CN109511478A - A kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black - Google Patents
A kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black Download PDFInfo
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- CN109511478A CN109511478A CN201810563545.1A CN201810563545A CN109511478A CN 109511478 A CN109511478 A CN 109511478A CN 201810563545 A CN201810563545 A CN 201810563545A CN 109511478 A CN109511478 A CN 109511478A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
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Abstract
The present invention provides it is a kind of integrate radix bupleuri seed processing technology, rain spring autumn and winter use, ridge face collection rain, mulch soil moisture conservation heat, the micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black of organic fertilising.The specific method is as follows: a, selection of land: selection soil layer is deep, loose terraced fields or non-irrigated valley block；B, site preparation: deep ploughing after preceding crop harvest and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, and stores moisture in the soil to permeable rear a kind of farm tools, ridging carries out rotary tillage subsoiling；C, apply fertilizer: base applies decomposed farmyard manure and active organic fertilizer or base and applies decomposed farmyard manure and organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer；D, ridging, overlay film: in time in the Frost's Descent to the Beginning of Winter ditching, ridging overlay film；E, seed treatment: broadcast before by radix bupleuri seed be put into mass concentration be 1% soda ash solution in soak seed 1h after with clear water rinse 2-3 times after dry；F, it sows: the progress winter sowing in 10 days before and after slight snow；G, field pipe buries: second year top dressing is three times；H, excavate: third year 9-10 month aerial part cauline leaf is excavated when starting withered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radix bupleuri planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of full film of radix bupleuri black micro- furrow bunch planting plantation side
Method.
Background technique
Radix bupleuri is the clearing heat and detoxicating key medicine and the big Gansu Province medicine in Gansu Province ten and the main cultivation of Dingxi City Chinese medicine of current tcm clinical practice
One of kind, long-term cultivated area is at 50,000 mu or so.But under traditional planting patterns, it is difficult to emerge or emerged after radix bupleuri plantation
Late, the yield and quality of radix bupleuri has been seriously affected.Traditional radix bupleuri planting patterns is: one, selection of land: selection soil layer is deep, loose
Terraced fields or non-irrigated valley block.Preceding stubble avoids continuous cropping recast preferably wheat, legume.Two, site preparation: after preceding crop harvest
Deep ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up in time, and rake a kind of farm tools stores moisture in the soil after meeting saturating rain.Three, apply fertilizer: base applies abundant decomposed farmyard manure 2000-3000 ㎏/mu fine crushing,
5 ㎏ of urea/mu, 50 ㎏ of calcium superphosphate/mu.Four, variety selection radix bupleuri kind is middle bavin 1, and seed selects prior year production
New seed.Five, radix bupleuri plantation is put into 20 DEG C of warm water before seed treatment is broadcast and impregnates the blighted grain for removing keep afloat for 24 hours, is fished out
Water-bed full seed is sunk to out to dry sowing or do not handle direct sowing.Six, the sowing time: month in spring 3-4 wheat, Hu
It is sowed therewith when fiber crops plantation.Seven, seeding method: mixing up, and usually mixes up with summers crops such as flax, wheats.It broadcasts sowing and is sprinkling upon seed
The flat earth's surface of a kind of farm tools is harrowed, repeats rake a kind of farm tools 2-3 times with a kind of farm tools, seed is made to bury 1cm-2cm.Seven, field pipe buries: weeding, First Year
Progress weeding is given birth in conjunction with preceding crop to loosen the soil.The weeding time is by depending on field grass feelings after second year.Top dressing, second year top dressing two
Secondary, for the first time in mid or late April, second in the first tenday period of a month in late June to July.Specific top dressing depending on weather, generally use with
Rain imposes.It applies every time and imposes urea 5-10 ㎏/mu.It irrigates, does not pour water under normal circumstances, in case of dry weather is poured depending on soil moisture content
1-2 water.Eight, it excavates: excavating the time, aerial part cauline leaf starts withered when progress between the second year 9-10 month.Excavation method, first
Aerial part with harvester or is manually prescinded, then excavates root.Or excavated together with aerial part, it is cut again with scissors after excavation
Remove aerial part.When digging medicinal herbs from the earth it is ensured that seedling it is moist soft, to guarantee that seedling body is complete.Excavation is first since rand, in rand
Seedling trench digging is pasted, is then gradually dug inwards, Yao Baoquan seedling is not completely cured.
Traditional Chinese medicine radix bupleuri planting technology emergence rate is low, and seedling-growing time is long.Usually increase in 7-9 current year, rainfall month
It emerges after adding, causes growth of Bupleurum amount insufficient, Wintering Period dead seedling is serious, causes plantation field to be short of seedling seriously, yield and quality is low
Under.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in the prior art the shortcomings that and provide at a kind of collection radix bupleuri seed
Reason technology, rain spring autumn and winter integrate rain with, ridge face, mulch soil moisture conservation heats, the micro- furrow cave of the full film of radix bupleuri black of organic fertilising
Sowing planting method.
