CN105660466A - Method for breeding grouper fry by controlling illumination - Google Patents
Method for breeding grouper fry by controlling illumination Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660466A CN105660466A CN201610029137.9A CN201610029137A CN105660466A CN 105660466 A CN105660466 A CN 105660466A CN 201610029137 A CN201610029137 A CN 201610029137A CN 105660466 A CN105660466 A CN 105660466A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 241001417495 Serranidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000321428 Epinephelus guttatus Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000595940 Notostraca Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000256128 Chironomus <genus> Species 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000004602 germ cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000448486 Epinephelinae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000276618 Perciformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241000193755 Bacillus cereus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028923 Neonatal asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037212 Neonatal hypoxic and ischemic brain injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000033300 perinatal asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding grouper fry by controlling illumination. The method includes the following steps that firstly, an indoor seedling cultivation pond and an outer seedling cultivation pond are arranged, seawater is obtained for preprocessing, algae-laden water is cultivated, and grouper fertilized eggs are hatched; secondly, seedlings are placed in the outdoor seedling cultivation pond for cultivation 3-10 days after the fertilized eggs are hatched in the indoor seedling cultivation pond, and natural sunlight serves as a light source; thirdly, after the seedlings are cultivated for 11-22 days, the outdoor seedling cultivation pond is covered with a sun-shade net; fourthly, after the seedlings are cultivated for 23-30 days, the seedling are transferred into the indoor seedling cultivation pond and irradiated by means of a fluorescent lamp, light intensity is adjusted to be 5000-8000 lx, and illumination time is 8-10 h every day; fifthly, after the seedlings are cultivated for 31-35 days, light intensity is adjusted to be 3000-5000 xl, illumination time is 7-8 h every day, and seedlings emerge after being cultivated for 35-38 days. The method is high and stable in yield, and produced fry is good in physique, few in disease and high in seedling survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to grouper fry Cultivating techniques field, be specifically related to a kind of method controlling illumination cultivation grouper fry.
Background technology
Cabrilla is the marine fish that China is important, is under the jurisdiction of Perciformes (Perciformes), section (Serranidae), Epinephelinae (Epinephelinae). Cabrilla delicious meat, nutritious, for the first-class delicacies in dining table, deep liking by various places consumer, become the main object of sea-farming at ground cabrillas such as coastal areas of southern China Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, Guangxi, economic worth is huge.
Cabrilla is needed the breeding phase of a wheat harvesting period by development of fertilized ova to plantlet stage, including opening, and long fin ray, receipts fin ray and long decorative pattern four-stage. Opening, receipts fin ray and the critical days that the long decorative pattern stage is cabrilla seedling culture. At opening stage, owing to seedling lacks motor capacity, being typically only capable to passive feed, therefore its tool of ingesting is had a great impact by the viscosity of water body and the density of bait; Receiving the fin ray stage, prelarva can flock together, it is easy to causes perinatal asphyxia; To the long decorative pattern stage, prelarva can be killed each other together. Accordingly, it would be desirable to stable water body environment ensures the survival rate of nursery.
Cabrilla is abyssal fishes, does not like light. Under natural conditions, just the seedling of hatching cannot bear the depth of water pressure more than one meter, and the Ecological niche of its early stage life should be marine superstructure water level, and natural sunlight is sufficient, bait enriches. Along with seed grows, the hydraulic pressure that can bear increases, and its Ecological niche can be moved down by cabrilla seedling, and the illumination that is subject to is fewer and feweri even finally hides sunlight.
