CN105210652B - A kind of cultural method made between corn and mung bean - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method made between corn and mung bean Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The cultural method made between a kind of corn and mung bean, it is related to a kind of cultural method of corn and mung bean.It is to solve the problems, such as that existing corn, mung bean implantation methods light, thermal resource underutilization, soil nutrient elements unbalanced depletion, crop yield be low, deficiency in economic performance.Method：First, fine site preparation；2nd, from improved seeds；3rd, rational close planting；4th, the field of corn and mung bean intercropping culture method is laid out；5th, science field management；6th, harvest in good time.The present invention changes traditional small line-spacing planting patterns, is adopted as wide-narrow row planting cultivation mode, narrow row Row spacing of maize 30cm, two row mung beans of wide row centre plantation, optimizes configuration of the crop in field, form " width is wide " alternatively distributed horizontal layout.In the case where keeping the corn not underproduction, per hectare can increase by 1000~1300 kilograms of mung bean yield, significantly improve the yield and benefit of crop in unit area.For proportion of crop planting field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of corn and the cultural method of mung bean.
Background technology
Corn is the second largest crop in China, and long-term cultivated area is maintained at 24,000,000 hectares or so, occupies second place of the world,
Important function has been played in terms of national food security is ensured.Jilin Province is one of main product province of corn, on the corn in China
There is very important status, its unit yield, gross annual output amount, commodity amount, processing capacity etc. occupies the leading place in the whole country, and is in production
Ensure that national food security has done outstanding contributions.
Mung bean belongs to pulse family, and Papillionoideae, happiness temperature light is barren-resistant, suitable for being planted in arid area.Mung bean purposes is wide,
It is grain, dish, medicine, raises dual-purpose crop, " the green pearl " being described as in grain, and nutritive value enriches, according to analyzing its protein
Content be 2~3 times of wheat, millet, corn and sorghum, contained essential amino acid and inorganic salts amount is all remarkably higher than it
Its cereal.One of food sources necessary to mung bean is people's life, demand increasingly increases.
Currently, under common cultivation pattern, corn and mung bean use the planting patterns of nonoculture continuous cropping or crop rotation substantially, and make
The long-term continuous cropping of thing can cause soil physical property significantly to deteriorate, and be unfavorable for the growth of same origin.For example, in Jilin Province of China
" gold " corn belt, the time limit of continuous corn cropping are up to 20 years, partly up to 30 years, have produced serious continuous cropping obstacle, outstanding behaviours
：1. pest and disease damage aggravates；2. soil secondary salinization and acidifying；4. 3. nutrient balance destroys plant Auto toxicity, soil
The deterioration of the ecological environment；5. influenceing the marketing quality of crop, while also govern the raising of yield.
Two crops a year or 2 years three cultivated land areas in the North China Plain, more implantation methods using nonoculture or crop rotation, no matter
It is that northeast is harvested for one time each year area or Huang-Huai-Hai Duo Shu areas and uses small line-spacing implantation methods, the Planting Row Distance of corn is mostly 58~
65cm, 30~40cm of mung bean, and small line-spacing same origin nonoculture, blade spatially plant by mutual serious shielding, especially corn
The large-scale crop of plant height, to natural resources and soil moisture, the intensified competition of nutrient between late growth stage individual, early ageing easily occurs,
The serious utilization ratio built up with the resource such as agriculture light, heat for constraining seed.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to solve existing corn, mung bean implantation methods light, thermal resource underutilization, soil nutrient elements consumption
Uneven, the problem of crop yield is low, deficiency in economic performance, there is provided the cultural method made between a kind of corn and mung bean.
