CN111771772B - Grouper fry breeding method - Google Patents
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- CN111771772B CN111771772B CN202010718135.7A CN202010718135A CN111771772B CN 111771772 B CN111771772 B CN 111771772B CN 202010718135 A CN202010718135 A CN 202010718135A CN 111771772 B CN111771772 B CN 111771772B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seedling raising method, in particular to a grouper seedling raising method, which comprises the following steps: before grouper eggs are put in, a circulating water system with functions of controlling water temperature, sterilizing and filtering is adopted to circularly treat water in a seedling pond, and bacillus subtilis is added; after the circulating water system is closed, grouper eggs are put in, and the water temperature of the seedling pond is controlled to be 25-30 ℃; starting 6 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, opening the circulating water system, and performing water circulation treatment on the seedling pond until grouper seedling culture is completed; and (3) feeding live baits for the grouper eggs after hatching, and feeding different live baits in different growth stages until the grouper fries are finished. The invention keeps the water environment stable by continuously performing the water circulation system in the seedling culture process, shortens the seedling culture period, reduces the disease invasion, reduces the dependence on high-quality water sources, improves the control strength on the seedling culture water quality and increases the seedling culture success rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seedling raising method, in particular to a grouper seedling raising method.
Background
The grouper belongs to the order Perciformes and the family grouper, is a famous and precious marine fish with high nutritional value, and is also an important marine culture species in coastal areas of south China. In recent years, with the development of grouper breeding industry, the demand of breeding enterprises for seedlings is increased year by year, but the grouper seedling raising technology has no new breakthrough and still stays at a relatively extensive seedling raising stage.
At present, indoor industrial seedling culture and outdoor high-level pond seedling culture are adopted as the grouper seedling culture modes, and the 2 seedling culture modes are affected by weather change, algae water supply problem, later water quality deterioration and the like, so that diseases are easily infected in the seedling culture stage, and the success rate is low.
According to the traditional seedling raising mode, oyster oosperms are used as initial baits of groupers, the oysters are uneven in quality and affected by market supply and seasons, the nutrition requirements of fish fries cannot be met when the oyster oosperms grow to the basilar wheel larva stage, meanwhile, the oyster oosperms are fed for 2 times a day, and much time is spent on squeezing the oysters. In the traditional seedling raising mode, copepods are used as grouper baits in the middle and later stages, the copepods are usually collected from a shrimp pond and are influenced by long transportation time and improper collection mode, the survival rate of the copepods is lower than 50 percent, particularly in summer, the copepods are influenced by high temperature, and the death rate is higher than 80 percent. The fry basically does not eat dead copepods, water quality is easy to deteriorate when the fry is fed into a seedling pool, meanwhile, the fry is easy to bring a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms into the fry through baits such as oysters and shrimps in the pool, diseases in the later stage of seedling culture are increased, and the survival rate of the fry is low.
In the traditional seedling culture, chlorella is cultured, a certain amount of algae water is added into a seedling culture pond every day to purify ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in a seedling culture water body, sediment needs to be cleaned through bottom suction in the later stage of seedling culture, the water environment is susceptible to weather change (cloudy and clear, air pressure change, abnormal air temperature and the like), and the problems of algae falling, pH value reduction, dissolved oxygen reduction and the like occur in the seedling culture pond, so that the fry can die due to stress.
In the patent with publication number CN201510222650.5, a grouper cultivation method and system are disclosed, wherein the cultivation wastewater is sequentially subjected to mechanical filtration treatment, floating bed biochemical treatment, sterilization treatment, microfiltration treatment and water quality regulation treatment to reach the preset cultivation index and serve as cultivation seawater for recycling, but the adopted circulating system aims at recycling the wastewater, wherein the adopted floating bed biochemical treatment makes the water quality change to be not beneficial to the water stability.