At present, most grouper fry is cultivated and is all obtained by two ways, and one is the big pool or feed coefficient cultivation, and a kind of is that indoor water mud sump is cultivated. These methods are respectively arranged with pluses and minuses: the big pool or feed coefficient yield is big, the time is short, simple to operate. But owing to water body is uncontrollable, being affected greatly by external environment change, disease is many, and survival rate of seedling is low and unstable. Indoor water mud sump yield is relatively low, but lack the auxiliary of natural lighting, water column structure is unstable, need to increase more allogenic material to be adjusted, add its seedling cost, and prelarva early stage does not obtain the promotion growth of natural lighting, extend the time of its nursery and add the mortality rate of nursery. What therefore both modes should be more perfect combines one more ripe cabrilla nursery system of formation, promotes the development of whole Grouper cultivating industry, to meet the market demand.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method controlling illumination cultivation grouper fry, the method yield is high, cost is low, and fry body constitution is good, disease is few, survival rate is high.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of method controlling illumination cultivation grouper fry, comprises the steps of
(1) indoor raising of seedling pond and outdoor nursery pond are set, choose sea water and carry out pretreatment, and cultivate algae water, incubation net cage is set in indoor raising of seedling pond for hatching cabrilla germ cell simultaneously;
(2) in indoor raising of seedling pond after hatching the 3rd～10 day, seedling being placed in outdoor nursery pond and cultivates, light source is nature sunlight;
(3) treating that seedling culture was to the 11st～22 day, on outdoor nursery pond, covered with sunshade net is to reduce intensity of illumination;
(4) treating that seedling culture was to the 23rd～30 day, proceeded to seedling in indoor raising of seedling pond, adopt daylight lamp to carry out illumination, adjustment light intensity is 5000～8000lx, and every day, light application time was 8～10h;
(5) treating that seedling culture was to the 31st～35 day, adjustment light intensity is 3000～5000lx, and every day, light application time was 7～8h, emerges after cultivating 35～38 days.
Cultivate in the method for grouper fry in above-mentioned control illumination:
Sea water preprocessing described in step (1) includes husky filter, sterilization, sterilization and aeration, described cultivation algae water includes choosing pretreated sea water, add concentration chlorella and shrimp crack, cultivate under natural light, to the final concentration of 1900～2400ppm of chlorella, as cultivating, algae water is stand-by.
Seedling is placed in by step (2) outdoor nursery pond when cultivating, puts Seedling density and be preferably 8000～16000 tail high-quality lithosporic fries/m3Sea water.
In step (2) after cabrilla germ cell is hatched in indoor raising of seedling pond the 3rd～10 day, seedling is placed in outdoor nursery pond when cultivating, it is preferable that every day 12～14 on outdoor nursery pond covered with sunshade net to reduce intensity of illumination.
In step (3), the light transmittance of sunshade net is 70～80%.
In step (2)～step (5) in seedling culture process, it is necessary to biological feed of throwing something and feeding, described biological feed includes live body sea water concentration chlorella, wheel animalcule, Copepods, chironomus larvas, fairy shrimp and fly larvae.
Wherein live body sea water concentration chlorella, chironomus larvas, fairy shrimp and fly larvae can directly be thrown something and fed, and wheel animalcule and Copepods need to be thrown something and fed after processing rich in the nutrient of the unsaturated fatty acid of EPA, DHA.
The process of throwing something and feeding of described biological feed is: after hatching the 3rd～10 day, live body sea water of throwing something and feeding concentration chlorella and cross the wheel animalcule of 200 order～150 eye mesh screens, and after throwing something and feeding, in nursery pond, wheel animalcule density is 10～15/mL; Cultivating to the 11st～13 day, the wheel animalcule of 200 order～150 eye mesh screens of throwing something and feeding and cross the Copepods of 150 order～60 eye mesh screens, after throwing something and feeding, in nursery pond, wheel animalcule density is 5～10/mL, Copepods density is 3～5/mL; Cultivating to the 14th～30 day, the Copepods of 150 order～60 eye mesh screens of throwing something and feeding, after throwing something and feeding, in nursery pond, Copepods density is 5～10/mL; Cultivate to the 31st～33 day, the Copepods of 150 order～60 eye mesh screens of throwing something and feeding, more than 60 orders fairy shrimp and chironomus larvas, one day 4～5 times, till fed to appetite, cultivate after the 33rd day, throw something and feed fairy shrimp and fly larvae, one day 4～5 times, till fed to appetite.
In step (2)～step (5) in seedling culture process, utilizing drainage screen to separate the seedling varied in size, detailed process is:
After (a) hatching the 1st～17 day, 1 order, 5 order drainage screens are contour with outdoor nursery pond, first 5 order drainage screens are close at the bottom of pool wall and the pond of nursery pond, then 1 order drainage screen is close to 5 order drainage screens;
B () the 17th day, slowly goes up shifting 40～50cm by 1 order drainage screen, kill each other reducing size cabrilla;
C () the 23rd day, utilizes 1 order, 5 order drainage screens that size seedling is respectively put into different indoor raising of seedling ponds and continues to cultivate to emerging.