The cultural method made between corn and mung bean of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
First, fine site preparation：Before sowing, it is desirable to the thin rake of deep ploughing, lump of earth of raking, make loosing soil, suppression in time, shape after broadcasting
Into middle empty lower real soil structures are tightened, retain and conserve soil moisture, beneficial to full stand, robust seedling, disposably save seedling from damage；
2nd, from improved seeds：Corn is from high-quality, high yield, stable yields, disease-resistant, pest-resistant, lodging tolerance is strong, High planting
And the variety type that commodity is good；Mung bean should according to locality natural conditions, soil fertility and commodity value, select erect type,
Resistance to close, high yield, the improved seeds of good stress resistance；
3rd, rational close planting：Rational close planting is to give full play to soil, the efficiency of fertilizer, water, light, air and heat, by adjusting unit
Relation in area between individual and colony, make ontogeny healthy and strong, population growth is coordinated, and reaches the purpose of high yield；Select resistance to
The strong corn variety of close property, density of keeping a full stand of seedings are 6.5~7.0 ten thousand plants/hectare, and mung bean is kept a full stand of seedings plant/hectare of density 10.5~120,000；
4th, the field of corn and mung bean intercropping culture method is laid out：In the layout of field, plot is by multiple " corns/mung bean
Construction unit " forms, and each construction unit is made up of a narrow row and a wide row, and the narrow row width is 30cm, narrow row kind
Two row corns are planted, the wide row width is 100cm, two row mung beans is planted among wide row, (such as Fig. 1, X represent one to line-spacing 40cm
Individual " corn/mung bean construction unit ", A is narrow row, and B is wide row)；The cultivation mode, according to long-stalked crops corn and short-stalked crop
Mung bean reduces spacing in the rows by suitably increasing line-spacing, optimizes the field layout of crop, reduce leaf to the difference of photo-thermal demand
Piece blocks, and improves ventilation rate in the ranks and light transmittance, has preferably coordinated crop groups growth to demands such as light, air and heats
Contradiction, and high level matches with low level, in picturesque disorder Farmland Landscape are spatially formed, create growth advantageously for plant growth
Environmental condition；
5th, science field management：Including after planting look into time fill the gaps with seedlings, thinning, final singling with guarantor unit's area Population,
The generation of disease pest and weed is reduced using technological means such as chemical weed control, pest and disease damage Synthetical prevention technology, intertillages；Intertillage can not only disappear
Go out weeds, can also abolish soil hardening, chesson, reduce evaporation, improve ground temperature, promote root nodule activity, be the one of its volume increase
Item important measures；
6th, harvest in good time：The harvest in proper late agronomic measures important as one can effectively extend material integration time, increase
Add maize grain yield, reduce the moisture content of seed, beneficial to storage and final-period management；Mung bean has more than 2/3rds to become in beanpod
It can be harvested when black, when having 70%~80% pods mature on general plant, fine day should be taken advantage of and picked in good time, otherwise, can be because splitting pod
And cause production loss.
In the cultural method made between above-mentioned corn and mung bean, fine site preparation also includes described in step 1：In crop harvesting
Straw is removed after obtaining in time, the progress autumn and winter plough site preparation, the raw-soil are translated into earth's surface, by weathering, the raw-soil can be become into mellow soil,
Good environment is provided for the robust growth of coming year crops.
In the cultural method made between above-mentioned corn and mung bean, also included from improved seeds described in step 2：Deeply
Different ecological type growing area, which is concentrated, carries out corn/mung bean Cotton Varieties by Small Farming Households Survey and Inquiry, grasps each region and promote mainly kind producing
High planting, lodging resistance, disease resistance, yielding ability, yield stability and the Regional suitability of general performance in practice, such as kind, sieve
Select the resistance, yielding ability, the preferable kind of yield stability of suitable one's respective area ecoclimatic condition.
In the cultural method made between above-mentioned corn and mung bean, corn described in step 3 and mung bean intercropping culture method
Field layout also includes：Corn is the date of seeding that begins when 5~10cm soil moistures stabilization passes through 10~12 DEG C, with 5cm depth ground temperature
When stabilization passes through 14 DEG C, for phase beginning of spring sowing mung bean；In view of mung bean breeding time is short, therefore suitable date of seeding, will be longer than corn, therefore, broadcast
Wide-and narrow-row seeder elder generation seeding corn can be used in kind arrangement of time, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows is 22.0~23.7cm；Mung bean is in jade
After planting, soil water content carries out drilling, line-spacing to rice at the 30~40% of field capacity, using small-sized mung bean seeder
40cm, spacing in the rows be 12.8~14.7cm (such as Fig. 2, z1 are spacing in the rows 22.0~23.7cm of corn, and h1 is the line-spacing 30cm of corn,
Z2 is that the spacing in the rows 12.8~14.7cm, h2 of mung bean are the line-spacing 40cm of mung bean).