Technical problem to solve of the invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black, the specific method is as follows:
A, selection of land: selection soil layer is deep, loose terraced fields or non-irrigated valley block, preceding stubble be wheat, legume；
B, site preparation: deep ploughing after preceding crop harvest and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, and stores moisture in the soil, 2-3 days progress rotary tillage subsoilings before ridging to permeable rear a kind of farm tools；
C, apply fertilizer: base applies decomposed farmyard manure and active organic fertilizer or base and applies decomposed farmyard manure and organic and inorganic compound
Formula fertilizer；
D, ridging, overlay film: in time in the Frost's Descent to the Beginning of Winter ditching, ridging overlay film, ridge and ditch are linear in ground formation wave；It covers
Water seepage hole is beaten on the black film of furrow after film 7-10 days；
E, seed treatment: being put into the soda ash solution that mass concentration is 1% 1h that soaks seed for radix bupleuri seed before broadcasting, and removing floats on
The blighted grain of the water surface is pulled out to sink to after water-bed full seed is rinsed 2-3 times with clear water and be dried；
F, it sows: the progress winter sowing in 10 days before and after slight snow, by the radix bupleuri seed dried and thin dry ground by 1 before sowing:
2-3 ratio is sowed in furrow after mixing；
G, field pipe buries: second year top dressing is three times；
H, excavate: third year 9-10 month aerial part cauline leaf is excavated when starting withered.
It is 240-260 ㎏/mu that base, which applies decomposed farmyard manure 2000-3000 ㎏/mu and active organic fertilizer, in the step c,
Or it is 110kg/ mus that base, which applies decomposed farmyard manure 2000-3000 ㎏/mu and organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer,.
In the step c when ridging overlay film, ditch spacing is 20-24 ㎝, and ditch depth is 8-10 ㎝, with the black film of 120 ㎝ wide
Every ridge 4-5 is one group of carry out overlay film, every the horizontal firming waistband of 1-1.5m when overlay film.
Hill spacing 10-12 ㎝, seed level 2-3 ㎝ are sowed in the step f, every cave is kept a full stand of seedings 5-7 plants, and keep a full stand of seedings 27000- per acre
30000 caves, ten thousand plants of 16-19.
Second year top dressing three times, is applying dressing of turnning green stage using spring snow for the first time before turning green in the step g, organic with activity
Fertile 100-120 ㎏/mu is applied with rain rill；Second of mid or late April applies bolting fertilizer, with humic acid water capacity fertilizer 10-12 ㎏/mu with rain
Ditch spread；Third time is applied in late June to early July and attacks seed fertilizer, with potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliage-spray, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.2
㎏/mu.
It is excavated in the step h and Shi Xianyong harvester or manually prescinds aerial part, then excavate root or together with overground part
Divide and excavate together, cuts off aerial part with scissors again after excavation, excavation will save seedling from damage, not be completely cured.
The present invention improves the subjective germinative trait of radix bupleuri seed, and routinely germination is slow for Chinese medicine radix bupleuri seed, normal
Under temperature and humidity conditions, germination was needed up to 30-60 days time, this is exactly the difficult subjective questions of arid area radix bupleuri plantation emergence.
The present invention is effectively shortened the starting date of radix bupleuri germination by radix bupleuri seed soda ash solution processing technique, improves bavin
The germination percentage and germinating energy of Hu seed solve the problems, such as radix bupleuri seed sprouting difficulty from self-condition.The present invention changes bavin simultaneously
Objective environment condition needed for planting recklessly: the spring and summer signs of drought is frequent, and soil moisture content is extremely low during radix bupleuri germination, emergence,
Available sulfur needed for open country plantation cannot meet radix bupleuri seed germinating growth for a long time, the present invention pass through full membrane technology and micro-
The optimum organization of ridge technology has been accomplished that autumn and winter rain spring is used, the rainfall that neutralizes is limited rainfall, has objectively been efficiently solved
The problem that medicinal material radix bupleuri germination is slow and germination water requirement is big, while solving the dense planting such as radix bupleuri by micro- ridge bunch planting technology
The Rational Density of crop.The present invention keeps the radix bupleuri seed of sowing long by the adjustment of sowing time using very long winter
Phase is stored in slowly drained soil, extends the absorbent time of radix bupleuri seed to a certain extent, is conducive to radix bupleuri seed spring and robs
Moisture in the soil germination and emergence.Meanwhile by the warming effect in spring and season in late fall early after covering with ground sheeting, radix bupleuri is extended in the fertility in field
Time increases effective accumulated temperature for plant dry substance accumulation.The present invention is also adjusted by fertilizer practice, and radix bupleuri production is made to reach green
Color high yield, upgrading synergy purpose.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 4 different disposal growth of Bupleurum Dynamic Graph of embodiment；
Fig. 2 is that 4 different fertilization of embodiment compares figure to the influence of radix bupleuri growing process；
Fig. 3 is 5 different disposal growth of Bupleurum Dynamic Graph of embodiment；
Fig. 4 is that 5 different fertilization of embodiment compares figure to the influence of radix bupleuri growing process.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Different solutions are to radix bupleuri seed germination treatment test report
For present in the large genuine traditional Chinese medicine material radix bupleuri production in Gansu Province, germination percentage is low, germination is irregular, conventional germination
The major techniques problems such as time length carry out different solutions seed soaking to radix bupleuri seed.RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN is taken in this test,
Acid, alkali, salt and the organic solvent for selecting rural household's life periphery, are arranged 5 processing.Have: T1: the processing of vinegar solution seed soaking is (with newly
20 times of liquid of vinegar are eaten raw to soak seed 7 hours；Impregnated 3 hours after cleaning 2-3 times with clear water), T2: soda ash solution seed soaking uses quality
Concentration is that 1% soda ash solution is soaked seed 30 minutes, is soaked seed 3 hours with clear water again after cleaning 2-3 times), T3: alcoholic solution seed soaking
It (is soaked seed 7 hours with 20 times of liquid of common white spirit；Impregnated 3 hours after cleaning 2-3 times with clear water) T4: water seed soaking handles (20 DEG C of temperature
Water logging kind is impregnated 3 hours when water temperature reaches room temperature), T5: (mass concentration is 1% salt for soaking seed to salt solution seed soaking
It is soaked seed 3 hours with clear water again after 30 minutes, cleaning 2-3 times).Radix bupleuri seed current year new seed, this experiment in heating at room temperature
It carries out and (cultivates 18-23 DEG C of temperature), rinsed every other day with clear water, supplement cultivates box moisture and humidity, until seed starts to germinate.With
Look into seedling, flushing, record daily afterwards.Experiment is recorded and is shown in Table 1.
