CN106718723B - Pollution-free high-yield planting method for anoectochilus formosanus - Google Patents
Pollution-free high-yield planting method for anoectochilus formosanus Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718723B CN106718723B CN201611045411.8A CN201611045411A CN106718723B CN 106718723 B CN106718723 B CN 106718723B CN 201611045411 A CN201611045411 A CN 201611045411A CN 106718723 B CN106718723 B CN 106718723B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pollution-free high-yield planting method of anoectochilus formosanus, which comprises the following steps of: A. building a greenhouse, and arranging a plurality of layers of shading nets at the top and the side of the greenhouse; B. digging a plurality of cultivation ponds on the bottom surface in the greenhouse, wherein the width of each cultivation pond is 80cm to 120cm, and the depth of each cultivation pond is 30cm to 50 cm; C. adding a culture medium: paving a layer of pine nut shells with the thickness of 10cm to 25cm at the bottom of the cultivation pool, paving a mixture of humus and sheep manure above the pine nut shells, wherein the ratio of the humus to the sheep manure is (3-5): 1, the thickness of the humus to the sheep manure is 15cm to 30cm, and paving sawdust with the thickness of 5cm to 15cm above the mixture of the humus and the sheep manure; D. planting the tissue culture seedlings on a culture medium, wherein the plant spacing is 1cm to 2cm, and the row spacing is 1cm to 2 cm; E. and (5) managing. The method provides a better environment for the growth of the anoectochilus formosanus, and can improve the yield and the quality of the anoectochilus formosanus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of anoectochilus formosanus planting equipment, in particular to a pollution-free high-yield planting method of anoectochilus formosanus.
Background
Anoectochilus roxburghii is a perennial Chinese herbal medicine of the Anoectochilus roxburghii of the Anoectochilus labiata of the Orchidaceae, is also named as Anoectochilus roxburghii, hypericum japonicum, golden thread, black ginseng, Indian tiger banana, desmodium, Anoectochilus roxburghii and the like, is a valuable Chinese herbal medicine, has high medicinal value, and is distributed in trenches, stone walls and moist zones with loose soil of evergreen broad-leaf trees in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan. The planting difficulty is high, the requirement on the growth environment is high, the existing planting technology refers to the high-yield cultivation technology of the anoectochilus roxburghii greenhouse published in the Fujian agricultural science 2013, the anoectochilus roxburghii is likely to grow in a humid substrate and needs to be watered frequently, the existing substrate adopts turfy soil or peat soil, and if the watering amount at a certain time is too much, water is likely to accumulate at the bottom of the substrate, waterlogging is caused, the growth of the anoectochilus roxburghii is influenced, and the yield is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pollution-free high-yield planting method for anoectochilus formosanus, which can prevent waterlogging.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a pollution-free high-yield planting method of anoectochilus formosanus comprises the following steps:
A. building a greenhouse, and arranging a plurality of layers of shading nets at the top and the side of the greenhouse;
B. digging a plurality of cultivation ponds on the ground in the greenhouse, wherein the width of each cultivation pond is 80cm to 120cm, and the depth of each cultivation pond is 30cm to 50 cm;
C. adding a culture medium: paving a layer of pine nut shells with the thickness of 10cm to 25cm at the bottom of the cultivation pool, paving a mixture of humus and sheep manure above the pine nut shells, wherein the mass ratio of the humus to the sheep manure is (3-5): 1, the paving thickness is 15cm to 30cm, and paving sawdust with the thickness of 5cm to 15cm above the mixture of the humus and the sheep manure;
D. planting the tissue culture seedlings on a culture medium, wherein the plant spacing is 1cm to 2cm, and the row spacing is 1cm to 2 cm;
E. management: the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 20-40 ℃, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 80-95%; fertilizing once every half month, wherein the fertilizer adopts pig manure, cow manure, soybean cake or biogas liquid, and 100g to 200g of ferrous sulfate is added into every 100kg of the fertilizer; watering once a week; the number of layers of the shading net is increased or decreased according to the illumination intensity, and direct sunlight is avoided.