In the cultural method made between above-mentioned corn and mung bean, in step 5 science field management also include：The rational application of fertilizer：
Fertilization principle is based on base manure, supplemented by top dressing, based on organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer；Chemical fertilizer total amount presses 240-150-180 (N-
P2O5-K2O) kg/ hectares apply, and phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer make base fertilizer and disposably applied, and nitrogenous fertilizer is by base manure, jointing fertilizer and the matter for spending granulated fertilizer
Measure ratio=5：3：2 ratio is carried out；Per hectare applies 15000~20000kg of decomposed manure, and site preparation is combined before broadcasting and is applied；
Deep placement is wanted in top dressing, applies depth 15cm.
The inventive method is mainly based upon using long-stalked crops corn and short-stalked crop mung bean plant type on space structure
Complementarity, " high-low-high " space structure, and the level distribution pattern of " wide-narrow-wide " are formed by, makes crop groups
Structure is optimized, ventilation and penetrating light, is advantageous to the efficient utilization of the natural resources such as light, heat；Secondly, consider Different Crop to soil
The specific difference of nutrients resource demand, and the nitrogen fixation of legume, it is possible to achieve Soil nutrient resources are persistently good for
Kang Liyong.
The present invention can be solved under current corn, mung bean cultural method, and soil nutrient elements consume unbalanced, photo-thermal moisture
Resource utilization is low and yield level is hovered the problems such as not increasing, and can increase the production of corn and mung bean in equal land area
Amount, thus, improve unit area crop production rate and planting benefit.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the present invention is based on crop plant type architectural feature, crop-environment interaction effect, Spacing form optimization, agricultural ecological
Landscape, green and healthy sustainable Advanced Idea, the modern agricultural production for having fully demonstrated " science, ecology, highly efficient and productive " are special
Point, have the characteristics that simple to operate, strong applicability, Economic and ecological effects are high, be easy to receive, the effect of increasing income it is obvious.
2. the present invention enters long-stalked crops corn (250~340cm of plant height) with short-stalked crop (50~70cm of plant height) mung bean
In the ranks make, form the space structure layout of " high-low-high ", optimize spatial distribution, be advantageous to ventilation, printing opacity, the cultivation side
Method system improves the utilization ratio to soil, moisture and photo-thermal.
3. present invention employs the planting patterns of wide-and narrow-row, narrow row Row spacing of maize 30cm, two row mung beans of wide row centre plantation
(line-spacing 40cm), configuration of the crop in field is optimized, " wide-narrow-wide " alternatively distributed horizontal layout, form the agriculture of grace
Field landscape.Compared with nonoculture cultural method, the sentiment of people can be moulded, be advantageous to beautiful rural construction.
4. present invention employs resistance to close, high yield, stable yields, improved seeds high-quality, disease-resistant, pest-resistant, lodging tolerance is strong, its
Corn nonoculture under planting density and common planting patterns is basically identical, in the case where keeping the corn not underproduction, can increase green
The yield and income of beans, the yield and benefit of crop in unit area are significantly improved, is increased production and improved productivity with the obvious advantage.
5. present invention employs the method for two kinds of crop interplantings, avoid under the long-term continuous cropping of monocrop to soil nutrient
It is single absorption and caused by nutrient lack, be advantageous to soil ecology functional rehabilitation；On the other hand, the intercropping mode, expands indirectly
The big cultivated area of rain fed crops, can improve effective supply of the current food processing industry to rain fed crops demand.
By using and testing for many years, in the case where keeping the corn not underproduction, per hectare can increase mung bean yield
1000~1300 kilograms, the yield and benefit of crop in unit area are significantly improved, is increased production and improved productivity with the obvious advantage.
The inventive method is applied to the Northeast of China or other suitable corns, the region of mung bean plantation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is corn mung bean intercropping culture method mode figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is corn of the present invention, mung bean planting spacing schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to act embodiment set forth below, in addition between each embodiment
Any combination.
