CN106347353B - 车辆滑行转矩控制***和使用该***的方法 - Google Patents

车辆滑行转矩控制***和使用该***的方法 Download PDF

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CN106347353B
CN106347353B CN201510886448.2A CN201510886448A CN106347353B CN 106347353 B CN106347353 B CN 106347353B CN 201510886448 A CN201510886448 A CN 201510886448A CN 106347353 B CN106347353 B CN 106347353B
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vehicle
road
speed
torque
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CN106347353A (zh
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金尚准
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18072—Coasting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
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    • B60W20/14—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion in conjunction with braking regeneration
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种车辆的滑行转矩控制方法包括：确定外部信息是否被接收；当所述外部信息被接收时，基于所接收的外部信息获取关于车辆当前行驶道路的一条或多条速度信息；基于所获取的速度信息选择滑行转矩；且基于所选择的滑行转矩控制连接至驱动轴的驱动电动机。

Description

车辆滑行转矩控制***和使用该***的方法
技术领域
本公开总体涉及车辆控制***及其控制该方法，更具体地，涉及用于能量回收的车辆的控制***及其控制方法。
背景技术
电动车辆是指驱动电动机接收从电池供应来的电力，然后使用所供应的电力产生驱动转矩的车辆。电动车辆的实例包括所有的驱动转矩均由驱动电动机产生的电动车辆和一些驱动转矩由驱动电动机产生的混合动力车。
通常，当电动车辆由于惯性滑行时，操作作为发电机的驱动电动机以便恢复惯性能量，并且将产生自驱动电动机的电力充至电池中。即，当电动车辆滑行时通过将与车辆速度相关的滑行转矩(即负转矩)调到驱动电动机，使电力从惯性能量恢复。然而，由于在车辆行驶时滑行转矩不能反映道路状况，惯性***的能力恢复效率可变低。
在背景技术部分所公开的上述信息仅为了增强对本公开的背景技术的理解，因此，可包含不构成在本国本领域普通技术人员已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本公开致力于提供车辆的滑行转矩控制***，其可接收外部信息并且基于所述外部信息施加驱动电动机的滑行转矩，本发明还致力于提供使用该***的控制方法。
根据本公开的实施例的一种车辆的滑行转矩控制方法包括：确定外部信息是否被接收；当所述外部信息被接收时，基于所接收的外部信息获取关于车辆当前行驶道路的一条或多条速度信息；基于所获取的速度信息选择滑行转矩；且基于所选择的滑行转矩控制连接至车辆驱动轴的驱动电动机。
选择滑行转矩可包括：为所述一条或多条速度信息分配优先级；和基于具有比至少一条其他的速度信息更高优先级的一条速度信息选择所述滑行转矩。
