CN105814339B - 传动装置轴的组合式滚动和滑动支承装置 - Google Patents
传动装置轴的组合式滚动和滑动支承装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C21/00—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/50—Bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/50—Bearings
- F05B2240/54—Radial bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
- F16C19/541—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
- F16C19/542—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two rolling bearings with angular contact
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
- F16C2360/31—Wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
- F16C2361/61—Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
- F16H2057/0216—Intermediate shaft supports, e.g. by using a partition wall
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
- Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
- Gear Transmission (AREA)
- Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
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- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
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- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种尤其是设置用于风力发电机组的传动装置轴,其借助固定轴承和至少一个浮动轴承支承,该传动装置轴具有至少一个在轴向方向上布置在固定轴承与浮动轴承之间的、固定在传动装置轴上的齿轮(5),其中,固定轴承通过至少一个滚动轴承形成。根据本发明,浮动轴承通过至少一个滑动轴承形成。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种传动装置轴的支承装置,特别是风力发电机组传动装置轴的支承装置。
背景技术
为了支承风力发电机组的传动装置的圆柱齿轮级的轴,常见的是固定-浮动支承装置。固定轴承以及浮动轴承在此形成了滚动轴承。用于承受径向和轴向力的固定轴承在此由成对调节好的圆锥滚子轴承构成。它们可以是预紧的,以避免发生打滑以及产生黑点。作为浮动轴承,通常采用圆柱滚子轴承。其在无预负载的情况下运行。因此,特别是圆柱滚子轴承容易受到损害。
更稳固地抵抗损害地对轴进行支承的可能性是滑动轴承。因此,公知有风力发电设备传动装置的如下解决方案,其中,圆柱齿轮级的全部轴完全受到滑动支承。在此也采用滑动轴承作为固定轴承。然而,既可以在径向也可以在轴向方向上承受力的滑动轴承是非常昂贵的。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于,传动装置轴的支承装置设计成避免由现有技术公知的方案的缺陷。
本发明的思想在于,在一个唯一的轴上将滚动轴承与滑动轴承组合。滚动轴承以及滑动轴承分别具有各自的优点和缺点。在把滚动轴承和滑动轴承相结合时因此通常还实现了缺点的结合。然而,通过本发明实现了一种支承装置,其中,不出现各个轴承类型的缺陷。取而代之的是,根据本发明的传动装置轴的支承装置一方面明显受益于滚动轴承的优势,而另一方面明显受益于滑动轴承的优势。
根据本发明的传动装置轴通过固定轴承和至少一个浮动轴承来支承。固定轴承可以在正方向以及在负方向上承受径向力和轴向力。因而,在固定轴承中限制了轴的总的平移自由度。
浮动轴承只能承受正方向以及负方向上的径向力。也就是说,浮动轴承在正好一个方向上限制了轴的平移自由度。与固定轴承一起,浮动轴承还沿着其转动轴线固定了轴,也就是说,浮动轴承限制了相对于轴的转动轴线正交地延伸的轴旋转自由度。
在轴向方向上在固定轴承和浮动轴承之间布置有至少一个固定在传动装置轴上的齿轮。齿轮与传动装置轴刚性连接。齿轮的转动轴线因此与传动装置轴的转动轴线一致。齿轮优选是斜齿齿轮。把齿轮在轴向方向上布置在固定轴承和浮动轴承之间意味着,齿轮位于固定轴承和浮动轴承之间的间隙中。特别地,齿轮在轴的转动轴线上的正交投影全部处在浮动轴承在轴的转动轴线上的正交投影与固定轴承在轴的转动轴线上的正交投影之间。
固定轴承通过至少一个滚动轴承形成。优选地,固定轴承仅由滚动轴承,特别是由正好两个滚动轴承构成。
根据本发明,浮动轴承通过至少一个滑动轴承形成,优选通过正好一个滑动轴承形成。
在本发明优选的扩展方案中,固定轴承实施为调节好的支承装置。调节好的支承装置包括两个轴承,它们可以分别在至少一个轴向方向上承受力。轴向力承受部的两个方向在此彼此相反地延伸,即,离开彼此或者朝向彼此地延伸。优选地,两个轴承彼此镜面对称地布置。为了调整出期望的轴承游隙或者预紧,两个轴承中的一个轴承的轴承圈(内圈或者外圈)被推到轴承座上并且随后被固定。优选使用两个圆锥滚子轴承。它们可以彼此处于O形布置,但优选处于X形布置。
根据本发明的传动装置轴特别适用于风力发电机组的传动装置的圆柱齿轮级。在此,根据本发明的传动装置轴被用作中间轴。中间轴理解成每一种不是输入轴或者说驱动轴或者不是输出轴或者说从动轴的轴。
此外,可以把根据本发明的传动装置轴用作输入轴或者说驱动轴,和/或用作输出轴或者说从动轴。特别是,用作输入轴或者说驱动轴和/或用作输出轴或者说从动轴与用作中间轴相结合也是可行的。
附图说明
本发明的实施例在下面通过图1阐明。
其中:
图1详细示出滚动支承且滑动支承的中间轴。
具体实施方式
在图1的图示的右侧,中间轴1利用固定轴承支承。固定轴承由第一圆锥滚子轴承2和第二圆锥滚子轴承3构成。
在图的左侧,中间轴1借助浮动轴承支承,其通过滑动轴承4形成。另外,中间轴1具有齿轮5。另一在图1中未示出的齿轮在轴座6上借助键槽7来固定。在轴向方向上,各个元件按如下方式布置在中间轴1上(即在图1中从左至右):
