CN105230318A - Cultivation method for high-quality black-skin wax gourds - Google Patents
Cultivation method for high-quality black-skin wax gourds Download PDFInfo
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- CN105230318A CN105230318A CN201510756963.9A CN201510756963A CN105230318A CN 105230318 A CN105230318 A CN 105230318A CN 201510756963 A CN201510756963 A CN 201510756963A CN 105230318 A CN105230318 A CN 105230318A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for high-quality black-skin wax gourds. The cultivation method comprises the steps of 1 seedling growing, 2 land preparation and planting, 3 nutrient and water management, 4 putting up shelves and arranging vines, 5 pest control, and 6 harvesting. By means of the cultivation method, the quality and yield of the harvested black-skin wax gourds are improved, and the cultivation method is suitable for popularization and application in large-scale vegetable plantations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting field, particularly the cultivation method of a kind of high-quality casting skin wax gourd.
Background technology
Casting skin wax gourd is the one in wax gourd, only because appearance is blackish green and gain the name.Wax gourd, the cultivated species in Curcurbitaceae Benincasa, annual climber herbaceous plant.The white melon of ancient name, water sesame, pillow melon and vegetables are greasy.Fruit is for food, and some places, Southeast Asia are edible young stem and leaf also.Seed and exocarp can be used as medicine.Traditional Chinese medicine think waxgourd seed to acute appendicitis, lung carbuncle, urine leaching pain effective in cure; Exocarp treatment oedema disease.
In recent years, along with the raising of people's quality of life, medicinal and the health value of wax gourd is gradually widely cognitive, is constantly riseing for the demand of wax gourd in market, and at present, plantation flow process for casting skin wax gourd is: plant grows with climbing, seeding row spacing is rarer, and generally about every mu of plantation 300 strains, Comparison of Management is extensive, stem is climing lets alone growth or result front excision lateral bine substantially, grows arbitrarily after result; Its advantage is that worker employed in a plant nursery is few, and cost is lower; Shortcoming is that melon type is not good enough, often holds up melon; Otherwise malformed fruit rate is high; Pericarp is easily affected by the external environment and damaged, affects storage property; Light-use is low, and result sizes is uneven, and yield per unit area is lower.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the cultivation method of a kind of high-quality casting skin wax gourd, and improve the Quality and yield of casting skin wax gourd output, proper scale truck garden is applied.
For achieving the above object, the cultivation method of a kind of high-quality casting skin wax gourd that the present invention proposes, it comprises the steps:
One, nursery
1, cover soil preparation:
Adopt Seedling bag or point disk seedling growing, select containing organic abundant, short texture and not easily loose, previous crops is that the soil of non-melon crop makes seedbed soil.Seedling nutritious soil preparation available " sea champion " seaweed organic fertilizer press 4:6 proportions with bed soil, and then every 100 kilograms of Nutrition Soils prepared add outside 5 kilograms of " extra large the very best " marine alga continuous cropping and mix, and get final product sabot (cup).
Adopt seedbed nursery, every square metre of seedbed " sea champion " marine alga continuous cropping agent 100 grams, adds dry fine earth 30-50 kilogram and mixes thoroughly, and be sprinkling upon on furrow face with the process soil of 1/3 before sowing and make pad soil, after planting the process soil of 2/3 covers on seed as earthing.The Nutrition Soil prepared can promote to emerge, and improves improving activity of root system, prevents seedbed disease.
2, begin sowing in good time: spring planting date of seeding is the 12-3 month, fall planting date of seeding is the 6-7 month.Spring planting adopts nursery transplanting mode better, favourable cold-proof nursery, and fall planting adopts bud to broadcast better.Employing nursery transplant, after presoaking and germinating, use nutrition cup nursery, true leaf launch after select fine warm weather to move to field planting, fall planting after seed soaking, vernalization, seed dressing just can program request to land for growing field crops.
