CN105766289A - Efficient three-dimensional cultivation method for oil-use peonies - Google Patents
Efficient three-dimensional cultivation method for oil-use peonies Download PDFInfo
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- CN105766289A CN105766289A CN201610133274.7A CN201610133274A CN105766289A CN 105766289 A CN105766289 A CN 105766289A CN 201610133274 A CN201610133274 A CN 201610133274A CN 105766289 A CN105766289 A CN 105766289A
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- 241000736199 Paeonia Species 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 240000005001 Paeonia suffruticosa Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000003889 Paeonia suffruticosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 241000243684 Lumbricus Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000004879 dioscorea Nutrition 0.000 abstract 7
- 244000281702 Dioscorea villosa Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 32
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 32
- 238000009368 vermiculture Methods 0.000 description 6
- 206010058314 Dysplasia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000004859 Gamochaeta purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an efficient three-dimensional cultivation method for oil-use peonies.According to the main technology, the oil-use peonies and yams are subjected to rotation and interplanting; based on the rule of one high-yield year and one low-yield year of the oil-use peonies, yams are planted in the low-yield year of the oil-use peonies, and in the high-yield year of the oil-use peonies, deep ditches where yams are harvested are filled with residual yam leaves and human and animal excreta for earthworm breeding.By the adoption of the method, yam frames can be utilized for forming tools for shading under the burning sun in summer in the year with a relatively low yield of the oil-use peonies, so that the resting period of the oil-use peonies is shortened to increase the yield; due to the fact that earthworms are bred in the year with a relatively high yield of the oil-use peonies, on the one hand, a soil improvement can be achieved for planting of yams next year to increase the yield of the yams, and on the other hand, the earthworms go into nearby soil where the oil-use peonies are planted, thus, the soil can be loosened with multiple holes, ventilation and permeation can be achieved, soil moisture can be preserved, the soil is fertile, growth of the root systems of the oil-use peonies can be promoted, and the yield of peony seeds can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil Paeonia suffruticosa composite cultivation field, particularly relate to a kind of oil highly effective stereo cultivating method of Paeonia suffruticosa.
Background technology
Oil is a kind of emerging woody oleiferous plants crop with Paeonia suffruticosa, possesses the feature of prominent " three high and one low ": (within 5 years, raw per mu yield is up to 300 kilograms in high production, mu comprehensive benefit is up to ten thousand yuan), high oil content (seed oil content 22%), high-quality (unsaturated fatty acid content 92%), (oil with the drought-enduring impoverishment tolerant of Paeonia suffruticosa, is suitable for green barren hill afforestation, underwood planting to low cost；Within 1 year, kind a century is received, and cost is low).
Oil is warm with the cool fear of Paeonia suffruticosa happiness, like dry evil wets, is exposed to the sun weak to burning sun in summer, it is everlasting when planting in south and the 7-8 month enters rest period, affect seed of Flos Moutan yield, and there is " biennial bearing " phenomenon with Paeonia suffruticosa in oil, therefore the method adopting interplanting alleviates " biennial bearing " phenomenon, and the comprehensive utilization ratio improving soil liquid manure resource becomes the research direction of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, it is provided that one can alleviate oil Paeonia suffruticosa " biennial bearing " phenomenon, significantly improves seed of Flos Moutan yield, improve the cultural method of per mu yield economic benefit, and the present invention provides techniques below scheme:
A kind of oil highly effective stereo cultivating method of Paeonia suffruticosa, comprises the following steps:
Paeonia suffruticosa used by S1, oil of planting by distance between rows and hills 40cm*40cm, and two row oil of often planting vacate 70cm soil with Paeonia suffruticosa；
S2, oil Paeonia suffruticosa field is carried out Routine Management, fuel-displaced with " biennial bearing " of Paeonia suffruticosa by seed of Flos Moutan yield identification；
S3, whenever " off year ", 70cm vacant lot carries out yam planting, carries out seedling then 3-4 month and plant, and it is climing to adopt support to hold up, the 10-11 month gathers, and retains and gather irrigation canals and ditches, the stem of residual, leaf after winning Rhizoma Dioscoreae rhizome is inserted in irrigation canals and ditches；When the entrance 7-8 month hot and humid phase, Rhizoma Dioscoreae tendril and support can be that Paeonia suffruticosa sunshade used by oil, it is provided that cover, be conducive to alleviating the adverse effect that seed of Flos Moutan yield is produced by summer environment factor；Meanwhile, yam planting can also improve per mu yield economic benefit.