所述控制方法还可包括：基于所述外部信息之外的信息，获取关于车辆当前行驶道路的额外速度信息。
所述基于所述外部信息的速度信息可具有比基于所述外部信息之外的信息的速度信息具有更高的优先级。
所述基于所述外部信息之外的信息的速度信息可根据所述车辆的行驶速度来计算。
所述速度信息可包括关于所述车辆当前行驶的道路类型的道路信息和关于所述车辆当前行驶道路的平均速度的交通信息，且所述道路信息和所述交通信息之中指示较低平均速度的信息比指示较高平均速度的信息可被分配更高的优先级。
所述道路信息可包括关于所述车辆当前行驶道路是高速公路、国道、乡村道路、市区道路还是学校区道路的信息。
所述交通信息可包括关于所述车辆当前行驶道路上的交通是顺畅、缓慢还是堵塞的信息。
当不能从一条或多条道路信息中获取具有高优先级的速度信息时，可基于具有下一个最高优先级的速度信息选择所述滑行转矩。
所述选择滑行转矩可包括基于所述一条或多条速度信息和所述车辆的当前速度分别与多个滑行转矩相匹配的滑行转矩图，选择所述滑行转矩。
所述控制方法还包括：当所述外部信息不能被接收时，基于所述车辆的行驶速度获取所述速度信息。
此外，根据本公开的实施例，一种车辆滑行转矩控制***包括：接收外部信息的外部信息接收器，所述外部信息包括关于车辆当前行驶道路的一条或多条速度信息；从所述外部信息接收器接收所述外部信息且基于所接收的速度信息选择滑行转矩的滑行转矩控制器；和与所述车辆的电池连接的驱动电动机，当所述车辆滑行时使用由所述滑行转矩控制器选择的滑行转矩产生恢复电力，且将所产生的恢复电力传输到电池电源中。
所述滑行转矩控制器可基于所述外部信息之外的信息计算关于车辆当前行驶道路的额外速度信息。
所述滑行转矩控制器可包括其中所述一条或多条速度信息和所述车辆的当前速度分别与多个滑行转矩相匹配的滑行转矩图。
此外，根据本公开的实施例，一种非暂态计算机可读介质，其包含用于执行车辆滑行转矩控制方法的程序指令，所述计算机可读介质包括：确定外部信息是否被接收的程序指令；当所述外部信息被接收时，基于所接收的外部信息获取关于车辆当前行驶道路的一条或多条速度信息的程序指令；基于所获取的速度信息选择滑行转矩的程序指令；和基于所选择的滑行转矩控制连接至驱动轴的驱动电动机的程序指令。
如上所述，在根据本公开的实施例的车辆滑行转矩控制***和使用该***的控制方法中，由于根据车辆行驶的道路状况设置滑行转矩，可提高能力恢复效率。
附图说明
图1是根据本公开的实施例的车辆滑行转矩控制***的结构框图。
图2示出基于行驶道路的平均速度由图1的滑行转矩控制***选择的滑行转矩。
图3是图1的车辆滑行转矩控制方法的流程图。
<附图标记说明>
1：车辆 100：滑行转矩控制***
110：外部信息接收器 120：滑行转矩控制器
130：驱动电动机 200：内燃机
300：电池 400：逆变器
500：驱动轴 600：离合器
具体实施方式
在下文中将参照附图更全面地描述本公开，其中示出本公开的实施例。如本领域技术人员将认识到的，在不脱离本公开的精神或范围的情况下，可以以各种不同的方式来修改所描述的实施例。附图和说明书实质上被认为是例示性的而非限制性的。在整篇说明书中，类似的附图标号命名类似的元素。另外，在附图中，为了简化说明每个元素的尺寸和厚度都任意示出，并且本公开并不必须限制附图示出的这种尺寸和厚度。
本公开所使用的术语“在……上(on)”意味着一个元素设置在目标元素的上面或下面，但并不意味着一个元素基于重力不设置在其周围。此外，造整篇说明书中，除非明确指出相反的，单词“包括(comprise)”以及其变型诸如“包括(comprises)”“包括(comprising)”经被理解为指示包括规定的元素而不排除任何其他元素。如本文所用的单数形式“一种(a)”、“一个(an)”和“该(the)”旨在也包括复数形式，除非上下文明确指出除外。