3, vernalization seed dressing, sowing: the minimum temperature that casting skin gourd seed germinates is more than 15 DEG C, (particularly early spring) temperature of sowing in spring is low, and germinate slowly, therefore seed need through process such as seed soaking, vernalization, seed dressings, both be conducive to seed sprouting like this, can carry out disinfection to seed again.Specific practice: with 55 DEG C of water seed soakings 15 minutes before sowing, then normal temperature continues the 10-12 hour that soaks seed, and has got and to have needed vernalization at 28-32 DEG C of temperature after draining.Dressing after sprouting, every mu of (667 square metres) sowing quantity uses " sea champion " marine alga continuous cropping agent 250-300 gram to be sprinkling upon on seed, and shake makes seed evenly be stained with gently, slightly dries in the air and can sow.Preferably evenly can put seed according to during the nursery of seedbed, make about 10 centimeters, seed interval, have very large benefit like this: one is to cultivate healthy and strong melon seedling; Two is not easy damaged root systems (because wax gourd is transplanted of the right age for 5-6 sheet leaf, root system is more flourishing) when transplanting.
4, seedling management: coming up and growing 2 true leaves starts, foliage-spray " sea champion 818 " plant bodyguard 1000 times of liquid, 10-15 days once.Field planting uses " sea champion 818 " root-growing agent 800-1000 times liquid to carry out filling root the previous day, and when being conducive to transplanting, protection root system, promotes root system development, shortens seedling-slowing stage.Spring planting nursery, needs to carry out hardening before transplantation.Within first about 5 days, control trickle in field planting, promote that root growth is flourishing, and ventilate to large ventilation according to Ying Cong little, until the principle of all taking off film for 2-3 days before field planting carries out hardening, alleviate and plant wound, improve survival rate.
Two, whole ground field planting: wax gourd spring planting, vegetative period is just as rainy season, and wax gourd extremely intolerant to waterlogging, when continuous rainwater, field ponding are serious, wax gourd resistance is low, easily catches an illness, can rotten, dead seedling time serious.So spring planting wax gourd, select high-land, draining is convenient, soil layer is deep sandy loam or clay loam, play the plantation of high furrow.
1, soil disinfection: soil carbendazim and topsin sterilization (spread manuer in holes every mu of consumption 1.5kg), effectively can prevent wax gourd fusarium wilt (soil passes).
2, plastic mulching: provide the environmental conditions such as more superior temperature, light, water, fertilizer, soil, promotes the growth of wax gourd root system and plant, alleviates causing harm of disease worm and cold, arid, heavy rain etc., can increase production 30%-50%.Mulch film adularescent, black and silver gray etc.White films heats effective, but weeds easily grow, and first will spray a preemergence herbicide, as butachlor, Acetochlor before overlay film.It is slightly poor that black film heats effect, but can prevent weed growth.Silver gray film energy repellent aphid, reduces generation and the propagation of virus disease.
3, field planting: single file, spacing in the rows 0.8-1 rice.
Three, rich water quality management:
1, in sowing time: based on organic manure, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary; Based on base manure, it is auxiliary for topdressing.Every mu, base manure executes 300-500 kilogram of organic commercial fertilizer or high-quality Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 80-100 kilogram.
2, seedling stage: seedling stage is mainly fertile based on high N, but the ratio of N, P, K can not too unbalance (more than N:K >=3 such as 25-7-8,18-5-6), otherwise the excessive growth of melon seedling can be caused, and cause dead seedling.The fertile mu of the proportionings such as 24-6-12,21-6-13 executes 10-15 kilogram, and promotion is stretched climing, is beneficial to the formation of female flower and sits melon.
3, stretch the climing phase: wax gourd stretches the climing phase, water requirement is comparatively large, and keep ground moistening, draining is noted in rainwater sky.Stretch climing phase fertilizer fertile by the fertile steering balance of high N gradually, increase K content.The composite fertilizers such as 15-15-15,16-16-16,17-8-15.After first female flower is open, control fertile control water, prevents excessive growth.Stretch sprayable bactericide prevention of climing phase wax gourd disease.High or the Pu Like of first holder water+generation or carbendazim or metalaxyl etc.
4, bloom, tie the melon phase: after wax gourd flowering and fruit bearing, mainly fertile based on high K, but the content of N can not too low (as the fertilizer of 11-6-23 equal proportion, N content be lower than 15, be unfavorable for the growth of wax gourd), more rational high K fertilizer has 16-9-20,16-9-21,17-8-21 etc.This period applies fertilizer, front light after heavy, melon weighs about 4 kilograms, and mu pursues high K composite fertilizer 40 kilograms, also can foliage-spray potash fertilizer, because wax gourd expanding stage needs potassium maximum.Flowering stage does not generally water or waters less.Melon and fruit expanding stage water requirement is maximum, should keep ground moistening, to ensure output.Draining is noted in rainwater sky, prevents ponding.Receive melon first 10 days, should moisture be controlled, in order to storage.This sterilization and disinsection prevention in period might as well be crucial.