Further, in the step A, the shading net comprises an outer shading net and an inner shading net, wherein the outer shading net is a layer and covers the outer surface of the greenhouse;
the inner shading net comprises a first side net, a second side net, a third side net, a fourth side net, a first horizontal net and a second horizontal net, the first side net, the second side net, the third side net and the fourth side net are sequentially laid on the inner surfaces of the four side walls of the greenhouse, the first horizontal net and the second horizontal net are laid on the inner surface of the top of the greenhouse, the first side net, the first horizontal net and the third side net are connected into a whole, and the second side net, the second horizontal net and the fourth side net are connected into a whole; a horizontal support shaft is arranged below the joint of each side net and the horizontal net;
a first driving shaft is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first side net, a second driving shaft is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second side net, a third driving shaft is arranged at the bottom of the third side net, a fourth driving shaft is arranged at the bottom of the fourth side net, pull ropes are fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the third side net and the fourth side net, and the pull ropes are wound on the third driving shaft and the fourth driving shaft; the first driving shaft is connected with a first positive and negative rotation motor, the second driving shaft is connected with a second positive and negative rotation motor, the first driving shaft is connected with a third driving shaft through a belt, and the second driving shaft is connected with a fourth driving shaft through a belt.
Further, in the step C, the thickness of the pine nut shells is 20cm, the thickness of the mixture of the humus soil and the sheep manure is 20cm, and the thickness of the sawdust is 10 cm.
Further, in step C, pine sawdust is used as sawdust.
Further, in the step C, the sawdust is the saw dust of the sand pine.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the matrix adopts mixture and sawdust of pine nut shell, humus soil and sheep manure laid in proper order from supreme down, and pine nut shell is bulky, has the clearance each other, and when the volume of watering was too much, water flowed in the bottom of cultivation pond through the pine nut shell, avoids the root of gold thread lotus to receive the waterlogging. The humus soil is loose, the fertilizer efficiency of the sheep manure is good, no pollution is caused, and the quality of the anoectochilus formosanus is guaranteed. The sawdust has functions of loosening, ventilating and moisturizing, and can effectively prevent humus soil from hardening after being mixed with humus soil, so that the anoectochilus roxburghii can grow normally. The method provides a better environment for the growth of the anoectochilus formosanus, and can improve the yield and the quality of the anoectochilus formosanus.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a greenhouse according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the green house of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1-greenhouse; 2-a shading net; 21-an external shading net; 22-internal shade net; 23 — a first side web; 24-a second side web; 25-third side net; 26-fourth side net; 27 — a first horizontal wire; 28-a second horizontal wire; 29-a support shaft; 3, a cultivation pond; 4-pine nut shell; 5-mixture of humus and sheep manure; 6-sawdust; 71 — a first drive shaft; 72 — a second drive shaft; 73 — a third drive shaft; 74-a fourth drive shaft; 75-pulling rope; 76-a first counter-rotating motor; 77-second positive and negative rotation motor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the pollution-free high-yield planting method of anoectochilus formosanus comprises the following steps:
A. the greenhouse 1 is built, and the top and the side of the greenhouse 1 are provided with a plurality of layers of shading nets 2. Because anoectochilus formosanus likes a dark and humid environment and cannot be directly irradiated by sunlight, the multilayer shading net 2 is arranged to reduce the light transmittance.
B. A plurality of cultivation ponds 3 are dug on the ground in the greenhouse 1, the width of each cultivation pond 3 is 80cm to 120cm, and the depth of each cultivation pond 3 is 30cm to 50 cm. The length of the cultivation ponds 3 is determined according to the length of the greenhouse 1, and the distance between every two adjacent cultivation ponds 3 is equal.
