CN106900600B - Enhanced cultivation method for improving fertility of sepiella maindroni - Google Patents
Enhanced cultivation method for improving fertility of sepiella maindroni Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an enhanced culture method for improving the fertility of sepiella maindroni, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of establishing a culture area, treating a pond, hatching eggs, cultivating seedlings, stocking the seedlings, pressing the Sepiella maindroni to be precocious, increasing the size of the Sepiella maindroni, ensuring the survival rate of the Sepiella maindroni in transportation by adopting a nylon bag oxygen-filled transportation method in pond changing transportation, and preventing the black spot disease by doping sporozoon during feeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seawater culture technology, in particular to a reinforced culture method for improving the fertility of Sepiella maindroni.
Background
In recent years, the development of the sepiella maindroni breeding industry has made demands on the number of fertilized eggs, but because the brood volume of the sepiella maindroni is small, one sepiella maindroni can only produce hundreds of fertilized eggs generally, so that the improvement of the fertility of the female of the sepiella maindroni unit has important significance.
In the prior art, a plurality of cultivation techniques are provided, for example, a refined Sepiella maindroni pond culture method is disclosed, CN103392641A, 75 kg/mu of quicklime water is splashed at the bottom of a pond for comprehensive disinfection, enemy organisms are killed, a black thick mulching film is paved on the pond and the periphery of the pond after disinfection, an aerator is equipped, the stocking density is determined according to the individual size of the fries, the trunk length is 1.2-2.5 cm, and 400-450 fries can be stocked per square meter; 300-35 young cuttlefish with 3.0-5.5 cm trunk length can be stocked per square meter; the compound microbial fertilizer can promote the quick growth of the cuttlefish, increase the EPA content, reduce the diseases of the cuttlefish and reduce the death of diseases, and simultaneously increase the beneficial microorganisms in the water body, thereby improving the final quality.
The culture method and the prior art can not suppress the sexual precocity of the Sepiella maindroni in the culture process, so that the fertility of the Sepiella maindroni is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an enhanced culture method for improving the fertility of Sepiella maindroni, which suppresses the sexual precocity of Sepiella maindroni and increases the fecundity.
In order to solve the above-mentioned existing technical problem, the invention adopts the following scheme: an enhanced cultivation method for improving the fertility of Sepiella maindroni comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a culture area: establishing culture areas which are respectively a culture pond, a seedling pond and a culture pond;
2) pond treatment: disinfecting the pond with disinfectant water, spreading insecticide at the lower part of the pond, and spreading black thick mulching film on the pond and the periphery of the pond after disinfection;
3) hatching sperm and eggs: arranging an egg attaching device in the culture pond, incubating the fertilized eggs in the egg attaching device, gradually raising the water temperature in the incubation process, and then culturing at constant temperature;
4) and (3) seedling cultivation: breeding the hatched seedlings in a seedling pond, feeding the seedlings by using ingredients, and completing the seedling breeding when the trunk lengths of the seedlings are qualified;
5) fry stocking: and putting the cultured seedlings into a culture pond, culturing at constant temperature after the temperature is high and low, feeding the iced fresh trash fish, gradually raising the temperature when the ovary begins to develop, adding and feeding the bait rich in unsaturated fatty acid PUFA, and feeding the fresh bait rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acid PUFA when the ovary is mature.
Conventional techniques in steps 1 to 5 are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
Preferably, the disinfectant in the step 2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of chlorine dioxide, 3-5 parts of dibromohydantoin, 3-5 parts of quick lime, 2-4 parts of garlic, 2-4 parts of pepper, 0-0.5 part of copper sulfate, 0-0.2 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.4-0.7 part of phosphatidylethanolamine and 0.1-0.4 part of organosiloxane.
Preferably, the environment at incubation in step 3 is: the water temperature is 18-30 ℃, the salinity is 24.15-32.10, the oxygen content of water solution is not lower than 6mg/l, and the PH value of the water is kept in the range of 7.5-8.5.
Preferably, the trunk length qualified value of the seedlings in the step 4 is 6mm-8 mm.