应当理解的是，本文所用的术语“车辆(vehicle)”、“车辆(vehicular)或其他类似的术语通常包括机动车辆如包括运动型多功能车(SUV)、公共汽车、卡车和各种商用车辆的客车，包括各种船艇和舰船的船只，飞机等，并且包括混合动力汽车，电动汽车，***式混合动力电动车辆，氢动力车辆和其它替代燃料(例如从非石油资源衍生的燃料)汽车。如本文所提到的，混合动力车辆是具有两个或多个动力源的车辆，例如具有汽油动力和电动力两者的车辆。
另外，应当理解的是，一个或多个以下方法或其方面可由至少一个控制器执行。术语“控制器”可指包括存储器和处理器的硬件设备。所述存储器经配置为存储程序指令，且所述处理器具体地经规划为执行程序指令以执行下面进一步描述的一个或多个过程。此外，应当理解的是，以下方法可由包括连接一个或多个其他部件的控制器的装置来执行，如本领域普通技术人员所认为的那样。
进而，本公开的控制器可具体为在计算机可读介质上的非暂态计算机可读介质，所述计算机可读介质包括由处理器、控制器等执行的可执行程序指令。计算机可读介质的实例包括但不限于ROM、RAM、光盘(CD)-ROM、磁带、软盘、闪存驱动器、智能卡和光学数据存储器。计算机可读记录介质也可以在网络连接的计算机***中传播，使得计算机可读介质被存储并且以传播的方式被执行，例如，通过远程信息服务器或控制器局域网(CAN)。
现在讲参照附图详细描述根据本公开的实施例的车辆控制方法。
图1是根据本公开的实施例的车辆滑行转矩控制***的结构框图。
如图1所示，根据本公开的实施例的配备有滑行转矩控制***100的车辆1在内燃机200和驱动电动机130中产生驱动转矩，且驱动轴500和内燃机200选择性地由离合器600连接。驱动电动机130经由逆变器400从电池300中接收驱动电力Eg，并且产生驱动转矩。
根据本公开的实施例的配备有滑行转矩控制***100的车辆1描述为包括内燃机200和驱动电动机130，但是根据本公开的实施例的滑行转矩控制***100可应用于仅装配有产生驱动转矩的驱动电动机130而不具有内燃机200的车辆。
滑行转矩控制***100是当车辆1滑行时使用车辆1的驱动转矩产生电力的***。滑行转矩控制***100基于关于车辆1当前行驶的行驶道路的速度信息选择滑行转矩，并且基于滑行转矩控制驱动电动机130以产生电力。
滑行转矩控制***100包括外部信息接收器110、滑行转矩控制器120和驱动电动机130。
外部信息接收器接收外部信息，所述外部信息包括关于车辆1当前行驶的行驶道路的一条或多条速度信息。
在这种情况下，关于行驶道路的速度信息包括关于行驶道路的类型的道路信息和关于行驶道路的平均速度的交通信息。道路信息可为关于车辆当前位置的信息。即，所述道路信息包括关于车辆行驶的道路是高速公路、国道、乡村道路、市区道路还是学校区道路的信息。另外，所述交通信息包括关于车辆行驶的道路上的交通是顺畅、缓慢还是堵塞的信息。
外部信息接收器110从安装于外部的发射器或中继器(repeater)接收外部信息，且例如，可经由无线通信网络从外部接收外部信息，所述无线通信网络包括长期演进(LTE)、宽带码分多址(WCDMA)等。无线通信网络被示例性描述，并且其中外部信息接收器110经由通信网络而不是示例性描述的无线通信网络接收外部信息的构造也包括在本公开的实施例中。
滑行转矩控制器120接收来自外部信息接收器110的外部信息，并且基于关于行驶道路的速度信息选择滑行转矩T。
此外，当外部信息接收器110不能接收如在阴影区(shadow region)中的外部信息时，滑行转矩控制器120可不基于外部信息而基于车辆1的当前行驶速度获取关于行驶道路的速度信息。
滑行转矩控制器120可包括分别匹配有关于行驶道路的多条速度信息和滑行转矩的转矩图。
驱动电动机130被连接至电池300以操作，并且被连接至驱动轴500以提供驱动转矩至车辆1中。
此外，当车辆1滑行时，驱动电动机130被设定为由滑行转矩控制器120所选择的滑行转矩，并且通过使用经由驱动轴500传输的车辆1的惯性力产生恢复电力Er。将所产生的恢复电力Er经由逆变器400从驱动电动机130传输至电池300。