S4, whenever " good year ", 2-3 month then, irrigation canals and ditches of gathering are inserted the mixture of human and animal excreta, bean dregs and soil, and put into Lumbricus seedling, within hereafter every 3-4 month, once lure centralized procurement to receive.Owing to Rhizoma Dioscoreae continuous cropping diseases is serious, yield poorly, therefore the mode of crop rotation is adopted, the Rhizoma Dioscoreae remained gathers ditch for vermiculture, breeding earthworm can be on the one hand the transformation that the yam planting of next year carry out soil, improves Rhizoma Dioscoreae yield, on the other hand Lumbricus pierce near plant the oil soil of Paeonia suffruticosa, can make loosing soil porous, venting and water permeable, soil moisture conservation is fertile and can promote oil Paeonia suffruticosa root growth, improves seed of Flos Moutan yield；Meanwhile, Lumbricus has positive role for the suppression of soil-borne disease, advantageously reduces oil Paeonia suffruticosa soil-borne disease incidence rate, and the Lumbricus gathered also can as the method increasing income.
Further, step S3 comprises the following steps:
S31,3-4 month, digging ditch at center, vacant lot, furrow width is 20-30cm, is 80-100cm deeply；The soil layering that Rhizoma Dioscoreae ditch is dug is smashed to pieces, picks up except brick stone, then backfills, makes the ditch furrow lower than earth's surface 10cm, only stay the vegetable soil of topsoil, and during in order to plantation, earthing is used；
S32, adopt Rhizoma Dioscoreae tuber as seedling, limit trimming kind, soak 1--2min with 300 times of liquid carbendazim medicinal liquids and dry, Rhizoma Dioscoreae ditch water permeable after, seedling is longitudinally lain in ditch furrow deep for preprepared 10cm central, spacing in the rows 30-50cm；Then earthing 5cm, applies fertilizer at the 20cm place, both sides of Rhizoma Dioscoreae；
S33, Rhizoma Dioscoreae adopt support to hold up climing after emerging, and select the little bar of 150-180cm to make support；
S34, carry out the watering, apply fertilizer of routine, middle weeding, prevent and treat disease pest work；
S35,10-11 month, carrying out Rhizoma Dioscoreae gather and retain irrigation canals and ditches of gathering, insert in irrigation canals and ditches by the stem of residual, leaf after winning Rhizoma Dioscoreae rhizome, Rhizoma Dioscoreae gathers ditch as vermiculture base, Rhizoma Dioscoreae residual stem, also serve as vermiculture fertilizer use, improve the utilization rate of resource.
Further, the mixture inserting human and animal excreta, bean dregs and soil in irrigation canals and ditches of gathering in step S4, it specifically inserts mode is one layer of human and animal excreta and the mixture of bean dregs, one layer of soil, alternate insert, the thickness of every layer of human and animal excreta and bean dregs layer is 5-8cm, and the thickness of every layer of soil is 10-20cm.Alternate inserting can keep loosing soil, it is prevented that soil compaction causes Lumbricus dysplasia, and the yam planting for next year provides the soil that fertility is sufficient, reduces the cost of artificially applying fertilizer.
Further, in step S4 after 3-4 Lumbricus is gathered, stopping gathering and carrying out ploughing deeply subsoiling, the yam planting for next year is prepared.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
(1), Rhizoma Dioscoreae frame for oil Paeonia suffruticosa offer concealment, can shorten oil Paeonia suffruticosa rest period, improve " off year " seed of Flos Moutan yield, alleviate " biennial bearing " phenomenon in summer；
(2), oil with Paeonia suffruticosa, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Lumbricus three dimensional-breeding pattern, oil can not only be significantly improved and use Paeonia suffruticosa yield, while Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Lumbricus income also can be greatly improved per mu yield economic benefit；
(3), soil, liquid manure resource can be made full use of, substantially increase the utilization rate of resource.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of oil highly effective stereo cultivating method of Paeonia suffruticosa, comprises the following steps:
Paeonia suffruticosa used by S1, oil of planting by distance between rows and hills 40cm*40cm, and two row oil of often planting vacate 70cm soil with Paeonia suffruticosa；
S2, oil Paeonia suffruticosa field is carried out Routine Management, fuel-displaced with " biennial bearing " of Paeonia suffruticosa by seed of Flos Moutan yield identification；
