CN106277132A - Sea water desalinating unit and the flow control method of thermal-arrest liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of sea water desalinating unit and the flow control method of thermal-arrest liquid, described sea water desalinating unit includes: the vaporizer connected by jet chimney and condenser；Wherein, Recuperative heat exchanger and heat exchanger it are equipped with respectively in described vaporizer and condenser；Wherein, the water side of described Recuperative heat exchanger stretches to described heat exchanger；And solar thermal collector, it includes housing and the thermal-arrest portion being placed in described housing, the thermal-arrest liquid feed liquor separating tube in described thermal-arrest portion, going out and form flow path between liquid collector tube and at least some of capillary tube heat extractor, described heat exchanger makes described flow path form closed loop；And on the premise of there is physical significance, it is possible to the number of the described capillary tube heat extractor of described flow path is accessed by adjustable mode.The sea water desalinating unit of the present invention can meet desalinization demand by the flow process adjusting thermal-arrest liquid.

Description

Sea water desalinating unit and the flow control method of thermal-arrest liquid

Technical field

The present invention relates to radiant heat energy to utilize field very much, be specifically related to a kind of sea water desalinating unit and thermal-arrest liquid Flow control method.

Background technology

Thermal-arrest liquid in solar thermal collector is by free convection or pump flowing at present.Heat-collecting temperature and flow are passively adjusted Joint, it is impossible to according to actual needs dynamically by adjusting running status (heat-collecting temperature and flow) to adapt to weather and the demand of use Change；And solar thermal collector generally uses the heat-absorbent surface of slab construction to absorb solar energy, and the temperature of heat-absorbent surface is universal Higher than endothermic tube temperature, define a hyperthermia radiation face and leakage hot side, affect collecting efficiency.

At present for the improvement of solar thermal collector, the heat-collecting temperature being primarily directed to heat collector is carried out.As at vacuum tube Heat collector is inserted into metal tube to change fluid flow, or carries out segment set thermal flow process in the thermal-collecting tube of flat plate collector Arranged in series etc..But the optimization to solar thermal collector is extremely limited, the most fundamentally change the heat-collecting capacity of heat collector with And the utilization rate of raising heat collector, make heat collector can automatically adjust thermal-arrest liquid flow high efficiency according to use demand and run, be still Treat the problem optimized further.

The heat collection function utilizing solar thermal collector carries out the application of desalinization widely.But solar energy collection at present Thermal-arrest liquid in hot device is by free convection or pump flowing, and heat-collecting temperature is affected greatly by solar radiation, heat-collecting temperature and heat-collecting capacity Fluctuation is big, it is impossible to dynamically regulate the collection heat level of heat collector according to the actual demand of sea water desalinating unit.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, how to adjust the collection of thermal-arrest liquid according to the demand of desalinization circulation Hot temperature and heat-collecting capacity.

Solution

In view of this, An embodiment provides a kind of sea water desalinating unit, this sea water desalinating unit includes: The vaporizer connected by jet chimney and condenser；Wherein, Recuperative heat exchanger it is equipped with respectively in described vaporizer and condenser And heat exchanger；Wherein, the water side of described Recuperative heat exchanger stretches to described heat exchanger；；And solar thermal collector, it includes Housing and the thermal-arrest portion being placed in described housing；Wherein, described thermal-arrest portion includes feed liquor separating tube, goes out liquid collector tube and put In therebetween, heat collection unit that several are arranged side by side；Wherein, each described heat collection unit include compound parabolic concentrator and Being placed in the capillary tube heat extractor on described compound parabolic concentrator across column, the thermal-arrest liquid in described capillary tube heat extractor absorbs Energy can be radiated very much by what described compound parabolic concentrator reflected；Described thermal-arrest liquid described feed liquor separating tube, described in go out liquid collection Forming flow path between liquid pipe and at least some of described capillary tube heat extractor, described heat exchanger makes described flow path be formed Closed loop；And on the premise of there is physical significance, it is possible to the described capillary of described flow path is accessed by adjustable mode The number of tube heat sucker.

For above-mentioned sea water desalinating unit, in a kind of possible implementation, described feed liquor separating tube and described go out liquid Several electrically operated valves are distributed on collector tube, by adjusting the on off state of each described electrically operated valve, are in open state Electrically operated valve make thermal-arrest liquid described feed liquor separating tube, described in go out between liquid collector tube and described capillary tube heat extractor formed The flow path of capillary tube heat extractor adjustable, multistage heat absorption；Wherein, on feed liquor separating tube, the direction in downstream is swum over to as hair The direction that the heat absorption progression of tubule heat extractor is incremented by, then endotherm area >=the place of the capillary tube heat extractor of the high-temperature level that progression is higher Endotherm area in the capillary tube heat extractor of the relatively low low-temperature level of progression.

For above-mentioned sea water desalinating unit, in a kind of possible implementation, also including control portion, it is electronic with each Valve is electrical connection, for adjusting the on off state of each described electrically operated valve；For adjusting each institute through described control portion For stating the flow path of on off state formation of electrically operated valve, on the direction that the heat absorption progression of capillary tube heat extractor is incremental, When total heat absorption progression of capillary tube heat extractor is odd number, the electrically operated valve being located at the most downstream on described feed liquor separating tube should Close, be located at described in go out the electrically operated valve of the most downstream on liquid collector tube and should open；Heat absorption progression when capillary tube heat extractor During for even number, otherwise.

For above-mentioned sea water desalinating unit, in a kind of possible implementation, described feed liquor separating tube is additionally provided with tune Amount of restriction control valve, adjusts thermal-arrest liquid in described flow path by the aperture adjusting described regulation flow control valve Flow.

For above-mentioned sea water desalinating unit, in a kind of possible implementation, described solar thermal collector also includes passing Sensor group, comprising: first sensor group, it is located at the upstream of described feed liquor separating tube, is used for detecting thermal-arrest liquid in import The characteristic parameter at place；Second sensor group, its be located at described in go out the downstream of liquid collector tube, be used for detecting thermal-arrest liquid in exit Characteristic parameter；3rd sensor group, it is located in the environment residing for described solar thermal collector, is used for detecting ambient parameter； And evaporation of seawater temperature sensor, it is located at the water side of the Recuperative heat exchanger that described desalinization circulates, is used for detecting sea The heating temperature of water；Above-mentioned (first, second, third) sensor group and described evaporation of seawater temperature sensor are respectively with described Control portion electrically connects, for providing the benchmark ginseng of the on off state for adjusting each described electrically operated valve to described control portion Number.

Preferably, with the axial direction of described capillary heat extractor as length direction, described compound parabolic concentrator is with described Capillary heat extractor adapts in the size of this length direction, and the intercepting ratio of described compound parabolic concentrator is in the range of 0～4/ 5.Preferably, described capillary tube heat extractor is placed on the focal circle of described compound parabolic concentrator along its length, and described hair Caliber≤the 4mm of tubule heat extractor.

For above-mentioned sea water desalinating unit, in a kind of possible implementation, by described two-way and above described hair Tubule heat extractor parallel connection forms capillary tube group, and the both sides of described capillary tube group are respectively by two grades of liquor separators and described feed liquor separatory Manage with described go out liquid collector tube connect.

The flow control method additionally providing a kind of thermal-arrest liquid of the present invention, this flow control method includes: control portion Gather parameter and the service data of solar thermal collector, also gather the heating temperature of sea water；Control portion is based on described parameter, institute State service data and the heating temperature of described sea water, to solar thermal collector corresponding under selected current desalinization pattern Object function be optimized；Control portion obtains the feed liquor being located at solar thermal collector corresponding when object function is optimal value and divides Liquid pipe and the target switch state of each electrically operated valve gone out on liquid collector tube；Wherein, described optimal value is to fixed temperature and stream The lower minimum pump merit of amount；The on off state of electrically operated valve is adjusted to target switch state by control portion so that solar thermal collector Thermal-arrest liquid feed liquor separating tube, go out liquid collector tube, capillary tube heat extractor and desalinization circulation vaporizer in heat exchanger Between form adjustable flow path.

