CN107211712A - Corn intercrop soybean solid composite plant method - Google Patents
Corn intercrop soybean solid composite plant method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107211712A CN107211712A CN201710556264.9A CN201710556264A CN107211712A CN 107211712 A CN107211712 A CN 107211712A CN 201710556264 A CN201710556264 A CN 201710556264A CN 107211712 A CN107211712 A CN 107211712A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three-dimensional composite plant method of corn intercrop soybean, from Wide-adaptive, short bar, resistance to shade, suitable high yielding soybeans kind of resistant to lodging, breeding time and compact, resistance to close, disease-resistant, high-quality, the corn variety of high yield；Mechanical rotary tillage is raked the soil level before sowing, has made soil moisture, is sowed when 5~10cm of upper soll layer ground temperature stabilization is more than 10 DEG C；Date of seeding is April 15~25, precision drilling of being selected a time with the integral seeder of the corn soybeans of 2BMZJ 4；Using making to configure between the three-dimensional row ratio of composite plant 2: 2 between corn soybean, wide, narrow row is planted；Mechanical harvest in good time.The present invention spatially realizes the intensive planting type of plantation, Edge advantages have been played to greatest extent, and form, the differences of Physiological for taking full advantage of soya corn are complementary, and luminous energy is effectively utilized, soil nutrient and efficiency of water application are improved, so as to improve the output efficiency of unit area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of three-dimensional composite plant method of corn intercrop soybean.
Background technology
Irrigation Area of Ningxia sunlight-heat reaources enrich, fertile soil, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and frost-free period is long, and agricultural natural resource coordinates preferable,
Extremely advantageous condition is provided to make three-dimensional composite plant between development corn soybean.Develop the three-dimensional aggregate species of work between corn soybean
It is significant in terms of planting to support area and national food security.
At present, due to make between corn soybean three-dimensional composite plant cultivation technique in process of production planting household it is random compared with
Greatly, the line-spacing and spacing in the rows made between corn soybean lack specification, plant lack of standardization；The variety type for making to arrange in pairs or groups between corn soybean does not conform to
It is suitable；Soybean serious lodging, two yield and output values made are low, and corn and soybean coordinates volume increase function and fails cmpletely effectively to play.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of three-dimensional composite plant method of corn intercrop soybean, spatially
The intensive planting type of plantation is realized, Edge advantages have been played to greatest extent, form, the physiology of soya corn is taken full advantage of
Difference-complementary, luminous energy is effectively utilized, and improves soil nutrient and efficiency of water application, so as to improve the output effect of unit area
Rate.In agricultural sector structure adjustment upgrading synergy, realize that nutrition efficient is utilized under chemical fertilizer zero growth rate, is increased corn soybean
The popularization and application for making three-dimensional composite plant key technology are particularly important.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme taken of the present invention is：
Corn intercrop soybean solid composite plant method, comprises the following steps：
S1, kind selection
From Wide-adaptive, short bar, resistance to shade, suitable high yielding soybeans kind of resistant to lodging, breeding time；Such as：Middle yellow 30, it is peaceful yellow
The kinds such as 248；From compact, resistance to close, disease-resistant, high-quality, the corn variety of high yield；Such as：The first jade 335 of the middle resistance to close kind of high bar, Zheng
Single kind such as 958 grades or big fringe thin planting kind Shen Dan 16.
Mechanical rotary tillage is raked the soil level before S2, sowing, has made soil moisture, below upper soll layer 5~10cm ground temperature it is stable 10 DEG C with
Sowed when upper；Date of seeding is April 15~25, precision drilling of being selected a time with the integral seeder of 2BMZJ-4 corn soybeans；
S3, using making to configure between the three-dimensional row ratio of composite plant 2: 2 between corn soybean, wide, narrow row is planted；Corn narrow row by
20~40cm in production is adjusted to 30cm at present, and wide row is adjusted to 160~170cm by 60cm~80cm；Corn soybean spacing
65~70cm；Make 190~200cm of three-dimensional composite plant breadth between corn soybean；Corn plants away from the 22cm by producing at present~
30cm is adjusted to 10~12cm；7~10cm of soybean planting spacing in the rows；Soybean is dressed seed with nitragin before sowing, per 10kg Soybean Species
Seed mixes soybean rhizobium inoculant 150mL, with mixing with drying in the shade to sow.
S4, soybean initial bloom stage and branching stage spray 100mg/L+ soybean full-bloom stages and spray 150mg/L5% uniconazole P wettables
Pulvis, changes control anti-down；
S5, machinery are harvested in good time
When soybean stalk is in brown color, there is 90% to be completely fallen off with blade, in pod seed depart from pod wall, shake when have
Sound, is the best period of soybean harvest, and soybean is harvested with 4LZ-1.0 types soybean combine；When bracteal leaf of corn turns yellowish-white
After timely mechanical harvest corn when color, seed embryo portion are hardened, late September, soybean harvest, by the end of September to harvesting corn at the beginning of 10 months.
