CN106566598A - 通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106566598A
CN106566598A CN201610986121.7A CN201610986121A CN106566598A CN 106566598 A CN106566598 A CN 106566598A CN 201610986121 A CN201610986121 A CN 201610986121A CN 106566598 A CN106566598 A CN 106566598A
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rolling oil
steel cold
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butyl
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CN106566598B (zh
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孙建林
苑光照
张炳涛
束俊洲
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

一种通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂及其制备方法，属于润滑剂领域。本发明选用十二醇、硬脂酸丁酯、季戊四醇油酸酯和月桂酸作为油性剂，2，6‑二叔丁基对甲酚作为抗氧剂，苯并三氮唑和噻二唑衍生物作为金属减活剂，二烷基二硫代磷酸酯作为抗磨剂，加氢基础油作为溶剂。本发明采用以醇‑酯型油性剂复合为主，辅以少量酸型油性剂；少量二烷基二硫代磷酸酯作为抗磨剂以补强油膜，改善轧材表面质量；少量抗氧剂和金属减活剂提高轧制油的使用寿命，增加可循环使用次数，并防止轧件受到腐蚀。本发明使用方便，成本低，用量少，具有油膜强度高，抗磨减摩效果好，抗氧化性强，退火性能优良的特点。

Description

通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑剂及金属板带箔材冷轧领域，属于金属加工过程中的润滑具体涉及一种通用型的冷轧油复合添加剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
有色金属轧材(如铝板、带、箔、铜箔等)以及不锈钢冷轧过程中，为保证轧制过程的顺利进行，并获得表面质量优良、板形规整的轧材，必须采用工艺润滑技术。
轧制油由基础油和添加剂组成，现代新型的基础油主要为通过加氢精制的矿物油，其成分主要是碳链长度不同的链烷烃和环烷烃混合物；添加剂能够改善油品的特定性质，提高矿物油的润滑性能。轧制油中往往需要添加一定量的油性剂、抗磨剂、抗氧剂等以达到改善润滑的效果。单一型的添加剂并不能发挥全面的效果，在实际生产中往往采用复合添加剂，以达到提高油膜强度、降低磨损量、提高轧制油使用寿命等效果。
在润滑剂技术领域，添加剂种类繁多，在工业化生产中各种配方种类混杂，对使用者造成了不便。因此需要研究一种通用型的复合添加剂，针对不同金属的加工，选用合适的复合添加剂用量即可，提高了使用的便捷性并能达到优良的综合效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂，本发明使用方便，成本低，用量少，针对不同金属轧材通过改变复合添加剂的用量即可达到使用要求。根据实验测试结果，本发明具有油膜强度高，抗磨减摩效果好，抗氧化性强，退火性能优良的特点。
本发明通过下述技术方案予以实现：选用十二醇、硬脂酸丁酯、季戊四醇油酸酯和月桂酸作为油性剂，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚作为抗氧剂，苯并三氮唑和噻二唑衍生物作为金属减活剂，二烷基二硫代磷酸酯作为抗磨剂，加氢基础油作为溶剂油。
复合添加剂的具体成分按质量百分比计，油性剂中，十二醇：28～42％；
硬脂酸丁酯和季戊四醇油酸酯混合酯：28～42％：
月桂酸：2～5％；
抗氧剂，为2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚：0.5～1％；
金属减活剂中，苯并三氮唑：0.3～0.9％；
噻二唑衍生物：0.3～0.9％；
抗磨剂，为二烷基二硫代磷酸酯：0.5～2％；
溶剂油，为加氢基础油：余量。
在具体成分中，油性剂十二醇与硬脂酸丁酯和季戊四醇油酸酯构成的混合酯的复配质量比例范围为2:3～3:2，二者总质量为复合添加剂总体的70％；混合酯中硬脂酸丁酯和季戊四醇油酸酯的复配质量比例范围为：2:3～3:2，金属减活剂苯并三氮唑和噻二唑衍生物的复配质量比例范围为1:3～3:1。
上述通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂的制备步骤为：
先将上述配方量的硬脂酸丁酯和季戊四醇油酸酯按照对应比例加入到反应容器中，然后依次加入十二醇、月桂酸、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚、苯并三氮唑、噻二唑衍生物、二烷基二硫代磷酸酯，最后加入加氢基础油。将反应容器放在恒温电磁搅拌器上边加热边搅拌至60～70℃，搅拌速度为100～180r/min，恒温搅拌时间为10～20分钟直至各添加剂混合均匀，然后冷却至室温，即得到一种通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂。
本发明的优点在于综合考量了轧制油的油膜强度、抗磨减摩性能、抗氧化性及退火清净性。通过对油性剂的复合，优化油性剂在金属表面的吸附阵列，达到最优效果，单酯型的硬脂酸丁酯具有优良的退火清净性而极压性能稍差，而多元醇酯型的季戊四醇油酸酯能够表现出较好的润滑与极压性能，二者的功能性相互补充；通过添加少量退火清净性较好的抗磨剂提高了轧制油的抗磨减摩效果，同时其含量控制在对退火清净性无明显影响的范围内；通过添加抗氧剂提高油品的使用寿命，降低了成本；通过添加金属减活剂来抑制金属离子对轧制油氧化的催化作用，并防止金属的腐蚀，改善轧件的表面质量。
本发明在实验室中采用以下实验方法进行性能评定：
◆润滑剂极压性能测定法(四球法)(GB/T 12583)
◆润滑油抗磨损性能测定法(四球法)(SH/T 0189)
◆润滑油氧化安定性的测定(旋转氧弹法)(SH/T 0193)
◆EXXON标准退火盒法
◆石油产品铜片腐蚀实验法(GB/T 5096)