1 different solutions of table are to radix bupleuri seed treatment test statistics table
As seen from Table 1, T2, T5 are superior to T4 from germination starting date, germination period, germination percentage, germinating energy.T2 ratio T4
Germination percentage improves 10%, germinating energy raising 8%, the starting date shifts to an earlier date 4 days, germination cycle time 2 days, and T5 ratio T4 germination percentage mentions
High 5%, germinating energy raising 8%, starting date shift to an earlier date 4 days, germination cycle time 2 days；T1 is compared with T4, the germination starting date
It is to have phenomenon in advance, but germination percentage, germinating energy downward trend；T3 is compared with T4, germination starting date, germination period, hair
Bud rate, germinating energy are in negative effect.
Embodiment 2
Different solutions are to radix bupleuri seed germination treatment retrial test report
Test result and there are aiming at the problem that, take RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, select acid, alkali, the salt on rural household's life periphery
And organic solvent, by adjusting 5 processing are reset.Have: T1: the processing of vinegar solution seed soaking is (with the 20 times of liquid leachings of fresh vinegar
Kind 30 minutes is impregnated 3 hours after cleaning 2-3 times with clear water), T2: (mass concentration is 1% sodium carbonate to soda ash solution seed soaking
Soaked seed 3 hours with clear water again after solution seed soaking 30 minutes, cleaning 2-3 times), T3: alcoholic solution seed soaking (uses common white spirit
20 times of liquid are soaked seed 30 minutes, are impregnated 3 hours after cleaning 2-3 times with clear water) T4: water seed soaking handles (20 DEG C of water seed soakings, to water
Temperature is impregnated 3 hours when reaching room temperature), T5: (mass concentration is 1% salt for soaking seed 30 minutes to salt solution seed soaking, cleaning
It is soaked seed 3 hours with clear water again after 2-3 times).Radix bupleuri seed current year new seed, this experiment carry out (cultivating temperature in heating at room temperature
18-23 DEG C of degree) is rinsed with clear water every other day, is supplemented and cultivate box moisture and humidity, until seed starts to germinate.It looks into daily later
Seedling, flushing, record.Experiment is recorded and is shown in Table 2.
2 different solutions of table are to radix bupleuri seed treatment test statistics table
As seen from Table 2, T2, T5 are superior to T4, T2 ratio T4 from germination starting date, germination period, germination percentage, germinating energy
Germination percentage improves 12%, germinating energy raising 4%, the starting date shifts to an earlier date 3 days, germination cycle time 2 days, and T5 ratio T4 germination percentage mentions
High 6%, germinating energy raising 3%, starting date shift to an earlier date 3 days, germination cycle time 2 days；T1 compared with T4, germination starting the date,
The germination period is that have phenomenon in advance, but germination percentage, germinating energy downward trend；T3 compared with T4, germination the period, germination percentage,
Germinating energy increases, but the starting date of germinateing does not have effect.In summary germination is as a result, soda ash solution is at radix bupleuri seed
The Suitable agents of reason.
Embodiment 3
Different soda ash solutions and time are to radix bupleuri seed germination treatment test report
To seek soda ash solution to the optium concentration and seed soaking time of radix bupleuri seed germination treatment, random district's groups is taken to set
4 processing are arranged in meter, and I: mass concentration is that 1% soda ash solution is soaked seed 30 minutes, small with clear water seed soaking 1 again after cleaning 2-3 times
When, II: mass concentration is that 0.5% soda ash solution is soaked seed 30 minutes, is soaked seed 1 hour with clear water again after cleaning 2-3 times, III: quality
Concentration is that 1% soda ash solution is soaked seed 1 hour, is soaked seed 1 hour with clear water again after cleaning 2-3 times, and IV: mass concentration is 1.5% pure
Aqueous slkali is soaked seed 30 minutes, is soaked seed 1 hour with clear water again after cleaning 2-3 times, radix bupleuri seed current year new seed, this experiment is in warm
Gas carries out (cultivate 18-23 DEG C of temperature) at room temperature and rinsed every other day with clear water, and supplement cultivates box moisture and humidity, until seed is opened
Originate bud.Look into seedling, flushing, record daily later.Test is recorded and is shown in Table 3.
3 various concentration soda ash solution of table and seed soaking time are to radix bupleuri seed treatment statistical form
As seen from Table 3, in terms of germination percentage, III processing highest is followed successively by I, II, IV；In terms of germinating energy, III processing highest,
It is followed successively by I, IV, II；In terms of the starting date, III, IV processing is most short, is followed successively by I, II；In terms of the germination period, III processing longest,
It is followed successively by I, II, IV.In summary germination condition, III processing are most ideal process, i.e. the soda ash solution seed soaking 1h of concentration 1%,
Then rinsing 2-3 times with clear water is the radix bupleuri seed treatment best approach.
