CN105210652A - The cultivation method of a kind of corn and mung bean intercropping - Google Patents
The cultivation method of a kind of corn and mung bean intercropping Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A cultivation method for corn and mung bean intercropping, relates to the cultivation method of a kind of corn and mung bean.To solve that existing corn, mung bean implantation methods light, thermal resource underutilization, soil nutrient elements unbalanced depletion, crop yield are low, the problem of deficiency in economic performance.Method: one, meticulous wholely; Two, improved seeds are selected; Three, rational close planting; Four, the field layout of corn and mung bean intercropping culture method; Five, science field management; Six, gather in the crops in good time.The present invention changes traditional little line-spacing planting patterns, is adopted as wide-narrow row planting cultivation mode, narrow row Row spacing of maize 30cm, and wide interline plants two row mung beans, optimizes the configuration of crop in field, forms " wide-narrow-wide " alternatively distributed horizontal layout.When keeping the corn not underproduction, per hectare can increase mung bean output 1000 ~ 1300 kilograms, significantly improves output and the benefit of crop in unit are.For proportion of crop planting field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of corn and mung bean.
Background technology
Corn is the second largest crop of China, and long-term cultivated area remains on about 2,400 ten thousand hectares, occupies second place of the world, in guarantee national food security, played important function.Jilin Province is that the main product of corn one of is economized, and have very important status, its unit yield during the corn of China produces, the aspects such as gross annual output amount, commodity amount, processing capacity all occupy the leading place in the whole country, for ensureing that national food security has done outstanding contributions.
Mung bean belongs to pulse family, Papillionoideae, and Wen Xiguang is barren-resistant in happiness, is suitable for planting in arid area.Mung bean purposes is wide, be grain, dish, medicine, raise dual-purpose crop, be described as " green pearl " in grain, and rich in nutritive value, according to analyze the content of its protein be wheat, millet, corn and Chinese sorghum 2 ~ 3 times, contained essential amino acid and mineral salt amount are all significantly higher than other cereal.Mung bean is that people live one of required food sources, and demand increases day by day.
Current, under common cultivation pattern, corn and mung bean adopt the planting patterns of nonoculture continuous cropping or crop rotation substantially, and the long-term continuous cropping of crop can cause soil physical property significantly to worsen, and are unfavorable for the growth of same origin.Such as, in Jilin Province of China " gold " corn belt, the time limit of continuous corn cropping reaches 20 years, and part reaches 30 years, and produced serious continuous cropping obstacle, outstanding behaviours exists: 1. damage by disease and insect increases the weight of; 2. soil secondary salinization and acidifying; 3. plant Auto toxicity 4. nutrient balance destruction, ecological environment of soil worsens; 5. affect the marketing quality of crop, also govern the raising of output simultaneously.
Yield two crops a year or 2 years three cultivated land districts in the North China Plain, the implantation methods of many employings nonoculture or crop rotation, no matter be that Nian Yishu district, northeast one or Huang-Huai-Hai Duo Shu district all adopt little line-spacing implantation methods, the Planting Row Distance of corn mostly is 58 ~ 65cm, mung bean 30 ~ 40cm, and the nonoculture of little line-spacing same origin, blade is mutual serious shielding spatially, especially the high large-scale crop of milpa, to natural resources and soil moisture between late growth stage individuality, the intensified competition of nutrient, easy generation early ageing, seriously constrain building up and agriculture light of seed, the utilization ratio of the resources such as heat.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve that existing corn, mung bean implantation methods light, thermal resource underutilization, soil nutrient elements unbalanced depletion, crop yield are low, the problem of deficiency in economic performance, provides the cultivation method of a kind of corn and mung bean intercropping.