C. Adding a culture medium: a layer of pine nut shell 4 with the thickness of 10cm to 25cm is laid at the bottom of the cultivation pool 3, a mixture 5 of humus and sheep manure is laid above the pine nut shell 4, the mass ratio of the humus to the sheep manure is (3-5): 1, the thickness is 15cm to 30cm, and sawdust 6 with the thickness of 5cm to 15cm is laid above the mixture 5 of the humus and the sheep manure. The pine nut shells 4 are large in size and have gaps, when the watering amount is too large, water flows into the bottom of the cultivation pool 3 through the pine nut shells 4, and the roots of anoectochilus formosanus are prevented from being damaged by waterlogging. The humus soil is loose, the fertilizer efficiency of the sheep manure is good, no pollution is caused, and the quality of the anoectochilus formosanus is guaranteed. The sawdust has functions of loosening, ventilating and moisturizing, and can effectively prevent humus soil from hardening after being mixed with humus soil, so that the anoectochilus roxburghii can grow normally.
D. The tissue culture seedlings are planted on a culture medium, the plant spacing is 1cm to 2cm, and the row spacing is 1cm to 2 cm.
E. Management: the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 20-40 ℃, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 80-95%; fertilizing once every half month, wherein the fertilizer adopts pig manure, cow manure, soybean cake or biogas liquid, and 100g to 200g of ferrous sulfate is added into every 100kg of the fertilizer; watering once a week; the number of layers of the shading net is increased or decreased according to the illumination intensity, and direct sunlight is avoided. The temperature control and the humidity control are mature technologies, and the control equipment and the control method adopt the common technology of the existing greenhouse. The pig manure, the cow manure, the soybean cake and the biogas liquid are all organic fertilizers, so that the fertilizer is pollution-free and has good fertilizer efficiency. After ferrous sulfate is added during fertilization, leaves of anoectochilus formosanus are dark green and rich in luster, photosynthesis can be better carried out, and the yield and the quality are improved. The reduction of the illumination intensity can affect the photosynthesis of the anoectochilus formosanus, and the illumination intensity is higher and is not suitable for the growth of the anoectochilus formosanus, so that the number of layers of the shading net needs to be increased or decreased according to the illumination intensity of the sun, and the illumination intensity in the white ceiling is kept between 3000 lux and 4000 lux.
In the prior art, the multiple layers of shading nets 2 are all arranged outside the greenhouse 1, and manual operation is adopted when the shading nets 2 are increased or decreased, which is very troublesome, low in efficiency and time-wasting, so that the shading nets 2 are increased or decreased by adopting a motor. In the step a, the shading net 2 comprises an outer shading net 21 and an inner shading net 22, wherein the outer shading net 21 is a layer and covers the outer surface of the greenhouse 1; the outer shading net 21 is fixed outside the greenhouse 1 and does not need to be moved when the illumination intensity is adjusted.
The inner shading net 22 comprises a first side net 23, a second side net 24, a third side net 25, a fourth side net 26, a first horizontal net 27 and a second horizontal net 28, the first side net 23, the second side net 24, the third side net 25 and the fourth side net 26 are sequentially laid on the inner surfaces of the four side walls of the greenhouse 1, the first horizontal net 27 and the second horizontal net 28 are laid on the inner surface of the top of the greenhouse 1, the first side net 23, the first horizontal net 27 and the third side net 25 are connected into a whole, and the second side net 24, the second horizontal net 28 and the fourth side net 26 are connected into a whole; below the junction of each side wire with the horizontal wire is a horizontal support shaft 29. The first side net 23, the first horizontal net 27 and the third side net 25 are integrally formed, and the second side net 24, the second horizontal net 28 and the fourth side net 26 are integrally formed and supported by a cylindrical support shaft 29 having a smooth surface, and the support shaft 29 is fixedly installed on the top of the greenhouse 1.
A first driving shaft 71 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first side net 23, a second driving shaft 72 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second side net 24, a third driving shaft 73 is arranged at the bottom of the third side net 25, a fourth driving shaft 74 is arranged at the bottom of the fourth side net 26, pull ropes 75 are fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the third side net 25 and the fourth side net 26, and the pull ropes 75 are wound on the third driving shaft 73 and the fourth driving shaft 74; the first driving shaft 71 is connected with a first forward and reverse rotation motor 76, the second driving shaft 72 is connected with a second forward and reverse rotation motor 77, the first driving shaft 71 is connected with a third driving shaft 73 through a belt, and the second driving shaft 72 is connected with a fourth driving shaft 74 through a belt. The first driving shaft 71, the second driving shaft 72, the third driving shaft 73 and the fourth driving shaft 74 are mounted on the mounting frame through bearings, and the first forward/reverse rotation motor 76 and the second forward/reverse rotation motor 77 are fixedly mounted on the ground and connected with the first driving shaft 71 and the second driving shaft 72 through gears or belts.