Embodiment 4
Radix bupleuri applies active organic fertilizer test report
One, test objective meaning
Radix bupleuri is one of Gansu Province " ten big Gansu Province medicines " and the large traditional Chinese medicinal materials assortment in Dingxi City.But since continuous cropping is planted in plantation
The continuous expansion of area has broken soil ecology balance, has caused soil degradation and plate along with the unreasonable use chemistry of peasant household
Knot finally affects the yield and quality of production Chinese medicine.Active organic fertilizer is a kind of rich in a variety of advantage PGPR bacterium (root system rush
Raw microorganism) organic fertilizer, it has promoting root growth, and mostly raw fibrous root cultivates strengthening root, and enhancing crop root inhales fertilizer, and water absorbing capacity is living
To change soil, reduce Pollution by Chemicals, increase fertility of land, increases soil aggregate structure and other effects, its application can reconcile Tiny ecosystem,
Increase the anti-continuous cropping of enhancing crop, disease resistance ability, is the basis of green food pharmaceutical production.
Two, test arrangement
1, test basic condition: test is located in the medicine garden garden of the Longxi County town the Shou Yang village the Dong Jiabao west of Gansu Province, height above sea level 1912m, year
430 ㎜ of equal precipitation, 7.4 DEG C of average annual temperature, average annual the frost-free period 142d.It irrigates the fields for examination plot for water, topography is flat, soil fertilizer
Power situation is uniform, middle fertility, is loessal soil.Preceding crop is Radix Astragali.Fertilizer is the limited public affairs of the green auspicious odd biotechnology of energy in Gansu
Take charge of provide day health source activity organic fertilizer (content of organic matter >=30%, N P and K total amount >=7% in organic available nutrient, also
It connects to draw and has microelement and manufactured novel, high-efficiency activated organic fertilizer).Radix bupleuri seed is the new seed of current year's production, sowing quantity
4kg/ mus.
2, experimental design and plantation: this test uses single factor test RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, designs 5 processing, T1: does not apply fertilizer
(CK), T2:220kg/ mus, T3:240kg/ mus, T4:260kg/ mus, T5:280kg/ mus.3 repetitions, plot area 3m × 4m=
12m2, section is away from 20cm, and experimental field surrounding sets 1m wide protection row.Entire test is spread fertilizer over the fields fertilizer respectively small by experimental design
Area, and carrying out during L. chinensis buries, broadcasts sowing the sowing of radix bupleuri seed later, and when 10 ㎝ of height of seedling or so starts artificial weeding, keeps field
Between clean.
3, field observation record and data acquisition: to the growthdevelopmental stage of experimental plot different disposal (, 6,7, August strain in three months
Height is measured and (randomly chooses 20 plants of progress plant height measurements in each cell), and its average is taken to be counted.Harvest time is to examination
Test cell dig in fact it is single receive, measure fresh root yield, while being measured that (every cell takes 60 plants of measurements at random to medicinal material patent medicine specification
Root long, root thickness), and take its mean value calculation root long, root thickness (being shown in Table 4).Test data using Exceel, SPSS15.5 and
Tukey B statistical analysis software is analyzed.
Three, result and analysis
1, influence test result (be shown in Table 4) of the active organic fertilizer Different Fertilization amount to growth of Bupleurum
Table 4 is influence test result of the active organic fertilizer Different Fertilization amount to growth of Bupleurum
2, influence of the active organic fertilizer Different Fertilization amount to radix bupleuri different times biological yield
It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the radix bupleuri of different disposal same stage growth be it is different, illustrate that active organic fertilizer can have
Effect improves radix bupleuri biological yield.Meanwhile with growthdevelopmental stage to postpone Fertilization Effect all the more obvious.It is different by variance analysis
Fertilizer treatment does not reach significance to the influence of radix bupleuri plant height in June, reaches significant water to July, the influence of August part plant height
It is flat.By comparative analysis, influence (table 5) of the active organic fertilizer to radix bupleuri plant height in July: processing 5, processing 4, processing 3 it is mutual it
Between difference it is not significant, but they processing 2 between differences reach the level of signifiance, processing 1 between difference reach extremely significant level；
Difference reaches the level of signifiance between processing 2 and processing 1；Influence (table 6) of the active organic fertilizer to August part radix bupleuri plant height: processing 5 with
Difference reaches the level of signifiance between processing 4, processing 3, and difference reaches extremely significant level between processing 2, processing 1；Processing 4 and place
The level of signifiance is not achieved in difference between reason 3, but difference reaches the level of signifiance between processing 2, and difference reaches pole between processing 1
The level of signifiance；The level of signifiance is not achieved in difference between processing 3 and processing 2, but difference reaches the level of signifiance between processing 1；Place
Difference reaches the level of signifiance between reason 2 and processing 2.
Comparative analysis by this test to radix bupleuri different times aerial growth amount, illustrates that dose is higher, biology
Yield accumulation is more.Secondly different times biological yield analytic explanation is that radix bupleuri needs fertilizer critical in west of Gansu Province semiarid zone July
Phase, top dressing best period should be pushed forward half a month, i.e. mid-June (peduncle-growing period for rapeseed) in July in production.
Table 5 is the comparison of different disposal in July radix bupleuri plant height
Table 6 is the comparison of August part different disposal radix bupleuri plant height
Fig. 2 is that different fertilization compares figure to the influence of radix bupleuri growing process
From figure 2, it is seen that active organic fertilizer different fertilization has certain influence to radix bupleuri growing process, but difference is little,
Peduncle-growing period for rapeseed: fertilizer treatment is postponed than control growing process；Flowering stage: T3 and T1 are almost the same, and T2, T4, T5 are slightly existing in advance
As；Full-bloom stage: all fertilizer treatments have phenomenon in advance than control.Analysis of variance, active organic fertilizer different fertilization are right
Radix bupleuri jointing stage, early flowering season, full-bloom stage do not have a significant impact.It is slow from the above analytic explanation active organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency, to bavin
Hu growing process influences little.