Step (2)～step (4) needs to maintain water body system stability in outdoor nursery pond cultivating process, detailed process is: add after cultivating algae water and seedling in outdoor nursery pond, within every five days, bleed off the sea water of 10～15cm height in outdoor nursery pond, add cultivation algae water as replacement, add concentration chlorella, shrimp crack and viable bacteria for three times on the one simultaneously, and keeping in the water body of outdoor nursery pond that dissolved oxygen content is no less than 4mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.7mg/L.
Viable bacteria in the present invention is preferably one or more in bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, yeast and bacillus cereus.
Step (2), step (4) and step (5) need in the cultivating process of indoor raising of seedling pond maintain water body system stability, detailed process is: adds in indoor raising of seedling pond and cultivates algae water, treat to add seedling 1～10 day in indoor raising of seedling pond, it is continuously added into cultivation algae water, when adding seedling the 10th～13 day, it is continuously added into pretreated sea water.
Present invention have the advantage that
(1) the inventive method utilizes different light source, light intensity, light application time that the grouper fry nurturing period is carried out illumination control, maintain stablizing of whole water column structure and ecology, cultivate the later stage in grouper fry and give growth promoter and the survival rate that suitable illumination can effectively facilitate grouper fry;
(2) cultivation cabrilla seedling water body is carried out stability contorting by the fresh algae water (cultivating algae water) of constantly interpolation renewal cultivation, concentration chlorella, viable bacteria, shrimp crack by the inventive method, ensure the mutual balance of the ecological factors such as its Measures of Algae in Water Body, biological feed, prelarva, Organic substance, inorganic matter, maintain stablizing of the factors such as its water body dissolved oxygen amount, ammonia nitrogen, can guarantee that the emergence rate of grouper fry;
(3) the inventive method utilizes 1 order, the 5 order drainage screen separation size cabrilla seedling Ecological niches, reduce internecine loss between cabrilla seedling, and then the growth promoter for cabrilla prelarva provides a suitable water body environment and social environment to ensure that it survives emergence rate;
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
What the present embodiment provided controls the method that grouper fry is cultivated in illumination, comprises the steps of
(1) indoor raising of seedling pond and outdoor nursery pond are set, choose sea water and carry out pretreatment, and cultivate algae water, incubation net cage is set in indoor raising of seedling pond for hatching cabrilla germ cell simultaneously;
(2) in indoor raising of seedling pond after hatching the 3rd～10 day, seedling being placed in outdoor nursery pond and cultivates, light source is nature sunlight;
(3) treating that seedling culture was to the 11st～22 day, on outdoor nursery pond, covered with sunshade net is to reduce intensity of illumination;
(4) treating that seedling culture was to the 23rd～30 day, proceeded to seedling in indoor raising of seedling pond, adopt daylight lamp to carry out illumination, adjustment light intensity is 6500lx, and every day, light application time was 10h;
(5) treating that seedling culture was to the 31st～35 day, adjustment light intensity is 4000lx, and every day, light application time was 8h, emerges after cultivating 35 days.
In step (1), the condition of indoor raising of seedling pond and outdoor nursery pond is recommended as follows:
Outdoor nursery pond size is 36m2, the degree of depth is the cement pit of 1.2m, is covered with cloth for keeping out rain, produces light good, can completely thoroughly descend the impact of sunlight and rain cover, have oxygenation pipeline.
Outdoor nursery pond sunshade net adopts the light transmittance of 80%, blocks sunlight (water body is little, it is prevented that cross the impact of strong sunlight) at ten two o'clock to 14, and is covered on outdoor nursery pond after hatching 11 days and reduces intensity of illumination.
Indoor raising of seedling pond is size is 12m2, the degree of depth is the cement pit of 1.5m, rain-tight, has light and gas charging stone oxygen supplement.
The fresh algae water (cultivating algae water) that outdoor nursery pond need to be changed with cultivation later stage nursery pond for cultivating cabrilla seedling, indoor raising of seedling pond is transferred to indoor culture for the seedling later stage by outdoor and is used.