Four, built is whole climing:
1, built: adopt skeleton Long Genfa, is barricaded as skeleton with 2 or 3 bamboos more, above crossbearer bamboo pole as imperial root.When 3-4 kilogram grown up by melon, entangle melon handle with rope, tie up on imperial root.
2, pluck climing: wax gourd is main climing knot melon generally, therefore, is concentrated nutrient, and main climing the nourishing and growing of supply, should extract lateral bine in time, is conducive to ventilation and penetrating light, propagates pollination, reduces disease and occur.Before present melon, all lateral bines are extractd.After children's melon is selected, the female flower grown again should be extractd.After staying melon, top is extractd after being elongated to 10 joints again by climing seedling, real with concentrated nutrient supply melon.
3, keep down the vines of a creeping plant: wax gourd stem is climing sturdy, the knot melon phase is long, easily produces the feature of adventive root, pay attention to keeping down the vines of a creeping plant according to wax gourd eustipes part.The burden of frame can be alleviated, prevent typhoon from blowing and blow down canopy, strengthen internode adventive root and inhale fertile water absorbing capacity, expand absorption area, extend the melon climing life-span.Method: select fine day, looped in the furrow face of every strain melon vine in spacing in the rows, keep down the vines of a creeping plant once every 3-4 joint, 3-4 place of keeping down the vines of a creeping plant altogether, when keeping down the vines of a creeping plant, will basset in blade and the large portion of petiole.
4, draw climing: draw climing added when wax gourd grows 16-18 joint, carry out according to the direction of furrow when drawing climing, around support turn-take counterclockwise draw climing added, plannedly guide west into by climing for melon, the melon leaf of itself is utilized to block fruit, with a western exposure to reduce sunlight, avoid wax gourd of burning.
Five, the extermination of disease and insect pest: casting skin wax gourd Major Diseases is damping off, fusarium wilt, epidemic disease, downy mildew etc.Their early stage, with chemical controls such as the withered spirit of green grass or young crops, copper great master, mancozeb, tpns.Insect pest mainly contains thrips, cabbage caterpillar, Liriomyza, aulacophora femoralis etc.Thrips can prevent and treat with person who has rendered outstanding service, and the cabbage caterpillar happy medicament that waits of farmland is sprayed, and Liriomyza can be sprayed with a gram moth treasured.Deinsectization principle be desinsection per week once, with or without insect pest all to spray medicine control, rely mainly on prevention, also can bactericide used in combination.
Six, gather: latter 30 ~ 35 days of casting skin wax gourd pollination, when curcumbitate grows to ninety percent large left and right, can listing be plucked.
The cultivation method of a kind of high-quality casting skin wax gourd proposed by the invention, improve the Quality and yield of casting skin wax gourd output, proper scale truck garden is applied.
Embodiment
A cultivation method for high-quality casting skin wax gourd, it comprises the steps:
One, nursery
2, cover soil preparation:
Adopt Seedling bag or point disk seedling growing, select containing organic abundant, short texture and not easily loose, previous crops is that the soil of non-melon crop makes seedbed soil.Seedling nutritious soil preparation available " sea champion " seaweed organic fertilizer press 4:6 proportions with bed soil, and then every 100 kilograms of Nutrition Soils prepared add outside 5 kilograms of " extra large the very best " marine alga continuous cropping and mix, and get final product sabot (cup).
Adopt seedbed nursery, every square metre of seedbed " sea champion " marine alga continuous cropping agent 100 grams, adds dry fine earth 30-50 kilogram and mixes thoroughly, and be sprinkling upon on furrow face with the process soil of 1/3 before sowing and make pad soil, after planting the process soil of 2/3 covers on seed as earthing.The Nutrition Soil prepared can promote to emerge, and improves improving activity of root system, prevents seedbed disease.
2, begin sowing in good time: spring planting date of seeding is the 12-3 month, fall planting date of seeding is the 6-7 month.Spring planting adopts nursery transplanting mode better, favourable cold-proof nursery, and fall planting adopts bud to broadcast better.Employing nursery transplant, after presoaking and germinating, use nutrition cup nursery, true leaf launch after select fine warm weather to move to field planting, fall planting after seed soaking, vernalization, seed dressing just can program request to land for growing field crops.