The cultivation method of corn of the present invention and mung bean intercropping, comprises the following steps:
One, meticulous wholely: before sowing, require the thin rake of deep ploughing, lump of earth of raking, makes loosing soil, broadcasts rear timely suppression, forms soil structures real under tightening middle void, retains and conserve soil moisture, and is beneficial to that seedling is neat, Miao Zhuan, disposablely saves seedling from damage;
Two, improved seeds are selected: corn selects that high-quality, high yield, stable yields, disease-resistant, pest-resistant, lodging tolerance are strong, High planting and the good variety type of commodity; Mung bean should according to the natural conditions of locality, soil fertility and commodity value, selects the improved seeds of erect type, resistance to close, high yield, good stress resistance;
Three, rational close planting: rational close planting is the usefulness giving full play to soil, fertilizer, water, light, gas, heat, by regulating the relation in unit are between individual and group, make ontogeny healthy and strong, population growth is coordinated, and reaches the object of high yield; Select the strong corn variety of High planting, density of keeping a full stand of seedings is 6.5 ~ 7.0 ten thousand strains/hectare, and mung bean is kept a full stand of seedings density 10.5 ~ 120,000 strains/hectare;
Four, the field layout of corn and mung bean intercropping culture method: in the layout of field, plot is made up of multiple " corn/mung bean construction unit ", each construction unit is made up of a narrow row and a wide row, and described narrow row width is 30cm, and narrow row plants two row corns, described wide line width is 100cm, plant two row mung beans at wide interline, line-spacing 40cm is (as Fig. 1, X represent one " corn/mung bean construction unit ", A is narrow row, and B is wide row); This cultivation mode, according to long-stalked crops corn and short-stalked crop mung bean to the difference of photo-thermal demand, spacing in the rows is reduced by suitably increasing line-spacing, optimize the field layout of crop, decrease blocking of blade, improve in the ranks ventilation rate and light transmittance, better coordinate the contradiction of crop groups growth to demands such as light, gas, heat, and spatially form high level matches with low level, in picturesque disorder Farmland Landscape, for plant growth creates growing environment condition advantageously;
Five, science field management: comprise after planting look in time fill the gaps with seedlings, thinning, final singling with guarantor unit's area Population, adopt the technological means such as chemical weed control, damage by disease and insect Synthetical prevention technology, intertillage to reduce the generation of disease pest and weed; Intertillage not only can eliminate weeds, also can abolish soil compaction, chesson, reduces evaporation, improves ground temperature, promotes that root nodule is movable, is important measures of its volume increase;
Six, gather in the crops: harvest in proper late effectively can extend material integration time as an important agronomic measures, increases maize grain yield, reduces the moisture content of seed, be beneficial to storage and final-period management in good time; Mung bean can be gathered in the crops when beanpod has more than 2/3rds blackening, when general plant having the pods mature of 70% ~ 80%, should take advantage of fine day and pick in good time, otherwise, production loss can be caused because splitting pod.
In the cultivation method of above-mentioned corn and mung bean intercropping, meticulously described in step one also to comprise: after crop harvesting, remove straw in time wholely, carrying out the autumn and winter ploughs wholely, the immature soil is translated into earth's surface, through weathering, the immature soil can be become mellow soil, for the coming year, the robust growth of crops provides good environment.
In the cultivation method of above-mentioned corn and mung bean intercropping, select improved seeds also to comprise described in step 2: go deep into different ecological type growing area concentrate carry out corn/mung bean Cotton Varieties by Small Farming Households Survey and Inquiry, grasp each region and promote mainly the general performance of kind in production practices, as the High planting of kind, lodging resistance, disease resistance, yielding ability, yield stability and Regional suitability etc., filter out the resistance of applicable one's respective area ecoclimatic condition, yielding ability, the good kind of yield stability.
In the cultivation method of above-mentioned corn and mung bean intercropping, the field layout of corn described in step 3 and mung bean intercropping culture method also comprises: corn 5 ~ 10cm soil temperature stable by when 10 ~ 12 DEG C for begin date of seeding, when stablizing by 14 DEG C with 5cm degree of depth ground temperature, it it is phase beginning of spring sowing mung bean; In view of mung bean is short for breeding time, thus suitable date of seeding to be longer than corn, therefore, arrange the first seeding corn of upper available wide-and narrow-row sower at seeding time, line-spacing is 30cm, and spacing in the rows is 22.0 ~ 23.7cm; Mung bean is after corn seeding, soil water content is 30 ~ 40% of field capacity time, small-sized mung bean sower is used to carry out drilling, line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows is that 12.8 ~ 14.7cm is (as the line-spacing 30cm of Fig. 2, z1 to be the spacing in the rows 22.0 ~ 23.7cm of corn, h1 be corn, the line-spacing 40cm of z2 to be the spacing in the rows 12.8 ~ 14.7cm of mung bean, h2 be mung bean).