One small-power water pump of another preparation, for ease of the sea water of fresh pretreatment and calling of fresh algae water.
In step (1), sea water carries out the mode of pretreatment and includes husky filter, sterilization, sterilization and aeration, detailed process is recommended as: all inject in nursery pond after sand filter precipitation by sea water, add the strong chlorine oil sterilization of 25ppm (recommendation), sterilization (first inflate a hour and turn off) 2 days, abundant aeration two days, use in chlorine residue kit measurement water body and whether contain chlorine residue, as there is no can to use, use with standby if any in the sodium thiosulfate of use 15ppm.
The mode cultivating algae water in step (1) includes choosing pretreated sea water, adds concentration chlorella and shrimp crack, cultivates under natural light, and to the final concentration of 1900～2400ppm of chlorella, as cultivating, algae water is stand-by; Detailed process is recommended as: the concentration chlorella adding 50ppm once-a-day in (a) water after processing, and even adds 7 days; B addition 100ppm shrimp crack that () is three times on the one, cultivate under natural light, and chlorella is standby to its final concentration of 1900～2400ppm.
Arranging incubation net cage in step (1) in indoor raising of seedling pond to be recommended as the process hatching cabrilla germ cell: utilize HCG to hasten parturition cabrilla parent, artificial dry method is inseminated, and being placed in size is 1.5m2Left and right, the degree of depth are in the incubation net cage of 1m, hang in indoor hatchery, beat oxygen, to Lotic hatching, it is prevented that ammonia nitrogen amount is excessive.
Incubation net cage is recommended with flowing water, density for 500,000/m3Hatching cabrilla germ cell.
After hatching, the high-quality lithosporic fry of 1～3 day is with density for 8000～16000 tails/m3Sea water is positioned over outdoor nursery pond.
In step (2)～step (5) in seedling culture process, it is necessary to biological feed of throwing something and feeding, described biological feed includes live body sea water concentration chlorella, wheel animalcule, Copepods, chironomus larvas, fairy shrimp and fly larvae.
Wherein live body sea water concentration chlorella, fairy shrimp, chironomus larvas and fly larvae can directly throw in use, wheel animalcule and Copepods need to throw in use after nutrient (east ball) strengthening of the unsaturated fatty acid rich in EPA, DHA.
The process of throwing something and feeding of biological feed is recommended as: after hatching the 3rd～10 day, live body sea water of throwing something and feeding concentration chlorella and cross the wheel animalcule of 200 order～150 eye mesh screens, and after throwing something and feeding, in nursery pond, wheel animalcule density is 10～15/mL; Cultivating to the 11st～13 day, the wheel animalcule of 200 order～150 eye mesh screens of throwing something and feeding and cross the Copepods of 150 order～60 eye mesh screens, after throwing something and feeding, in nursery pond, wheel animalcule density is 5～10/mL, Copepods density is 3～5/mL; Cultivating to the 14th～30 day, the Copepods of 150 order～60 eye mesh screens of throwing something and feeding, after throwing something and feeding, in nursery pond, Copepods density is 5～10/mL; Cultivate to the 31st～33 day, the Copepods of 150 order～60 eye mesh screens of throwing something and feeding, more than 60 orders fairy shrimp and chironomus larvas, one day 4～5 times, till fed to appetite, cultivate after the 33rd day, throw something and feed fairy shrimp and fly larvae, one day 4～5 times, till fed to appetite.
In step (2)～step (5) in seedling culture process, utilizing drainage screen to separate the seedling varied in size, detailed process is:
After (a) hatching the 1st～17 day, 1 order, 5 order drainage screens are contour with outdoor nursery pond, first 5 order drainage screens are close at the bottom of pool wall and the pond of nursery pond, then 1 order drainage screen is close to 5 order drainage screens;
B () about the 17th day, slowly goes up shifting 40～50cm by 1 order drainage screen, kill each other reducing size cabrilla;
C () the 23rd day, utilizes 1 order, 5 order drainage screens that size seedling is respectively put into different indoor raising of seedling ponds and continues to cultivate to emerging.