In the patent with publication number CN202010118340.X, a cultivation method for improving disease resistance and stress resistance of rockfish fry is disclosed, which comprises feeding fairy shrimp nauplii and compound feed, and feeding SS type wheel, wherein the fish fry has nutrition regulation in different periods, immunity of fish fry and stress resistance and disease resistance of rockfish, but the compound feed needs to be added, and comprises 2-4 parts of krill powder, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus rhamnosus fermentation powder, lecithin, corn starch, laver powder, vitamin B12 and adhesive; the addition of the compound feed can easily lead the water to be turbid, is not beneficial to the stability of the culture water environment, is not beneficial to the survival of the fairy shrimp nauplii in the water, and indirectly increases the cost for adding the fairy shrimp nauplii.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a grouper fry breeding method for stabilizing a breeding water environment, which can improve the yield of fries.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a grouper fry breeding method comprises the following steps:
s1 comprises the following steps: before grouper eggs are put in, a circulating water system with functions of controlling water temperature, sterilizing and filtering is adopted to circularly treat water in a seedling pond, and bacillus subtilis is added;
s2 comprises the following steps: after the circulating water system is closed, grouper eggs are put in, and the water temperature of the seedling pond is controlled to be 25-30 ℃;
s3 comprises the following steps: starting 6 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, opening a circulating water system, and performing water circulation treatment on the seedling culture pond until grouper seedling culture is completed;
s4 comprises the following steps: live baits are fed to the grouper eggs 3 days after hatching, and different live baits are fed in different growth stages until grouper fry breeding is completed.
Optionally, the water circulation treatment comprises adding beneficial bacteria.
Optionally, in step S3, the circulation volume of the water in the nursery pond is controlled to be the following percentage of the total volume of the water in the nursery pond at different age periods of days after hatching by the grouper eggs:
controlling the age of 6-10 days to be 5-10%;
the age of 11 to 15 days is controlled to be 20 percent;
controlling the age of 16-20 days to be 30%;
controlling the age of 21-25 days to be 50%;
the age of 26-30 days is controlled to be 80 percent.
Optionally, step S4 includes: after hatching of grouper eggs
Feeding ss type rotifers every day at the age of 3-6 days;
feeding L-shaped rotifers every day at the age of 7-20 days;
the fairy shrimp is fed every day at 21-30 days old.
Optionally, the fairy shrimp is nauplius larva hatched for 22-15 h from fairy shrimp eggs in seawater at 25-30 ℃;
feeding the grouper fries of 20-22 days old with newly hatched artemia cystatina;
feeding the 22-24-day-old grouper fries with 0.5-day-old artemia cysts;
feeding 24-26-day-old grouper fries with 1-day-old brine bugs;
feeding 26-28 days old grouper fries with 2 days old artemia cysts;
the grouper fries of 28-30 days old are fed with the fairy shrimp of 3 days old.
Optionally, during the 3-20 day old stage after hatching of the grouper eggs: the concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 100-200 hundred million cells/ml is sprinkled every day.
Optionally, the mouth of the nursery pond is provided with a water inlet.
Optionally, the center of the bottom of the seedling raising pool is provided with a water outlet, the pool low area is 15-25 square meters, the pool depth is 1.2-2 m, and the radian is 5%.
Optionally, a circulating water system, comprising: the device comprises a micro-filter, a protein separator, a biological filter water treatment device, an ultraviolet sterilizer and an air source heat pump which are sequentially connected, wherein a water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected with a water inlet of a seedling raising pond, and a water outlet of the seedling raising pond is connected with a water inlet of the micro-filter.
Optionally, the water outlet of the air source heat pump is further connected with more than one water inlet of the circulation tank, and the water outlet of the circulation tank is connected with the water inlet of the micro-filter.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention keeps the water environment stable by continuously performing the water circulation system in the seedling culture process, shortens the seedling culture period, reduces the disease invasion, reduces the dependence on high-quality water sources, improves the control strength on the seedling culture water quality and increases the seedling culture success rate.
The sterilizing function in the water circulation system can kill harmful organisms such as vibrios, parasites and the like in the seedling water body, and the filtering function removes most suspended particles and reduces the formation of sediments in the seedling water body. The water circulation system can maintain the water environment of the seedling raising pond to be stable and effectively resist the influence of severe weather.
The application of the water circulation system and the use of the live baits can reduce the use of ingredients, so that the requirement of grouper seedling culture can be met, the success rate of seedling culture reaches 93%, the obtained grouper seedlings are healthier, no harmful substances are accumulated in the body, and the success rate of later-period culture can be obviously improved.
Wherein the continuous circulating water system is started 6 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, and aims at stabilizing the environment of the water body, including pH value, temperature and growth of beneficial microorganisms.