Different fertilization is larger to medicinal material root long and yield effect, influences on root thickness little.Illustrate active organic fertilizer
Application plays improving effect to planting soil, changes application ecological environment of soil, breaks soil hardening, increases arable layer
Depth promotes crop root to increase.Conspicuousness water is not achieved on the influence of radix bupleuri root thickness in Analysis of variance, active organic fertilizer fertilising
It is flat, but the level of signifiance is reached on radix bupleuri root long, per mu yield influence.Through Multiple range test, promotion of the active organic fertilizer to radix bupleuri root long
Effect (table 7): fertilizer treatment (processing 2,3,4,5) with compare and (handle 1) between reach the level of signifiance, but active organic fertilizer is not
Difference is not significant between same amount of application (processing 2,3,4,5)；Active organic fertilizer applies the influence (table 8) to radix bupleuri yield: processing 3
Increase by 30.93 ㎏, rate of growth 70.5% than 1 yield of processing, difference reaches extremely significant level；Increase by 11.57 than 2 yield of processing
㎏, rate of growth 35.8%, difference reaches the level of signifiance；Increase by 8.34 ㎏ than 4 yield of processing, rate of growth 23.5%, difference reaches
The level of signifiance；Increase by 9 ㎏ than 5 yield of processing, rate of growth 25.8%, difference reaches the level of signifiance.Processing 4, processing 5, processing 2
Between difference be not achieved the level of signifiance, but their differences between processing 1 reach the level of signifiance.Illustrate that semiarid zone radix bupleuri is raw
Producing dose is 240kg/ mus.
Table 7 is the comparison that different organic manure application rates influence radix bupleuri root long
Table 8 is comparison of the different organic manure application rates to radix bupleuri yield effect
Four, brief summary
1, active organic fertilizer application can change application ecological environment of soil, break soil hardening, and crop root is promoted to increase
It is long, it is finally reached raising yield, but active organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is slow, radix bupleuri growing process is influenced little.
2, comprehensive radix bupleuri Aboveground Biomass of Young accumulation and underground economy yield composition are intended establishing the life of semiarid zone radix bupleuri
Production active organic fertilizer dose is 240 ㎏/mu.When dose is more than 260 ㎏/mu, although biological yield is still increasing, ground
The prosperous growth of upper part is unfavorable for radix bupleuri economic flow rate and is formed, i.e., radix bupleuri root system yield is on a declining curve.
3, it is seen by comparative analysis combination radix bupleuri fertility management of this test to radix bupleuri different times aerial growth amount
It examines, it is July that in west of Gansu Province semiarid zone, radix bupleuri crop, which needs fertile critical period, and top dressing best period should be in July in production
It is pushed forward half a month, i.e. mid-June (peduncle-growing period for rapeseed).
Embodiment 5
Manure trial report of the organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer on radix bupleuri
One, test objective meaning
Standardized according to Chinese medicine and produce GAP pertinent regulations, it has to be noted that otherwise the rational application of fertilizer will cause under quality of medicinal material
Drop, the adverse consequences such as soil hardening.This test carries out the test of organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer fertilizer efficiency on genunie medicinal materials radix bupleuri
Research, it is intended to explore local radix bupleuri and produce the effect after upper organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer application, establish organic and inorganic compound
Optimum quantum of utilization of the formula fertilizer in arid, the plantation of semiarid zone radix bupleuri, promotes the high-quality and efficient production of local radix bupleuri, to solve
Traditional agriculture production list applies inorganic fertilizer and application nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizer, the soil organism tail off, plant caused by soil hardening etc.
Trophic disturbance problem provides technical parameter and theoretical foundation.
Two, test arrangement
1, test basic condition: test arrangement is in the medicine garden garden of the Longxi County town the Shou Yang village the Dong Jiabao west of Gansu Province.Height above sea level 1912m,
430 ㎜ of average annual precipitation, 7.4 DEG C of average annual temperature, average annual the frost-free period 142d.It irrigates the fields for examination plot for water, topography is flat, soil
Fertility state is uniform, middle fertility, is loessal soil.P in soil H value 8.17, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content 123mg/kg, available phosphorus content
39.7mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 266.8mg/kg, content of organic matter 12.97g/kg.Preceding crop is Radix Astragali.Fertilizer is Gansu
The organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer that Lv Nengruiqi Bioisystech Co., Ltd provides.Radix bupleuri seed is the new seed of current year's production,
4kg/ mus of sowing quantity.
2, experimental design and plantation: single factor test RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN is used, 5 processing, T1: do not apply fertilizer (CK)；T2:
110kg/ mus；T3:120kg/ mus；T4:130kg/ mus；T5:140kg/ mus.3 repetitions, plot area 3m × 4m=12m2, area
Spacing 20cm, experimental field surrounding sets 1m wide protection row.Site preparation is combined to apply the fertilizer of different amounts in each processing before sowing, and
During progress L. chinensis buries, the sowing of radix bupleuri seed is broadcasted sowing later, manages conventional carry out.