For above-mentioned flow control method, in a kind of possible implementation, this flow control method also includes: control Heating temperature that portion shows described sea water and the information drawn according to described parameter and service data, including: thermal-arrest liquid Liquid in-out temperature, flow and pressure reduction；Current ambient parameter；And the current on off state of each described electrically operated valve； The parameter of storage sea water desalinating unit and service data, recall for follow-up.

Beneficial effect

The sea water desalinating unit of the present invention improves stability and the efficiency of desalinization, specifically, by using capillary Tube heat sucker improves collecting efficiency with the heat collection unit of compound parabolic concentrator composition, and by changing the stream of thermal-arrest liquid Dynamic path adjusts collecting efficiency, and different desalinization demands are fitted by the heat-collecting temperature and the heat-collecting capacity that improve solar thermal collector Ying Xing.

Accompanying drawing explanation

When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is possible to be more completely more fully understood that the present invention.Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing A further understanding of the present invention, embodiment and explanation thereof are used for explaining the present invention, are not intended that inappropriate limitation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 illustrates the structural representation of the sea water desalinating unit of one embodiment of the invention；Fig. 2 illustrates one reality of the present invention Execute the solar thermal collector cross-sectional schematic of the sea water desalinating unit of example.

Fig. 3 illustrates the logic diagram in the control portion of the solar thermal collector of one embodiment of the present of invention；Fig. 4-1 illustrates this The logic diagram of a kind of embodiment in the control portion of the solar thermal collector of one embodiment of invention (controls device and remotely control Device processed has shared out the work and helped one another all functions)；Fig. 4-2 illustrates another of the control portion of the heat collector of one embodiment of the present of invention Plant the logic diagram (control device and individually complete all functions) of embodiment；Fig. 5 illustrates the optically focused of one embodiment of the present of invention A kind of logic diagram of the optimal way in the control portion of formula solar thermal collector.

Reference numerals list

1, feed liquor separating tube 2, capillary tube heat extractor 3, go out liquid collector tube 4, compound parabolic concentrator 5, electrically operated valve 61, first temperature sensor the 62, second temperature sensor 63, three-temperature sensor 64, evaporation of seawater temperature sensor 7, flow transducer the 81, first differential pressure pickup measuring point the 82, second differential pressure pickup measuring point 9, flow control valve 10, wind speed Sensor 11, solar radiation sensor 12, circulating pump 13, vaporizer 14, heat exchanger 15, condenser 16, backheat heat exchange Device 17, holding wire 18, base plate 19, heat-insulation layer 20, framework 21, cover-plate glass 22, discharge outlet 1, discharge outlet two 24, jet chimney.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical scheme is described in further detail by embodiment.

The sea water desalinating unit of the present invention belongs to a kind of concrete application of solar thermal collector.Specifically, the sun is passed through The thermal source that energy heat collector (hereinafter referred to heat collector) circulates as desalinization so that (concrete amount is according to dress for sea water part Depending on putting the evaporated composition contained by treatment scale and sea) heating evaporation, after i.e. being desalinated after the water vapor condensation of evaporation Sea water (such as the fresh water of different qualities), can radiate very much after energy as sea more specifically, the thermal-arrest liquid in heat collector absorbs The thermal source of water desalination circulation.The liquid in thermal-arrest liquid not physical significance the most herein, as being construed to, has flowing Performance and can be able to be liquid medium with heat-carrying, the medium of heat transfer, such as calcium chloride concentrated solution, potassium chloride concentrated solution Deng.Can also be gaseous medium etc. other there is the medium of identical functions, such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon etc..This Bright by the solar collecting performance of heat collector is optimized so that heat collector more mates with the demand of sea water desalinating unit.

Embodiment 1

Fig. 1 illustrates the structural representation of the sea water desalinating unit of one embodiment of the invention.Main by heat collector The heat energy that thermal-arrest liquid is absorbed is for the desalination to sea water.And by adjusting the collection heat level of heat collector, it is possible to meet difference Desalination demand.

As it is shown in figure 1, as a example by thermal-arrest liquid is as liquid medium, this sea water desalinating unit specifically includes that 1) desalinization Circulation, its structure mainly includes the vaporizer 13 by pipeline connection and condenser 15.Wherein vaporizer 13 and condenser 15 Inside is equipped with heat exchanger 14 and Recuperative heat exchanger 16 respectively, and the water side of Recuperative heat exchanger 16 is stretched into heat exchanger 14 and is placed in steaming Send out the top of device 13.And 2) for vaporizer 13 provides the heat collector of desalinization thermal source, its structure mainly includes housing And the thermal-arrest portion being placed in housing；Housing is mainly used as the carrier in thermal-arrest portion, and ensures that sunlight can be through the lid of housing Glass sheet 21 exposes to thermal-arrest portion.Sea water enters desalinization circulation from the water inlet end of Recuperative heat exchanger 16, flow to backheat heat exchange Be sprinkled upon the surface of heat exchanger 14 behind the water side of device 16 through spray thrower, the heat energy that the thermal-arrest liquid in heat exchanger 14 is collected will be sprinkled upon The heating of seawater on its surface, after sea water is heated, transpirable part is passed through condenser 15 by jet chimney 24 and is condensed into desalination After water, discharge through being located at the discharge outlet 1 bottom condenser 15, the part of non-vaporising is then by through being located at vaporizer Discharge outlet 2 23 bottom 13 is discharged.

Further as in figure 2 it is shown, the structure of housing mainly includes base plate 18, framework 20, heat-insulation layer 19 and cover-plate glass 21；Wherein: the upper surface of framework 20 covers the cover-plate glass 21 of high printing opacity, and the inner side of the framework 20 in addition to upper surface is equipped with guarantor Temperature layer 19；Base plate 18 is located at the top of the heat-insulation layer 19 bottom framework 20.Thermal-arrest portion mainly includes feed liquor separating tube 1, goes out liquid collection Liquid pipe 3 and be placed in therebetween, heat collection unit that several are arranged side by side.Each heat collection unit mainly includes compound parabolic optically focused Device 4 (CPC) and the capillary tube heat extractor 2 being placed on CPC4 across column, thermal-arrest liquid in capillary tube heat extractor 2 absorb by After what CPC4 reflected can radiate energy very much, the heat energy of absorption is used for the desalinization of the present invention.Preferred as one, arranged side by side Heat collection unit is uniform, parallel arrangement mode.

In the present invention, thermal-arrest liquid at feed liquor separating tube 1, go out liquid collector tube 3 and at least some of capillary tube heat extractor 2 Between form flow path, and the thermal-arrest liquid that heat exchanger 14 makes this flow path be formed in closed loop, i.e. heat exchanger 14 completes It, for pumping into the upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1 after sea water transmission heat to be diluted through circulating pump 12, completes flow path Selection after, again flow into heat exchanger 14 through going out the downstream of liquid collector tube 3, the sea water in vaporizer 15 heated, makes Obtain sea water heat absorption intensification rear section evaporation and realize desalination, so circulate.And on the premise of there is physical significance, it is possible to by can The mode adjusted accesses the number of the described capillary tube heat extractor 2 of described flow path；I.e. made by certain adjustment mode Path is variable, such as the change optimizing and revising realizing route that can manually adjust the most easily or control portion comes.Backheat is changed The surface of the heat exchanger 14 that the sea water of the water side of hot device 16 is sprayed in vaporizer 13, the thermal-arrest liquid in heat exchanger 14 and sea Water heat exchange, sea water can form the part of steam and enter condenser 15 through jet chimney 24 after being heated, quilt in condenser 15 The relatively low sea water of temperature just flowed into is condensed by regenerator, forms the water after desalination.And can not evaporate after being heated, salinity high Salt then discharge vaporizer 13.Meanwhile, in this process, sea water provides the cold energy needed for condensation owing to playing to steam, The most also it is heated, from the point of view of this angle, decreases the collection thermic load of heat collector.