2. The invention adopts ss type rotifers as initial feed, and the palatability is not different from that of oysters; ss type rotifers can survive in the nursery pond and continuously provide bait for fish fries. According to the invention, toyota planispora of different ages of days is used to replace copepods according to the change of the caliber of the fry, and only the nutrition is intensified before feeding, so that the nutrition requirement of the fry can be met, and live bait can be provided for the fry. The artificially cultivated ss rotifer and fairy shrimp are used for replacing naturally obtained baits, so that the risk of infected diseases can be greatly reduced, and the seedling culture success rate and the seedling yield are improved.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention by way of specific embodiments thereof.
The embodiment provides a grouper fry breeding method, which comprises the following steps: s1 comprises the following steps: before the grouper eggs are put in, a circulating water system with functions of controlling water temperature, sterilizing and filtering is adopted to circularly treat water in the seedling raising pool, and bacillus subtilis is added;
s2 comprises the following steps: after the circulating water system is closed, grouper eggs are put in, and the water temperature of the seedling pond is controlled to be 25-30 ℃;
s3 comprises the following steps: starting 6 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, opening a circulating water system, and performing water circulation treatment on the seedling culture pond until grouper seedling culture is completed;
s4 comprises the following steps: and (3) feeding live baits for the grouper eggs after hatching, and feeding different live baits in different growth stages until the grouper fries are finished.
In the embodiment, the water body is kept stable by the functions of controlling the water temperature, sterilizing and filtering of the circulating water system. The use of a water circulation system and live baits can reduce the use of ingredients, meet the requirements of grouper fry culture, ensure that the success rate of fry culture reaches 93 percent, ensure that the obtained grouper fry is healthier, have no harmful substances accumulated in the body and can obviously improve the success rate of later-period culture.
The live baits are adopted, so that the problems that the diseases are increased in the later stage of seedling raising and the survival rate of the seedling raising is low due to the fact that a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms are easily brought into the fries through the baits such as oysters and shrimp pond copepods are solved, the risk of infected diseases can be greatly reduced, and the seedling raising success rate and the fry yield are improved.
In the step S1, before the water circulation treatment, the seedling raising pool is disinfected by bleaching powder, cleaned by clear water, aired for one day, added with new water subjected to sand filtration treatment, and boiledStarting a circulating water system, and performing water treatment circulation on the seedling culture system; when the circulating water system is started, the bacillus subtilis is 2-3g/m 3 The amount of water is added. The bacillus subtilis can degrade toxic substances such as nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and the like, optimize the environment of the seedling raising pool, inhibit the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria.
Preferably, micro-aeration is carried out, the circulation time of the water circulation system is 10-15 times/24 h, and grouper roe can be put in after 3-5 days of circulation.
Preferably, after the circulating water system is closed and before spawn discharging, micro-aeration is carried out in the seedling pool until seedling is finished, and the micro-aeration ensures that bubbles generated on the water surface of the seedling pool have a radius of 5-10 cm; the method aims to keep the stability of oxygen bubbles in the water body in the culture pond and prevent the water body from rolling over to cause damage to the newly hatched larval fish caused by overlarge oxygen bubbles. The test shows that: when eggs are put, the circulating water system is not continued but micro-aeration is adopted, and compared with the method that the circulating water system is adopted for circulating treatment all the time, the success rate of seedling culture is higher.
Experiments show that: if the seedling raising success rate of the circulating water system is only 70 percent and only micro-aeration is carried out during egg laying, the success rate is over 90 percent, and the possible reason is that continuous circulating treatment is not beneficial to the adaptation of the grouper eggs to the water body.
When laying eggs, the egg laying density is 50-80g/m 3 The water temperature is controlled between 25 ℃ and 30 ℃, and the fry can be hatched for 32 to 22 hours.
The circulating water system has the functions of filtering, sterilizing, controlling water temperature and circulating, and is the key for keeping the water body stable, large suspended particles are removed in the filtering purpose, the accumulated matters in the seedling raising water body are prevented from being formed, the temperature control function effectively resists the influence of severe weather, and the circulating can prevent the problems of algae pouring, pH value reduction, dissolved oxygen reduction and the like in the seedling raising pond, so that the fish fry can be prevented from being killed by stress.