Embodiment one：The cultural method made between present embodiment corn and mung bean, comprises the following steps：
First, fine site preparation：Before sowing, it is desirable to the thin rake of deep ploughing, suppressed after broadcasting, formed and tighten middle empty lower real soil structures,
Retain and conserve soil moisture；
2nd, from improved seeds：Corn is from high-quality, high yield, stable yields, disease-resistant, pest-resistant, lodging tolerance is strong, High planting
And the variety type that commodity is good；Mung bean should according to locality natural conditions, soil fertility and commodity value, select erect type,
Resistance to close, high yield, the improved seeds of good stress resistance；
3rd, rational close planting：Corn and mung bean are sowed, corn density of keeping a full stand of seedings is 6.5~7.0 ten thousand plants/hectare, and mung bean is kept a full stand of seedings
Plant/hectare of density 10.5~120,000；
4th, the field of corn and mung bean intercropping culture method is laid out：In the layout of field, plot is by multiple " corns/mung bean
Construction unit " forms, and each construction unit is made up of a narrow row and a wide row, and the narrow row width is 30cm, narrow row kind
Two row corns are planted, the wide row width is 100cm, and two row mung beans, line-spacing 40cm are planted among wide row；
5th, science field management：Including after planting look into time fill the gaps with seedlings, thinning, final singling with guarantor unit's area Population,
Using chemical weed control, pest and disease damage Synthetical prevention technology, intertillage and the rational application of fertilizer；Above field management method is conventional side
Method；
6th, harvest in good time：Mung bean harvests when beanpod has more than 2/3rds blackening, selects fine day to pick.
Present embodiment changes traditional small line-spacing planting patterns, is adopted as wide-narrow row planting cultivation mode, narrow row corn
Line-spacing 30cm, two row mung beans (line-spacing 40cm) of wide row centre plantation, optimizes configuration of the crop in field, is formed " wide-narrow-wide "
Alternatively distributed horizontal layout.Under the planting patterns, the row spacing of wide row reaches 100cm, expands crop production colony edge effect,
" every trade is side row " is realized, is advantageous to ventilation, printing opacity, especially improves the light interception amount of corn middle and lower part blade, more
Be advantageous to the accumulation of photosynthate.
In addition, the wide-narrow row planting topology layout of present embodiment, wide row is easy to agricultural relative to the plantation of conventional uniform ridge
The farm work of machinery, such as fertilising and spraying pesticide, are advantageous to improve agrotechnical field arrival rate, advantageously in height
The realization of production and suitable for intensive agriculture plant.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment is unlike embodiment one：Corn variety is in step 2
" good beautiful 11 ", " favorable to the people 33 " or " enlightening card 516 ", and percentage of seedgermination >=95%, purity >=98%, cleanliness >=98%；Mung bean product
Kind is " white green No. 8 ", " white green No. 9 " or " parrot green 522 ".It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment is unlike embodiment one or two：Before being sowed in step 3
The debugging of seeding machinary is carried out, the planter for adjusting seeder goes out a pattern for " single double grains alternating ", to prevent due to leakage kind
And form disconnected seedling or be short of seedling.It is other identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three：It is beautiful in step 3
Rice 5~10cm soil moistures are stable pass through 10~12 DEG C when for the date of seeding that begins, when passing through 14 DEG C so that 5cm depth ground temperature is stable, be
Phase beginning of spring sowing mung bean；In view of mung bean breeding time is short, therefore suitable date of seeding, will be longer than corn, therefore, at seeding time between arrange to use
Wide-and narrow-row seeder elder generation seeding corn, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows are 22.0~23.7cm；Mung bean is after corn seeding, the soil water
Content is divided to use small-sized mung bean seeder to carry out drilling, line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 12.8 at the 30~40% of field capacity
~14.7cm.It is other identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four：Applied in step 5
Fertile principle is based on base manure, supplemented by top dressing, based on organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer；Chemical fertilizer dose is N 240kg/ hectares, P2O5
150kg/ hectares, K2O 180kg/ hectares, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer make base fertilizer and disposably applied, and nitrogenous fertilizer is by base manure, jointing fertilizer and flower grain
Mass ratio=5 of fertilizer：3：2 ratio is carried out；Other per hectare applies 15000~20000kg of decomposed manure, is combined before broadcasting
Site preparation applies；Deep placement is wanted in top dressing, applies depth 15cm.It is other identical with one of embodiment one to four.