3, vernalization seed dressing, sowing: the minimum temperature that casting skin gourd seed germinates is more than 15 DEG C, (particularly early spring) temperature of sowing in spring is low, and germinate slowly, therefore seed need through process such as seed soaking, vernalization, seed dressings, both be conducive to seed sprouting like this, can carry out disinfection to seed again.Specific practice: with 55 DEG C of water seed soakings 15 minutes before sowing, then normal temperature continues the 10-12 hour that soaks seed, and has got and to have needed vernalization at 28-32 DEG C of temperature after draining.Dressing after sprouting, every mu of (667 square metres) sowing quantity uses " sea champion " marine alga continuous cropping agent 250-300 gram to be sprinkling upon on seed, and shake makes seed evenly be stained with gently, slightly dries in the air and can sow.Preferably evenly can put seed according to during the nursery of seedbed, make about 10 centimeters, seed interval, have very large benefit like this: one is to cultivate healthy and strong melon seedling; Two is not easy damaged root systems (because wax gourd is transplanted of the right age for 5-6 sheet leaf, root system is more flourishing) when transplanting.
4, seedling management: coming up and growing 2 true leaves starts, foliage-spray " sea champion 818 " plant bodyguard 1000 times of liquid, 10-15 days once.Field planting uses " sea champion 818 " root-growing agent 800-1000 times liquid to carry out filling root the previous day, and when being conducive to transplanting, protection root system, promotes root system development, shortens seedling-slowing stage.Spring planting nursery, needs to carry out hardening before transplantation.Within first about 5 days, control trickle in field planting, promote that root growth is flourishing, and ventilate to large ventilation according to Ying Cong little, until the principle of all taking off film for 2-3 days before field planting carries out hardening, alleviate and plant wound, improve survival rate.
Two, whole ground field planting: wax gourd spring planting, vegetative period is just as rainy season, and wax gourd extremely intolerant to waterlogging, when continuous rainwater, field ponding are serious, wax gourd resistance is low, easily catches an illness, can rotten, dead seedling time serious.So spring planting wax gourd, select high-land, draining is convenient, soil layer is deep sandy loam or clay loam, play the plantation of high furrow.
1, soil disinfection: soil carbendazim and topsin sterilization (spread manuer in holes every mu of consumption 1.5kg), effectively can prevent wax gourd fusarium wilt (soil passes).
2, plastic mulching: provide the environmental conditions such as more superior temperature, light, water, fertilizer, soil, promotes the growth of wax gourd root system and plant, alleviates causing harm of disease worm and cold, arid, heavy rain etc., can increase production 30%-50%.Mulch film adularescent, black and silver gray etc.White films heats effective, but weeds easily grow, and first will spray a preemergence herbicide, as butachlor, Acetochlor before overlay film.It is slightly poor that black film heats effect, but can prevent weed growth.Silver gray film energy repellent aphid, reduces generation and the propagation of virus disease.
3, field planting: single file, spacing in the rows 0.8-1 rice.
Three, rich water quality management:
1, in sowing time: based on organic manure, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary; Based on base manure, it is auxiliary for topdressing.Every mu, base manure executes 300-500 kilogram of organic commercial fertilizer or high-quality Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 80-100 kilogram.
2, seedling stage: seedling stage is mainly fertile based on high N, but the ratio of N, P, K can not too unbalance (more than N:K >=3 such as 25-7-8,18-5-6), otherwise the excessive growth of melon seedling can be caused, and cause dead seedling.The fertile mu of the proportionings such as 24-6-12,21-6-13 executes 10-15 kilogram, and promotion is stretched climing, is beneficial to the formation of female flower and sits melon.
3, stretch the climing phase: wax gourd stretches the climing phase, water requirement is comparatively large, and keep ground moistening, draining is noted in rainwater sky.Stretch climing phase fertilizer fertile by the fertile steering balance of high N gradually, increase K content.The composite fertilizers such as 15-15-15,16-16-16,17-8-15.After first female flower is open, control fertile control water, prevents excessive growth.Stretch sprayable bactericide prevention of climing phase wax gourd disease.High or the Pu Like of first holder water+generation or carbendazim or metalaxyl etc.