In the cultivation method of above-mentioned corn and mung bean intercropping, in step 5, science field management also comprises: the rational application of fertilizer: fertilization principle is based on base manure, and it is auxiliary for topdressing, and based on fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary; Chemical fertilizer total amount presses 240-150-180 (N-P
2o
5-K
2o) kg/ hectare applies, and phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer do that base fertilizer is disposable to be applied, and the ratio of the mass ratio=5:3:2 of nitrogenous fertilizer fertile in base manure, jointing in flower granulated fertilizer is carried out; Per hectare applies decomposed manure 15000 ~ 20000kg, applies before broadcasting in conjunction with whole; Topdress and want deep placement, apply degree of depth 15cm.
The inventive method is mainly based on utilizing long-stalked crops corn and the complementarity of short-stalked crop mung bean plant type on space structure, " high-low-high " space structure is formed by intercropping, and the level distribution pattern of " wide-narrow-wide ", crop groups structure is optimized, ventilation and penetrating light, is conducive to the efficiency utilization of the natural resources such as light, heat; Secondly, consider that Different Crop is to the specificity difference of Soil nutrient resources demand, and fabaceous nitrogen fixation, the lasting health that can realize Soil nutrient resources utilizes.
Under the present invention can solve current corn, mung bean cultivation method, soil nutrient elements consume unbalanced, photo-thermal Water Resources availability is low and yield level is hovered the problem such as not to increase, the output of corn and mung bean can be increased again in equal land area, thus, improve unit are crop production rate and planting benefit.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention is based on crop plant type architectural feature, crop-environment interaction effect, Spacing form optimization, agricultural ecological view, the continuable Advanced Idea of green health, fully demonstrate the modern agricultural production feature of " science, ecology, highly efficient and productive ", have simple to operate, applicability is strong, Economic and ecological effects is high, be easy to features such as accepting, the effect of increasing income is obvious.
2. the present invention is by long-stalked crops corn (plant height 250 ~ 340cm), intercropping is carried out with short-stalked crop (plant height 50 ~ 70cm) mung bean, define the space structure layout of " high-low-high ", optimize spatial distribution, be conducive to ventilation, printing opacity, this cultivation method system improves the utilization ratio to soil, moisture and photo-thermal.
3. present invention employs the planting patterns of wide-and narrow-row, narrow row Row spacing of maize 30cm, wide interline plants two row mung beans (line-spacing 40cm), optimizes the configuration of crop in field, " wide-narrow-wide " alternatively distributed horizontal layout, defines graceful Farmland Landscape.Compared with nonoculture cultivation method, the sentiment of people can be moulded, be conducive to beautiful rural construction.
4. present invention employs resistance to close, high yield, stable yields, high-quality, the improved seeds that disease-resistant, pest-resistant, lodging tolerance is strong, corn nonoculture under its planting density and common planting patterns is basically identical, when keeping the corn not underproduction, output and the income of mung bean can be increased, significantly improve output and the benefit of crop in unit are, increase production and improve productivity with the obvious advantage.
5. present invention employs the method for two kinds of crop interplantings, avoid the nutrient disappearance single absorption of soil nutrient caused under the long-term continuous cropping of monocrop, be conducive to soil ecology functional rehabilitation; On the other hand, this intercropping mode, expands the cultivated area of rain fed crops indirectly, can improve the effective supply of current food processing industry to rain fed crops demand.
Through using and testing for many years, when keeping the corn not underproduction, per hectare can increase mung bean output 1000 ~ 1300 kilograms, significantly improves output and the benefit of crop in unit are, increases production and improves productivity with the obvious advantage.