S3, whenever " off year ", 70cm vacant lot carries out yam planting, carries out seedling then 3-4 month and plant, and it is climing to adopt support to hold up, the 10-11 month gathers, and retains and gather irrigation canals and ditches, the stem of residual, leaf after winning Rhizoma Dioscoreae rhizome is inserted in irrigation canals and ditches；Its concrete operation method is as follows:
S31,3-4 month, digging ditch at center, vacant lot, furrow width is 20-30cm, is 80-100cm deeply；The soil layering that Rhizoma Dioscoreae ditch is dug is smashed to pieces, picks up except brick stone, then backfills, makes the ditch furrow lower than earth's surface 10cm, only stay the vegetable soil of topsoil, and during in order to plantation, earthing is used；
S32, adopt Rhizoma Dioscoreae tuber as seedling, limit trimming kind, soak 1--2min with 300 times of liquid carbendazim medicinal liquids and dry, Rhizoma Dioscoreae ditch water permeable after, seedling is longitudinally lain in ditch furrow deep for preprepared 10cm central, spacing in the rows 30-50cm；Then earthing 5cm, applies fertilizer at the 20cm place, both sides of Rhizoma Dioscoreae；
S33, Rhizoma Dioscoreae adopt support to hold up climing after emerging, and select the little bar of 150-180cm to make support；
S34, carry out the watering, apply fertilizer of routine, middle weeding, prevent and treat disease pest work；
S35,10-11 month, carrying out Rhizoma Dioscoreae gather and retain irrigation canals and ditches of gathering, insert in irrigation canals and ditches by the stem of residual, leaf after winning Rhizoma Dioscoreae rhizome, Rhizoma Dioscoreae gathers ditch as vermiculture base, Rhizoma Dioscoreae residual stem, also serve as vermiculture fertilizer use, improve the utilization rate of resource.
When the entrance 7-8 month hot and humid phase, Rhizoma Dioscoreae tendril and support can be that Paeonia suffruticosa sunshade used by oil, it is provided that cover, be conducive to alleviating the adverse effect that seed of Flos Moutan yield is produced by summer environment factor；Meanwhile, yam planting can also improve per mu yield economic benefit.
S4, whenever " good year ", 2-3 month then, irrigation canals and ditches of gathering are inserted the mixture of human and animal excreta, bean dregs and soil, and put into Lumbricus seedling, within hereafter every 3-4 month, once lure centralized procurement to receive.Mode of specifically inserting is one layer of human and animal excreta and the mixture of bean dregs, one layer of soil, alternate inserts, and the thickness of every layer of human and animal excreta and bean dregs layer is 5-8cm, and the thickness of every layer of soil is 10-20cm.Alternate inserting can keep loosing soil, it is prevented that soil compaction causes Lumbricus dysplasia, and the yam planting for next year provides the soil that fertility is sufficient, reduces the cost of artificially applying fertilizer.
Owing to Rhizoma Dioscoreae continuous cropping diseases is serious, yield poorly, therefore the mode of crop rotation is adopted, the Rhizoma Dioscoreae remained gathers ditch for vermiculture, breeding earthworm can be on the one hand the transformation that the yam planting of next year carry out soil, improves Rhizoma Dioscoreae yield, on the other hand Lumbricus pierce near plant the oil soil of Paeonia suffruticosa, can make loosing soil porous, venting and water permeable, soil moisture conservation is fertile and can promote oil Paeonia suffruticosa root growth, improves seed of Flos Moutan yield；Meanwhile, Lumbricus has positive role for the suppression of soil-borne disease, advantageously reduces oil Paeonia suffruticosa soil-borne disease incidence rate, and the Lumbricus gathered also can as the method increasing income.
After 3-4 Lumbricus is gathered, stopping gathering and carrying out ploughing deeply subsoiling, the yam planting for next year is prepared.
Adopt common implantation methods, 5-10 oil generation Paeonia suffruticosa average yield per mu 500kg seed of Flos Moutan；And adopting the implantation methods of the present invention, 5-10 oil generation can reach 650kg with Paeonia suffruticosa average yield per mu, and average yield per mu improves about 30%；The Rhizoma Dioscoreae annual output of interplanting is about 400kg；The Lumbricus annual output of cultivation is about 250kg；Removing artificial and other administration fee use, the highly effective stereo cultivating method of the present invention is compared traditional oils Peony growing method income and is improved about 4000 yuan/mu.
With above-mentioned foundation desirable embodiment of the present invention for enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff in the scope not necessarily departing from this invention technological thought, can carry out various change and amendment completely.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in description, it is necessary to determine its technical scope according to right.