To verify beneficial effects of the present invention, tests below is carried out：
Embodiment 1：
The cultural method made between the corn and mung bean of the present embodiment is respectively in Dehui City of Jilin Province Shanghai Experimental Demonstration Base
Pilot production is carried out, preceding stubble long-term cropping is corn, continuous cropping 24 years；After autumn harvest upper one year birch is utilized using 35 horsepowers of tractors
Formula plough carries out arrangement of ploughing.The region belongs to the continental monsoon climate in temperate zone, and 4.9 DEG C, sunshine 2609.7h of year-round average temperature is raw
2916.2 DEG C of phase effective accumulated temperature is educated, precipitation 520.1mm, the plantation of suitable corn, mung bean, is adapted to the implementation of the inventive method.
The selection of the present embodiment material therefor is as follows：
Corn variety：Corn variety selects compact plant type, lodging resistance, resistance and the preferable kind of yielding ability good beautiful 11,
By Shandong Denghai Liangyu Seeds Co., Ltd.'s seed selection；Mung bean is white green No. 8 from erect type kind, by agricultural section of Baicheng City in Jilin Province
Institute's mung bean is provided.
Corn wide-and narrow-row seeder：Jilin Condar 2BZF-2X type tillage-free finger-clamping type precision fertilizing seeders, supporting power 22
Kilowatt (30 horsepowers) above tractor, operation is hung, suitable for maize straw all standing no-tillage seeding and conventional seed planting, operation row
The row of number 2.
Mung bean seeder：Type Semi-automatic planting machine is helped from holy Shandong participants in a bridge game, continuous work per hour can sow 4~5 mu
Ground, manufactured by Qufu City Sheng Lu machinery plants.
First, fine site preparation；Before sowing, the stalk and farmland discarded object of last year crop residual are removed, is dragged using 30 horsepowers
Machine drawing drives the types of IGH-120 III (double ridges) stubble cleaner to carry out stubble-cleaning processing, then carries out rotary tillage processing using rotary cultivator, and rotary tillage is deep
Spend for 25cm, then recycling land presser suppression 2 times, it is therefore an objective to adjust the degree of packing of soil after rotary tillage, loose deep layer during top layer is tight
It is real, to retain and conserve soil moisture, beneficial to emergence.
2nd, from improved seeds：Corn selects kind good beautiful 11, purity, cleanliness >=98%, germination percentage >=95%；It is green
White green No. 8 of beans variety adoption, removes infected seed, blighted grain, Wu Li, stone bean or pea, impurity etc., make seed purity reach 98%, cleanliness >=
97%, germination percentage >=90%.
3rd, rational close planting：The debugging of seeding machinary is carried out before sowing so that the line-spacing of corn drill is adjusted to 30cm,
Spacing in the rows 23.7cm, the line-spacing of mung bean seeder is 40cm, and spacing in the rows is in 12.2cm, while the planter for adjusting seeder is " single
Double grains replace " go out a pattern, form disconnected seedling to prevent due to leakage kind or be short of seedling.
4th, the field of corn and mung bean intercropping culture method layout control：Whole plot is by multiple " corns/mung bean structure
Unit " is formed, and each " construction unit " is made up of a narrow row and a wide row.Condar board width is used on May 5th, 2014
Row seeder carries out seeding corn, and line-spacing 30cm, depth of planting 4cm, material is thus formed multiple " corns/mung bean construction unit "
The general layout of parallel arrangement, type Semi-automatic planting machine was helped to be sowed in wide row using holy Shandong participants in a bridge game May 17, before sowing, debugging
Line-spacing is 40cm.
5th, science field management：It is less using breadth after planting due to having carried out soil rotary tillage before corn seeding
Land presser is suppressed, to ensure Phase ofsprouting and emergence quality；Mung bean directly connects land presser when sowing, disposable to complete to apply
The work such as fertilizer, sowing, suppression, it is time saving and energy saving；Thinning is carried out in the leaf stretching period of corn 3~4, when progress occurs in first compound leaf of mung bean
Thinning, scarce mending-leakage is looked into time, corn keeps a full stand of seedings density domination in 6.5 ten thousand plants/hectare, and mung bean density of keeping a full stand of seedings is 10.8 ten thousand plants/hectare.