Additionally, by CPC4 being fixed on base plate 18, it is achieved that fixing of corresponding heat collection unit.Capillary tube heat extractor 2 Two ends respectively with feed liquor separating tube 1 and go out liquid collector tube 3 and be connected, the thermal-arrest liquid in heat exchanger 14 passes through heat collector upstream Heat collector entrance enter capillary tube heat extractor 2 through feed liquor separating tube 1, in capillary tube heat extractor 2 absorb CPC4 reflection heat After amount, it flow to out liquid collector tube 3, and by the heat collector outlet inflow heat exchanger 14 in heat collector downstream.

Preferred, in order to ensure the stability in heat-absorbing structure and thermal conversion efficiency, by capillary tube heat extractor 2 as one On the position of the focal circle being placed in CPC4, being placed in of being placed in herein, absolutely not stricti jurise, but by the position being generally residing in Relation reaches the effect that collecting efficiency improves, and as being construed to the position relative to focal circle, deviation is less than certain Numerical value gets final product (such as 0.5mm).Have in being in the range of structures of whole CPC4 due to this position and collect the advantage that heat is the most intensive, It is thus advantageous to improve the collecting efficiency of the thermal-arrest liquid in capillary tube heat extractor 2.

In a kind of possible embodiment, make path variable by certain adjustment mode, as it may be that on pipeline Several electrically operated valve 5 is distributed, by adjusting the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 so that as the thermal-arrest of heat-absorbing medium Liquid is after the upstream extremity entering liquid separating tube 1 enters heat collector, and the electrically operated valve being in open state makes thermal-arrest liquid enter Liquid separating tube 1, go out the target forming capillary tube heat extractor 2 adjustable, multistage between liquid collector tube 3 and capillary tube heat extractor 2 Flow path.Wherein, the side that the heat absorption progression being capillary tube heat extractor 2 with the direction swimming over to downstream on feed liquor separating tube 1 is incremented by To, then in order to ensure that thermal-arrest has the meaning of reality, the endotherm area >=place of the capillary tube heat extractor 2 of the high-temperature level that progression is higher Endotherm area in the capillary tube heat extractor 2 of the relatively low low-temperature level of progression.Thermal-arrest liquid is along the mistake of this target flow path Cheng Zhong, only enters the capillary tube heat extractor 2 that this target flow path comprised and absorbs the heat energy of the solar radiation reflected by CPC4 Afterwards, finally corresponding collection device and/or application scenario are flowed out to by the downstream going out liquid collector tube 3.In the present invention, pass through Flow through the thermal-arrest liquid of heat exchanger 14 and be sprayed to the seawater to make heat exchange on heat exchanger 14 surface, to realize the desalination to sea water.

It is arranged at feed liquor separating tube 1 and the switch shape of several electrically operated valves 5 gone out between liquid collector tube 3 by adjustment State so that same heat collector can have different target flow paths, the most different collection calorific intensitys according to practical situation.? In a kind of possible embodiment, the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 can adjust relatively independently, it is also possible to by therein More than one is as an entirety, carries out linkage and adjusts.With further reference to Fig. 1, in a kind of possible embodiment, electrodynamic valve The installation principle of door 5 can be: from the beginning of the upstream that thermal-arrest liquid enters feed liquor separating tube, pass through at feed liquor separating tube 1 every time After capillary tube heat extractor 2 carries out separatory to thermal-arrest liquid, the supervisor in the downstream of feed liquor separating tube 1 installs and is incorporated to electrodynamic valve Door 5, from being incorporated to the second road electrically operated valve 5, under the relevant position going out liquid collector tube 3 that capillary tube heat extractor 2 is connected Also install on the supervisor of trip side and be incorporated to electrically operated valve 5.

Certainly, aforesaid heat collector is mainly constituted by by the CPC4 organizing little yardstick and corresponding capillary tube heat extractor 2 more Heat collection unit form side by side.In a kind of possible embodiment, can and pipe comparatively short in the length of capillary tube endothermic tube 2 When number is more, can be in parallel by capillary tube heat extractor 2 more than two-way or two-way, form single hair before function is equivalent to The capillary tube group of tubule heat extractor 2, i.e. using this capillary tube group as most basic unit, at feed liquor separating tube 1 with go out liquid liquid collecting Being provided with several such capillary tube groups between pipe 3, but, each capillary tube heat extractor 2 in each capillary tube group needs logical Cross two grades of liquor separators to realize it and with feed liquor separating tube 1 and go out the connection of liquid collector tube 3.

It can be seen that except using single capillary tube heat extractor 2 as in addition to a single most basic unit, it is also possible to The most basic unit that function is suitable is formed by parallel for Multi-path capillary heat extractor 2.To improve the collection thermal effect of heat collector further Rate.

Additionally, for the structural integrity ensureing thermal-arrest portion, CPC4 answers in the size of length direction with capillary tube heat extractor 2 When adapting, adapting herein, it should be construed to roughly the same, herein roughly the same, inhales as being construed to capillary tube The length of hot device 2 can be slightly longer, and length difference is less than certain critical numerical value (if one side is less than 2cm).A kind of possible In embodiment, be 0～4/5 in the intercepting of CPC4 than scope, and the external diameter of capillary tube heat extractor 2 be not more than 4mm (preferably 1～ 4mm, more preferably 2～4mm) when, CPC4 can have and conventional flat plate collector or vacuum tube collector phase When size (such as height≤50mm), when CPC4 is suitable with the size of conventional heat collector, its can produce than The effect of the focusing ratio of 10 times is reached as high as, hence it is evident that improve collecting efficiency at least 2～5 times of conventional heat collector.Additionally, CPC4 can be to utilize the mode machine-shapings such as 3D printing.

It can be seen that present invention CPC4 instead of traditional absorber plate, instead of traditional heat pipe with capillary endothermic tube 2 Or routine endothermic tube, the introducing of CPC4 adds the endothermic heat flow density of capillary tube heat extractor 2, decreases area of dissipation；Due to Capillary tube heat extractor 2 can be preferably disposed in the position of the substantially focal circle of CPC4 by capillary tube endothermic tube 2, therefore the most sharp Condenser performance with CPC4 so that the temperature of the thermal-arrest liquid in capillary tube endothermic tube 2 within heat collector can reach theory On maximum temperaturerise, on the premise of high temp objects area and leaking heat are reduced, improve the collecting efficiency of heat collector.

In a kind of possible embodiment, the switch to each electrically operated valve 5 can be realized by introducing control portion The adjustment of state.With further reference to Fig. 1, if in seven electrically operated valves 5 being so that in Fig. 1 of the feedback result that control portion draws (1,3,5,7) (according to being incorporated to order, five electrically operated valves 5 refer to successively 1 bottom right, right in 2 times a, left side in 3 times, 4 bottom lefts, 5 Upper right, on 6 in, 7 upper left, wherein electrically operated valve (1,3,5,7) i.e. refers to bottom right, a lower middle left side, the electricity of position upper right, upper left Movable valve 5) be open mode, then form target flow path (flow process) as shown by the arrow.But, for through control portion For adjusting the flow path of on off state formation of each electrically operated valve 5, still it is to ensure that thermal-arrest has practical significance, On the direction that the heat absorption progression of capillary tube heat extractor 2 is incremented by, when the heat absorption progression of capillary tube heat extractor 2 is odd number, it is located at The electrically operated valve 5 of the most downstream on feed liquor separating tube 1 should be closed, and is located at out the electrodynamic valve of the most downstream on liquid collector tube 3 Door 5 should be opened；When the heat absorption progression of capillary tube heat extractor 2 is even number, otherwise then.