When the inner shading net 22 needs to be removed due to weak illumination, the first forward and reverse rotation motor 76 is controlled to rotate forwardly, the first driving shaft 71 rotates, the first side net 23, the first horizontal net 27 and the third side net 25 are sequentially wound, meanwhile, the first driving shaft 71 drives the third driving shaft 73 to rotate, the pull rope 75 on the third driving shaft 73 is unwound, and the first forward and reverse rotation motor 76 stops rotating; and then the second forward and reverse rotation motor 77 is controlled to rotate forwardly, the second driving shaft 72 rotates to sequentially wind the second side net 24, the second horizontal net 28 and the fourth side net 26, meanwhile, the second driving shaft 72 drives the fourth driving shaft 74 to rotate, and the pull rope 75 on the fourth driving shaft 74 is unwound, so that the removal of the inner shading net 22 is completed. When the illumination becomes strong and the inner shading net 22 needs to be added, the first forward and reverse rotation motor 76 is controlled to rotate reversely, the first driving shaft 71 rotates, the first side net 23, the first horizontal net 27 and the third side net 25 are sequentially unreeled, meanwhile, the first driving shaft 71 drives the third driving shaft 73 to rotate, the pull rope 75 on the third driving shaft 73 is reeled, and after the completion, the first forward and reverse rotation motor 76 stops rotating; and then the second forward and reverse rotation motor 77 is controlled to rotate reversely, the second driving shaft 72 rotates to sequentially unreel the second side net 24, the second horizontal net 28 and the fourth side net 26, meanwhile, the second driving shaft 72 drives the fourth driving shaft 74 to rotate, and the pull rope 75 on the fourth driving shaft 74 is reeled, so that the inner shading net 22 is re-paved. By adopting the method, the adding and removing efficiency of the inner shading net 22 is improved, and the illumination intensity is adjusted more conveniently and more labor-saving.
The thicknesses of the pine nut shells 4, the mixture 5 of the humus soil and the sheep manure and the saw dust 6 are set according to actual requirements, and as a preferable technical scheme, in the step C, the thickness of the pine nut shells 4 is 20cm, the thickness of the mixture 5 of the humus soil and the sheep manure is 20cm, and the thickness of the saw dust 6 is 10 cm. The sawdust 6 can be wood sawdust, preferably pine sawdust, preferably sand pine sawdust.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A pollution-free high-yield planting method of anoectochilus formosanus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps of building a greenhouse (1), arranging a plurality of layers of shading nets (2) on the top and the side surfaces of the greenhouse (1), wherein each shading net (2) comprises an outer shading net (21) and an inner shading net (22), and the outer shading net (21) is a layer and covers the outer surface of the greenhouse (1);
the inner shading net (22) comprises a first side net (23), a second side net (24), a third side net (25), a fourth side net (26), a first horizontal net (27) and a second horizontal net (28), the first side net (23), the second side net (24), the third side net (25) and the fourth side net (26) are sequentially laid on the inner surfaces of the four side walls of the greenhouse (1), the first horizontal net (27) and the second horizontal net (28) are laid on the inner surface of the top of the greenhouse (1), the first side net (23), the first horizontal net (27) and the third side net (25) are connected into a whole, and the second side net (24), the second horizontal net (28) and the fourth side net (26) are connected into a whole; a horizontal supporting shaft (29) is arranged below the joint of each side net and the horizontal net;
a first driving shaft (71) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first side net (23), a second driving shaft (72) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second side net (24), a third driving shaft (73) is arranged at the bottom of the third side net (25), a fourth driving shaft (74) is arranged at the bottom of the fourth side net (26), pull ropes (75) are fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the third side net (25) and the fourth side net (26), and the pull ropes (75) are wound on the third driving shaft (73) and the fourth driving shaft (74); the first driving shaft (71) is connected with a first forward and reverse rotation motor (76), the second driving shaft (72) is connected with a second forward and reverse rotation motor (77), the first driving shaft (71) is connected with a third driving shaft (73) through a belt, and the second driving shaft (72) is connected with a fourth driving shaft (74) through a belt;