The inventive method is applicable to the region of the Northeast of China or other suitable corn, mung bean plantation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is corn mung bean intercropping culture method mode figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is corn of the present invention, mung bean planting spacing schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises any combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: the cultivation method of present embodiment corn and mung bean intercropping, comprises the following steps:
One, meticulous wholely: before sowing, require the thin rake of deep ploughing, broadcast rear suppression, form soil structures real under tightening middle void, retain and conserve soil moisture;
Two, improved seeds are selected: corn selects that high-quality, high yield, stable yields, disease-resistant, pest-resistant, lodging tolerance are strong, High planting and the good variety type of commodity; Mung bean should according to the natural conditions of locality, soil fertility and commodity value, selects the improved seeds of erect type, resistance to close, high yield, good stress resistance;
Three, rational close planting: by corn and mung bean sowing, corn density of keeping a full stand of seedings is 6.5 ~ 7.0 ten thousand strains/hectare, mung bean is kept a full stand of seedings density 10.5 ~ 120,000 strains/hectare;
Four, the field layout of corn and mung bean intercropping culture method: in the layout of field, plot is made up of multiple " corn/mung bean construction unit ", each construction unit is made up of a narrow row and a wide row, described narrow row width is 30cm, narrow row plants two row corns, described wide line width is 100cm, plants two row mung beans, line-spacing 40cm at wide interline;
Five, science field management: comprise after planting look in time fill the gaps with seedlings, thinning, final singling with guarantor unit's area Population, adopt chemical weed control, damage by disease and insect Synthetical prevention technology, intertillage and the rational application of fertilizer; Above field management method is conventional method;
Six, gather in the crops: mung bean is gathered in the crops when beanpod has more than 2/3rds blackening in good time, select fine day to pick.
Present embodiment changes traditional little line-spacing planting patterns, be adopted as wide-narrow row planting cultivation mode, narrow row Row spacing of maize 30cm, wide interline plants two row mung beans (line-spacing 40cm), optimize the configuration of crop in field, form " wide-narrow-wide " alternatively distributed horizontal layout.Under this planting patterns, the row spacing of wide row reaches 100cm, expands crop production colony marginal effect, achieves " every trade is limit row ", is conducive to ventilation, printing opacity, especially improves the light interception amount of corn middle and lower part blade, advantageously in the accumulation of photosynthetic product.
In addition, the wide-narrow row planting topology layout of present embodiment, wide row is convenient to the farm work of agricultural machinery, as fertilising and spraying pesticide etc. relative to the plantation of conventional uniform ridge, be conducive to improving agrotechnical field arrival rate, advantageously in high yield realization and be suitable for intensive agriculture plantation.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one unlike: in step 2, corn variety is " good beautiful 11 ", " favorable to the people 33 " or " enlightening card 516 ", and percentage of seedgermination >=95%, purity >=98%, cleanliness >=98%; Mung bean variety is " in vain green No. 8 ", " in vain green No. 9 " or " parrot green 522 ".Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one or two are unlike the debugging carrying out seeding machinary before sowing in step 3, the planter adjusting sower is " single two grain alternately " go out a pattern, forms disconnected seedling to prevent from planting due to leakage or is short of seedling.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three unlike: in step 3 corn 5 ~ 10cm soil temperature stable by when 10 ~ 12 DEG C for beginning date of seeding, when stablizing by 14 DEG C with 5cm degree of depth ground temperature, it it is phase beginning of spring sowing mung bean; In view of mung bean is short for breeding time, thus suitable date of seeding to be longer than corn, therefore, arrange the first seeding corn of upper available wide-and narrow-row sower at seeding time, line-spacing is 30cm, and spacing in the rows is 22.0 ~ 23.7cm; Mung bean is after corn seeding, and soil water content is 30 ~ 40% of field capacity time, and use small-sized mung bean sower to carry out drilling, line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows is 12.8 ~ 14.7cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four unlike: in step 5, fertilization principle is based on base manure, and it is auxiliary for topdressing, and based on fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary; Chemical fertilizer fertilizing amount is N240kg/ hectare, P
2o
5150kg/ hectare, K
2o180kg/ hectare, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer do that base fertilizer is disposable to be applied, and the ratio of the mass ratio=5:3:2 of nitrogenous fertilizer fertile in base manure, jointing in flower granulated fertilizer is carried out; Per hectare applies decomposed manure 15000 ~ 20000kg in addition, applies before broadcasting in conjunction with whole; Topdress and want deep placement, apply degree of depth 15cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
For verifying beneficial effect of the present invention, carry out following test:
Embodiment 1:
The corn of the present embodiment and the cultivation method of mung bean intercropping have carried out production test at Dehui City of Jilin Province Shanghai Experimental Demonstration Base respectively, and front stubble long-term cropping is corn, continuous cropping 24 years; Use 35 horsepowers of tractors to utilize birch formula to plough after autumn harvest upper one year and carry out arrangement of ploughing.This region belongs to the continental monsoon climate in temperate zone, year-round average temperature 4.9 DEG C, sunshine 2609.7h, breeding time effective accumulated temperature 2916.2 DEG C, precipitation 520.1mm, the plantation of suitable corn, mung bean, is applicable to the enforcement of the inventive method.
