CN106346141A - Metal cutting device based on composite laser beams - Google Patents

Metal cutting device based on composite laser beams Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106346141A
CN106346141A CN201610806170.8A CN201610806170A CN106346141A CN 106346141 A CN106346141 A CN 106346141A CN 201610806170 A CN201610806170 A CN 201610806170A CN 106346141 A CN106346141 A CN 106346141A
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Prior art keywords
laser
module
metal
occurs
output
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CN201610806170.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106346141B (en
Inventor
朱晓
齐丽君
王海林
朱广志
朱长虹
许本志
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/0604—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams
    • B23K26/0608—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams in the same heat affected zone [HAZ]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/142—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor for the removal of by-products

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal cutting device based on composite laser beams. The device comprises a first laser generation module, a second laser generation module, a laser beam combining module and an auxiliary gas module. The first laser generation module outputs lasers capable of melting metal into metal melt, the second laser generation module outputs lasers capable of discharging the metal melt, the laser beam combining module combines the lasers output by the first laser generation module with the lasers output by the second laser generation module to form compound laser beams, the auxiliary gas module outputs high-speed gas flow to generate first reactive force for the metal melt, and the compound laser beams act on metal; the lasers, output by the first laser generation module, in the compound laser beams melt the metal into the metal melt; the lasers, output by the second laser generation module, in the compound laser beams generate second reactive force on the surface of the metal, the metal melt is discharged through the first reactive force and the second reaction force, discharge speed is increased, recast layers and residues are reduced, and laser cutting efficiency and quality are improved.

