CN104813893A - Nuisance-free cultivation technology of grapes - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fruit tree cultivation technology, particularly to a nuisance-free cultivation technology of grapes, and belongs to the cultivation technical field of agriculture. A centennial seedless variety is selected for field planting, in late December, grape plants are trimmed in winter, lime nitrogen is used for preparing liquid to be applied to twigs, and a small simple arched shed is adopted as a facility for promoting the early cultivation of grapes; after the grape plants fructify, pure white paper bags are used for covering ears, and when the particle diameter of each grape is 2-3mm, 20000 times of gibberellin liquid is used for spraying the ears; reasonable trimming in winter, thinning of trees and thinning of ears are performed, assistant ears are removed, ear points are pinched off, grains are thinned, and the yield of per hectare is controlled to be 18-22.5t; improving the fruit positions of the plants needs to be paid attention, favorable ventilation and transmittance conditions are maintained, and the grapes are promoted to ripen in advance. The peel of the grapes cultivated by the culturing technology disclosed by the invention is green in bottom color, while maturity, the grapes are pistachio in bottom color, the peels are thin, the toughness is good, the grapes are indehiscent, the flesh of the grapes is thick, the grain is hard and crisp, the content of soluble solid contents achieves as high as 18%, the taste is sweet, the grapes have delicate fragrance, and the grapes are good in mouth feel, good in quality, and resistant to storage and transportation. The trees of the grapes are strong, branches are robust, the fructifying degree is high, the yield is high, and the disease resistance is stronger.

Description

A kind of grape non-pollution cultivation technique

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fruit tree planting technique, be specifically related to a kind of grape non-pollution cultivation technique, belong to technical field of agricultural cultivation.

Background technology

Grape is a kind of nutritious, mouthfeel is fresh and sweet, be rich in multivitamin fruit, the viticulture maturing stage is the 7-8 month, during this period, long wet weather, air humidity is large, cause the grapevine seedling particularly various damage by disease and insect of fruit ear easy infection, light then the growth affected then and output, heavy then affect Second Year result, even cause whole strain dead, in addition, be that disease and pest control spreads in rainy season, viny region dispenser is frequent, some regional 3-5 days will spray 1 agricultural chemicals, residue of pesticide are caused to exceed standard, cause grape fruit Pesticide Residues large, quality declines, very large hidden danger is carried out to food safety belt, be difficult to produce the green Table Grape of high-quality and qualified Wine grape, limit further developing of grape industry.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is, for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, to provide a kind of grape non-pollution cultivation technique.

The present invention realizes with following technical scheme: a kind of grape non-pollution cultivation technique, specifically comprises the steps:

A, select seedless Cold boiled chicken heart kind;

B, field planting seeding row spacing 0.5mx1.5m, plough deeply soil 40cm-45cm before field planting, press line-spacing trench digging, dark wide each 50cm after smooth, high-quality fertilizer 5-8kg is executed in every strain, and general calcium 0.5kg, mixes thoroughly in back-filling trench by fertilizer and soil, then field planting, waters, and plant adopts single climing training;

C, late December with 1 part of calcium cyanamide, add the warm water of 5 parts 50 DEG C-70 DEG C after cutting the grapevine seedling winter, and be constantly stirred to after dissolving completely and leave standstill 2-3 hour, be coated in by liquid on twig, painting limit, limit is stirred, and is coated in together on bearing basal shoot by the sediment of black;

D, simple and easy Small plastic shed is adopted to facilitate ealy maturing culture facility as grape, by the grapevine seedling of coated calcium cyanamide in early January button canopy overlay film, carry out the winter before button canopy to cut, plant and ground are sprayed comprehensively to the lime sulfur of Baume 5 degree, be coated with nitrolime again and break plant dormancy, then the process of button Small plastic shed is carried out to vineyard, Small plastic shed height 50cm-60cm, wide 1-1.2m, overarch with the reinforcing bar of diameter 8mm, the about 20 days canopy time of button, temperature in canopy remains on 25 DEG C-28 DEG C daytime, night 15 DEG C, night at florescence remains on 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, when temperature of shed is higher than more than 35 DEG C temperature, aeration-cooling in time, treat that the hibernaculum of more than 50% sprouts and the appearance of part inflorescence and dismountable plastic foil,

After e, grape are beared fruit, fruit ear entangles with there being the pure white paper bag that end light transmittance is high, wet resistance is strong by fruit grain expanding stage, and paper bag specification is 260mmX300mm, should arrange fruit ear before bagging, remove secondary fringe, fringe point, before bagging, reply fruit ear carries out chemicals treatment, every 10 days 1 time, totally 2 times, 1st use 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid, 2nd time use 80% is sprayed gram 8000 times of phonetic mould amine of liquid+40%, 1200 times of liquid, is sprayed fruit ear, diligent inspection during bagging, finds that broken bag should remove and mend the new bag of cover in time;

F, when fruit grain particle diameter is 2-3mm, squirt fruit ear with gibberellin 20000 times of liquid, dipping or squirt fruit ear again when fruit grain particle diameter is 4-5mm;

G, reasonable winter cut, and sparse branching dredges fringe, except secondary fringe-pinch fringe point, dredge grain, control output at per hectare 18-22.5t, and note the setting fruit position of raising plant, keep good ventilation and penetrating light condition, promotion grape ripen in advance;

The pericarp background color cultivated through the present invention is green, and be pistac time ripe, skin is thin, good toughness, not dehiscent fruit, pulp is thick, and quality is hard, crisp, soluble solid content reaches more than 18%, and taste is sweet, have fragrant, mouthfeel is good, and quality is extremely excellent, storage tolerance, uva tree vigo(u)r is strong, and branch is sturdy, Fruiting Ability is strong, and high yield, disease resistance is stronger.