In the embodiment, in the whole seedling raising process, the dissolved oxygen in the seedling raising pool is kept to be more than 5mg/L, the pH value is 7.5-8.2, the salinity is 25-30, the water temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 4000-10000lux (the illumination intensity at the early stage is 8000-12000lux, and the illumination intensity is adjusted to be 4000-8000lux when the fairy shrimp is fed.
In order to improve the reduction of harmful microorganisms in the nursery pond in the water circulation treatment, beneficial bacteria, preferably nitrobacteria, are added into the water circulation system, so that the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the nursery pond can be reduced.
In order to prevent the instability of the water environment for the growth of the larval fish or the young fish of the grouper caused by over-circulation, in the step S3, the circulation amount of the water in the seedling raising pond is respectively controlled to be the following percentage of the total volume of the water in the seedling raising pond at different age stages after the grouper eggs are hatched:
controlling the age of 6-10 days to be 5-10%;
the age of 11-15 days is controlled to be 20 percent;
controlling the age of 16-20 days to be 30%;
controlling the age of 21-25 days to be 50%;
the age of 26-30 days is controlled to be 80 percent.
The circulating water system is simultaneously connected with more than 1 circulating pool which does not carry out seedling culture to carry out self-circulation of the water body, so that the normal growth of microorganisms (beneficial bacteria such as nitrobacteria) in the water circulating system is ensured, and the effect of maintaining the stable water quality of the seedling culture system is also played.
In the embodiment, the step S4 of continuously providing live baits for the fry includes: after incubation of grouper eggs
Feeding ss type rotifers every day at 3-6 days old;
feeding L-type rotifers every day at the age of 7-20 days;
the fairy shrimp is fed every day at 21-30 days old.
The implementation mode adopts ss type rotifers as the initial feed, and the palatability is not different from that of oysters; the ss type rotifers can survive in the seedling raising pool and continuously provide baits for the fry. The ss type rotifer is used as initial bait, and the density of the bait in the nursery pond is sufficient (10-20 pieces/ml).
And preferably, in the 3-20 day-old stage after hatching of the grouper eggs: the concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 100-200 hundred million cells/ml is sprinkled every day. Sprinkling for 2 times per day, preferably at 9 and 16 times per day, each time according to 5ml/m 3 Volume of waterAnd (4) sprinkling to ensure the nutrition of the rotifers in the pool, prevent the ss-type rotifers which are not eaten from continuing to grow, prevent death from polluting the water body, and further ensure the stability of the water body.
Preferably, the L-shaped rotifers are fed, and the density of the rotifers in the seedling culture pond is kept between 5 and 10/ml.
Preferably, the fairy shrimp density in the nursery pond is kept between 1 and 2/ml. The fairy shrimp is nauplius larva hatched for 22-15 h from fairy shrimp eggs in seawater at the temperature of 25-30 ℃;
feeding the grouper fries of 20-22 days old with newly hatched artemia cystatina;
feeding 22-24 days old grouper fries with 0.5 day old artemia cystatina;
feeding 1-day-old brine shrimp of 24-26-day-old grouper fries;
feeding 26-28 days old grouper fries with 2 days old artemia cysts;
and feeding the grouper fries of 28-30 days old with 3 days old fairy shrimp.
In the embodiment, the pleiones fed at the age of 21-30 days are fed with the pleiones at different ages according to different ages, so that the growth requirements of grouper fries can be met, and other non-living ingredients are not required to be added, so that the stability of the water in the seedling raising pond is improved. Wherein, the fairy shrimp just hatched is not reinforced, and fairy shrimp of 0.5-3 days old is reinforced by schizochytrium limacinum and spirulina for 6-8 h before feeding (5 g schizochytrium limacinum and 5g spirulina are fed per 100 ten thousand fairy worms).
Preferably, the mouth of the seedling raising pond is used as a water inlet, the center of the bottom of the seedling raising pond is used as a water outlet, the low area of the pond is 15-25 square meters, the depth of the pond is 1.2-2 m, and the radian is 5%. The water inlet is arranged at the mouth of the pond, which is another key point of the embodiment, circulating water flows into the seedling raising pond from the mouth of the pond, so that the influence on the growth of seedlings and living feeds can be reduced, and the seedling raising pond matched with the water circulating system has the advantages of low pond area of 15-25 square meters, pond depth of 1.2-2 m and radian of 5 percent. Preferably, a 40-mesh silk net is used at the water outlet to prevent the fry from escaping
Preferably, the seedling raising pool is a round cement pool or a glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel.