It can be seen that the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid can be changed by changing the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5；By changing Become the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid, it is possible to make to draw that the downstream of liquid collector tube 3 has and different go out liquid temp, such as: be complete at electrically operated valve 5 When opening, the target flow path of the thermal-arrest liquid of formation is parallel-connection flow, and the situation opened at part electrically operated valve 5 Under, then this target flow path includes at least a part of serial flow, particularly in the feelings that the progression being incorporated to electrically operated valve 5 is the highest Under condition, the heat-collecting temperature of thermal-arrest liquid can be significantly hotter than simple parallel-connection flow；Due at above-mentioned parallel-connection flow and serial flow Under (including the sections in series all connecting and comprising parallel branch), thermal-arrest liquid is formed when flowing through capillary tube heat extractor 2 Crushing different, therefore in the case of flow is identical, can have the pump merit of different pumping thermal-arrest liquid.

Additionally, as it is shown in figure 1, also include the sensor group of the service data for detecting heat collector, be mainly used in controlling The parameter acquisition in portion.Sensor group specifically includes that

I) first sensor group, it is located at the upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1, is used for detecting thermal-arrest liquid in heat collector import department Characteristic parameter, as being located at first temperature sensor 61 of porch (i.e. the upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1) of thermal-arrest liquid, flow Sensor 7 and the first differential pressure pickup measuring point 81 etc.；

Ii) the second sensor group, it is located at out the downstream of liquid collector tube 3, is used for detecting thermal-arrest liquid and exports at heat collector The characteristic parameter at place, as being located at second temperature sensor 62 He in the exit (i.e. going out the downstream of liquid collector tube 3) of thermal-arrest liquid Second differential pressure pickup measuring point 82 etc.；And

Iii) the 3rd sensor group, it is located in the environment residing for heat collector, is used for detecting ambient parameter, as being placed in environment In three-temperature sensor 63, air velocity transducer 10 and solar radiation sensor 11 etc.；

Iv) desalinization temperature sensor 64, it is located on the spray thrower in vaporizer 15 (as it may be that backheat heat exchange The water side of device 16 is connected to spray thrower, and spray thrower stretches into vaporizer 14), it is subject to for detecting the sea water of desalinization circulation Hot temperature.

Specifically: i), ii), iii) in temperature sensor (61,62,63) at three be respectively used to detect heat collector into and out of The temperature of the thermal-arrest liquid at Kou and the ambient temperature at heat collector place；I) flow transducer 7 in is used for detecting heat collecting liquid The flow of body；I), ii) in differential pressure pickup measuring point (81,82) at two be used for detecting thermal-arrest liquid flow through after heat collector The pressure drop in exit；Iii) air velocity transducer 10 in is for test environment wind speed；Iii) solar radiation sensor 11 in is used In test intensity of solar radiation.

Above-mentioned (first, second, third) sensor group and desalinization temperature sensor 64 are electrically connected with control portion respectively Connect, for providing the basic parameter of the on off state for adjusting each electrically operated valve 5 to control portion.The most above-mentioned all of test Data are transferred to control portion by holding wire 17, and control portion can be placed in desalinization circulation, it is also possible to is placed in desalinization Between circulation and heat collector, naturally it is also possible to be located at the inside of heat collector.Heat collector provides to vaporizer 13 by heat exchanger 14 The thermal source of desalinization.Heat collector determines collection heat pattern according to the demand of desalinization temperature, and heat collector is light to current sea water Flow path and the flow of the thermal-arrest liquid under the collection heat pattern that change pattern is corresponding are optimized.I.e. control portion is electronic by controlling The on off state of valve 5 adjusts the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid and finally realizes the collection corresponding to demand of different sea water heating temperatures Desalting process under heat pattern.

Additionally, control portion also flow control valve 9 with the upstream being located at feed liquor separating tube 1 realizes being electrically connected by holding wire 17 Connect, carry out domination set hot liquid flow in flow process by the aperture of regulation flow control valve 9.

But, the topmost function in control portion is for controlling opening of electrically operated valve 5 according to the operation conditions of heat collector Off status；And then change the target flow path of thermal-arrest liquid.As a kind of specific embodiment, with further reference to Fig. 3, control Portion processed has been used for the Row control to thermal-arrest liquid, and this flow control method mainly includes following functions:

31) receive capabilities, it is for gathering and upload the parameter of heat collector and can characterize heat collector running status Data (service data)；

32) processing function, it is according to the above-mentioned data that receive, combine currently collect setting that heat pattern had go out liquid Temperature (heating temperature of sea water), is optimized the object function under current collection heat pattern according to certain Optimized Approaches；

It is to be understood that the Optimized Approaches being mentioned above, existing, ripe being applied to can be used to tear choosing open and adjust Optimized algorithm (as neural network algorithm, ant group algorithm, one by one than equity), it is also possible to the most again compile Journey, or existing algorithm is carried out suitable adjustment, as long as can make currently to collect by adjusting the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 Object function under heat pattern is more excellent.

Additionally, about currently collecting heat pattern, in a kind of possible embodiment, can be preset several in control portion That select, classical target operational mode, each target operational mode can have specific object function, so that it is obtaining It is applicable to the occasion corresponding with target operational mode in the case of obtaining optimal value.Or, it is also possible to according to practical situation, controlling Newly-increased certain or certain several new target operational mode in portion, so that its object function is suitable in the case of obtaining optimal value For the occasion corresponding with new target operational mode.Wherein, the kind of optimal value at least includes with the highest temperature under given flow Rise, to making under liquid temp maximum stream flow and to pump merit minimum under fixed temperature and flow.

33) feedback function, it is for calculating the object function currently integrating heat pattern as each electricity corresponding during optimal value The target switch state of the on off state that movable valve 5 should have, i.e. each electrically operated valve 5；

34) performing function, feedback module is shown that the on off state that each electrically operated valve 5 should have is each with collect by it The current on off state of individual electrically operated valve 5 is compared, and performs order accordingly by sending so that each electrically operated valve 5 On off state be adjusted to target switch state.

It is, of course, also possible to possess other miscellaneous functions such as display, storage, specifically:

35) display function, it is for showing the real-time running state of heat collector by certain form, as can be to fortune Row state carries out classification, is then shown with forms such as " good, normal, overheated ", or according to practical situation and demand, will Some parameter of running status is shown, or the running status that some parameter is characterized with animation streams (such as thermal-arrest liquid Flow path etc.) form shown；

36) storage function, it is for recording and store parameter and the service data of heat collector；Primarily as standby number According to.As can be by the way of recalling data, it is simple to affect heat collector subsequently through the running status of heat collector is obtained The factor of energy, thus carry out improving the research of thermal performance of collectors.Or when heat collector breaks down, can be relevant by recalling Data are as the reference data of accident analysis.

With further reference to Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2, in a kind of possible embodiment, control portion can include controlling device With two ingredients of remote control, by the control portion that cooperated to of two ingredients should possess upper State function " 41～46 "；As, the division of labor of two parts can be: controls its main operational and control etc. that device mainly completes to be correlated with Function, remote control mainly completes the functions such as display.Specifically:

Controlling device as the core component in control portion, it is mainly integrated with following five functions:

4101) data acquisition function, gathers the service data of heat collector and transmits this data to remote control, its In: service data can include but not limited to: heat-collecting temperature, flow, the flowing pressure loss of thermal-arrest liquid, ambient temperature, wind Speed, one or more in intensity of solar radiation, be mainly used according to parameter calculate the fluid temperature rise of heat collector, leaking heat and Crushings etc. characterize the parameter of performance characteristic, or some intermediate parameters, or are used for some parameter at remote control end The running status reflected shows in real time；And the current switch states of each electrically operated valve 5, it is used as electrically operated valve 5 Normal condition when on off state is adjusted；

4102) pattern confirms function, accepts the pattern confirmation instruction that remote control is selected, and pattern confirms that instruction can To include: several existing heat collector operational modes select some as currently collecting heat pattern, or can according to work as Front heat-collecting temperature and flow, be manually entered new heat collector operational mode at remote control end, as currently collecting hot-die Formula；

4103) calculation function, is optimized the object function under current collection heat pattern, calculates object function and obtain The target switch state that each electrically operated valve 5 corresponding when the figure of merit should have, and with reference to aforementioned 4101) in benchmark shape State, sends corresponding control instruction to each electrically operated valve 5；

4104) storage and writing function, stores and records the relevant parameter of heat collector and service data (with real time execution The data that state is relevant), parameter can include but not limited to that the size of each parts of heat collector is (such as capillary tube heat extractor 2 and CPC4 Size), service data can include but not limited to heat-collecting temperature, flow, thermal-arrest liquid flowing pressure loss, ambient temperature, Wind speed and intensity of solar radiation etc.；And record the on off state (include current and adjust after) of each electrically operated valve 5.Deposit Storage is primarily to facilitate with writing function and data to be recalled when needed, as it may be that carry out the performance of heat collector studying with During overall merit, or when the fault of heat collector is analyzed, as reference data.