Description

A kind of metal-cutting device based on recombination laser bundle
Technical field
The invention belongs to photoelectron technical field is and in particular to a kind of metal-cutting device based on recombination laser bundle.
Background technology
Since proposition blow oxygen carries out metal laser cutting, laser cutting technique is because of fast, the contactless property of its cutting speed, hot shadow Ring that region is little, thermal deformation is little, extensive adaptability and motility, become the important modern advanced machining technology of industrial circle.Mesh Front laser cutting technique can be divided into vaporization cutting, anaerobic fusing cutting, the cutting of fluxing of oxygen and controlled fracturing blasting cutting.Laser is cut Cut technology principle be laser action in rapidoprint, laser energy make rapidoprint melt, discharged molten by high velocity air Melt thing.Because the fused mass velocity of discharge is slower, cut efficiency cannot improve, and easily forms re cast layer, in addition, relying primarily on High velocity air come to discharge fused mass easily cause slag stick overleaf, the material back side formed residue burr, the wind of high velocity air Speed and direction are very big on the dynamic accuracy impact of cutting, and high velocity air is bigger, dynamic accuracy is affected bigger.
Therefore, current laser cutting technique generally existing that the speed of service is low, dynamic accuracy is poor and cutting section quality It is difficult the problems such as ensure, for further improve product quality and productivity ratio, reduces operating cost, need the new pattern laser proposing Cutter sweep, to meet growing production needs.
Content of the invention
There is provided a kind of metal-cutting device based on recombination laser bundle for the drawbacks described above present invention it is intended to solve existing sharp Light cutter sweep discharges the speed of fused mass compared with slow and lead to that cutting efficiency is low, the ropy technology of cutting section is asked due to air-flow Topic.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of metal-cutting device based on recombination laser bundle, swashs including first Light occurs module, second laser module to occur, swashs combiner module and auxiliary gas module；There is module output in first laser End is connected with sharp combiner module one input, and second laser occurs module outfan, and another input connects with sharp combiner module Connect；
There is module in described first laser, can make, for output, the laser that metal melt is metal melt；
There is module in described second laser, for exporting the laser that can exclude metal melt；
Described sharp combiner module, for making laser that metal melt is metal melt and can exclude metal melting The sharp combiner of thing is recombination laser bundle；
Described auxiliary gas module, for outbound course and recombination laser Shu Fangxiang identical high velocity air.
Occur module output can make the laser that metal melt is metal melt by first laser, mould is occurred by second laser Block output can exclude the laser of metal melt, through swashing combiner module, first laser module output laser and second occurs It is recombination laser bundle that laser occurs module output to swash combiner, and recombination laser bundle acts on metal, first in recombination laser bundle Laser occurs under module output laser action, and metal surface is molten into metal melt, and metal melt is gradually to material internal Extend, the liquefaction evaporation of small part metal melt, most of metal melt occurs module output laser to be formed in second laser The recoil strength collective effect that formed of recoil strength and high velocity air under, sputtering in liquid form is discharged, rapidly in metal surface Form hole, after metal surface forms hole, along the direction of cutting, metal phase is transported for recombination laser and high velocity air Dynamic, form joint-cutting.
Further, also include laser focusing module, for by recombination laser bundle focus on, sharp combiner module outfan with Laser focusing module input connects, and can lift the power density of recombination laser bundle by focusing on recombination laser bundle, be conducive to Improve cutting efficiency and quality.
Further, there is module output mean power in 5mw/cm in described first laser2～50mw/cm2Laser, should Laser under mean power can cut common metal, such as rustless steel, copper and carbon steel etc..
Further, described first laser occurs module is the continuous wave laser or pulse width long pulse impulse in Millisecond Light device.
Further, described second laser occurs module output peak power to reach 5000w and pulse width is microsecond The following laser of level, can produce bigger recoil strength, be conducive to discharging metal melt, improve cutting efficiency and quality.
Further, described second laser occurs module is pulse laser below Microsecond grade for the pulse width.
Further, described sharp combiner module is optical-fiber bundling device, described first laser occur module pass through optical fiber with Described optical-fiber bundling device is connected, and described second laser occurs module to be connected with described optical-fiber bundling device by optical fiber, optical-fiber bundling Device integrated level is high, good stability.
Further, described sharp combiner module is polarization beam combiner, and first laser occurs module output polarization laser to penetrate To on polarization bundling device, second laser occurs module output polarization laser to be mapped on polarization beam combiner, and first laser occurs mould Block output polarization laser polarization state occurs module output polarization laser polarization state orthogonal with second laser.
Further, described laser bundling device is space bundling device, and first laser occurs module output laser to be mapped to space On bundling device, second laser occurs module output laser to be mapped on polarization bundling device, and first laser occurs swashing of module output There is the laser vertical of module output with second laser in light, space bundling device is easy and simple to handle, easily realizes.
By the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention, compared with prior art, the following beneficial effect of acquirement:
1st, by being combined that the laser of first laser generation module output and the laser of second laser generation module output form Laser beam cuts metal, and in recombination laser, first laser occurs the laser of module output to melt metal and form metal melt, Second laser occurs the laser of module output can reach very high surface temperature and forms recoil strength, by second laser, module occurs Under the recoil strength collective effect that the recoil strength that the laser of output is formed is formed with high velocity air, make metal melt quickly with liquid The mode of sputtering is discharged, and reduces re cast layer and the formation of material residues, makes processing Metal Surface Roughness little, improves cut The quality of metal, and significantly improve cutting efficiency.
2nd, the present invention utilizes first laser to occur module output laser and second laser to occur module to export laser composition Recombination laser bundle cuts metal, reduces the requirement to laser instrument, and reaches more preferable cutting effect, significantly reduces the present invention Cost.