Preferably, the young seedlings are put into the culture pond in the step 5, and a nylon bag oxygenation transportation method is adopted: charging oxygen into a 40cm x 70cm nylon bag, placing 40-50 seedlings, and transporting at 20-30 deg.C.
Preferably, the bait rich in unsaturated fatty acid PUFA in the step 5 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of compound protein powder, 50-70 parts of unsaturated fatty acid, 25-30 parts of shrimp meal, 25-30 parts of fish meal, 2-3 parts of fish oil, 1-2 parts of vegetable oil, 2-3 parts of blood protein powder, 0.2-0.4 part of seaweed gel, 0.3-0.6 part of tamarind gum, 0.5-2 parts of compound mineral, 1-5 parts of vegetable acid, 1-5 parts of carotene, 1-3 parts of vitamin C, 0.5-1 part of sodium alginate and 0.3-0.6 part of thiamine.
Preferably, the fresh and live baits rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acid PUFA in the step 5 are one or more of clamworm, live shrimp and trash fish.
Preferably, the temperature in step 5 is increased and then decreased in such a manner that the temperature is decreased by 1-2 ℃ every 15 days and then maintained at 22-24 ℃, and the temperature is increased stepwise by 1-2 ℃ every 10-12 days.
Has the advantages that: the reinforced cultivation method for improving the fertility of the Sepiella maindroni provided by the invention can suppress the premature sexual maturity of the Sepiella maindroni, increase the size of the Sepiella maindroni, has a much higher brooming amount than that of the Sepiella maindroni in a common situation, adopts a nylon bag oxygenated transportation method in pool changing transportation, ensures the survival rate of the Sepiella maindroni in transportation, and prevents the black spot disease by mixing with sporozoon during feeding.
The invention adopts the technical scheme to provide the strengthened cultivation method for improving the fertility of the sepiella maindroni, makes up the defects of the prior art, and has reasonable design and convenient operation.
Detailed Description
The following is described in further detail with reference to examples:
example 1
An enhanced cultivation method for improving the fertility of Sepiella maindroni comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a culture area: a plurality of culture areas are respectively established as a culture pond, a seedling pond and a culture pond, the culture pond is built by adopting cement boards, the depth of the culture pond is 3m, the depth of culture water is 2m, the periphery of the culture pond is provided with a slope, the slope is 45 degrees, the periphery of the temporary culture cement pond is provided with a plurality of circular ditches with the depths of 23m and the widths of 10m as the temporary culture pond, the top of the culture pond is provided with a sunshade net, a water inlet and drainage system enters from east and exits from west, the bottom of the pond is planar, and a gate opening is inclined at a certain slope.
2) Pond treatment: the pond is thoroughly disinfected by using disinfectant water, such as lime water, at 75 kg/mu, and then a disinfectant is used, such as molluscicide, sprayed to the lower part of the pond at 200 g/mu to eliminate coniferous snails, black thick mulching films are completely paved on the pond and the periphery of the pond after disinfection, the depth of sludge in the pond is 20cm, and water enters 10 days before the fish fries are thrown.
3) Hatching sperm and eggs: an egg attachment device is arranged in the culture pond, fertilized eggs are incubated in seawater with the water temperature of 20 ℃, the salinity of 26 and the water-soluble oxygen content of more than or equal to 6mg/l, the water temperature is gradually increased in the incubation process, the temperature is increased by 0.4 ℃ every day, finally the temperature is kept at a constant temperature after the water temperature reaches 24 ℃, the PH of the seawater is controlled to be kept at 7.5, the illumination is less than 500lux in the incubation process, the noise is less than 65 decibels, the water changing times are increased by 3 times every day when seedlings are incubated out, and the first feeding of the seedlings by taking artemia nauplii ingredients as baits is started 4 hours after the seedlings are incubated out of membranes.