Embodiment

A kind of grape non-pollution cultivation technique, specifically comprises the steps:

A, select seedless Cold boiled chicken heart kind;

B, field planting seeding row spacing 0.5mx1.5m, plough deeply soil 40cm-45cm before field planting, press line-spacing trench digging, dark wide each 50cm after smooth, high-quality fertilizer 5-8kg is executed in every strain, and general calcium 0.5kg, mixes thoroughly in back-filling trench by fertilizer and soil, then field planting, waters, and plant adopts single climing training;

C, late December with 1 part of calcium cyanamide, add the warm water of 5 parts 50 DEG C-70 DEG C after cutting the grapevine seedling winter, and be constantly stirred to after dissolving completely and leave standstill 2-3 hour, be coated in by liquid on twig, painting limit, limit is stirred, and is coated in together on bearing basal shoot by the sediment of black;

D, simple and easy Small plastic shed is adopted to facilitate ealy maturing culture facility as grape, by the grapevine seedling of coated calcium cyanamide in early January button canopy overlay film, carry out the winter before button canopy to cut, plant and ground are sprayed comprehensively to the lime sulfur of Baume 5 degree, be coated with nitrolime again and break plant dormancy, then the process of button Small plastic shed is carried out to vineyard, Small plastic shed height 50cm-60cm, wide 1-1.2m, overarch with the reinforcing bar of diameter 8mm, the about 20 days canopy time of button, temperature in canopy remains on 25 DEG C-28 DEG C daytime, night 15 DEG C, night at florescence remains on 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, when temperature of shed is higher than more than 35 DEG C temperature, aeration-cooling in time, treat that the hibernaculum of more than 50% sprouts and the appearance of part inflorescence and dismountable plastic foil,

After e, grape are beared fruit, fruit ear entangles with there being the pure white paper bag that end light transmittance is high, wet resistance is strong by fruit grain expanding stage, and paper bag specification is 260mmX300mm, should arrange fruit ear before bagging, remove secondary fringe, fringe point, before bagging, reply fruit ear carries out chemicals treatment, every 10 days 1 time, totally 2 times, 1st use 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid, 2nd time use 80% is sprayed gram 8000 times of phonetic mould amine of liquid+40%, 1200 times of liquid, is sprayed fruit ear, diligent inspection during bagging, finds that broken bag should remove and mend the new bag of cover in time;

F, when fruit grain particle diameter is 2-3mm, squirt fruit ear with gibberellin 20000 times of liquid, dipping or squirt fruit ear again when fruit grain particle diameter is 4-5mm;

G, reasonable winter cut, and sparse branching dredges fringe, except secondary fringe-pinch fringe point, dredge grain, control output at per hectare 18-22.5t, and note the setting fruit position of raising plant, keep good ventilation and penetrating light condition, promotion grape ripen in advance.

Claims (1)

1. a grape non-pollution cultivation technique, is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:

A, select seedless Cold boiled chicken heart kind;

B, field planting seeding row spacing 0.5mx1.5m, plough deeply soil 40cm-45cm before field planting, press line-spacing trench digging, dark wide each 50cm after smooth, high-quality fertilizer 5-8kg is executed in every strain, and general calcium 0.5kg, mixes thoroughly in back-filling trench by fertilizer and soil, then field planting, waters, and plant adopts single climing training;

C, late December with 1 part of calcium cyanamide, add the warm water of 5 parts 50 DEG C-70 DEG C after cutting the grapevine seedling winter, and be constantly stirred to after dissolving completely and leave standstill 2-3 hour, be coated in by liquid on twig, painting limit, limit is stirred, and is coated in together on bearing basal shoot by the sediment of black;

D, simple and easy Small plastic shed is adopted to facilitate ealy maturing culture facility as grape, by the grapevine seedling of coated calcium cyanamide in early January button canopy overlay film, carry out the winter before button canopy to cut, plant and ground are sprayed comprehensively to the lime sulfur of Baume 5 degree, be coated with nitrolime again and break plant dormancy, then the process of button Small plastic shed is carried out to vineyard, Small plastic shed height 50cm-60cm, wide 1-1.2m, overarch with the reinforcing bar of diameter 8mm, the about 20 days canopy time of button, temperature in canopy remains on 25 DEG C-28 DEG C daytime, night 15 DEG C, night at florescence remains on 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, when temperature of shed is higher than more than 35 DEG C temperature, aeration-cooling in time, treat that the hibernaculum of more than 50% sprouts and the appearance of part inflorescence and dismountable plastic foil,

After e, grape are beared fruit, fruit ear entangles with there being the pure white paper bag that end light transmittance is high, wet resistance is strong by fruit grain expanding stage, and paper bag specification is 260mmX300mm, should arrange fruit ear before bagging, remove secondary fringe, fringe point, before bagging, reply fruit ear carries out chemicals treatment, every 10 days 1 time, totally 2 times, 1st use 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid, 2nd time use 80% is sprayed gram 8000 times of phonetic mould amine of liquid+40%, 1200 times of liquid, is sprayed fruit ear, diligent inspection during bagging, finds that broken bag should remove and mend the new bag of cover in time;

F, when fruit grain particle diameter is 2-3mm, squirt fruit ear with gibberellin 20000 times of liquid, dipping or squirt fruit ear again when fruit grain particle diameter is 4-5mm;

G, reasonable winter cut, and sparse branching dredges fringe, except secondary fringe-pinch fringe point, dredge grain, control output at per hectare 18-22.5t, and note the setting fruit position of raising plant, keep good ventilation and penetrating light condition, promotion grape ripen in advance.