Preferably, the circulating water system in the present embodiment includes: the device comprises a micro-filter, a protein separator, a biological filter water treatment device, an ultraviolet sterilizer and an air source heat pump which are sequentially connected, wherein a water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected with a water inlet of a seedling raising pond, and a water outlet of the seedling raising pond is connected with a water inlet of the micro-filter.
The water outlet of the air source heat pump is also connected with the water inlet of more than one circulation tank, and the water outlet of the circulation tank is connected with the water inlet of the micro-filter. The circulating tank is used for self-circulation of the water body, seedling culture is not carried out in the whole seedling culture stage, normal growth of microorganisms (beneficial bacteria such as nitrobacteria) in the circulating system biological filter is guaranteed, and the effect of maintaining stable water quality of the seedling culture system is also achieved.
Wherein, air source heat pump, this equipment can heat and cool down the circulating water, can stabilize the temperature in suitable scope, prevents the temperature ripples
Wherein, the biological filter water treatment device contains beneficial bacteria including nitrifying bacteria.
Example 1
A method for breeding grouper by using a seedling culture method,
s1, connecting a circulating water system: the glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel is used as a seedling raising pool, the pool has the low area of 25 square meters, the pool depth of 1.8m and the radian of 5 percent, the pool opening of the seedling raising pool is arranged as a water inlet, the center of the bottom of the seedling raising pool is arranged as a water outlet, a 40-mesh sieve silk net is used for the water outlet,
sequentially connecting a micro-filter, a protein separator, a biological filter water treatment device, an ultraviolet sterilizer and an air source heat pump, wherein a water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected with a water inlet of a seedling raising pond, and a water outlet of the seedling raising pond is connected with a water inlet of the micro-filter;
the water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected with the water inlet of the circulating pool, and the water inlet of the micro-filter is connected with the water outlet of the circulating pool.
S2, sterilizing the seedling raising pond: disinfecting a seedling raising pond by bleaching powder, cleaning by clear water, and airing for one day for later use.
S3, water injection and circulating water system treatment in the seedling raising pond: adding new water subjected to sand filtration treatment into the seedling raising pond, starting a circulating water system, and performing water treatment circulation on the seedling raising pond for circulation timesCirculating for 5 days for 10 times/24 h, and when the circulation system is started, the bacillus subtilis is 2g/m 3 Adding the amount of the water body;
s4, egg laying: after circulation is finished, closing a water outlet of the seedling raising pool to withdraw from the circulation system, carrying out micro-aeration on water in the seedling raising pool to ensure that the radius of generated bubbles formed on the surface of a water body is 5-10cm, and starting to throw in grouper roes; egg laying density is 50g/m 3 Controlling the water temperature at 30 ℃ until the fry is hatched for 32-22 h;
s5, a continuous circulating water system: starting 6 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, opening a circulating water system, and performing water circulation treatment on the seedling culture pond until grouper seedling culture is completed;
controlling the circulation amount of water in the seedling raising pond to be the following percentage of the total volume of the water in the seedling raising pond respectively at different age periods of days after hatching of grouper eggs:
controlling the age of 6-10 days to be 5-10%;
the age of 11-15 days is controlled to be 20 percent;
controlling the age of 16-20 days to be 30%;
controlling the age of 21-25 days to be 50%;
the age of 26-30 days is controlled to be 80%.
S6, in the whole seedling raising process, the dissolved oxygen in the seedling raising pool is kept to be more than 5mg/L, the pH value is 7.5-8.2, the salinity is 25-30, the water temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 4000-10000lux (the illumination intensity at the early stage is 8000-12000lux, and the illumination intensity is adjusted to be 4000-8000lux when the fairy shrimp starts to be fed).
