg2+Either 4g Mg2+.As long as it is in 2-4g scope.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, based on every Kg, culture medium contains：38-42Kg wood chips, 8-
10Kg wheat brans and 0.8-1.2Kg gypsum.
Preferably, in some embodiments of the present invention, wood chip is hardwood.
It should be noted that wood chip, wheat bran, gypsum are commercially available product.
It should be noted that in some other embodiments, based on every Kg, culture medium can be containing 38,39,40,
41 or 42Kg wood chips.As long as based on every Kg culture mediums, the scope of its wood chip contained is in 38-42Kg.
It should be noted that in some other embodiments, based on every Kg, culture medium can be containing 8,8.5,9,
9.5 or 10Kg wheat brans.As long as based on every Kg culture mediums, the scope of its wheat bran contained is in 8-10Kg.
It should be noted that in some other embodiments, based on every Kg, culture medium can be containing 0.8,0.9,
1.0th, 1.1 or 1.2Kg gypsum.Based on every Kg culture mediums, the scope of its gypsum contained is in 0.8-1.2Kg.
Preferably, in some embodiments of the present invention, based on every Kg, culture medium contains：40Kg wood chips, 9Kg wheat brans
And 1Kg gypsum.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the water content of culture medium is 48-51%.
Preferably, in some embodiments of the present invention, the water content of culture medium is 50%.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, Mg2+With MgSO4·7H2O forms are added to culture medium.Need
Illustrate it is Mg2+It may also be with MgCl2Form is added in culture medium.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, CaSO is also added with culture medium4, CaSO4With CaSO4·
2H2O forms are added to the culture medium, and based on every Kg, CaSO is contained in culture medium4·2H2O 67-69g。
CaSO4·2H2O addition can be addition 67g, 68g or 69g in every Kg culture mediums, as long as in 67-69g model
Enclose.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of method for producing mushroom, it uses the training for being used to produce mushroom as above
Support base production mushroom.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, method includes：
Pack sterilization steps：Culture medium is packed, bacteria stick is made, bacteria stick is placed in normal pressure, protected under the conditions of 98 DEG C~100 DEG C
Hold 16-20 hours.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, inoculation step：Bacteria stick after packing sterilization steps is cold
But to less than 28 DEG C, will be seeded to for producing the strain of mushroom in the inoculation hole in bacteria stick, bagging sealing.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, a diameter of 1.3-1.5cm of inoculation hole, depth 2-
2.5cm。
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, method also includes：
Bacterium germination step：Bacteria stick after inoculation is placed in into bacterium germination room to stack, carries out nature bacterium germination.
It should be noted that a bag fruiting can be taken off by reaching cell age requirement after bacteria stick sends out full bacterium, annesl.
The feature and performance of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The method for the production mushroom that the present embodiment provides, it comprises the following steps：
1 prepares culture medium
Wood chip 80Kg, wheat bran 18Kg and gypsum 2Kg are weighed, as compost, then weighs 41g MgSO4·7H2O is molten
In 100Kg water, compost is added to the water, mixed, pH is naturally, produce for the culture medium for producing mushroom (per Kg culture mediums
Contain 2g Mg2+)。
Wherein, based on every Kg, culture medium contains：40Kg wood chips, 18Kg wheat brans and 1Kg gypsum.
2 pack sterilizings
The culture medium as made from above-mentioned steps is packed, makes bacteria stick, the charge and work loading height per rod keep one
Cause；
Normal-pressure sterilization, kept for 20 hours, cooled down after sterilizing using natural heat dissipation, material temperature in bacteria stick after cooling at 100 DEG C
Degree is used to be inoculated with after dropping to less than 28 DEG C；
Before inoculation, unilateral to each bacteria stick to beat inoculation hole 3, a diameter of 1.5cm or so, depth is 2~2.5cm.
3 inoculations
After the bacteria stick after packing sterilization steps is cooled to below 28 DEG C, by strain (the mushroom Shen for producing mushroom
Fragrant 215 strains, buy from Biotechnology Co., Ltd. full of trees of Shanghai country) to fill in the inoculation hole to bacteria stick, bagging seals after compacting
Mouthful to prevent from polluting.
4 bacterium germination cultures
Bacteria stick after inoculation is arranged in groined type, 7 layers are stacked per heap, bacterium germination greenhouse (i.e. bacterium germination room) is put into and carries out nature
Bacterium germination, the operation such as acanthopore and turning is carried out during bacterium germination in the usual way.
5 fruitings
A bag fruiting can be taken off by reaching cell age requirement after bacteria stick sends out full bacterium, annesl.
6 bacterium germination effects
The mycelial growth rate (mycelia walks the bacterium distance/time) of the present embodiment, (the mushroom production in each bacteria stick of single rod yield
Amount), single mushroom weight and be shown in Table 1 per ear of maize entity number.
Embodiment 2
The method for the production mushroom that the present embodiment provides, it comprises the following steps：
1 prepares culture medium
Wood chip 80Kg, wheat bran 18Kg and gypsum 2Kg are weighed, as compost, then weighs 82g MgSO4·7H2O is molten
In 100Kg water, compost is added to the water, mixed, pH is naturally, produce for the culture medium for producing mushroom (per Kg culture mediums
Contain 4g Mg2+)。
2 pack sterilizings
The culture medium as made from above-mentioned steps is packed, makes bacteria stick, the charge and work loading height per rod keep one
Cause；
Normal-pressure sterilization, kept for 20 hours, cooled down after sterilizing using natural heat dissipation, material temperature in bacteria stick after cooling at 100 DEG C
Degree is used to be inoculated with after dropping to less than 28 DEG C；
Before inoculation, unilateral to each bacteria stick to beat inoculation hole 3, a diameter of 1.5cm or so, depth is 2~2.5cm.