在这种情况下，由于滑行转矩增大，驱动电动机130产生更大恢复电力Er，且车辆的速度降低更快。
现在讲详细描述基于行驶道路的平均速度由滑行转矩控制器120选择滑行转矩T的过程。
图2示出基于行驶道路的平均速度由图1的滑行转矩控制***选择的滑行转矩。
如图2所示，基于来自外部信息的三种道路信息和一种交通信息的滑行转矩T被描述为实例。
滑行转矩T表示负转矩，且随着在图中负值增大表示更大的转矩。当滑行转矩T被设定至驱动电动机130时，车辆1通过滑行转矩T减速，所述滑行转矩T是负转矩。
在下文中，其中滑行转矩T增大的绝对值将被描述为转矩增加方向，而滑行转矩T减小的方向被描述为转矩递减方向。
具体地，外部信息包括第一信息I1、第二信息I2、第三信息I3和第四信息I4。例如，第一信息I1、第二信息I2和第三信息I3是分别代表高速公路、国道和市区道路的道路信息，第四信息T4是代表严重拥堵的交通信息。
在这种情况下，第一信息I1的行驶道路的平均速度是最大的，接下来是第二信息I2的行驶道路的平均速度，再接下来是第三信息I3的行驶道路的平均速度，第四信息I4的行驶道路的平均速度是最小的。
第一至第四转矩曲线(S1至S4)是根据第一至第四信息(I1至I4)的行驶道路的平均速度形成的。
第一至第四转矩曲线(S1至S4)在滑行转矩车辆1的速度为基准速度V0的点处开始，且随着车辆1的速度增加而逐步增加使得他们分别收敛于第一至第四转矩(T1至T4)。
在这种情况下，第一转矩T1是最小的，从第二转矩T2至第三转矩T3的转矩量增加，且第四转矩T4是最大的。
即，与当车辆1在市区道路上行驶时滑行转矩被设定为第三转矩T3相比，当车辆1在高速公路上行驶时滑行转矩被设定为第一转矩T1，车辆1的速度降低较少，并且产生较少的恢复电力Er。
相反，当车辆1在严重拥堵的状况下行驶时，被设定为第四转矩T4(这是最大滑行转矩)，且车辆1的速度降低最少，并且产生最高的恢复电力Er。
此外，滑行转矩控制器120可包括滑行转矩基于车辆速度V匹配和根据多条转矩曲线诸如第一至第四转矩曲线(S1至S4)关于驾驶道路的速度信息的滑行转矩图。
现在将详细描述其中根据当前实施方案的车辆1由车辆滑行转矩控制***100控制的过程。
图3是图1的车辆滑行转矩控制方法的流程图。
如图3所示，滑行转矩控制器120确定外部信息是否被接收(S100)，且当外部信息被接收时，其基于外部信息获取关于车辆当前行驶的行驶道路的一条或多条速度信息(S200)。
此外，当外部信息不被接收时，诸如当车辆1在外部信息不能被接收的阴影区行驶时或当外部信息接收器110不存在或不能正常运行时，滑行转矩控制器120不基于外部信息获取关于行驶道路的速度信息(S300)。
在这种情况下，可以基于车辆1的行驶速度计算关于行驶道路的速度信息。
接下来，滑行转矩控制器120基于所获取的关于行驶道路的速度信息选择滑行转矩T(S400)。
可基于其中所获取的关于行驶道路的速度信息和车辆1的当前速度与滑行转矩T匹配的滑行转矩图选择滑行转矩T。
在这种情况下，当关于行驶道路的多条速度信息可同时获得时，即当用于获取关于行驶道路的多条速度信息的道路信息和交通信息被同时接收时，具有较低平均速度的信息具有更高的优先级。
例如，当车辆1在严重堵塞状况下在高速公路上行驶时，滑行转矩控制***100接收关于高速公路的道路信息和关于严重拥堵状况的交通信息。
接下来，滑行转矩控制器120获取具有较低平均驾驶速度的一条或两条外部信息，即与关于严重拥堵状况的交通信息相关的关于行驶道路的速度信息，并且基于所获取的信息从滑行转矩驱动图中选择滑行转矩T。
接下来，滑行转矩控制器120基于所选择的滑行转矩T控制驱动电动机130(S500)，从而产生与车辆惯性力相关的回收电力Er。
在本公开的实施例中，当外部信息不能被接收时，反而获取不基于外部信息的行驶道路的平均速度，但不管外部信息是否被接收，不基于外部信息获取行驶道路的平均速度的构造也被包括在本公开的实施例中。