The invention has the advantages that：
The intensive planting type of plantation is spatially realized, Edge advantages have been played to greatest extent, is taken full advantage of big
Form, the differences of Physiological of beans corn are complementary, and luminous energy is effectively utilized, and soil nutrient and efficiency of water application is improved, so as to improve
The output efficiency of unit area.Expand line-spacing and reduce spacing in the rows, space layout is changed, land utilization ratio is improved.Wide,
Narrow row is planted, and is added ventilation and penetrating light space, is improved the efficiency of light energy utilization.Larger growth belt spacing makes the plant of corn 100%
Strain is in side row, and edge effect is obvious.Make three-dimensional composite plant liquid manure between corn soybean to utilize under mutual supplement with each other's advantages, chemical fertilizer zero growth rate
Nutrition efficient is utilized, and reduces soil pollution and waste, and chemical fertilizer utilization rate is improved, economic benefit increase.Compact corn
Resistance to close potentiality be mined, the unique advantage of resistance to shady type soybean is played.Make the phase of three-dimensional composite plant between corn soybean
Mutual barrier action reduces pest and disease damage and spread, extent of injury reduction.Entire mechanization degree is high, and saving of work and time, technology is simplified, and imitates
It is beneficial notable.
Embodiment
In order that objects and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, the present invention is carried out with reference to embodiments further
Describe in detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to limit this hair
It is bright.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of three-dimensional composite plant method of corn intercrop soybean, comprise the following steps：
S1, kind selection
From Wide-adaptive, short bar, resistance to shade, suitable high yielding soybeans kind of resistant to lodging, breeding time；Such as：Middle yellow 30, it is peaceful yellow
The kinds such as 248；From compact, resistance to close, disease-resistant, high-quality, the corn variety of high yield；Such as：The first jade 335 of the middle resistance to close kind of high bar, Zheng
Single kind such as 958 grades or big fringe thin planting kind Shen Dan 16.
Mechanical rotary tillage is raked the soil level before S2, sowing, has made soil moisture, when 5~10cm of upper soll layer ground temperature stabilization is more than 10 DEG C
Sowing；Date of seeding is April 15~25, precision drilling of being selected a time with the integral seeder of 2BMZJ-4 corn soybeans；
S3, using making to configure between the three-dimensional row ratio of composite plant 2: 2 between corn soybean, wide, narrow row is planted；Corn narrow row by
For 30cm, wide row is 160~170cm；65~70cm of corn soybean spacing；Make three-dimensional composite plant breadth 190 between corn soybean
~200cm；Corn plants are away from for 10~12cm；7~10cm of soybean planting spacing in the rows；Soybean is dressed seed with nitragin before sowing, often
10kg soybean seeds mix soybean rhizobium inoculant 150mL, with mixing with drying in the shade to sow；It is three-dimensional multiple using making between corn soybean
2: 2 rows of plantation are closed than configuration, wide, narrow row plantation.Make three-dimensional composite plant between corn soybean and give full play to long-stalked crop corn
Edge advantages, add soybean acreage and yield while not influenceing or having little effect on corn yield.Performance analysis
Show, make three-dimensional composite plant between corn soybean and increase income 5310 yuan/hm than single corn2, than single soybean increase income 6675 yuan/
hm2, increasing both production and income synergy remarkable demonstration effect.
S4, soybean initial bloom stage and branching stage spray 100mg/L+ soybean full-bloom stages and spray 150mg/L5% uniconazole P wettables
Pulvis, changes control anti-down；
S5, machinery are harvested in good time
When soybean stalk is in brown color, there is 90% to be completely fallen off with blade, in pod seed depart from pod wall, shake when have
Sound, is the best period of soybean harvest, and soybean is harvested with 4LZ-1.0 types soybean combine；When bracteal leaf of corn turns yellowish-white
After timely mechanical harvest corn when color, seed embryo portion are hardened, late September, soybean harvest, by the end of September to harvesting corn at the beginning of 10 months.
Embodiment
Since " 12 ", national Soybean Industry technical system Yinchuan compbined test station is stood between having carried out corn soybean
The series of studies such as the screening of bluk recombination varieties of plant, chemical regulation, Population disposition, work is three-dimensional compound between filtering out suitable corn soybean
Plant Huang 30 in new varieties (being), the peaceful yellow kinds such as 248, and for years multiple spot Ningxia Pingluo, Helan, Yongning, in it is peaceful, in
Defend, the cities and counties such as Qingtongxia have carried out experiment and demonstration.In recent years annual demonstration area is in 30~50hm2.The beautiful row ratio of beans 2: 2 is matched somebody with somebody within 2013
Put, wide, narrow row plantation demonstration area 25.3hm2, corn average product 12895.5kg/hm2, maximum output 13149kg/hm2, compared with
Production of Large Fields averagely increases production 300kg/hm2, make 1200~1590kg/hm of soybean yields2, 7500 yuan/hm of increase income2Left and right.