4) And (3) seedling cultivation: and (3) stocking the hatched seedlings in a seedling pond, wherein the seawater temperature of the seedling pond is 20 ℃, the salinity is 30, the illumination is 7000ux, the oxygen content of water solution is higher than 6mg/l, and the pH value is 7.5, feeding the seedlings by using the auxiliary material of the artemia nauplii, gradually increasing the feeding amount according to the weight of the Sepiella maindroni, and completing the seedling cultivation after the trunk length of the seedlings is 6-8 mm.
5) Fry stocking: putting the cultured seedlings into a culture pond, putting 100 seedlings with trunk lengths of 8mm per square meter, feeding water 10 days before putting the seedlings, wherein the temperature of the fed water is 30, the salinity is 22 and the pH value is 7.5, culturing a plurality of algae in the culture pond, arranging an aerator in the culture pond, reducing the temperature by 1 ℃ every 15 days when the temperature is firstly high and then low, and finally maintaining the temperature at 22 ℃ when culturing, mainly using the feed of the iced wild trash fish, increasing the temperature by 1 ℃ every 10 days when the ovary begins to develop, adding and feeding the feed rich in unsaturated fatty acid PUFA, and feeding the fresh feed rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acid PUFA when the ovary further matures.
Conventional techniques in steps 1 to 5 are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) adopting a nylon bag oxygenation transportation method for a seedling replacement pool, adopting a 40cm x 70cm nylon bag to hold 50 seedlings, transporting the seedlings at the temperature below 30 ℃, avoiding direct strong light irradiation, keeping the high temperature above 33 ℃ and violent shaking during transportation, regularly spraying and disinfecting the whole pool with a chlorine-containing preparation during water quality management, regularly adding medicines into baits to prepare baits for feeding, regularly opening an aerator in a culture pool, starting the aerator at noon in sunny days for 2 hours, starting the aerator at midnight in rainy days, starting the aerator to be on day when the floating head is heavy, wherein the fresh and alive baits rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acid PUFA comprise the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of compound protein powder, 50 parts of unsaturated fatty acid, 25 parts of shrimp meal, 25 parts of fish meal, 3 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of vegetable oil, 3 parts of blood protein powder, 0.2 part of seaweed gel, 0.3 part of tamarind gum, 0.5-2 parts of compound mineral substances, 1 part of vegetable acid, 1 part of carotene, 3 parts of vitamin C, 0.5 part of sodium alginate and 0.3 part of thiamine.
Example 2
According to different stages of the cultivation method implemented by different ponds, the components in seawater are changed and different feeds are put into the ponds according to different requirements of different stages, the ponds are disinfected by quick lime before the cuttlefish is raised, and then the coniferous snail at the lower part of the pond is treated by molluscacide to prevent black spot disease of the cuttlefish, when the trunk length of the young cuttlefish is qualified, the cuttlefish is raised at the water temperature of 30 ℃ at first, then the cuttlefish is raised in a mode of reducing the temperature by 1 ℃ every 10 days at first and then at second, and finally the cuttlefish is raised at the constant temperature of 25 ℃, so that the raised temperature is low, the cuttlefish can be pressed and precociously matured, and; the breeding method comprises the steps of increasing the temperature by 1 ℃ every 15 days when the ovary begins to develop, feeding baits rich in unsaturated fatty acid PUFA, improving the fertility, feeding fresh baits rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acid PUFA when the ovary further matures, further improving the fertility, continuously managing the water quality in the breeding process, intermittently spraying povidone iodine solution to prevent black spot disease, and adding a plurality of organic matters, particularly sodium alginate and thiamine, into the fresh baits rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acid PUFA, so that the fertility of the cuttlefish can be enhanced.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims set out below.