Brief description
Fig. 1 the structural representation of present invention；
The structural representation of Fig. 2 another embodiment of the present invention；
The structural representation of Fig. 3 another embodiment of the present invention；
The structural representation of Fig. 4 another embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention provide based on the metal-cutting device of recombination laser bundle include first laser occur mould Block, for export can melt metal be metal melt laser, second laser occur module, for export can discharge metal melt Melt the laser of thing, sharp combiner module, for occurring module output laser by first laser and by second laser, module occur It is recombination laser bundle that output swashs combiner, and first laser occurs module outfan to be connected with an input of sharp combiner module, Second laser occurs module outfan to be connected with another input of sharp combiner module.
Recombination laser bundle acts on metal, in the presence of there is module output laser in first laser in recombination laser, Metal surface is molten into metal melt first, and metal melt gradually extends to material internal, small part metal melt Liquefaction evaporation, the recoil strength that the recoil strength that most of metal melt is formed in high-peak power laser is formed with high velocity air is altogether Under same-action, sputtering in liquid form is discharged, and recombination laser bundle forms hole in metal surface rapidly, and metal is along cutting Moving with respect to recombination laser and high velocity air in direction, forms joint-cutting.
Under the recoil strength collective effect that the recoil strength being formed by high-peak power laser is formed with high velocity air, make Jin Jin Belong to fused mass sputter away in liquid form, reduce cutting process in re cast layer and material residues formation, reduce processing Material surface roughness, improves the quality of laser cut metal material, in addition, there is mould using by first laser in the present embodiment There is the recombination laser bundle cutting metal of the laser composition of module output in the laser of block output and second, reduce and laser instrument is wanted Ask, and reach more preferable cutting effect, significantly reduce the cost of the present invention.
Another kind of embodiment providing as the present invention, the metal-cutting device based on recombination laser bundle also includes laser and gathers Burnt module, for recombination laser is focused on, formed high power density recombination laser bundle, the outfan of sharp combiner module with swash The input of light focus module connects, and the recombination laser bundle of high power density acts on metal, makes metal melt be that metal melts The speed melting thing improves, and enables to occur module output laser to produce bigger recoil strength by second laser, is conducive to faster Speed discharges metal melt, reduces re cast layer and is formed with material residues, improves Metal Cutting quality.
Another kind of embodiment providing as the present invention, it is 5mw/ that first laser occurs the mean power that module exports laser cm2～50mw/cm2Laser, the laser under this power can cut common metal, such as rustless steel, copper and carbon steel etc..
As the present invention provide another kind of embodiment, second laser occur module export peak power reach 5000w with And pulse width is the following laser of Microsecond grade, bigger recoil strength can be produced, be conducive to discharging metal melt, reduce double teeming Layer is formed with material residues, improves cutting efficiency and quality.
As shown in Fig. 2 another kind of embodiment that the present invention provides, continuous wave laser 1 can make the thawing metal be for output The continuous laser of financial fused mass, and continuous wave laser 1 can export high laser energy, be conducive to lifting cutting speed and cut Cut quality, pulse laser 2 is used for exporting to discharge metal melt and laser below micron order for the pulse width, continuously swashs Light device 1 is connected with optical-fiber bundling device 3 by optical fiber, and pulse laser 2 is connected with optical-fiber bundling device 3, using optical fiber by optical fiber Bundling device realizes laser beam, is easily installed, and optical-fiber bundling device good stability, continuous laser and arteries and veins that continuous wave laser 1 exports The pulse laser rushing laser instrument 2 output closes bundle for recombination laser bundle 4 through optical-fiber bundling device 3, and recombination laser bundle 4 is through reflecting mirror After 5 reflections, direction changes, and the conjunction bundle laser beam 4 after direction changes focuses on through condenser lenses 6, obtains answering of high power density Close laser beam 9, recombination laser bundle 9 acts on metal 10 through protective glass 7, in the presence of continuous laser in closing bundle laser beam 9, Heating metal fusing metal, form metal melt, and metal melt gradually extends to material internal, assist gas device 8 Produce the high velocity air with recombination laser bundle 9 equidirectional, the recoil strength being formed in high velocity air forms recoil with pulse laser So that metal melt sputters discharge in liquid form under the collective effect of power, quickly form hole, after forming hole, gold Belong to and moving with respect to recombination laser and high velocity air along the direction of cutting, form joint-cutting, in the recombination laser of high power density In the presence of bundle and high velocity air, accelerate the formation of metal melt, and make metal melt sputter discharge in liquid form, subtract Few re cast layer and the formation of material residues, are conducive to lifting rate of cutting and quality.
As shown in figure 3, another kind of embodiment that the present invention provides, polarization continuous wave laser 1, continuous for output polarization Laser, polarized pulses laser instrument 2, for the pulse laser of the output polarization orthogonal with the continuous laser polarization state of polarization, and arteries and veins Impulse light impulse length, below micron order, is mapped to polarization light combination mirror by the continuous laser that continuous polarization laser 1 exports polarization On 12, it is mapped on polarization light combination mirror 12 by the pulse laser that pulse polarization laser 2 exports polarization, closes through polarization light combination mirror 12 Restraint as recombination laser bundle 4, after reflecting mirror 5 reflection, direction changes recombination laser bundle 4, and the conjunction Shu Jiguang 4 after direction changes restraints Focus on through condenser lenses 6 again, obtain the recombination laser 9 of high power density, composite light beam 9 acts on metal through protective glass 7 10, in the presence of the continuous laser of polarization in closing Shu Jiguang 9, heat metal fusing metal, form metal melt, metal Fused mass gradually extends to material internal, and auxiliary gas device 8 produces the high velocity air with recombination laser bundle equidirectional, in height The recoil strength that fast air-flow is formed is formed under the collective effect of recoil strength so that metal melt is with liquid with the pulse laser polarizing Form sputters discharges, and quickly forms hole, and after forming hole, metal is along the direction cut with respect to recombination laser and high speed Air motion, forms joint-cutting, in the presence of the recombination laser bundle of high power density and high velocity air, accelerates the shape of metal melt Become, and make metal melt sputter discharge in liquid form, reduce re cast layer and the formation of material residues, be conducive to lifting cutting Speed and quality.