Whole district's demonstration area reaches 53.3hm within 20142, core displaying demonstration area area 41.5hm2, corn average product 12795kg/
hm2, soybean average product 1500kg/hm2, two make total yield 14295kg/hm2, 26472 yuan/hm of average output value2.Survey production point
Analysis result shows, makees three-dimensional composite plant soybean average product 1830kg/hm between the seed farm corn soybean of Ningxia2, high yield field
Soybean average product 2100kg/hm2, corn yield 11700kg/hm2；Yongning, Pingluo demonstration county corn yield 12000~
13500kg/hm2, 1200~1500kg/hm of soybean yields2.Make three-dimensional composite plant production demonstration input and output between corn soybean
Benefit comparison result, corn average product 12795kg/hm2, soybean average product 1500kg/hm2, two make total yield
14295kg/hm2, 26475 yuan/hm of average output value2.Performance analysis shows, makees three-dimensional composite plant between corn soybean beautifulr than single
5310 yuan/hm of meter Zeng Shou2, 6675 yuan/hm is increased income than single soybean2, increasing both production and income synergy remarkable demonstration effect.
2014 Nian9Yue expert groups are carried out making three-dimensional composite plant cultivation mode model field the corn soybean of Ningxia Helan County
Production is surveyed on the spot, is as a result shown, 55245 fringes of corn number of productive ear/hm2, average grain number per spike 574, mass of 1000 kernel 370g, average product
11733kg/hm2；The effective 97380 plants/hm of strain number of soybean2, average strain grain number 90,100-grain weight 21g, average product 1840.5kg/
hm2.Make three-dimensional hundred mu of demonstration sections of composite plant through being determined to core demonstration area, between the corn soybean of Ningxia Zhongning County, soybean has
Imitate 165000 plants/hm of strain number2, strain grain number 52, average product 1710kg/hm2, 73695 plants/hm of Corn Densities2, grain number per spike 571
Grain, average product 13470kg；Make three-dimensional hundred mu of demonstration sections of composite plant, the effective strain of soybean between Zhongweiof Ningxia, northwest China city corn soybean
129000 plants/hm of number2, strain grain number 56, average product 1440kg/hm2, 71415 plants/hm of Corn Densities2, grain number per spike 619,
Average product 14145kg/hm2。
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. corn intercrop soybean solid composite plant method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, kind selection
From Wide-adaptive, short bar, resistance to shade, suitable high yielding soybeans kind of resistant to lodging, breeding time；From it is compact, resistance to it is close, disease-resistant,
The corn variety of high-quality, high yield；
Mechanical rotary tillage is raked the soil level before S2, sowing, has made soil moisture, when 5~10cm ground temperature stabilization is more than 10 DEG C below upper soll layer
Sowing；Date of seeding is April 15~25, precision drilling of being selected a time with the integral seeder of 2BMZJ-4 corn soybeans；
S3, using making to configure between the three-dimensional row ratio of composite plant 2: 2 between corn soybean, wide, narrow row is planted；Corn narrow row by for
30cm, wide row is 160~170cm；65~70cm of corn soybean spacing；Make between corn soybean three-dimensional composite plant breadth 190~
200cm；Corn plants are away from for 10~12cm；7~10cm of soybean planting spacing in the rows；
S4, soybean initial bloom stage and branching stage spray 100mg/L+ soybean full-bloom stages and spray 150mg/L5% uniconazole P wettable powders
Agent, changes control anti-down；
S5, machinery are harvested in good time
When soybean stalk is in brown color, there is 90% to be completely fallen off with blade, in pod seed depart from pod wall, shake when have sound
Sound, is the best period of soybean harvest, and soybean is harvested with 4LZ-1.0 types soybean combine；When bracteal leaf of corn become yellow-white,
Seed embryo portion timely mechanical harvest corn when being hardened.
2. the three-dimensional composite plant method of corn intercrop soybean as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that soybean root before sowing
Knurl microbial inoculum is dressed seed, and mixes soybean rhizobium inoculant 150mL per 10kg soybean seeds, with mixing with drying in the shade to sow.
3. the three-dimensional composite plant method of corn intercrop soybean as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that late September, soybean is received
After obtaining, by the end of September to harvesting corn at the beginning of 10 months.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109220638A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of planting of sweet corn cultural method |
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| US6631585B1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2003-10-14 | Marvin J. Williams, Jr. | Intercropping process |
| CN102640657A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-08-22 | 四川农业大学 | Integral fertilization method for corn and soybean relay intercropping |
| CN103262740A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-28 | 四川农业大学 | Planting method for corn-soybean strip intercropping |
| CN105191654A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2015-12-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Intercropping cultivation method of corn and rice beans |
| CN105210652A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The cultivation method of a kind of corn and mung bean intercropping |
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2017
- 2017-06-23 CN CN201710556264.9A patent/CN107211712A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6631585B1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2003-10-14 | Marvin J. Williams, Jr. | Intercropping process |
| CN102640657A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-08-22 | 四川农业大学 | Integral fertilization method for corn and soybean relay intercropping |
| CN103262740A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-28 | 四川农业大学 | Planting method for corn-soybean strip intercropping |
| CN105191654A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2015-12-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Intercropping cultivation method of corn and rice beans |
| CN105210652A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The cultivation method of a kind of corn and mung bean intercropping |
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| CN109220638A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of planting of sweet corn cultural method |
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Application publication date: 20170929 |