The present embodiment material therefor is selected as follows:
Corn variety: corn variety selects that plant type is compact, the good kind of lodging resistance, resistance and yielding ability good beautiful 11, by Shandong Denghai Liangyu Seeds Co., Ltd.'s seed selection; Erect type kind green No. 8 in vain selected by mung bean, provided by Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Baicheng City in Jilin Province mung bean.
Corn wide-and narrow-row sower: Jilin Condar 2BZF-2X type tillage-free finger-clamping type precision fertilizing sower, supporting power 22 kilowatts (30 horsepowers) above tractor, hang operation, be applicable to maize straw all standing no-tillage seeding and conventional seed planting, operation line number 2 row.
Mung bean sower: select holy Shandong participants in a bridge game to hold up type Semi-automatic planting machine, continuous operation per hour can sow 4 ~ 5 mu of ground, is manufactured by Qufu City Sheng Lu machinery plant.
One, meticulous wholely; Before sowing, remove stalk and farmland discarded object that last year, crop remained, 30 horsepowers of tractors are used to drive IGH-120 III type (two ridge) stubble cleaner to carry out stubble-cleaning process, then utilize rotovator to carry out rotary tillage process, the rotary tillage degree of depth is 25cm, and then utilizes packer to suppress 2 times, object is the degree of packing of soil after adjustment rotary tillage, during top layer is tight, loose deep layer is real, to retain and conserve soil moisture, is beneficial to and emerges.
Two, select improved seeds: kind good beautiful 11 selected by corn, purity, cleanliness all >=98%, germination rate >=95%; Mung bean variety selects white green No. 8, removing infected seed, blighted grain, Wu Li, stone bean or pea, impurity etc., makes seed purity reach 98%, cleanliness >=97%, germination rate >=90%.
Three, rational close planting: the debugging carrying out seeding machinary before sowing, the line-spacing of corn drill is made to be adjusted to 30cm, spacing in the rows 23.7cm, the line-spacing of mung bean sower is 40cm, spacing in the rows is at 12.2cm, the planter simultaneously adjusting sower is " single two grain alternately " go out a pattern, forms disconnected seedling to prevent from planting due to leakage or is short of seedling.
Four, the field layout of corn and mung bean intercropping culture method controls: whole plot is made up of multiple " corn/mung bean construction unit ", and each " construction unit " is made up of a narrow row and a wide row.Condar board wide-and narrow-row sower is used to carry out seeding corn on May 5th, 2014, line-spacing 30cm, sowing depth 4cm, material is thus formed the general layout of multiple " corn/mung bean construction unit " parallel arrangement, holy Shandong participants in a bridge game was used to hold up type Semi-automatic planting machine to sow in wide row May 17, before sowing, debugging line distance is 40cm.
Five, science field management: owing to having carried out soil rotary tillage before corn seeding, after planting can utilize the less packer of fabric width to suppress, to ensure Phase ofsprouting and quality of emerging; Directly connect packer during mung bean sowing, disposablely complete the work such as fertilising, sowing, suppression, time saving and energy saving; Carry out thinning at corn 3 ~ 4 leaf stretching period, carry out thinning, look into scarce mending-leakage in time when mung bean first compound leaf occurs, corn keeps a full stand of seedings density domination at 6.5 ten thousand strains/hectare, and mung bean density of keeping a full stand of seedings is 10.8 ten thousand strains/hectare.
Six, gather in the crops: corn entered full ripening stage about 20 days September in good time, after October 5, start results; Mung bean, when yellow pod and black pod book reach 90%, selects ethrel 300 times of liquid of 40% manually to spray, and after spraying 10d, Catalase jaundice is withered, uses reaping machine results.
The cultivation method of corn mung bean two kinds of crop interplantings, through this several years using and testing of inventor, when keeping the corn not underproduction, per hectare can increase mung bean output 1000 ~ 1300 kilograms, significantly improve output and the benefit of crop in unit are, increase production and improve productivity with the obvious advantage, simultaneously, because mung bean root nodule has nitrogen fixation, long-term recovery and the lifting adopting this cultivation method to be conducive to soil fertility (mainly nitrogen).