As shown in figure 4, another kind of embodiment that the present invention provides, long-pulse laser 1, metal can be melted it is for exporting The Long Pulse LASER of metal melt, Long Pulse LASER is easily achieved, and can reduce the cost of the present embodiment, and Long Pulse LASER is beaten To on beam cementing prism 13, pulse laser 2, swashs for exporting the pulse under the pulsewidth length micron order that can discharge metal melt Light, and pulse laser direction is vertical with Long Pulse LASER direction, pulse laser is got on beam cementing prism 13, Long Pulse LASER and arteries and veins It is recombination laser bundle 4 that impulse light closes bundle through beam cementing prism 13, realizes swashing combiner using beam cementing prism 13, easy and simple to handle, easily Realize closing bundle, after reflecting mirror 5 reflection, direction changes laser beam 4, and the conjunction Shu Jiguang 4 after direction changes restraints again through over-focusing Lens 6 focus on, and obtain the recombination laser 9 of high power density, and composite light beam 9 acts on metal 10 through protective glass 7, are closing Shu Ji In the presence of Long Pulse LASER in light 9, heat metal fusing metal, form metal melt, metal melt is gradually to material Material inside extends, and auxiliary gas device 8 produces the high velocity air with recombination laser bundle equidirectional, anti-in high velocity air formation Impulse force is formed under the collective effect of recoil strength so that metal melt sputters discharge in liquid form with pulse laser, quick shape Become hole, along the direction of cutting, metal phase is moved for recombination laser and high velocity air, forms joint-cutting, high power density In the presence of recombination laser bundle and high velocity air, the quick formation of metal melt, and so that metal melt is splashed in liquid form Penetrate discharge, reduce re cast layer and the formation of material residues, be conducive to lifting rate of cutting and quality.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to Limit the present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc., all should comprise Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of metal-cutting device based on recombination laser bundle it is characterised in that include: first laser occur module, second There is module, swash combiner module and auxiliary gas module in laser；There is module outfan and sharp combiner mould in first laser Block one input connects, and second laser occurs module outfan input another with sharp combiner module to be connected；
There is module in described first laser, can make, for output, the laser that metal melt is metal melt；
There is module in described second laser, for exporting the laser that can exclude metal melt；
Described sharp combiner module, for making laser that metal melt is metal melt and can exclude metal melt Sharp combiner is recombination laser bundle；
Described auxiliary gas module, for outbound course and recombination laser Shu Fangxiang identical high velocity air.
2. metal-cutting device according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that also include laser focusing module, for focusing on Recombination laser bundle, described sharp combiner module outfan is connected with the input of laser focusing module.
3. metal-cutting device according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described first laser occurs module output average Power is in 5mw/cm2～50mw/cm2Laser.
4. metal-cutting device according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that it is continuously to swash that described first laser occurs module Light device or pulse width are in the long-pulse laser of Millisecond.
5. metal-cutting device according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that there is module output peak value in described second laser It is the following laser of Microsecond grade that power reaches 5000w and pulse width.
6. metal-cutting device according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that it is pulse width that described second laser occurs module Pulse laser below Microsecond grade for the degree.
7. the metal-cutting device according to any one of claim 1-6 is it is characterised in that described sharp combiner module is light Fine bundling device, described first laser occurs module to be connected with described optical-fiber bundling device by optical fiber, and described second laser occurs mould Block is connected with described optical-fiber bundling device by optical fiber.
8. the metal-cutting device according to any one of claim 1-6 is it is characterised in that described sharp combiner module is inclined Shake bundling device, and first laser occurs module output polarization laser to be mapped on polarization beam combiner, and second laser occurs module output partially The laser that shakes is mapped on polarization beam combiner, and first laser occurs module output polarization laser polarization state, with second laser, module occurs Output polarization laser polarization state is orthogonal.
9. the metal-cutting device according to any one of claim 1-6 is it is characterised in that described laser bundling device is space Bundling device, first laser occurs module output laser to be mapped on the bundling device of space, and second laser occurs module output laser to be mapped to On polarization bundling device, and first laser occurs the laser of module output and second laser that the laser vertical of module output occurs.
CN201610806170.8A 2016-09-07 2016-09-07 A kind of metal-cutting device based on recombination laser beam Active CN106346141B (en)

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CN106862758A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-06-20 天津东方锐镭科技有限责任公司 A kind of compound standard laser-processing system
CN109894737A (en) * 2019-04-17 2019-06-18 深圳信息职业技术学院 A kind of the laser polishing device and method of metal curved surface
CN110293326A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-10-01 长沙理工大学 A kind of method of double light beam laser cutting slab
CN110303257A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-10-08 华中科技大学 A kind of laser compound cuts separate the method and device of transparent fragile material
CN112008236A (en) * 2020-09-09 2020-12-01 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Laser cutting method and laser cutting equipment for ferrite
CN113329838A (en) * 2019-01-22 2021-08-31 辛诺瓦有限公司 Method and apparatus for cutting or ablating a workpiece using a fluid jet guided composite laser beam

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CN106862758A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-06-20 天津东方锐镭科技有限责任公司 A kind of compound standard laser-processing system
CN113329838A (en) * 2019-01-22 2021-08-31 辛诺瓦有限公司 Method and apparatus for cutting or ablating a workpiece using a fluid jet guided composite laser beam
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CN112008236A (en) * 2020-09-09 2020-12-01 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Laser cutting method and laser cutting equipment for ferrite

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