Step (2)～step (4) needs to maintain water body system stability in outdoor nursery pond cultivating process, detailed process is: add after cultivating algae water and seedling in outdoor nursery pond, within every five days, bleed off the sea water of 10cm height in outdoor nursery pond, add cultivation algae water as replacement, add concentration chlorella, shrimp crack and viable bacteria for three times on the one simultaneously, and keeping in the water body of outdoor nursery pond that dissolved oxygen content is no less than 4mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.7mg/L.
Detailed process is: add after cultivating algae water and seedling in outdoor nursery pond, the addition 50ppm chlorella of three times on the one, 200ppm shrimp crack and 200mL viable bacteria; Within every five days, bleeding off the nursery sea water of nursery pond 10cm height, the fresh algae water (cultivating algae water) adding cultivation is replaced; Detecting water body dissolved oxygen amount and ammonia-nitrogen content every day, dissolved oxygen amount keeps 4mg/L, and ammonia-nitrogen content must not exceed 0.7mg/L, as exceeded, should add fresh algae water in time and regulate; The initial density wherein concentrating chlorella is recommended as 10,000,000,000-200 hundred million/mL.
Step (2), step (4) and step (5) need in the cultivating process of indoor raising of seedling pond maintain water body system stability, detailed process is: adds in indoor raising of seedling pond and cultivates algae water, treat to add in indoor raising of seedling pond 1～10 day of seedling, it is continuously added into cultivation algae water, when adding seedling the 10th～13 day, it is continuously added into pretreated sea water.
Result: after 33 days, cultivates the cabrilla seedling that 4.5 ten thousand length is 2～3.5cm, the survival rate survival rate to 28%, higher than the 5%～10% of usual method altogether. Contrast with the big pool or feed coefficient and cement pit such as table 1 below:
Table 1: different method for culturing seedlings cabrilla nursery situation Data Comparisons
| Method | Survival rate | Yield | Specific yield | The cultivation time | Disease incidence | Operability | Stability |
| The big pool/feed coefficient | 0～10% | 30000/mu | 45 tails/m3 | 20～30 days | Many | > 5 people | Unstable |
| Cement pit | > 20% | 1.5 ten thousand/pond | 600 tails/m3 | 35～38 days | Few | 1～2 people | Stable |
| The present embodiment method | > 30% | > 40,000/pond | 1200 tails/m3 | 30～35 days | Few | 1～2 people | Stable |
Embodiment 2
As different from Example 1, treating that seedling culture was to the 23rd～30 day, proceeded to seedling in indoor raising of seedling pond in step (4), adopt daylight lamp to carry out illumination, adjustment light intensity is 5000lx, and every day, light application time was 10h; Treating in step (5) that seedling culture was to the 31st～35 day, adjustment light intensity is 5000lx, and every day, light application time was 7h, emerges after cultivating 36 days.
Embodiment 3
As different from Example 1, treating that seedling culture was to the 23rd～30 day, proceeded to seedling in indoor raising of seedling pond in step (4), adopt daylight lamp to carry out illumination, adjustment light intensity is 8000lx, and every day, light application time was 8h; Treating in step (5) that seedling culture was to the 31st～35 day, adjustment light intensity is 3000lx, and every day, light application time was 8h, emerges after cultivating 38 days.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to making some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. control the method that grouper fry is cultivated in illumination, it is characterized in that comprising the steps of
(1) indoor raising of seedling pond and outdoor nursery pond are set, choose sea water and carry out pretreatment, and cultivate algae water, incubation net cage is set in indoor raising of seedling pond for hatching cabrilla germ cell simultaneously;
(2) in indoor raising of seedling pond after hatching the 3rd～10 day, seedling being placed in outdoor nursery pond and cultivates, light source is nature sunlight;
(3) treating that seedling culture was to the 11st～22 day, on outdoor nursery pond, covered with sunshade net is to reduce intensity of illumination;
(4) treating that seedling culture was to the 23rd～30 day, proceeded to seedling in indoor raising of seedling pond, adopt daylight lamp to carry out illumination, adjustment light intensity is 5000～8000lx, and every day, light application time was 8～10h;
(5) treating that seedling culture was to the 31st～35 day, adjustment light intensity is 3000～5000lx, and every day, light application time was 7～8h, emerges after cultivating 35～38 days.