In addition, can realize based on current agricultural machinery based on the corn of this method, the operation of mung bean production farming, substantially achieve entire mechanization operation, saving of work and time, ecological, environmental protective, increase production and improve productivity obviously, there are huge economy, society and ecological benefits.
Embodiment 2:
Cultivation method in the corn of the present embodiment and the cultivation method of mung bean intercropping and Chinese patent " method of corn-mung bean intercropping plant " 201310498080.3 has carried out production comparative trial at Dehui City of Jilin Province Shanghai Experimental Demonstration Base respectively.With the cultivation method in 201310498080.3 in contrast.
One, meticulous wholely; Before sowing, remove stalk and farmland discarded object that last year, crop remained, use 30 horsepowers of tractors to drive IGH-120 III type (two ridge) stubble cleaners to carry out stubble-cleaning process, then utilize rotovator to carry out rotary tillage process, the rotary tillage degree of depth is 25cm, and then utilizes packer to suppress 2 times.
Two, select improved seeds: kind good beautiful 11 selected by corn, purity, cleanliness all >=98%, germination rate >=95%; Mung bean variety selects white green No. 8, removing infected seed, blighted grain, Wu Li, stone bean or pea, impurity etc., makes seed purity reach 98%, cleanliness >=97%, germination rate >=90%.
Three, rational close planting: the debugging carrying out seeding machinary before sowing, cultivation method Row spacing of maize 30cm, spacing in the rows 23.7cm of the present invention, mung bean line-spacing is 40cm, and spacing in the rows is at 12.2cm, and the Planting Row Distance of control treatment corn is 45cm, spacing in the rows 23.7cm, mung bean Planting Row Distance is 50cm, strain 20cm.
Four, science field management: owing to having carried out soil rotary tillage before corn seeding, after planting can utilize the less packer of fabric width to suppress, to ensure Phase ofsprouting and quality of emerging; Directly connect packer during mung bean sowing, disposablely complete the work such as fertilising, sowing, suppression, time saving and energy saving; Carry out thinning at corn 3 ~ 4 leaf stretching period, carry out thinning when mung bean first compound leaf occurs, look into scarce mending-leakage in time; Control treatment, when corn stigma is soon withered, removes the cane near corncob more than two panels leaf and blade, retains the two panels leaf of fringe annex, is whole blades that benchmark wipes out near corncob below two panels leaf with leaf joint simultaneously.
Five, gather in the crops: corn is entering full ripening stage by the end of September in good time, after October 5, start results; Mung bean, when yellow pod and black pod book reach 90%, selects ethrel 300 times of liquid of 40% manually to spray, and after spraying 10d, Catalase jaundice is withered, uses reaping machine results.
Through this several years using and testing of inventor, cultivation mode of the present invention is compared with contrast cultivation method, corn per unit area yield on average increases by more than 8.2%, mung bean per unit area yield is than contrast increase by more than 10.4%, significantly improve unit yield, utilize flowering stage CI110 plant canopy analyzer and the photosynthetic instrument of LI6400 to measure fringe position leaf extinction coefficient, photosynthetic rate and intercellular gas concentration lwevel and improve 5.3%, 12.1% and 7.8% than control treatment respectively.