3, field observation record and data acquisition: test carries out growthdevelopmental stage record to different disposal from second year, and right
6,7, August part plant height is measured (every cell takes 20 plants to be measured at random), to understand different disposal growth and development dynamics；
When excavation, divides cell to dig measurement root yield in fact, while taking 60 plants of measurements root longs, root thickness at random to every cell, pass through average value
Calculate root long, root thickness and yield data.Test data is analyzed using Exceel, SPSS15.5 and Tukey B.
Three, result and analysis
1, test result (being shown in Table 9)
2, influence of the organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer Different Fertilization amount to radix bupleuri biological yield
Find out from different times plant height (Fig. 3), different fertilization is different to the accumulation of radix bupleuri biological yield.June
Part: all fertilizer treatments are better than control；July: T2 is better than control, and for T3 with compareing, T4, T5 are worse than control；August:
T2, T3 are better than control, and T4, T5 are worse than control.Illustrating reasonably to apply fertilizer can promote radix bupleuri biological yield to be formed, but unreasonable
Fertilising, especially apply a large amount of inorganic fertilizer in arid area, increase the concentration of the soil liquid, crop root is made to absorb moisture
Difficulty is formed with inhibiting effect [4] to crop biological yield.Analysis of variance (table 10), Different Fertilization is to radix bupleuri June, July, 8
Month, plant height had a significant impact.Compare through similar subset, change of height in June (being shown in Table 11), applies organic and inorganic compound formula
(control) is significant to radix bupleuri plant height facilitation, but radix bupleuri difference in plant height is not significant between different administration amount than not applying fertilizer for fertilizer.7
Month change of height (being shown in Table 12), it is bright to radix bupleuri plant height facilitation at 110kg/ mus of the formula fertilizer amount of applying of organic and inorganic compound
It is aobvious, there is no significant difference between other fertilisings.August part change of height (being shown in Table 13) further proves that organic and inorganic compound is matched
It is obvious to radix bupleuri plant height facilitation at 110kg/ mus of the square fertilizer amount of applying, there is no significant difference between other fertilisings.
3, organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer Different Fertilization amount influences radix bupleuri growing process
As can be seen from Figure 4, different fertilization has certain influence to radix bupleuri growing process.Vegetative growth phase (before bolting):
Radix bupleuri growing process postpones after fertilising, and increases with dose, postpones number of days and is increasing, but when dose is excessive then plays inhibition and makees
With.T2, T3, T4, T5 are averagely postponed 0.4 day, 1.4 days, 2 days, 0.7 day respectively than T1；Reproductive stage, flowering stage: after fertilising
Radix bupleuri growing process is accelerated, and increases with dose, and number of days is increasing in advance, but when dose is excessive then inhibits radix bupleuri reproduction raw
Long, T2, T3, T4, T5 averagely shift to an earlier date 3.4 days, 4.4 days, 4 days, 4 days than T1 respectively；Full-bloom stage: T2, T3, T4, T5 compare T1 respectively
Averagely shift to an earlier date 4.7 days, 5.7 days, 1 day, 3 days.Illustrate reasonably to apply fertilizer and can promote bavin growing process, but unreasonable fertilising
There is inhibiting effect to radix bupleuri growing process.
Table 9 is influence test result of the organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer Different Fertilization amount to growth of Bupleurum
Table 10 is influence of the active organic fertilizer different administration amount to radix bupleuri different times increment
Table 11 is the same comparison of plant height in June different disposal
Table 12 is the comparison of plant height in July different disposal
Table 13 is the comparison of August part plant height different disposal
Flowering stage does not have a significant impact, and influences on radix bupleuri full-bloom stage significant.By the similar subset of full-bloom stage it was found that,
There were significant differences between processing 1 and processing 2, processing 3；There were significant differences between processing 4 and processing 2, processing 3；Processing 5 and processing
2, processing 3 between there is no difference, with processing 1, processing 4, between also without difference.4, organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer difference is applied
Influence of the fertilizer amount to radix bupleuri specification and yield
As can be seen from Figure 4, different fertilization mainly influences root long and yield, on root thickness influence it is smaller, and with T2 most
It is good, illustrate when dose is 110kg/ mus (T2), radix bupleuri yield highest, 46.85 ㎏ of average yield per mu fresh goods increases production with contrast ratio
Amount reaches 33.89 ㎏；Increase by 15.74 ㎏ than 3 (120kg/ mus of dose) yield of processing；Than handling 4 (130kg/ mus of doses)
Yield increases by 20.74 ㎏；Increase by 21.29 ㎏ than 5 (130kg/ mus of dose) yield of processing.Analysis of variance (table 14), it is different
Influence of the fertilizer treatment to radix bupleuri root long, yield reaches the level of signifiance, and the level of signifiance is not achieved on root thickness influence.Through Multiple range test
(table 15, table 16), T2 and T1 difference reach extremely significant level, T3, and T4, T5 and T1 difference reach the level of signifiance.
Table 14 is variance analysis of the organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer to radix bupleuri specification and yield effect
Table 15 is the comparison of different disposal radix bupleuri root long
Table 16 is the comparison of different disposal radix bupleuri per mu yield fresh goods amount
Four, brief summary
(1) Rational Application of organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer can promote radix bupleuri biological yield to be formed, but unreasonable apply
Fertilizer especially applies a large amount of inorganic fertilizer in arid area, increases the concentration of the soil liquid, so that crop root is absorbed moisture tired
Difficulty is formed with inhibiting effect to crop biological yield.
(2) Rational Application of organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer can promote radix bupleuri growing process, but unreasonable fertilising pair
Radix bupleuri growing process has inhibiting effect.