2. the method that grouper fry is cultivated in control illumination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sea water preprocessing described in step (1) includes husky filter, sterilization, sterilization and aeration, described cultivation algae water includes choosing pretreated sea water, add concentration chlorella and shrimp crack, cultivate under natural light, to the final concentration of 1900～2400ppm of chlorella, as cultivating, algae water is stand-by.
3. the method that grouper fry is cultivated in control illumination according to claim 1, is characterized in that: seedling being placed in outdoor nursery pond when cultivating in step (2), putting Seedling density is 8000～16000 tail high-quality lithosporic fries/m3Sea water.
4. the method that grouper fry is cultivated in control illumination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (2) after cabrilla germ cell is hatched in indoor raising of seedling pond the 3rd～10 day, seedling is placed in outdoor nursery pond when cultivating, every day 12～14 on outdoor nursery pond covered with sunshade net to reduce intensity of illumination.
5. the method that grouper fry is cultivated in control illumination according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3), the light transmittance of sunshade net is 70～80%.
6. the method that grouper fry is cultivated in control illumination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (2)～step (5) in seedling culture process, biological feed of throwing something and feeding, described biological feed is needed to include live body sea water concentration chlorella, wheel animalcule, Copepods, chironomus larvas, fairy shrimp and fly larvae.
7. the method that grouper fry is cultivated in control illumination according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the process of throwing something and feeding of described biological feed is: after hatching the 3rd～10 day, live body sea water of throwing something and feeding concentrates chlorella and crosses the wheel animalcule of 200 order～150 eye mesh screens, and after throwing something and feeding, in nursery pond, wheel animalcule density is 10～15/mL; Cultivating to the 11st～13 day, the wheel animalcule of 200 order～150 eye mesh screens of throwing something and feeding and cross the Copepods of 150 order～60 eye mesh screens, after throwing something and feeding, in nursery pond, wheel animalcule density is 5～10/mL, Copepods density is 3～5/mL; Cultivating to the 14th～30 day, the Copepods of 150 order～60 eye mesh screens of throwing something and feeding, after throwing something and feeding, in nursery pond, Copepods density is 5～10/mL; Cultivate to the 31st～33 day, the Copepods of 150 order～60 eye mesh screens of throwing something and feeding, more than 60 orders fairy shrimp and chironomus larvas, one day 4～5 times, till fed to appetite, cultivate after the 33rd day, throw something and feed fairy shrimp and fly larvae, one day 4～5 times, till fed to appetite.
8. the method that grouper fry is cultivated in control illumination according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2)～step (5) in seedling culture process, utilizes drainage screen to separate the seedling varied in size, and detailed process is:
After (a) hatching the 1st～17 day, 1 order, 5 order drainage screens are contour with outdoor nursery pond, first 5 order drainage screens are close at the bottom of pool wall and the pond of nursery pond, then 1 order drainage screen is close to 5 order drainage screens;
B () the 17th day, slowly goes up shifting 40～50cm by 1 order drainage screen, kill each other reducing size cabrilla;
C () the 23rd day, utilizes 1 order, 5 order drainage screens that size seedling is respectively put into different indoor raising of seedling ponds and continues to cultivate to emerging.
9. the method that grouper fry is cultivated in control illumination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (2)～step (4) needs to maintain water body system stability in outdoor nursery pond cultivating process, detailed process is: add after cultivating algae water and seedling in outdoor nursery pond, within every five days, bleed off the sea water of 10～15cm height in outdoor nursery pond, add cultivation algae water as replacement, add concentration chlorella for three times on the one simultaneously, shrimp crack and viable bacteria, and keep in the water body of outdoor nursery pond dissolved oxygen content no less than 4mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.7mg/L.
10. the method that grouper fry is cultivated in control illumination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (2), step (4) and step (5) need in the cultivating process of indoor raising of seedling pond maintain water body system stability, detailed process is: adds in indoor raising of seedling pond and cultivates algae water, treat to add in indoor raising of seedling pond 1～10 day of seedling, it is continuously added into cultivation algae water, when adding seedling the 10th～13 day, it is continuously added into pretreated sea water.
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