B. digging a plurality of cultivation ponds (3) on the ground in the greenhouse (1), wherein the width of each cultivation pond (3) is 80 cm-120 cm, and the depth of each cultivation pond is 30 cm-50 cm;
C. adding a culture medium: paving a layer of pine nut shell (4) with the thickness of 10cm to 25cm at the bottom of the cultivation pool (3), paving a mixture (5) of humus and sheep manure above the pine nut shell (4), wherein the mass ratio of the humus to the sheep manure is (3-5): 1, paving the mixture (5) with the thickness of 15cm to 30cm, and paving saw dust (6) with the thickness of 5cm to 15cm above the mixture (5) of the humus and the sheep manure;
D. planting the tissue culture seedlings on a culture medium, wherein the plant spacing is 1cm to 2cm, and the row spacing is 1cm to 2 cm;
E. management: the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 20-40 ℃, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 80-95%; fertilizing once every half month, wherein the fertilizer adopts pig manure, cow manure, soybean cake or biogas liquid, and 100g to 200g of ferrous sulfate is added into every 100kg of the fertilizer; watering once a week; the number of layers of the shading net is increased or decreased according to the illumination intensity, and direct sunlight is avoided.
2. The pollution-free high-yield planting method of anoectochilus formosanus according to claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the step C, the thickness of the pine nut shells (4) is 20cm, the thickness of the mixture (5) of the humus soil and the sheep manure is 20cm, and the thickness of the sawdust (6) is 10 cm.
3. The pollution-free high-yield planting method of anoectochilus formosanus according to claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the step C, pine sawdust is adopted as sawdust (6).
4. The pollution-free high-yield planting method of anoectochilus formosanus according to claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the step C, the sawdust (6) is the saw dust of the sand pine.
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| CN201611045411.8A CN106718723B (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2016-11-24 | Pollution-free high-yield planting method for anoectochilus formosanus |
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| CN201611045411.8A CN106718723B (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2016-11-24 | Pollution-free high-yield planting method for anoectochilus formosanus |
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| CN106718723B true CN106718723B (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109845643A (en) * | 2018-11-11 | 2019-06-07 | 漳州市溢绿农业开发有限公司 | A kind of high efficiency smart selection of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud |
| CN109845642A (en) * | 2018-11-11 | 2019-06-07 | 漳州市溢绿农业开发有限公司 | A kind of high quality automation cultivating technique of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud |
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| CN102907305A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-02-06 | 黔西南州绿缘动植物科技开发有限公司 | Anoectochilus roxburghii wood medium cultivation technology |
| CN103766113A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-05-07 | 福建省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for planting anoectochilus formosanus in northern area |
| CN203912755U (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-11-05 | 福建兰水金莲生物科技有限公司 | Roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud booth cultivation device |
| CN106069137A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏道诚生物科技有限公司 | The implantation methods of plantation Herba Anoectochili roxburghii tissue cultured seedling in a kind of booth |
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2016
- 2016-11-24 CN CN201611045411.8A patent/CN106718723B/en active Active
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| CN102907305A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-02-06 | 黔西南州绿缘动植物科技开发有限公司 | Anoectochilus roxburghii wood medium cultivation technology |
| CN103766113A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-05-07 | 福建省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for planting anoectochilus formosanus in northern area |
| CN203912755U (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-11-05 | 福建兰水金莲生物科技有限公司 | Roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud booth cultivation device |
| CN106069137A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏道诚生物科技有限公司 | The implantation methods of plantation Herba Anoectochili roxburghii tissue cultured seedling in a kind of booth |
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