In addition to the basic function that aforementioned four should possess as a rule, it is also possible to there is following functions:

4105) display function, according to the actual requirements, can optionally show the part real-time running state of heat collector, Include but not limited to heat-collecting temperature, flow, thermal-arrest liquid flowing pressure loss, ambient temperature, wind speed, intensity of solar radiation, electricity Movable valve on off state and thermal-arrest liquid flow.Display herein, is primarily to facilitate site examining and repairing and the manipulation of heat collector.

Remote control is mainly integrated with following two function:

4201) display function, optionally receiving control device collection or the parameter that calculates or data, permissible Include but not limited to receive heat-collecting temperature, flow, thermal-arrest liquid flowing pressure loss, ambient temperature, wind speed and solar radiation strong Degree, is mainly used in showing accordingly on the display interface that remote control end has, in order to user understands currently Heat collector running environment situation and heat collector operational factor, and the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 can also be received, also it is Mainly it is easy to user and understands the running status of current heat collector.

4202) pattern confirms function, and sending mode confirms that instruction, to controlling device, is used for controlling device and selects heat collector Currently collect heat pattern, and the object function under current collection heat pattern is optimized, so that the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid is able to Optimize.

The calculating that the parameter of the heat collector that control device mainly explained below collects and service data can participate in, As being mainly used in calculating the temperature rise of heat collector, leaking heat and the pressure loss of thermal-arrest liquid.

The thermal-arrest liquid inlet temperature in heat collector porch can be set as T_in, the area of heat collector is A, and thermal-arrest liquid exists Outlet temperature T in heat collector exit_out, the progression (being from upstream to the number of the heat collection unit that downstream comprises) of heat collector is n, The area of the most each grade of distribution is A_i, it is assumed that intensity of solar radiation is I, and ambient temperature is T_a, the flow of thermal-arrest liquid is m.

Then the temperature rise of the first order is:

First, the temperature rise of the first order meets below equation

IA₁-Q_{l_1}=cm (T_{out_1}-T_{in_1})=cm Δ T₁ (1)

In formula, Δ T₁Temperature rise for first order thermal-arrest liquid；C is the specific heat of thermal-arrest liquid；T_{in_1}First order thermal-arrest liquid Inlet temperature, T_{in_1}=T_in；T_{out_1}For the outlet temperature of first order thermal-arrest liquid, it also it is the entrance temperature of second level thermal-arrest liquid Degree: T_{in_2}=T_{out_1}；Q_{l_1}For the leaking heat of first order heat extractor,

In formula, h is the convection transfer rate of heat collector outer surface and environment, and this convection transfer rate only has with ambient wind velocity Close, h=f (v)；A_{h_1}Exterior surface area for first order capillary tube heat extractor 2；Then can get the temperature rise of the thermal-arrest liquid first order For:

${\mathrm{\ΔT}}_1=\frac{{\mathrm{IA}}_1-Q_{l\_1}}{cm}=\frac{{\mathrm{IA}}_1-{\mathrm{hA}}_{h\_1}(\frac{T_{out\_1}+T_{in\_1}}{2}-T_a)}{cm}---\left(2\right)$

If the mean temperature of first order thermal-arrest liquid isThen can get first order temperature rise is:

${\mathrm{\ΔT}}_1=\frac{{\mathrm{IA}}_1-{\mathrm{hA}}_{h\_1}(T_1-T_a)}{cm}---\left(3\right)$

Same computational methods, second level heat collecting liquid body temperature rises computing formula and is:

IA₂-Q_{l_2}=cm (T_{out_2}-T_{in_2})=cm Δ T₂ (4)

$Q_{l\_2}={\mathrm{hA}}_{h\_2}(\frac{T_{out\_2}+T_{in\_2}}{2}-T_a)---\left(5\right)$

${\mathrm{\ΔT}}_2=\frac{{\mathrm{IA}}_2-{\mathrm{hA}}_{h\_2}(\frac{T_{out\_2}+T_{in\_2}}{2}-T_a)}{cm}=\frac{{\mathrm{IA}}_2-{\mathrm{hA}}_{h\_2}(T_2-T_a)}{cm}---\left(6\right)$

Then i-stage temperature rise is:

${\mathrm{\ΔT}}_i=\frac{{\mathrm{IA}}_i-{\mathrm{hA}}_{h\_i}(\frac{T_{out\_i}+T_{in\_i}}{2}-T_a)}{cm}=\frac{{\mathrm{IA}}_i-{\mathrm{hA}}_{h\_i}(T_i-T_a)}{cm}---\left(7\right)$

The temperature rise of n-th grade is:

${\mathrm{\ΔT}}_n=\frac{{\mathrm{IA}}_n-{\mathrm{hA}}_{h\_n}(T_n-T_a)}{cm}---\left(8\right)$

If it can be seen that the collector area of every one-level capillary tube heat extractor 2 is identical with endotherm area, then along with progression Increasing, endothermic temperature is more and more higher, then leaking heat increases therewith；And after progression increases to a certain degree, the heat absorption of heat collector Measuring equal with leaking heat, now, the temperature of thermal-arrest liquid reaches the hot temperature of maximum set, will not increase further, follow-up thermal-arrest Flow process only can waste pump merit.Therefore, heat collector to be improved go out liquid temp, then need according to every one-level heat collecting liquid body temperature liter After leaking heat improve the heat extractor area of every one-level step by step.

Wherein it is determined that the computational methods of every one-level pipeline number and pressure drop are:

Owing to the closedown of electrically operated valve 5 is that the flow process making thermal-arrest liquid changes, therefore, the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid Decision process mainly finds the electrically operated valve 5 being closed in flow process.The decision method of idiographic flow is:

First determining whether the most single flow process, the capillary tube heat extractor 2 of the most all sockets is in parallel.When meet remove into Outside the electrically operated valve 5 of liquid separating tube most end one-level is closed, other all of electrically operated valves 5 are all open modes Under situation, thermal-arrest liquid is single parallel-connection flow.

It not single parallel-connection flow at thermal-arrest liquid, when i.e. thermal-arrest liquid is multipaths, first divide at feed liquor First electrically operated valve 5 closed found by liquid pipe 1.I.e. j=1, i start to be gradually increased from 1, as a (x, 1)=0, first-class The pipeline number of journey is x；Then going out to find on liquid collector tube 3 second electrically operated valve 5 closed, i.e. j=2, i continue to increase from x Adding, as a (y, 2)=0, then the pipeline number of second procedure is y-x；Then the next electrically operated valve 5 closed should divide at feed liquor On liquid pipe 1, then, find the electrically operated valve 5 that the next one is closed on feed liquor separating tube 1, i.e. j=1, i continue to increase from y, work as a During (z, 2)=0, then the pipeline number of the 3rd flow process is z-y；The like until i=n-1 just can obtain every one-level pipeline number. Two electrically operated valves 5 of last string are finally to flow out from going out liquid collector tube 3 for domination set hot liquid, last electrically operated valve 5 On off state by flow process numerical control system: when flow process pipeline number is odd number, the electrically operated valve 5 on feed liquor separating tube 1 be close, Go out what the valve on liquid collector tube 3 was on；When flow process number is even number, the electrically operated valve 5 on feed liquor separating tube 1 is on , going out the electrically operated valve 5 on liquid collector tube 3 is to close.