在这种情况下，滑行转矩控制器120可基于外部信息通过对行驶道路的平均速度分配较高优先级来选择滑行转矩T，而不是通过不基于外部信息的行驶道路的平均速度来选择滑行转矩T。
如上所述，根据本公开的实施例的根据车辆控制***和使用该***的方法，由于滑行转矩通过反映车辆行驶的道路状况来设定，能量恢复效率可被提高。
当已结合目前被认为是具体实施例描述本公开，应当理解的是，本公开并未限制所公开的实施例，而相反旨在涵盖在不脱离所附权利要求的精神和范围的情况下包括的各种修改和等同布置。

Claims (12)

1.一种车辆的滑行转矩控制方法，所述滑行转矩控制方法包括以下步骤：
确定外部信息是否被接收；
当接收到外部信息时，基于所接收的外部信息获取关于车辆当前行驶道路的一条或多条速度信息；
基于所获取的速度信息选择滑行转矩，所述选择滑行转矩包括：
为所述一条或多条速度信息分配优先级；和
基于具有比至少一条其他的速度信息更高优先级的一条速度信息，选择所述滑行转矩；以及基于所选择的滑行转矩控制连接至车辆驱动轴的驱动电动机；其中
所述速度信息包括关于所述车辆当前行驶的道路的类型的道路信息和关于所述车辆当前行驶的道路的平均速度的交通信息，并且
所述道路信息和所述交通信息之中指示较低平均速度的信息比指示较高平均速度的信息被分配更高的优先级。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滑行转矩控制方法，还包括以下步骤：
基于所述外部信息之外的信息，获取关于车辆当前行驶道路的额外速度信息。
3.根据权利要求2所述的滑行转矩控制方法，其中基于所述外部信息的速度信息具有比基于所述外部信息之外的信息的速度信息更高的优先级。
4.根据权利要求2所述的滑行转矩控制方法，其中所述基于所述外部信息之外的信息的速度信息是根据所述车辆的行驶速度来计算的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的滑行转矩控制方法，其中所述道路信息包括关于所述车辆当前行驶的道路是高速公路、国道、乡村道路、市区道路还是学校区道路的信息。
6.根据权利要求1所述的滑行转矩控制方法，其中所述交通信息包括关于所述车辆当前行驶的道路上的交通是顺畅、缓慢还是堵塞的信息。
7.根据权利要求1所述的滑行转矩控制方法，其中，当不能从一条或多条道路信息中获取具有高优先级的速度信息时，基于具有下一个最高优先级的速度信息选择所述滑行转矩。
8.根据权利要求1所述的滑行转矩控制方法，其中选择滑行转矩的步骤包括：
基于所述一条或多条速度信息和所述车辆的当前速度分别与多个滑行转矩相匹配的滑行转矩图，选择所述滑行转矩。
9.根据权利要求1所述的滑行转矩控制方法，还包括以下步骤：
当不能接收到所述外部信息时，基于所述车辆的行驶速度获取所述速度信息。
10.一种车辆的滑行转矩控制***，所述滑行转矩控制***包括：
接收外部信息的外部信息接收器，所述外部信息包括关于车辆当前行驶的道路的一条或多条速度信息；
滑行转矩控制器，该滑行转矩控制器从所述外部信息接收器接收所述外部信息，为所述一条或多条速度信息分配优先级，并基于具有比至少一条其他的速度信息更高优先级的一条速度信息选择滑行转矩；以及
与所述车辆的电池连接的驱动电动机，当所述车辆滑行时使用由所述滑行转矩控制器选择的滑行转矩产生恢复电力，并将所产生的恢复电力传输到电池电源中；其中
所述速度信息包括关于所述车辆当前行驶的道路的类型的道路信息和关于所述车辆当前行驶的道路的平均速度的交通信息，并且
所述道路信息和所述交通信息之中指示较低平均速度的信息比指示较高平均速度的信息被分配更高的优先级。
11.根据权利要求10所述的滑行转矩控制***，其中所述滑行转矩控制器基于所述外部信息之外的信息计算关于车辆当前行驶的道路的额外速度信息。
12.根据权利要求10所述的滑行转矩控制***，所述滑行转矩控制器包括所述一条或多条速度信息和所述车辆的当前速度分别与多个滑行转矩相匹配的滑行转矩图。
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