(3) Rational Application of organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer changes planting site ecological environment of soil, and then influences radix bupleuri
The elongation of root and yield composition finally reach the high yield and high quality of medicinal material product.
(4) it is analyzed through this test by comprehensive study, produces upper organic and inorganic compound in arid, semiarid zone radix bupleuri
Formula fertilizer optimum fertilizing amount, which should be 110kg/ mus, to be advisable.The excessively high too low raising for being unfavorable for yield and medical material quanlity.
Embodiment 6
A kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black, the specific method is as follows:
1 mu of radix bupleuri is planted in the micro- furrow bunch planting method of the Longxi County lucky star town full film of the village Zhong He black in 2015 years, tool
Body method is as follows:
A, selection of land: deep, the loose non-irrigated valley block of soil layer, preceding stubble are wheat；
B, site preparation: deep ploughing after preceding crop harvest and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, and moisture in the soil is stored to a kind of farm tools after autumn saturating rain, and progress rotary tillage in 2 days is deep before ridging
Pine；
C, apply fertilizer: base applies decomposed 3000 ㎏ of farmyard manure/mu, and active organic fertilizer dose is 240 ㎏/mu.
D, ridging, overlay film: in time in the Beginning of Winter trench digging overlay film, ditch spacing is 20 ㎝, and ditch depth is 10 ㎝；It is black with 120 ㎝ wide
Every five ridge of color film is one group of carry out overlay film, and when overlay film beats every on the horizontal firming waistband of 1m, the black film after overlay film 7 days on furrow
Water seepage hole.
E, seed treatment: being put into the soda ash solution that concentration is 1% 1h that soaks seed for radix bupleuri seed before broadcasting, and removing is kept afloat
Blighted grain, pull out to sink to after water-bed full seed is rinsed 2 times with clear water and dry；
F, it sows: carrying out winter sowing before and after slight snow, the radix bupleuri seed and thin dry ground for drying processing before sowing are by 1:
2 ratios are sowed in furrow with adjustable small-sized seed hill-drop drill after mixing, 12 ㎝ of hill spacing, 2 ㎝ of seed level, every bunch planting 14
Left and right.In April, 2016 emergence.
G, field pipe buries: weeding routinely carries out.2017 annual top dressings three times, for the first time in benefit on March 15 current year
Dressing of turnning green stage is applied with spring snowfall, mu is spread fertilizer over the fields with 100 ㎏ of organic fertilizer with snow；Second of April 26 with 10 ㎏ of humic acid water capacity fertilizer/
Mu is watered 20 ㎏ ditch spreads before rainfall；Third time is in potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliage-spray on July 8；0.1 ㎏ of dosage/mu.
H, excavate: the aerial part cauline leaf on the 10th of September in 2017 starts withered when progress；Aerial part is manually first prescinded, then
Root is excavated, when excavation has accomplished not to be completely cured as far as possible.
Look into seedling through technical staff field and survey and produce: in April, 2016, every cave was emerged 6 plants or so, and mu is kept a full stand of seedings 27780 caves, and 16
Wan Zhu.2017 years received fresh medicine up to 68 ㎏/mu, rate of growth 23.6%.
Embodiment 7
A kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black, the specific method is as follows:
2.4 mu of radix bupleuri are planted in the micro- furrow bunch planting method of the Longxi County town the Ma He full film of the village Yang Ying black in 2015 years,
The specific method is as follows:
A, selection of land: soil layer is deep, loose terraced fields, and preceding stubble is pea；
B, it site preparation: deep ploughs and suns the earth which has been ploughed up after preceding crop harvest, moisture in the soil, 3 days progress rotary tillage subsoilings before ridging are stored to a kind of farm tools after saturating rain；
C, apply fertilizer: base applies decomposed 2000 ㎏ of farmyard manure/mu, and organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer is 110kg/ mus
D, ridging, overlay film: in time in Frost's Descent trench digging overlay film, ditch spacing is 24 ㎝, and ditch depth is 8 ㎝；It is black with 120 ㎝ wide
Every four ridge of color film is that one group of carry out overlay film is used on furrow black film after overlay film 10 days every 1.5m horizontal firming waistband when overlay film
Moso bamboo has beaten water seepage hole；
E, seed treatment: being put into the soda ash solution that concentration is 1% 1h that soaks seed for radix bupleuri seed before broadcasting, and removing is kept afloat
Blighted grain, pull out to sink to after water-bed full seed is rinsed 2-3 times with clear water and dry；
F, it sows: winter sowing is carried out before and after slight snow, by the radix bupleuri seed dried and thin dry ground by 1:3 ratio before sowing
Example is sowed in furrow after mixing, 10 ㎝ of hill spacing, 3 ㎝ of seed level, 13 seeds of every bunch planting；
G, field pipe buries: three times, first spread fertilizer over the fields dressing of turnning green stage, mu organic fertilizer using winter snows inferior to March 2 to top dressing in 2017
120 ㎏/mu；Second of mid-May is applied with humic acid water capacity fertilizer 12 ㎏/mu with rain rill；Third time is in late June di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium foliage-spray, dosage are 0.2 ㎏/mu；
H, excavate: in October, 2017, aerial part cauline leaf started withered when progress；It is first prescinded with the careless harvester of poultry and is planted on the ground
Strain, then excavate root.
Look into seedling through technical staff field and survey and produce: in April, 2016, every cave was emerged 7 plants or so, and mu is kept a full stand of seedings 27600 caves,
19.4 ten thousand plants.2017 years received fresh medicine up to 88 ㎏/mu, rate of growth 35.4%.