Whole heat collector i.e. can be calculated after having determined the number of the capillary tube heat extractor 2 in flow process and each flow process The pressure drop of thermal-arrest liquid.It is equal to the pressure drop sum of every one-level.And the pressure drop of every one-level equal to capillary tube heat extractor 2 along journey pressure Fall and partial drop of pressure sum.Wherein:

Single capillary heat extractor 2 along journey pressure drop be:

$h_f=\mathrm{\λ}\·\frac{L}{D}\·\frac{V^2}{2g}---\left(9\right)$

In formula, λ is along journey pressure-drop coefficient, owing to the flowing of thermal-arrest liquid is generally laminar flow, desirableL For endothermic tube length；V is the flow velocity of thermal-arrest liquid in endothermic tube；G is acceleration of gravity；Re is the Reynolds number of thermal-arrest liquid；ρ is Heat collecting liquid body density；D is endothermic tube external diameter；μ is thermal-arrest liquid dynamic viscosity；

Partial drop of pressure is:

$h_{\mathrm{\ξ}}=\mathrm{\ξ}\·\frac{V^2}{2g}---\left(10\right)$

In formula, ξ is partial drop of pressure coefficient, inhales to capillary tube owing to the partial drop of pressure of heat collector is mainly feed liquor separating tube 1 The pressure drop that hot device 2, capillary tube heat extractor 2 cause to the caliber sudden change and flow direction going out liquid thermal-collecting tube 3, as a kind of concrete In embodiment, ξ can be taken as 1.

Further, from formula (8), the outlet temperature for the thermal-arrest liquid of multistage heat collector is strong with solar radiation Degree, heat collector area, heat extractor area, leak the hot coefficient of heat transfer, ambient temperature, thermal-arrest specific heat of liquid and flow and have relation.Therefore When given thermal-arrest class of liquids, it is believed that the specific heat of thermal-arrest liquid is constant；In given intensity of solar radiation Under under situation, the going out liquid temp and ambient temperature, flow, go out the area of liquid heat collector 3, the face of capillary tube heat extractor 2 of heat collector Amass, leak the relating to parameters such as the hot coefficient of heat transfer, it may be assumed that

$T_{out\_i}=T_{in\_i}+{\mathrm{\ΔT}}_n=T_{in\_i}+\frac{I-{\mathrm{hA}}_{h\_n}(T_n-T_a)}{cm}=f(h,A_{h\_n},A_n,m,T_a)---\left(11\right)$

And it is relevant with wind speed to leak hot coefficient, it may be assumed that

T_{out_i}=f (v, A_{h_n},A_n,m,T_a) (12)

And the energy utilization efficiency of heat collector, its except with the caloric receptivity of thermal-arrest liquid mutually outside the Pass, also with pumping thermal-arrest The pump merit of liquid is relevant.Specifically: heat collector net efficiency=(heat collecting liquid body temperature liter-pump merit)/solar radiation energy.And pump merit Then flow and flow process with thermal-arrest liquid have relation.It is to say, want to obtain the net energy utilization ratio of higher heat collector, On the premise of the confession liquid temp meeting thermal-arrest liquid and flow, to reasonably plan the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid, and by the greatest extent Amount reduces the pressure drop of thermal-arrest liquid and reduces pump merit.

Therefore, under the conditions of different solar radiations, capillary can be adjusted by adjusting the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 The area of tube heat sucker 2 and by the area of heat collector and flow adjust heat collector go out liquid temp and net energy utilizes Efficiency.As the mode of operation of heat collector can include following three kinds of target operational mode:

1) maximum temperaturerise under given flow, this pattern is applicable to the situation requiring the heat-collecting temperature of heat collector.

2) being made the maximum stream flow under liquid temp, this pattern is applicable to the situation requiring the heat-collecting capacity of heat collector.

3) giving the minimum pump merit under fixed temperature, flow, this pattern is applicable to requirement thermal-arresting energy-saving and runs, from wasted work minimum Situation.

With reference to Fig. 1, for more clearly expressing the path of thermal-arrest liquid, represent as matrix A={ a (i, j) } can be passed through The on off state of each electrically operated valve 5.Wherein (i, j) represents the coordinate of electrically operated valve 5, and wherein, i represents along thermal-arrest liquid The columns of flow direction, j represents the line number along thermal-arrest liquid flow direction.As, represent during j=1 that this electrically operated valve 5 is feed liquor Represent that this electrically operated valve 5 is the electrically operated valve 5 on liquid collector tube 3 during electrically operated valve 5, j=2 on separating tube 1.A (i, j) Value denotation coordination is (i, the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 j)；As may is that, as a, (i, when j)=1, represents that electrically operated valve 5 is Opening, and (i, when j)=0, then it represents that electrically operated valve 5 is closed mode as a.Each electrically operated valve of the most whole heat collector The on off state of 5, can be expressed as (0,1) matrix of n × 2, and (i, value j) describes whole i.e. can to pass through each a The flow process of the thermal-arrest liquid of heat collector.

The concrete optimized algorithm that the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 is controlled by control portion may be summarized to be:

First it is the setting of object function: according to user's request or based on research and/or the analysis of practice, set some Individual alternative object function, as alternative object function can include following three kinds of functions:

I) maximum temperaturerise under the index that object function draws is given flow, it may be assumed that

When m=constant, f₁=max (Δ T)；Wherein Δ T represents the maximum temperature rise of thermal-arrest liquid；

Ii) index that object function draws is to the maximum stream flow made under liquid temp, it may be assumed that

As thermal-arrest liquid discharge liquid temp T_outDuring=constant, f₂=max (m)；

Iii) index that object function draws is to the minimum pump merit making under liquid temp, it may be assumed that

When going out liquid temp T_outDuring with thermal-arrest fluid flow m=constant, f₃=min (P_pump)。

Due to desalinization circulation sea water heating temperature be set, i.e. thermal-arrest liquid heat-collecting temperature it has been determined that Above-mentioned object function iii) corresponding collection heat pattern is i.e. applicable to the present invention, will be applied to the desalination to sea water by heat collector.

Remote control can select any of which in above-mentioned object function as under current collection heat pattern Object function, the collection heat pattern of the most corresponding a certain emphasis (particular requirement under applicable situation) of this object function.In one In possible embodiment, the process being optimized this collection heat pattern may include that

Initialization step: the n of stochastic generation M the flow process meeting the above-mentioned thermal-arrest liquid that can be used for describing whole heat collector The matrix of × 2, the value of element a [i, j] the most therein randomly selects between zero and one, rejects in above-mentioned M matrix and does not has physics The matrix of meaning, as not having the matrix of physical significance at least to include:

A) cause the matrix of the flow process open circuit of thermal-arrest liquid, i.e. need to ensure when a (i, 1) and a (i, 2) can not be 0 simultaneously.

With further reference to figure, whenTime, due in upper and in lower two electrically operated valves 5 be simultaneously in Closed mode, can cause the thermal-arrest liquid open circuit in heat collector, i.e. can not realize most basic heat collector entrance and flow into, exports stream The path gone out, belongs to invalid flow process, it is therefore desirable to rejected before path is optimized calculating.

B) the high-temperature level collector area matrix less than low-temperature level area, the heat collector surface of the flow process of i.e. every grade thermal-arrest liquid are rejected The collector area of long-pending≤rear stage, and the collector area of >=previous stage.

With further reference to figure, whenTime, the most all electrically operated valves 5 are open mode, and flow process is also Connection；WhenTime, for thtee-stage shiplock thermal-arrest；

WhenTime, form two-stage thermal-arrest, the most rudimentary is a flow process thermal-arrest, and two grades is two flow process collection Heat, two grades of collector areas, more than one-level collector area, meet the requirements；

And work asTime, it is similarly formed two-stage thermal-arrest, the most rudimentary is two flow process thermal-arrests, and two grades is one Flow process thermal-arrest, two grades of collector areas are less than one-level collector area, undesirable, should give rejecting.The reason rejected is: when low Time the temperature of level thermal-arrest is sufficiently high, the leaking heat >=solar radiation quantity of senior thermal-arrest, then the thermal-arrest temperature of heat collector can be caused Degree will not continue to raise, and the thermal-arrest of heat collector is not contributed by the collector area of the most senior thermal-arrest, it is therefore desirable to entering path Row is rejected before optimizing calculating.