S7, controlling baits at different growth stages of the fry: feeding live baits for 3 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, and feeding different live baits in different growth stages until grouper fry culture is completed
S71: and (3) feeding the ss-type rotifers every day at 3-6 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, wherein the density of the ss-type rotifers in the seedling culture pond is 15/ml by feeding for 3 times every day at 6 points, 10 points and 15 points every day. Meanwhile, concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 100 hundred million cells/ml is splashed every day. Sprinkling for 2 times a day at 9 and 16 points, each time according to 5ml/m 3 Splashing the water body;
s72: in rockfish roeFeeding L-type rotifers at 7-20 days after incubation every day, keeping the density of the L-type rotifers in a nursery pond at 5-10/ml, feeding for 3 times every day at 6 points, 10 points and 15 points every day respectively; meanwhile, concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 100 hundred million cells/ml is sprinkled every day. Sprinkling for 2 times a day at 9 and 16 points, each time according to 5ml/m 3 Splashing the water body;
s73: feeding the grouper eggs at 21-30 days after hatching with the artemia cysts every day, keeping the density of the artemia cysts at the corresponding day in the nursery pond at 1-2/ml, and feeding the grouper eggs for 2 times every day, namely 6 o 'clock and 15 o' clock earlier respectively;
feeding the newly hatched fairy shrimp of the grouper fries of 20-22 days old;
feeding the 22-24-day-old grouper fries with 0.5-day-old artemia cysts;
feeding 24-26-day-old grouper fries with 1-day-old brine bugs;
feeding 26-28 days old grouper fries with 2 days old artemia cysts;
feeding grouper fries of 28-30 days old with 3 days old fairy shrimp;
wherein, the fairy shrimp of 0.5-3 days old needs to be strengthened by schizochytrium limacinum and spirulina for 6-8 h before feeding (5 g of schizochytrium limacinum and 5g of spirulina are fed per 100 million fairy worms).
In this example, the success rate of seedling culture was 93%.
Example 2
The other points are different from example 1 in that:
step S1, using a circular cement pond as a seedling raising pond, wherein the pond has a low area of 15 square meters, a pond depth of 2m and a radian of 5%;
in the step S3, the circulation frequency is 12 times/24 h, the circulation lasts for 3-day, and when the circulation system is started, the bacillus subtilis is in a ratio of 3g/m 3 Adding the amount of the water body;
in step S4, the egg laying density is 60g/m 3 Controlling the water temperature to be 25 ℃;
in step S71, the ss-type rotifers are fed to the grouper eggs every day at 3-6 days after hatching, and the density of the ss-type rotifers in the seedling culture pond is 10/ml. Meanwhile, concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 200 hundred million cells/ml is splashed every day.
In step S72, concentrated chlorella solution with a concentration of 200 hundred million cells/ml is sprinkled every day.
In this example, the success rate of seedling culture was 90%.
Example 3
The other points are different from example 1 in that:
in the step S1, a circular cement pond is used as a seedling raising pond, the pond is low in area and has a square meter of 20, the pond depth is 1.2m and the radian is 5%;
in the step S3, the circulation frequency is 15 times/24 h, the circulation lasts for 4 days, and when the circulation system is started, the bacillus subtilis is 2g/m 3 Adding the amount of the water body;
in step S4, the egg laying density is 80g/m 3 The water temperature is controlled at 28 ℃;
in step S71, the ss-type rotifers are fed to the grouper eggs every day at 3-6 days after hatching, and the density of the ss-type rotifers in the seedling culture pond is 10/ml. Meanwhile, concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 150 hundred million cells/ml is splashed every day.
In step S72, concentrated chlorella solution with a concentration of 150 hundred million cells/ml is sprinkled every day.
In this example, the success rate of seedling growth was 89%.
Comparative example 1
Otherwise, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the microbubbles in step S4 are simultaneously subjected to the continuous circulation water system treatment.
The success rate of the seedling raising of comparative example 1 was 70%.
Comparative example 2
The other points are different from example 1 in that:
in the step S5, the water circulation quantity in the continuous circulating water system is always less than 30% of the total volume of the water in the seedling raising pond.
The success rate of raising seedlings of comparative example 2 was 70%.
Comparative example 3
The other points are different from example 1 in that: the ingredients disclosed in patent No. cn202010118340.X are added at the same time as the bait is put in.
The success rate of raising seedlings of comparative example 3 was 83%.
The success rates of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were determined by a plurality of experiments in parallel.