6th, harvest in good time：Corn enters full ripe stage for No. 20 or so in September, starts to harvest after October 5；Mung bean is in yellow pod
During with black pod book up to 90%, sprayed manually from 40% 300 times of liquid of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, after spraying 10d, Catalase jaundice is withered,
Harvested using cropper.
The cultural methods of two kinds of crop interplantings of corn mung bean, through inventor, this using and testing for several years, is keeping corn
In the case of the not underproduction, per hectare can increase by 1000~1300 kilograms of mung bean yield, significantly improve crop in unit area
Yield and benefit, increase production and improve productivity with the obvious advantage, simultaneously as mung bean root nodule has nitrogen fixation, for a long time using the cultivation side
Method is advantageous to the recovery and lifting of soil fertility (mainly nitrogen).
It can be achieved based on current agricultural machinery in addition, the corn based on this method, mung bean produce farming operations, substantially
Entire mechanization operation is realized, saving of work and time, ecological, environmental protective, increases production and improves productivity substantially, there is huge economy, society and ecology
Benefit.
Embodiment 2：
The cultural method made between the corn and mung bean of the present embodiment and Chinese patent《The method of corn-mung bean intercropping plant》
The Shanghai Experimental Demonstration Base in Dehui City of Jilin Province has carried out production to having a competition to cultural method in 201310498080.3 respectively
Test.Control is used as using the cultural method in 201310498080.3.
First, fine site preparation；Before sowing, the stalk and farmland discarded object of last year crop residual are removed, is dragged using 30 horsepowers
Machine drawing drives the types of IGH-120 III (double ridges) stubble cleaner to carry out stubble-cleaning processing, then carries out rotary tillage processing using rotary cultivator, and rotary tillage is deep
Spend for 25cm, then recycling land presser suppression 2 times.
2nd, from improved seeds：Corn selects kind good beautiful 11, purity, cleanliness >=98%, germination percentage >=95%；It is green
White green No. 8 of beans variety adoption, removes infected seed, blighted grain, Wu Li, stone bean or pea, impurity etc., make seed purity reach 98%, cleanliness >=
97%, germination percentage >=90%.
3rd, rational close planting：The debugging of seeding machinary, cultural method Row spacing of maize 30cm of the present invention, spacing in the rows are carried out before sowing
23.7cm, mung bean line-spacing are 40cm, and for spacing in the rows in 12.2cm, the Planting Row Distance of control treatment corn is 45cm, spacing in the rows 23.7cm, green
Beans Planting Row Distance is 50cm, strain 20cm.
4th, science field management：It is less using breadth after planting due to having carried out soil rotary tillage before corn seeding
Land presser is suppressed, to ensure Phase ofsprouting and emergence quality；Mung bean directly connects land presser when sowing, disposable to complete to apply
The work such as fertilizer, sowing, suppression, it is time saving and energy saving；Thinning is carried out in the leaf stretching period of corn 3~4, when progress occurs in first compound leaf of mung bean
Thinning, scarce mending-leakage is looked into time；Control treatment removes cane of the corncob nearby more than two panels leaf when corn stigma is soon withered
And blade, retain the two panels leaf of fringe annex, while wipe out on the basis of leaf joint the whole near corncob below two panels leaf
Blade.
5th, harvest in good time：Corn is entering full ripe stage by the end of September, starts to harvest after October 5；Mung bean is in yellow pod and black pod
When book is up to 90%, sprayed manually from 40% 300 times of liquid of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, after spraying 10d, Catalase jaundice is withered, uses receipts
Obtain machine harvest.
Through inventor, this being used and testing for several years, and cultivation mode of the invention is compared with control cultural method, corn list
Production averagely increases by more than 8.2%, and mung bean per unit area yield significantly improves unit yield, florescence profit than control increase by more than 10.4%
With CI110 plant canopies analyzer and LI6400 photosynthetic instrument measure fringe position leaf extinction coefficient, photosynthetic rate and intercellular carbon dioxide
Concentration improves 5.3%, 12.1% and 7.8% than control treatment respectively.