Calculate the target function value that M1 after rejecting, to have physical significance matrix is corresponding, obtain stage optimal value. Using matrix A corresponding for this stage optimal value as the initial value of objective matrix B；That is: select there is M1 matrix of physical significance That matrix that the target function value of middle correspondence is optimum, as the initial value of objective matrix B；

Optimization step: according to the rule set, above-mentioned objective matrix B is optimized, meets stopping of setting in optimization process Only during condition, i.e. obtain the target function value under this collection heat pattern.Corresponding thermal-arrest liquid path is obtained according to target function value, It is the thermal-arrest liquid path after optimization.Control device and combine the open and-shut mode of current electrically operated valve 5, electronic to each Valve 5 sends instruction, and the path of thermal-arrest liquid is adjusted to the path of thermal-arrest liquid corresponding to this target function value.

As a kind of simple example may is that user at remote control end by the target operation mould of current heat collector Formula is set as that the index drawn by object function is the collection heat pattern corresponding to " maximum temperaturerise under given flow ", then control dress Put and each electrically operated valve 5 sent the individual control instruction corresponding as the matrix A of initial value of M1:

Such as above-mentioned M1=1, the path of the thermal-arrest liquid of the heat collector that the control instruction corresponding to matrix A is formed is " multistage Series connection ", as being open mode for (2,5) in five electrically operated valves in Fig. 1, remaining is closed mode, and this is initial value pair The stage optimal value answered, i.e. as the initial value of objective matrix B [n, 2].According to this stage optimal value, test, calculate also The import and export temperature difference of record heat collector.

The process being optimized above-mentioned stage optimal value can be, control device according to set rule (as empirical value, Random data exchange etc.) adjust the element value in matrix A, as being adjusted in the path for thermal-arrest liquid, " most end two-stage is string Connection ", as being closed mode for (1,5) (bottom right, upper left) in 5 electrically operated valves in Fig. 1, remaining is open mode, is formed Be string the two-stage flow process that combines, the first time that stage optimal value is i.e. carried out by this optimizes.According to this first time optimal value.Root According to this first time optimal value, test, calculate and record the temperature difference of the import and export of heat collector.

The path of two kinds of thermal-arrest liquid that contrast perfecting by stage value is corresponding with optimal value for the first time is at heat collector import and export The temperature difference, if the first (" plural serial stage ") imports and exports the temperature difference more than the second, then control device and resend instruction, with " plural serial stage ", as current thermal-arrest liquid flow, does not the most replace the value of objective matrix B [n, 2], and the rule according to setting is entered Traveling one-step optimization；If the first temperature difference is less than the second, then need to change flow process, by thermal-arrest corresponding for first time optimal value The path of liquid is as current thermal-arrest liquid flow, i.e. after the initial value of objective matrix B [n, 2] replaces with change flow process Value, the rule according to setting optimizes further；Until meeting the condition (such as iteration or exchange times) set, will be After the thermal-arrest liquid flow corresponding to optimal value once as the optimal value under this collection heat pattern, calculate under this optimal value state The import and export temperature difference of thermal-arrest liquid of heat collector be maximum temperaturerise (outlet temperature-inlet temperature), and obtain objective matrix The flow process of the thermal-arrest liquid that B [n, 2] is corresponding.

Certainly, in order to shorten optimized computing cost and improve optimum level, it is also possible to carry out according to the actual requirements Programming or introduce existing other for carrying out the ripe algorithm of optimization selection.As still with previous example, incite somebody to action current The target operational mode of heat collector be set as that the index drawn by object function is that " maximum temperaturerise under given flow " institute is right The pattern answered, inventor, according to actual demand, has carried out a kind of concrete programming to this optimization process, and logic diagram is specifically joined According to Fig. 5, the detailed process being optimized the path of thermal-arrest liquid by the algorithm of this programming can be:

501) calculate M1 target function value corresponding to each matrix, select the optimum as the stage of target function value optimum Value；Extract matrix A corresponding to this stage optimal value and be stored in objective matrix B [n, 2], as at the beginning of objective matrix B [n, 2] Initial value.

502) in M1 matrix, select matrix selection matrix A1 and A2 with the probability set and carry out calculated crosswise, again give birth to Become two new matrix A 1 ' and A2 '.The mode of calculated crosswise is as follows: 1. stochastic generation integer C between 1 and n；2. by matrix A 1 It is interchangeable with the numerical value of (i > C) in the element a1 [i, j] in A2 and a2 [i, j]；3. there is no physics after rejecting matrix switch The matrix of meaning, replaces matrix B [n, the 2] cover not having physical significance simultaneously；Generate the matrix colony after intersecting.

Wherein, the most selected probability for calculated crosswise of certain matrix in matrix colony is corresponding with this matrix The value of calculation of object function is correlated with, it may be assumed that when the function that object function is the maximizing computing described in the present embodiment, then square Target function value corresponding to matrix in battle array colony is the biggest, and the most selected probability for intersecting is the biggest；Correspondingly, target is worked as When function is to minimize the function of computing, then the target function value that the matrix in matrix colony is corresponding is the least, the most selected use The least in the probability intersected.

503) the matrix colony after intersection obtained above carrying out variation to calculate, the mode that variation calculates is as follows: 1. 1 And stochastic generation integer D between n；2. with certain probability, determine whether the matrix individuality in above-mentioned matrix colony participates in variation Calculate.Herein, single matrix participates in the probability completely random of variation, unrelated with remaining condition any；If 3. some matrix A Take part in variation to calculate, then the numerical value that a [i, j] (i=D) is corresponding is carried out logic and overturn, it may be assumed that if 1, then become 0；If It is 0, is then entered as 1；4. there is no the matrix of physical significance after rejecting matrix variation；Still the matrix not having physical significance is used B [n, 2] cover replaces；Generate the matrix colony after variation.

504), after carrying out above-mentioned variation, intersection, the initial value of optimum for a desired value matrix with B [n, 2] is compared, If the target function value of correspondence is better than initial value, then substitutes initial value by stage optimal value, if initial value is more excellent, then continue Retain initial value, i.e. obtain stage optimal value, the matrix group body after variation is repeated aforementioned intersection and mutation operator, to rank Section optimal value optimizes further.

505) time until reaching other stop conditions of iterations or the setting set, at M1 the matrix obtained In, according to the target function value of its correspondence, the one group optimal value as objective matrix B [n, 2] optimum using target function value.

506) regulation controls the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 so that the flow path of thermal-arrest liquid is according to target Path determined by the optimal value of matrix B [n, 2], for optimal path.

According to actual needs, entered the flow of thermal-arrest liquid of heat collector by regulation, each by control in heat collector The opening and closing of individual electrically operated valve 5 regulates the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid, combining environmental temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, heat collector size etc. Influence factor, for different application scenarios, can realize different going out liquid temp in the downstream going out liquid collector tube 3.As During summer, liquid temp to more than 100 DEG C will be gone out, then by driving absorption refrigeration or organic Rankine cycle power generation system real Now to the heat energy utilization freezing or generate electricity collected, improve the conversion ratio of heat energy collected by heat collector.