Comparative examples 1-3 illustrate that: the invention can improve the success rate of seedling raising by stopping water circulation during egg laying, and can improve the success rate of seedling raising by circulating water in different seedling raising stages. On the premise of the same circulating water quantity, the addition of the ingredients obviously reduces the survival rate.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A grouper fry rearing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 comprises the following steps: before grouper eggs are put in, a circulating water system with functions of controlling water temperature, sterilizing and filtering is adopted to circularly treat water in a seedling pond, and bacillus subtilis is added;
s2 comprises the following steps: after the circulating water system is closed, grouper eggs are put in, and the water temperature of the seedling pond is controlled to be 25-30 ℃;
s3 comprises the following steps: starting 6 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, opening the circulating water system, and performing water circulation treatment on the seedling culture pond until grouper seedlings are cultured; respectively controlling the circulation amount of water in the nursery pond to be the following percentage of the total volume of the water in the nursery pond at different age periods of days after hatching by using grouper eggs:
controlling the age of 6-10 days to be 5-10%;
the age of 11 to 15 days is controlled to be 20 percent;
controlling the age of 16-20 days to be 30%;
controlling the age of 21-25 days to be 50%;
the age of 26-30 days is controlled to be 80 percent;
s4 comprises the following steps: feeding live baits for 3 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, and feeding different live baits in different growth stages until grouper fry breeding is completed;
the step S4 comprises the following steps: the incubated rockfish eggs are fed with ss-type rotifers every day at the age of 3-6 days, and the density of the ss-type rotifers is 10-20/ml; feeding L-shaped rotifers every day at the age of 7-20 days, and keeping the density of the rotifers in the seedling pond at 5-10/ml; feeding the fairy shrimp every 21-30 days old, and keeping the density of the fairy shrimp in a seedling pond to be 1-2/ml; the fairy shrimp is nauplius larva hatched for 22-15 h from fairy shrimp eggs in seawater at the temperature of 25-30 ℃;
feeding the grouper fries of 21-22 days old with newly hatched artemia cystatina;
feeding 22-24 days old grouper fries with 0.5-mouth old artemia cystatina;
feeding 24-26-day-old grouper fries with 1-day-old brine bugs;
feeding 26-28 days old grouper fries with 2 days old artemia cysts;
feeding the grouper fries of 28-30 days old with 3 days old fairy shrimp;
in the step S2, the putting density of the grouper eggs is 50-80g/m 3 ；
In the whole seedling raising process, the early illumination intensity is 8000-12000lux, and the illumination intensity is adjusted to 4000-8000lux when the fairy shrimp starts to be fed;
after hatching, the grouper eggs are 3-20 days old: sprinkling concentrated chlorella solution with concentration of 100-200 hundred million cells/ml every day for 2 times every day, each time according to 5ml/m 3 The amount of water is sprinkled.
2. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 1, wherein: the water circulation treatment comprises the addition of beneficial bacteria.
3. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 1, wherein: the mouth of the seedling raising pond is provided with a water inlet.
4. A grouper fry rearing method according to claim 3, wherein: the center of the bottom of the seedling raising pond is arranged asThe pool low area of the water outlet is 15 to 25m 2 The depth of the pool is 1.2-2 m, and the radian is 5%.
5. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 1, wherein the circulating water system comprises: the device comprises a micro-filter, a protein separator, a biological filter water treatment device, an ultraviolet sterilizer and an air source heat pump which are sequentially connected, wherein a water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected with a water inlet of a seedling raising pond, and a water outlet of the seedling raising pond is connected with a water inlet of the micro-filter.
6. A grouper fry rearing method according to claim 5, wherein: the water outlet of the air source heat pump is also connected with the water inlet of more than one circulation tank, and the water outlet of the circulation tank is connected with the water inlet of the micro-filter.
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| AU2021232694B2 (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2023-11-02 | Hainan Green Algae World Biotechnology Co. Ltd | Method for hatching and culturing grouper using chlorella |
| CN114027229A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-11 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Novel method for cultivating takifugu rubripes fries |
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| CN103444603B (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-03-11 | 中山大学 | Method for culturing grouper fries in small water body |
| CN103493759B (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2015-10-07 | 宁德市南海水产科技有限公司 | A kind of grouper scale artificial seedling rearing method |
| CN104872013B (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2017-08-18 | 惠东县水产技术推广站 | Grouper cultivating method and system |
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