Claims (3)
1. the cultural method made between a kind of corn and mung bean, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
First, fine site preparation：Before sowing, it is desirable to the thin rake of deep ploughing, suppressed after broadcasting, formed and tighten middle empty lower real soil structures, water storage
Soil moisture conservation；
2nd, from improved seeds：Corn is from high-quality, high yield, stable yields, disease-resistant, pest-resistant, lodging tolerance are strong, High planting and business
The good variety type of moral character；Mung bean should according to locality natural conditions, soil fertility and commodity value, select erect type, it is resistance to it is close,
The improved seeds of high yield, good stress resistance；
3rd, rational close planting：Corn and mung bean are sowed, corn density of keeping a full stand of seedings is 6.5~7.0 ten thousand plants/hectare, and mung bean is kept a full stand of seedings density
10.5~120,000 plants/hectare；
4th, the field of corn and mung bean intercropping culture method is laid out：In the layout of field, plot is by multiple " corns/mung bean structure
Unit " is formed, and each construction unit is made up of a narrow row and a wide row, and the narrow row width is 30cm, and narrow row plants two
Row corn, the wide row width are 100cm, and two row mung beans, line-spacing 40cm are planted among wide row；
5th, science field management：Including after planting look into time fill the gaps with seedlings, thinning, final singling with guarantor unit's area Population, use
Chemical weed control, pest and disease damage Synthetical prevention technology, intertillage and the rational application of fertilizer；
6th, harvest in good time：Mung bean harvests when beanpod has more than 2/3rds blackening, selects fine day to pick；
Corn is the date of seeding that begins when 5~10cm deep soils temperature stabilization is by 10~12 DEG C in step 3, with 5cm depth ground temperature
When stabilization passes through 14 DEG C, for phase beginning of spring sowing mung bean；Wide-and narrow-row seeder elder generation seeding corn, line-spacing are used on being arranged between at seeding time
For 30cm, spacing in the rows is 22.0~23.7cm；Mung bean after corn seeding, soil water content in field capacity 30~40%
When, drilling is carried out using small-sized mung bean seeder, line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows is 12.8~14.7cm；
Fertilization principle is based on base manure, supplemented by top dressing in step 5, based on organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer；Chemical fertilizer dose is N
240kg/ hectares, P2O5150kg/ hectares, K2O 180kg/ hectares, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer make base fertilizer and disposably applied, and nitrogenous fertilizer presses base
Mass ratio=5 of fertilizer, jointing fertilizer and flower granulated fertilizer：3：2 ratio is carried out；Other per hectare application decomposed manure 15000~
20000kg, site preparation application is combined before broadcasting；Deep placement is wanted in top dressing, applies depth 15cm.
2. the cultural method made between a kind of corn according to claim 1 and mung bean, it is characterised in that corn in step 2
Kind for " good beautiful 11 ", " favorable to the people 33 " or " enlightening card 516 ", and percentage of seedgermination >=95%, purity >=98%, cleanliness >=98%；
Mung bean variety is " white green No. 8 ", " white green No. 9 " or " parrot green 522 ".
3. the cultural method made between a kind of corn according to claim 1 and mung bean, it is characterised in that sowed in step 3
The preceding debugging for carrying out seeding machinary, the planter for adjusting seeder go out a pattern for " single double grains alternating ".
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| CN106665037A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-05-17 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Cultivation method for planting corn and mung bean in same hole |
| CN106613128A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-10 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Mung bean and sorghum intercropping high-yield efficient planting method |
| CN107155460A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-15 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | The implantation methods and supporting Precision Seeding fertilizer applicator made between a kind of sesbania and wild soybean |
| CN107211712A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-29 | 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所 | Corn intercrop soybean solid composite plant method |
| CN107743841A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-03-02 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of millet |
| CN107980511A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of cultural method made between corn and potato |
| CN109997630A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-12 | 西南大学 | Make the method that bamboo beans improve sloping upland sugar grass yield and quality between a kind of utilization |
| CN111386988A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 中国农业大学 | Oat and mung bean strip intercropping planting mode and field management method |
| CN112913600A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-08 | 王泉贵 | Method for increasing yield of corn and soybean by large-proportion intercropping |
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