The step that the heat collecting liquid body controlling means using the present invention realizes the desalinization in circulating desalinization is concrete For: after start, control portion (such as includes the size of heat collector, the size of capillary endothermic tube 2, CPC4 according to the parameter of heat collector Size etc.) and service data (such as ambient temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, thermal-arrest liquid out temperature, pressure drop and flow etc.), The object function of current collection heat pattern is optimized, when object function optimal value when, each electrodynamic valve of its correspondence Determined by the on off state of door 5, the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid is theoretic optimal flow process.Thermal-arrest liquid is through optimal flow process stream After going out heat collector, flow into and be located at the heat exchanger 14 within vaporizer 13, be sprayed to the sea water on heat exchanger 14 surface by heating It is made to evaporate to realize desalination.Thermal-arrest liquid and sea water carry out heat exchange by dividing wall type heat exchanger, heat exchange and not mixing.This The main points that invention comprises specifically include that

1) by with capillary tube heat extractor 2 as heat absorbing member, instead of heat pipe or conventional endothermic tube, processing is simple, low cost Honest and clean, and as a kind of preferred, the external diameter≤4mm (preferably 1～4mm, more preferably 2～4mm) of capillary tube heat extractor 2, and By using CPC4 as beam condensing unit and preferred as one, the intercepting of CPC4 is 0～4/5 than scope, it is possible to use 3D prints Etc. processing technique molding, effectively increase the endothermic heat flow density of capillary tube heat extractor 2, decrease area of dissipation, CPC can be made Size (height less than or equal to 50mm) suitable with conventional panel heat collector and vacuum tube collector, and there is conventional heat collector 2 ～the focusing ratio of 5 times even as high as 10 times；And according to practical situation and demand, can with single capillary heat extractor 2 right The heat collection unit answered is as a basic heat absorbing units, it is also possible to utilize two grades of liquor separators by with capillary tube heat extractor 2 the most also Connection is as a basic heat absorbing units；And whole heat collector is connected by metal tubes, therefore there is certain pressure-bearing energy Power, has frost-cracking-preventing ability simultaneously in the winter time.

2) thermal-arrest liquid (can be aforesaid liquid or gaseous medium) is adjusted by the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 Flow path, and the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 can be by control portion according to design temperature, ambient temperature, wind speed, the sun The parameters such as radiant intensity, thermal-arrest fluid flow and/or turnover flow pressure drop determine so that the current complete machine under collection thermal environment Collecting efficiency can farthest cater to the demand of application scenario.According to different needs, by adjusting electrically operated valve 5 On off state regulates the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid entering heat collector, it is also possible to by the aperture of flow control valve 9 adjust into Enter the flow of the thermal-arrest liquid of heat collector such that it is able to realize the sea water to different sea water heating temperature requirements to the full extent Desalination.

Being explained embodiments of the invention above in association with accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing herein is used to provide this Being further appreciated by of invention.Obviously, the foregoing is only the present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention Be not limited thereto, any be to one skilled in the art can readily occur in, essentially without depart from the present invention Change or replacement, within being also all contained in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a sea water desalinating unit, it is characterised in that this sea water desalinating unit includes:

Desalinization circulates, and it includes vaporizer and the condenser connected by jet chimney；

Wherein, Recuperative heat exchanger and heat exchanger it are equipped with respectively in described vaporizer and condenser；

Wherein, the water side of described Recuperative heat exchanger stretches to described heat exchanger；

And solar thermal collector, it includes housing and the thermal-arrest portion being placed in described housing；

Wherein, described thermal-arrest portion include feed liquor separating tube, go out liquid collector tube and be placed in therebetween, collection that several are arranged side by side Hot cell；

Wherein, each described heat collection unit includes compound parabolic concentrator and is placed on described compound parabolic concentrator across column Capillary tube heat extractor, thermal-arrest liquid in described capillary tube heat extractor absorbs too can by what described compound parabolic concentrator reflected Radiation energy；

Described thermal-arrest liquid described feed liquor separating tube, described in go out liquid collector tube and at least some of described capillary tube heat extractor it Between formed flow path, described heat exchanger make described flow path formed closed loop；And on the premise of there is physical significance, it is possible to The number of the described capillary tube heat extractor of described flow path is accessed by adjustable mode.

Sea water desalinating unit the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described feed liquor separating tube and described go out liquid liquid collecting Several electrically operated valves are distributed on pipe, by adjusting the on off state of each described electrically operated valve, are in the electronic of open state Valve enable to thermal-arrest liquid described feed liquor separating tube, described in go out between liquid collector tube and described capillary tube heat extractor formed The flow path of capillary tube heat extractor adjustable, multistage heat absorption；

Wherein, the direction that the heat absorption progression that the direction swimming over to downstream on feed liquor separating tube is capillary tube heat extractor is incremented by, then level The capillary tube heat extractor of the endotherm area of the capillary tube heat extractor of the higher high-temperature level of number >=the be in relatively low low-temperature level of progression Endotherm area.

Sea water desalinating unit the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also include control portion, itself and each electrodynamic valve Door is electrical connection, for adjusting the on off state of each described electrically operated valve；

And for adjust the flow path that the on off state of each described electrically operated valve is formed through described control portion, in capillary On the direction that the heat absorption progression of tube heat sucker is incremented by, when total heat absorption progression of capillary tube heat extractor is odd number, be located at described in enter The electrically operated valve of the most downstream on liquid separating tube should be closed, be located at described in go out the electrically operated valve of most downstream on liquid collector tube should When opening；When the heat absorption progression of capillary tube heat extractor is even number, otherwise.

Sea water desalinating unit the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that be additionally provided with regulation stream on described feed liquor separating tube Control valve, the aperture adjusting described regulation flow control valve by described control portion, adjust thermal-arrest liquid in described flowing Flow in path.

Sea water desalinating unit the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also include sensor group, comprising:

First sensor group, it is located at the upstream of described feed liquor separating tube, joins in the feature of import department for detecting thermal-arrest liquid Number；

Second sensor group, its be located at described in go out the downstream of liquid collector tube, for detecting the thermal-arrest liquid feature ginseng in exit Number；

3rd sensor group, it is located in the environment residing for described solar thermal collector, is used for detecting ambient parameter；And

Desalinization temperature sensor, it is located at the water side of the Recuperative heat exchanger that described desalinization circulates, is used for detecting sea The heating temperature of water；

Above-mentioned (first, second, third) sensor group and described desalinization temperature sensor are electric with described control portion respectively Connect, for providing the basic parameter of the on off state for adjusting each described electrically operated valve to described control portion.

6. according to the sea water desalinating unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that with described capillary heat extractor Axial direction be length direction, described compound parabolic concentrator is fitted in the size of this length direction mutually with described capillary heat extractor Should, and the intercepting ratio of described compound parabolic concentrator is in the range of 0～4/5.

7. according to the sea water desalinating unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that described capillary tube heat extractor It is placed in along its length on the focal circle of described compound parabolic concentrator, and the caliber≤4mm of described capillary tube heat extractor.

8. according to the sea water desalinating unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that by described two-way and more than Described capillary tube heat extractor parallel connection formed capillary tube group, the both sides of described capillary tube group respectively by two grades of liquor separators with described Feed liquor separating tube with described go out liquid collector tube connect.

9. the flow control method of a thermal-arrest liquid, it is characterised in that this flow control method includes:

Control portion gathers parameter and the service data of solar thermal collector, also gathers the heating temperature of sea water；

Control portion is based on described parameter, described service data and described leaving air temp, to selected current desalinization pattern The object function of the solar thermal collector of lower correspondence is optimized；

Control portion obtains the feed liquor separating tube being located at solar thermal collector corresponding when object function is optimal value and goes out liquid liquid collecting The target switch state of each electrically operated valve on pipe；

Wherein, described optimal value is to pump merit minimum under fixed temperature and flow；

The on off state of electrically operated valve is adjusted to target switch state by control portion so that the thermal-arrest liquid of solar thermal collector exists Being formed between feed liquor separating tube, the heat exchanger gone out in the vaporizer that liquid collector tube, capillary tube heat extractor and desalinization circulate can The flow path adjusted.

Flow control method the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that this flow control method also includes:

Heating temperature that control portion shows described sea water and the information drawn according to parameter and service data, including:

Liquid in-out temperature, flow and the pressure reduction of thermal-arrest liquid；Current ambient parameter；And each described electrically operated valve is current On off state；

The parameter of storage sea water desalinating unit and service data, recall for follow-up.