具体实施方式
实施例1
实施例1配方(按总质量100g计)见表1：
表1
序号 组分名称 质量(g)
1 十二醇 28.0
2 硬脂酸丁酯 16.8
3 季戊四醇油酸酯 25.2
4 月桂酸 2.0
5 2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚 0.5
6 苯并三氮唑 0.3
7 噻二唑衍生物 0.9
8 二烷基二硫代磷酸酯 0.5
9 加氢基础油 25.8
按上表的各组分质量配方，制备通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂。将十二醇(28.0g)、硬脂酸丁酯(16.8g)、季戊四醇油酸酯(25.2g)、月桂酸(2.0g)、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚(0.5g)、苯并三氮唑(0.3g)、噻二唑衍生物(0.9g)、二烷基二硫代磷酸酯(0.5g)和加氢基础油(25.8g)，按说明书中指定顺序加入容器后，放在恒温电磁搅拌器上边加热边搅拌至60～70℃，恒温搅拌时间为10～20分钟，搅拌速度为100～180r/min，直至各添加剂混合均匀，得到均匀油体，然后冷却至室温。
实施例2
实施例2配方(按总质量100g计)见表2：
表2
序号 组分名称 质量(g)
1 十二醇 35.0
2 硬脂酸丁酯 17.5
3 季戊四醇油酸酯 17.5
4 月桂酸 3.0
5 2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚 0.7
6 苯并三氮唑 0.5
7 噻二唑衍生物 0.5
8 二烷基二硫代磷酸酯 1.0
9 加氢基础油 24.3
按上表的各组分质量配方，制备通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂。将十二醇(35.0g)、硬脂酸丁酯(17.5g)、季戊四醇油酸酯(17.5g)、月桂酸(3.0g)、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚(0.7g)、苯并三氮唑(0.5g)、噻二唑衍生物(0.5g)、二烷基二硫代磷酸酯(1.0g)和加氢基础油(24.3g)，按说明书中指定顺序加入容器后，放在恒温电磁搅拌器上边加热边搅拌至60～70℃，恒温搅拌时间为10～20分钟，搅拌速度为100～180r/min，直至各添加剂混合均匀，得到均匀油体，然后冷却至室温。
实施例3
实施例3配方(按总质量100g计)见表3：
表3
序号 组分名称 质量(g)
1 十二醇 42.0
2 硬脂酸丁酯 16.8
3 季戊四醇油酸酯 11.2
4 月桂酸 5.0
5 2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚 1.0
6 苯并三氮唑 0.9
7 噻二唑衍生物 0.3
8 二烷基二硫代磷酸酯 2.0
9 加氢基础油 20.8
按上表的各组分质量配方，制备通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂。将十二醇(42.0g)、硬脂酸丁酯(16.8g)、季戊四醇油酸酯(11.2g)、月桂酸(5.0g)、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚(1.0g)、苯并三氮唑(0.9g)、噻二唑衍生物(0.3g)、二烷基二硫代磷酸酯(2.0g)和加氢基础油(20.8g)，按说明书中指定顺序加入容器后，放在恒温电磁搅拌器上边加热边搅拌至60～70℃，恒温搅拌时间为10～20分钟，搅拌速度为100～180r/min，直至各添加剂混合均匀，得到均匀油体，然后冷却至室温。
产品性能指标
取上述三个实施例的复合添加剂配方，以质量分数3％的添加量加入到铝板基础油A100中(用于铝材轧制)，其性能指标如表4：
表4
取上述三个实施例的复合添加剂配方，以质量分数5％的添加量加入到5号白油中(用于铜材及不锈钢轧制)，其性能指标如表5：
表5
以上所述之实施例只为本发明的较佳施例，并非以此限制本发明的实施范围，故凡依本发明之组分比例，方法及原理所作的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂，其特征在于，选用十二醇、硬脂酸丁酯、季戊四醇油酸酯和月桂酸作为油性剂，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚作为抗氧剂，苯并三氮唑和噻二唑衍生物作为金属减活剂，二烷基二硫代磷酸酯作为抗磨剂，加氢基础油作为溶剂油。
2.如权利要求1所述的通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂，其特征在于，复合添加剂的具体成分组成按质量百分比计如下：
油性剂：十二醇：28～42％；
硬脂酸丁酯和季戊四醇油酸酯混合酯：28～42％；
月桂酸：2～5％；
抗氧剂：2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚：0.5～1％；
金属减活剂：苯并三氮唑：0.3～0.9％；
噻二唑衍生物：0.3～0.9％；
抗磨剂：二烷基二硫代磷酸酯：0.5～2％；
溶剂油：加氢基础油：余量。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂，其特征在于，在具体成分中，油性剂十二醇与硬脂酸丁酯和季戊四醇油酸酯构成的混合酯的复配质量比例范围为2:3～3:2，十二醇与混合酯的总质量为复合添加剂总体的70％；混合酯中硬脂酸丁酯和季戊四醇油酸酯的复配质量比例范围为：2:3～3:2，金属减活剂苯并三氮唑和噻二唑衍生物的复配质量比例范围为1:3～3:1。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于具体制备步骤为：
先将上述配方量的硬脂酸丁酯和季戊四醇油酸酯按照对应比例加入到反应容器中，然后依次加入十二醇、月桂酸、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚、苯并三氮唑、噻二唑衍生物、二烷基二硫代磷酸酯，最后加入加氢基础油；将反应容器放在恒温电磁搅拌器上边加热边搅拌至60～70℃，搅拌速度为100～180r/min，恒温搅拌时间为10～20分钟直至各添加剂混合均匀，然后冷却至室温，即得到一种通用型有色金属及不锈钢冷轧油复合添加剂。
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