滑动轴承4、轴座6、齿轮5、第一圆锥滚子轴承2和第二圆锥滚子轴承3。
在轴向方向上,第一圆锥滚子轴承2和第二圆锥滚子轴承3固定在传动装置壳体9中的凸起8与拧在传动装置壳体9上的轴承盖10之间。在图1中示出的是带有游隙的固定。作为替代,没有游隙的固定,即带有预紧的固定也是可行的。
图1示出了固定滑动轴承4的两种替代的措施。如图1的上部分所示,传动装置壳体9可以具有圆形地围绕中间轴1的转动轴线延伸的槽11。滑动轴承4在该情况下具有在沿周向的外面上延伸的***部或者在沿周向的外面上延伸的边缘12,其与槽11形成嵌合。
如图1的下部区域所示,作为替代,滑动轴承4借助径向取向的圆形地围绕中间轴的转动轴线延伸的凸缘来固定,该凸缘是滑动轴承4的一部分。凸缘13与传动装置壳体9螺接。
附图标记列表
1 中间轴
2 第一圆锥滚子轴承
3 第二圆锥滚子轴承
4 滑动轴承
5 齿轮
6 轴座
7 键槽
8 凸起
9 传动装置壳体
10 轴承盖
11 槽
12 边缘
13 凸缘
Claims (6)
1.传动装置轴,所述传动装置轴借助固定轴承和至少一个浮动轴承支承,所述传动装置轴具有至少一个在轴向方向上布置在所述固定轴承与所述浮动轴承之间的、固定在所述传动装置轴上的齿轮(5),其中,所述固定轴承通过至少一个滚动轴承形成,其特征在于,所述浮动轴承通过至少一个滑动轴承形成,其中,
所述滑动轴承具有在沿周向的外面上延伸的***部,所述***部与传动装置壳体(9)的圆形地围绕所述传动装置轴的转动轴线延伸的槽(11)形成嵌合,以便固定所述滑动轴承,或者
所述滑动轴承借助径向取向的圆形地围绕所述传动装置轴的转动轴线延伸的凸缘(13)来固定,所述凸缘是所述滑动轴承的一部分并与传动装置壳体(9)螺接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传动装置轴,其特征在于,所述固定轴承实施为调节好的支承装置。
3.用于带有至少一个圆柱齿轮级的风力发电机组的传动装置,其中,所述圆柱齿轮级具有至少一个根据权利要求1或2所述的传动装置轴。
4.根据权利要求3所述的传动装置,其特征在于,所述圆柱齿轮级具有至少一个中间轴,所述中间轴构造为根据权利要求1或2所述的传动装置轴。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的传动装置,其特征在于,所述圆柱齿轮级具有输入轴,所述输入轴构造为根据权利要求1或2所述的传动装置轴。
6.根据权利要求3或4所述的传动装置,其特征在于,所述圆柱齿轮级具有输出轴,所述输出轴构造为根据权利要求1或2所述的传动装置轴。
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DE102013226527.1 | 2013-12-18 | ||
DE102013226527.1A DE102013226527A1 (de) | 2013-12-18 | 2013-12-18 | Kombinierte Wälz- und Gleitlagerung einer Getriebewelle |
PCT/EP2014/074837 WO2015090791A1 (de) | 2013-12-18 | 2014-11-18 | Kombinierte wälz- und gleitlagerung einer getriebewelle |
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EP2921728A1 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-09-23 | Areva Wind GmbH | Hybrid shaft bearing with a hydrodynamic bearing and a rolling bearing, wind generator comprising a hybrid shaft bearing, use of the hybrid shaft bearing and method of operating the hybrid shaft bearing |
CN109268222B (zh) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-05-26 | 三一重能有限公司 | 风力发电机组及其轴承组件 |
CN114307896B (zh) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-10-03 | 安徽省谱诺药化设备有限公司 | 一种具有双轴承搅拌结构的不锈钢反应釜 |
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- 2014-11-18 JP JP2016533715A patent/JP2016540940A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2014-11-18 EP EP14799164.0A patent/EP3084267B1/de active Active
- 2014-11-18 US US15/100,789 patent/US10927941B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-18 ES ES14799164.0T patent/ES2693377T3/es active Active
- 2014-11-18 CN CN201480067945.3A patent/CN105814339B/zh active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2015090791A1 (de) | 2015-06-25 |
EP3084267B1 (de) | 2018-08-15 |
ES2693377T3 (es) | 2018-12-11 |
JP2016540940A (ja) | 2016-12-28 |
US20160298753A1 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
EP3084267A1 (de) | 2016-10-26 |
US10927941B2 (en) | 2021-02-23 |
DE102013226527A1 (de) | 2015-06-18 |
CN105814339A (zh) | 2016-07-27 |
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