Embodiment 8
A kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black, the specific method is as follows:
Radix bupleuri is planted in the micro- furrow bunch planting method of the Longxi County town the Tong Anyi full film of head of the horse Chuan Cun black in 2015 years
1.5 mu, the specific method is as follows:
A, selection of land: water valley block, preceding stubble are wheat；
B, it site preparation: deep ploughs and suns the earth which has been ploughed up after preceding crop harvest, moisture in the soil, progress rotary tillage in 2 days before ridging are stored to a kind of farm tools after watering；
C, apply fertilizer: base applies decomposed 3000 ㎏ of farmyard manure/mu, and active organic fertilizer dose is 260 ㎏/mu；
D, ridging, overlay film: in time in the Beginning of Winter trench digging overlay film, ditch spacing is 20 ㎝, and ditch depth is 10 ㎝；It is black with 120 ㎝ wide
Every five ridge of color film is that one group of carry out overlay film every 1m horizontal firming waistband when overlay film beats infiltration after overlay film 7 days on the black film of furrow
Water hole；
E, seed treatment: being put into the soda ash solution that concentration is 1% 1h that soaks seed for radix bupleuri seed before broadcasting, and removing is kept afloat
Blighted grain, pull out to sink to after water-bed full seed is rinsed 3 times with clear water and dry；
F, it sows: winter sowing is carried out before and after slight snow, by the radix bupleuri seed dried and thin dry ground by 1:2 ratio before sowing
Example is sowed in furrow after mixing, 11 ㎝ of hill spacing, 2 ㎝ of seed level, 12 seeds of every bunch planting；
G, field pipe buries: top dressing in 2017 three times, has applied dressing of turnning green stage before raining March 21 for the first time, and mu is with organic
Fertilizer 120 ㎏/mu；Second of late April is with humic acid water capacity fertilizer 12 ㎏/mu with watering ditch spread；Third time is in late June phosphoric acid
Potassium dihydrogen foliage-spray, dosage are 0.1 ㎏/mu；
H, it excavates: being carried out when aerial part cauline leaf on October 14 is withered within 2017；It excavates, excavates together with aerial part
Aerial part is cut off with scissors again afterwards.
Look into seedling through technical staff field and survey and produce: in May, 2016, every cave was emerged 6 plants or so, and mu is kept a full stand of seedings 20300 caves,
18.1 ten thousand plants.2017 years received fresh medicine up to 98 ㎏/mu, rate of growth 30.7%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black, it is characterised in that the specific method is as follows:
A, selection of land: selection soil layer is deep, loose terraced fields or non-irrigated valley block, preceding stubble be wheat, legume；
B, site preparation: deep ploughing after preceding crop harvest and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, and stores moisture in the soil, 2-3 days progress rotary tillage subsoilings before ridging to permeable rear a kind of farm tools；
C, apply fertilizer: base applies decomposed farmyard manure and active organic fertilizer or base and applies decomposed farmyard manure and organic and inorganic compound formula
Fertilizer；
D, ridging, overlay film: in time in the Frost's Descent to the Beginning of Winter ditching, ridging overlay film, ridge and ditch are linear in ground formation wave；Overlay film 7-
Water seepage hole is beaten on the black film of furrow after 10 days；
E, seed treatment: being put into the soda ash solution that mass concentration is 1% 1h that soaks seed for radix bupleuri seed before broadcasting, and removing is kept afloat
Blighted grain, pull out to sink to after water-bed full seed is rinsed 2-3 times with clear water and dry；
F, it sows: the progress winter sowing in 10 days before and after slight snow, by the radix bupleuri seed dried and thin dry ground by 1:2-3 ratio before sowing
Example is sowed in furrow after mixing；
G, field pipe buries: second year top dressing is three times；
H, excavate: third year 9-10 month aerial part cauline leaf is excavated when starting withered.
2. a kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
In rapid c base apply kg/ mu of decomposed farmyard manure 2000-3000 and active organic fertilizer applied for 240-260 kg/ mus or base it is decomposed
Farmyard manure 2000-3000 ㎏/mu and organic and inorganic compound formula fertilizer are 110 kg/ mus.
3. a kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: institute
When stating ridging overlay film in step c, it is one with the every ridge 4-5 of the black film of 120cm wide that ditch spacing, which is 20-24cm, ditch depth 8-10cm,
Group carries out overlay film, every the horizontal firming waistband of 1-1.5m when overlay film.
4. a kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: institute
It states sowing hill spacing 10-12cm, seed level 2-3cm, every cave in step f to keep a full stand of seedings 5-7 plants, the cave 27000-30000 of keeping a full stand of seedings per acre, 16-19
Wan Zhu.
5. a kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the step
Second year top dressing three times, is applying dressing of turnning green stage using spring snow for the first time, with active organic fertilizer 100-120 kg/ before turning green in rapid g
Mu is applied with rain rill；Second of mid or late April applies bolting fertilizer, is applied with kg/ mus of fertilizer 10-12 of the humic acid water capacity with rain rill；Third time exists
Late June to early July, which applies, attacks seed fertilizer, with potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliage-spray, kg/ mus of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.2.
6. a kind of micro- furrow bunch planting implantation methods of the full film of radix bupleuri black according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that: institute
It states and excavates Shi Xianyong harvester in step h or manually prescind aerial part, then excavate root or excavated together with aerial part,
Aerial part is cut off with scissors again after excavation, excavation will save seedling from damage, not be completely cured.
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