Claims (4)
1. the oil highly effective stereo cultivating method of Paeonia suffruticosa, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Paeonia suffruticosa used by S1, oil of planting by distance between rows and hills 40cm*40cm, and two row oil of often planting vacate 70cm soil with Paeonia suffruticosa；
S2, oil Paeonia suffruticosa field is carried out Routine Management, fuel-displaced with " biennial bearing " of Paeonia suffruticosa by seed of Flos Moutan yield identification；
S3, whenever " off year ", 70cm vacant lot carries out yam planting, carries out seedling then 3-4 month and plant, and it is climing to adopt support to hold up, the 10-11 month gathers, and retains and gather irrigation canals and ditches, the stem of residual, leaf after winning Rhizoma Dioscoreae rhizome is inserted in irrigation canals and ditches；
S4, whenever " good year ", 2-3 month then, irrigation canals and ditches of gathering are inserted the mixture of human and animal excreta, bean dregs and soil, and put into Lumbricus seedling, within hereafter every 3-4 month, once lure centralized procurement to receive.
2. a kind of oil highly effective stereo cultivating method of Paeonia suffruticosa as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step S3 comprises the following steps:
S31,3-4 month, digging ditch at center, vacant lot, furrow width is 20-30cm, is 80-100cm deeply；The soil layering that Rhizoma Dioscoreae ditch is dug is smashed to pieces, picks up except brick stone, then backfills, makes the ditch furrow lower than earth's surface 10cm, only stay the vegetable soil of topsoil, and during in order to plantation, earthing is used；
S32, adopt Rhizoma Dioscoreae tuber as seedling, limit trimming kind, soak 1--2min with 300 times of liquid carbendazim medicinal liquids and dry, Rhizoma Dioscoreae ditch water permeable after, seedling is longitudinally lain in ditch furrow deep for preprepared 10cm central, spacing in the rows 30-50cm；Then earthing 5cm, applies fertilizer at the 20cm place, both sides of Rhizoma Dioscoreae；
S33, Rhizoma Dioscoreae adopt support to hold up climing after emerging, and select the little bar of 150-180cm to make support；
S34, carry out the watering, apply fertilizer of routine, middle weeding, prevent and treat disease pest work；
S35,10-11 month, carry out Rhizoma Dioscoreae and gather and retain irrigation canals and ditches of gathering, the stem of residual, leaf after winning Rhizoma Dioscoreae rhizome are inserted in irrigation canals and ditches.
3. a kind of oil highly effective stereo cultivating method of Paeonia suffruticosa as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mixture inserting human and animal excreta, bean dregs and soil in irrigation canals and ditches of gathering in step S4, it specifically inserts mode is one layer of human and animal excreta and the mixture of bean dregs, one layer of soil, alternate insert, the thickness of every layer of human and animal excreta and bean dregs layer is 5-8cm, and the thickness of every layer of soil is 10-20cm.
4. a kind of oil highly effective stereo cultivating method of Paeonia suffruticosa as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S4 after 3-4 Lumbricus is gathered, stop gathering and carrying out ploughing deeply subsoiling.
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| CN201610133274.7A CN105766289B (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2016-03-09 | A kind of oil highly effective stereo cultivating method of tree peony |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN106233983A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-12-21 | 会同县恒生源生态农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of massif oil plants cultural method with Paeonia suffruticosa |
| CN106386286A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 大理青索花果山中药材种植有限公司 | Cold and freezing preservation method of peony planting |
| CN106856941A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-20 | 四川森迪科技发展股份有限公司 | A kind of method that Idesia polycarpa woods interplanting oil uses tree peony |
| CN109089707A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-28 | 山东棉花研究中心 | A kind of efficient implantation methods that oil is yielded two crops a year with tree peony and fresh edible maize |
| CN113207810A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-06 | 河北沃银龙生物科技有限公司 | Earthworm cultivation shared structure for planting dioscorea opposita |
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| CN106386286A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 大理青索花果山中药材种植有限公司 | Cold and freezing preservation method of peony planting |
| CN106856941A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-20 | 四川森迪科技发展股份有限公司 | A kind of method that Idesia polycarpa woods interplanting oil uses tree peony |
| CN109089707A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-28 | 山东棉花研究中心 | A kind of efficient implantation methods that oil is yielded two crops a year with tree peony and fresh edible maize |
| CN113207810A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-06 | 河北沃银龙生物科技有限公司 | Earthworm cultivation shared structure for planting dioscorea opposita |
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Address after: Jiangsu forestry building, 22 Dinghuaimen street, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036 Patentee after: JIANGSU ACADEMY OF FORESTRY Address before: 211153 dongshanqiao Academy of forestry, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: JIANGSU ACADEMY OF FORESTRY |