3 inoculations
After the bacteria stick after packing sterilization steps is cooled to below 28 DEG C, it will be filled in for producing the strain of mushroom to bacterium
In inoculation hole on rod, bagging is sealed to prevent from polluting after compacting.
4 bacterium germination cultures
Bacteria stick after inoculation is arranged in groined type, 7 layers are stacked per heap, bacterium germination greenhouse (i.e. bacterium germination room) is put into and carries out nature
Bacterium germination, the operation such as acanthopore and turning is carried out during bacterium germination in the usual way.
5 fruitings
A bag fruiting can be taken off by reaching cell age requirement after bacteria stick sends out full bacterium, annesl.
6 bacterium germination effects
The mycelial growth rate, single rod yield, single mushroom weight and every ear of maize entity number of the present embodiment are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
The method for the production mushroom that the present embodiment provides, it comprises the following steps：
1 prepares culture medium
Wood chip 80Kg, wheat bran 18Kg and gypsum 2Kg are weighed, as compost, then weighs 68g CaSO4·2H2O is molten
In 100Kg water, compost is added to the water, mixed, pH is naturally, produce the culture medium for producing mushroom.
Remaining step is the same as real embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The method for the production mushroom that the present embodiment provides, it comprises the following steps：
1 prepares culture medium
Wood chip 80Kg, wheat bran 18Kg and gypsum 2Kg are weighed, as compost, then weighs 41g MgSO4·7H2O and
68g CaSO4·2H2O is dissolved in 100Kg water, and compost is added to the water, and is mixed, pH is naturally, produce the training for producing mushroom
Support base.
Remaining step is the same as real embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
The method for the production mushroom that the present embodiment provides, it comprises the following steps：
1 prepares culture medium
Wood chip 80Kg, wheat bran 18Kg and gypsum 2Kg are weighed, as compost, then weighs 82g MgSO4·7H2O and
68g CaSO4·2H2O is dissolved in 100Kg water, and compost is added to the water, and is mixed, pH is naturally, produce the training for producing mushroom
Support base.
Remaining step is the same as real embodiment 1.
Comparative example
The method for the production mushroom that this comparative example provides, it comprises the following steps：
1 prepares culture medium
Wood chip 80Kg, wheat bran 18Kg and gypsum 2Kg are weighed, as compost, compost is added in 100Kg water, mixed
Even, pH is naturally, produce the culture medium for being used to produce mushroom of comparative example.
Remaining step is the same as embodiment 1.
Compared with Example 1, this comparative example difference is, Mg is not contained in used culture medium2+, remaining same embodiment
1。
Influence result of the method for the production mushroom that table 1 is provided using embodiment 1-5 to mushroom growth
Note：Lowercase represents significant difference, P in table<0.05；Each 3 repetitions of processing, each repeat 100 bags of bacteria sticks.
As can be seen from Table 1, embodiment 1-5 single mycelial growth rate and rod yield is above contrasting, especially embodiment 2
Single rod yield highest (reaching (826 ± 18) g).Thus illustrate, can show after adding calcium ion and/or magnesium ion in the medium
The mushroom production improved in the mushroom mycelium speed of growth and single bacteria stick is write, is realized constant in cultivated area and cost of labor
In the case of improve mushroom output, increase the income of the producer.
Above-mentioned as shown by data, provided by the present invention for producing the culture medium of mushroom with using culture medium production mushroom
Method, by adding calcium ion and/or magnesium ion in the medium, improve the bacterium germination speed of mycelia in Lentnus edodes, single rod production
Amount, realize the purpose that mushroom output is improved in the case where cultivated area and cost of labor are constant.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of culture medium for being used to produce mushroom, it is characterised in that based on every Kg, the culture medium contains：2-4g Mg2+。
2. the culture medium according to claim 1 for being used to produce mushroom, it is characterised in that based on every Kg, the culture medium
Contain：38-42Kg wood chips, 8-10Kg wheat brans and 0.8-1.2Kg gypsum.
3. according to claim 2 be used to produce the culture medium of mushroom, it is characterised in that the water content of the culture medium is
48-51%.
4. the culture medium for being used to produce mushroom according to any one of claim 1-3, Mg2+With MgSO4·7H2O forms add
Enter to the culture medium.
5. being used to produce the culture medium of mushroom according to any one of claim 1-3, also it is added with the culture medium
CaSO4, CaSO4With CaSO4·2H2O forms are added to the culture medium, based on every Kg, contain CaSO in the culture medium4·
2H2O 67-69g。
A kind of 6. method for producing mushroom, it is characterised in that its use any one of claim 1-5 be used for produce perfume (or spice)
The culture medium production mushroom of mushroom.
7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Pack sterilization steps：The culture medium is packed, bacteria stick is made, the bacteria stick is placed in normal pressure, 98 DEG C~100 DEG C conditions
Lower holding 16-20 hours.
8. according to the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：
Inoculation step：The bacteria stick after the pack sterilization steps is cooled to less than 28 DEG C, by for producing mushroom
Strain is seeded in the inoculation hole in the bacteria stick, bagging sealing.
9. according to the method for claim 8, it is characterised in that a diameter of 1.3-1.5cm of the inoculation hole, depth 2-
2.5cm。
10. according to the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：
Bacterium germination step：The bacteria stick after inoculation is placed in into bacterium germination room to stack, carries out nature bacterium germination.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110904262A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-24 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for creating nucleoplasm hybrid of shiitake mushroom cultivation strain by using cytoplasm and nucleus molecular markers |
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