Claims (5)
1. An enhanced cultivation method for improving the fertility of Sepiella maindroni comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a culture area: establishing culture areas which are respectively a culture pond, a seedling pond and a culture pond;
2) pond treatment: disinfecting the pond with disinfectant water, spreading insecticide at the lower part of the pond, and spreading black thick mulching film on the pond and the periphery of the pond after disinfection;
3) hatching sperm and eggs: arranging an egg attaching device in the culture pond, incubating the fertilized eggs in the egg attaching device, gradually raising the water temperature in the incubation process, and then culturing at constant temperature;
4) and (3) seedling cultivation: breeding the hatched seedlings in a seedling pond, feeding the seedlings by using ingredients, and completing the seedling breeding when the trunk lengths of the seedlings are qualified;
5) fry stocking: putting the cultured seedlings into a culture pond, culturing at constant temperature after the temperature is high and low, feeding the iced fresh trash fish, gradually raising the temperature when the ovary begins to develop, adding and feeding bait rich in unsaturated fatty acid PUFA, and feeding fresh bait rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acid PUFA when the ovary is mature;
the specific steps of the step 5 are as follows: putting the cultured seedlings into a culture pond, putting 100 seedlings with trunk lengths of 8mm per square meter, feeding water 10 days before putting the seedlings, wherein the temperature of the fed water is 30, the salinity is 22 and the pH value is 7.5, culturing algae in the culture pond, arranging an aerator in the culture pond, reducing the temperature by 1 ℃ every 15 days when the temperature is firstly high and then low during culture, and finally maintaining the temperature at 22 ℃, mainly using the feed of the ice fresh wild trash fish, increasing the temperature by 1 ℃ every 10 days when the ovary begins to develop, adding and feeding the feed rich in unsaturated fatty acid PUFA, and feeding the fresh feed rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acid PUFA when the ovary further matures;
the bait rich in unsaturated fatty acid PUFA in the step 5 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of compound protein powder, 50-70 parts of unsaturated fatty acid, 25-30 parts of shrimp meal, 25-30 parts of fish meal, 2-3 parts of fish oil, 1-2 parts of vegetable oil, 2-3 parts of blood protein powder, 0.2-0.4 part of seaweed gel, 0.3-0.6 part of tamarind gum, 0.5-2 parts of compound mineral, 1-5 parts of vegetable acid, 1-5 parts of carotene, 1-3 parts of vitamin C, 0.5-1 part of sodium alginate and 0.3-0.6 part of thiamine;
the disinfectant in the step 2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of chlorine dioxide, 3-5 parts of dibromohydantoin, 3-5 parts of quick lime, 2-4 parts of garlic, 2-4 parts of pepper, 0-0.5 part of copper sulfate, 0-0.2 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.4-0.7 part of phosphatidylethanolamine and 0.1-0.4 part of organosiloxane;
and 5, putting the seedlings into the culture pond in the step 5, and adopting a nylon bag oxygenation transportation method: charging oxygen into a 40cm x 70cm nylon bag, placing 40-50 seedlings, and transporting at 20-30 deg.C.
2. The method for enhancing the fertility of Sepiella maindroni according to claim 1, wherein the incubation environment in step 3 is: the water temperature is 18-30 ℃, the salinity is 24.15-32.10, the oxygen content of water solution is not lower than 6mg/l, and the PH value of the water is kept in the range of 7.5-8.5.
3. The reinforced cultivation method for improving the fertility of sepiella maindroni according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of the step 3 are as follows: an egg attachment device is arranged in the culture pond, fertilized eggs are incubated in seawater with the water temperature of 20 ℃, the salinity of 26 and the water-soluble oxygen content of more than or equal to 6mg/l, the water temperature is gradually increased in the incubation process, the temperature is increased by 0.4 ℃ every day, finally the temperature is kept at a constant temperature after the water temperature reaches 24 ℃, the PH of the seawater is controlled to be kept at 7.5, the illumination is less than 500lux in the incubation process, the noise is less than 65 decibels, the water changing times are increased by 3 times every day when seedlings are incubated out, and the first feeding of the seedlings by taking artemia nauplii ingredients as baits is started 4 hours after the seedlings are incubated out of membranes.
4. The intensive cultivation method for improving the fertility of Sepiella maindroni according to claim 1, wherein the trunk growth qualification value of the seedlings in step 4 is 6mm-8 mm.
5. The method for enhancing the fertility of Sepiella maindroni according to claim 1, wherein the fresh and live baits rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acid PUFA in step 5 are one or more of clamworm, live shrimp and trash fish.
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