Claims (5)
1. a cultivation method for corn and mung bean intercropping, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
One, meticulous wholely: before sowing, require the thin rake of deep ploughing, broadcast rear suppression, form soil structures real under tightening middle void, retain and conserve soil moisture;
Two, improved seeds are selected: corn selects that high-quality, high yield, stable yields, disease-resistant, pest-resistant, lodging tolerance are strong, High planting and the good variety type of commodity; Mung bean should according to the natural conditions of locality, soil fertility and commodity value, selects the improved seeds of erect type, resistance to close, high yield, good stress resistance;
Three, rational close planting: by corn and mung bean sowing, corn density of keeping a full stand of seedings is 6.5 ~ 7.0 ten thousand strains/hectare, mung bean is kept a full stand of seedings density 10.5 ~ 120,000 strains/hectare;
Four, the field layout of corn and mung bean intercropping culture method: in the layout of field, plot is made up of multiple " corn/mung bean construction unit ", each construction unit is made up of a narrow row and a wide row, described narrow row width is 30cm, narrow row plants two row corns, described wide line width is 100cm, plants two row mung beans, line-spacing 40cm at wide interline;
Five, science field management: comprise after planting look in time fill the gaps with seedlings, thinning, final singling with guarantor unit's area Population, adopt chemical weed control, damage by disease and insect Synthetical prevention technology, intertillage and the rational application of fertilizer;
Six, gather in the crops: mung bean is gathered in the crops when beanpod has more than 2/3rds blackening in good time, select fine day to pick.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of corn according to claim 1 and mung bean intercropping, is characterized in that in step 2, corn variety is " good beautiful 11 ", " favorable to the people 33 " or " enlightening card 516 ", and percentage of seedgermination >=95%, purity >=98%, cleanliness >=98%; Mung bean variety is " in vain green No. 8 ", " in vain green No. 9 " or " parrot green 522 ".
3. the cultivation method of a kind of corn according to claim 1 and mung bean intercropping, is characterized in that the debugging carrying out seeding machinary in step 3 before sowing, and the planter of adjustment sower goes out a pattern for " single two grain alternately ".
4. the cultivation method of a kind of corn according to claim 1 and mung bean intercropping, to it is characterized in that in step 3 corn 5 ~ 10cm deep soil temperature stabilization by when 10 ~ 12 DEG C for beginning date of seeding, when stablizing by 14 DEG C with 5cm degree of depth ground temperature, it it is phase beginning of spring sowing mung bean; Arrange the first seeding corn of upper wide-and narrow-row sower at seeding time, line-spacing is 30cm, and spacing in the rows is 22.0 ~ 23.7cm; Mung bean is after corn seeding, and soil water content is 30 ~ 40% of field capacity time, and use small-sized mung bean sower to carry out drilling, line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows is 12.8 ~ 14.7cm.
5. the cultivation method of a kind of corn according to claim 1 and mung bean intercropping, it is characterized in that in step 5, fertilization principle is based on base manure, it is auxiliary for topdressing, and based on fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary; Chemical fertilizer fertilizing amount is N240kg/ hectare, P
2o
5150kg/ hectare, K
2o180kg/ hectare, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer do that base fertilizer is disposable to be applied, and the ratio of the mass ratio=5:3:2 of nitrogenous fertilizer fertile in base manure, jointing in flower granulated fertilizer is carried out; Per hectare applies decomposed manure 15000 ~ 20000kg in addition, applies before broadcasting in conjunction with whole; Topdress and want deep placement, apply degree of depth 15cm.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN106613128A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-10 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Mung bean and sorghum intercropping high-yield efficient planting method |
| CN106665037A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-05-17 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Cultivation method for planting corn and mung bean in same hole |
| CN107155460A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-15 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | The implantation methods and supporting Precision Seeding fertilizer applicator made between a kind of sesbania and wild soybean |
| CN107211712A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-29 | 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所 | Corn intercrop soybean solid composite plant method |
| CN107743841A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-03-02 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of millet |
| CN107980511A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of cultural method made between corn and potato |
| CN109997630A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-12 | 西南大学 | Make the method that bamboo beans improve sloping upland sugar grass yield and quality between a kind of utilization |
| CN111386988A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 中国农业大学 | Oat and mung bean strip intercropping planting mode and field management method |
| CN112913600A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-08 | 王泉贵 | Method for increasing yield of corn and soybean by large-proportion intercropping |
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| CN106665037A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-05-17 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Cultivation method for planting corn and mung bean in same hole |
| CN106613128A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-10 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Mung bean and sorghum intercropping high-yield efficient planting method |
| CN107155460A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-15 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | The implantation methods and supporting Precision Seeding fertilizer applicator made between a kind of sesbania and wild soybean |
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| CN107743841A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-03-02 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of millet |
| CN107980511A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of cultural method made between corn and potato |
| CN109997630A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-12 | 西南大学 | Make the method that bamboo beans improve sloping upland sugar grass yield and quality between a kind of utilization |
| CN111386988A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 中国农业大学 | Oat and mung bean strip intercropping planting mode and field management method |
| CN112913600A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-08 | 王泉贵 | Method for increasing yield of corn and soybean by large-proportion intercropping |
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