4, bloom, tie the melon phase: after wax gourd flowering and fruit bearing, mainly fertile based on high K, but the content of N can not too low (as the fertilizer of 11-6-23 equal proportion, N content be lower than 15, be unfavorable for the growth of wax gourd), more rational high K fertilizer has 16-9-20,16-9-21,17-8-21 etc.This period applies fertilizer, front light after heavy, melon weighs about 4 kilograms, and mu pursues high K composite fertilizer 40 kilograms, also can foliage-spray potash fertilizer, because wax gourd expanding stage needs potassium maximum.Flowering stage does not generally water or waters less.Melon and fruit expanding stage water requirement is maximum, should keep ground moistening, to ensure output.Draining is noted in rainwater sky, prevents ponding.Receive melon first 10 days, should moisture be controlled, in order to storage.This sterilization and disinsection prevention in period might as well be crucial.
Four, built is whole climing:
1, built: adopt skeleton Long Genfa, is barricaded as skeleton with 2 or 3 bamboos more, above crossbearer bamboo pole as imperial root.When 3-4 kilogram grown up by melon, entangle melon handle with rope, tie up on imperial root.
2, pluck climing: wax gourd is main climing knot melon generally, therefore, is concentrated nutrient, and main climing the nourishing and growing of supply, should extract lateral bine in time, is conducive to ventilation and penetrating light, propagates pollination, reduces disease and occur.Before present melon, all lateral bines are extractd.After children's melon is selected, the female flower grown again should be extractd.After staying melon, top is extractd after being elongated to 10 joints again by climing seedling, real with concentrated nutrient supply melon.
3, keep down the vines of a creeping plant: wax gourd stem is climing sturdy, the knot melon phase is long, easily produces the feature of adventive root, pay attention to keeping down the vines of a creeping plant according to wax gourd eustipes part.The burden of frame can be alleviated, prevent typhoon from blowing and blow down canopy, strengthen internode adventive root and inhale fertile water absorbing capacity, expand absorption area, extend the melon climing life-span.Method: select fine day, looped in the furrow face of every strain melon vine in spacing in the rows, keep down the vines of a creeping plant once every 3-4 joint, 3-4 place of keeping down the vines of a creeping plant altogether, when keeping down the vines of a creeping plant, will basset in blade and the large portion of petiole.
4, draw climing: draw climing added when wax gourd grows 16-18 joint, carry out according to the direction of furrow when drawing climing, around support turn-take counterclockwise draw climing added, plannedly guide west into by climing for melon, the melon leaf of itself is utilized to block fruit, with a western exposure to reduce sunlight, avoid wax gourd of burning.
Five, the extermination of disease and insect pest: casting skin wax gourd Major Diseases is damping off, fusarium wilt, epidemic disease, downy mildew etc.Their early stage, with chemical controls such as the withered spirit of green grass or young crops, copper great master, mancozeb, tpns.Insect pest mainly contains thrips, cabbage caterpillar, Liriomyza, aulacophora femoralis etc.Thrips can prevent and treat with person who has rendered outstanding service, and the cabbage caterpillar happy medicament that waits of farmland is sprayed, and Liriomyza can be sprayed with a gram moth treasured.Deinsectization principle be desinsection per week once, with or without insect pest all to spray medicine control, rely mainly on prevention, also can bactericide used in combination.
Six, gather: latter 30 ~ 35 days of casting skin wax gourd pollination, when curcumbitate grows to ninety percent large left and right, can listing be plucked.
The cultivation method of a kind of high-quality casting skin wax gourd proposed by the invention, improve the Quality and yield of casting skin wax gourd output, proper scale truck garden is applied.
Claims (1)
1. a cultivation method for high-quality casting skin wax gourd, it comprises the steps:
One, nursery
1, cover soil preparation:
Adopt Seedling bag or point disk seedling growing, select containing organic abundant, short texture and not easily loose, previous crops is that the soil of non-melon crop makes seedbed soil, available " sea champion " seaweed organic fertilizer of seedling nutritious soil preparation and bed soil press 4:6 proportions, then every 100 kilograms of Nutrition Soils prepared add outside 5 kilograms of " sea champion " marine alga continuous cropping and mix, and get final product sabot/cup;
Adopt seedbed nursery, every square metre of seedbed " sea champion " marine alga continuous cropping agent 100 grams, add dry fine earth 30-50 kilogram to mix thoroughly, be sprinkling upon on furrow face with the process soil of 1/3 before sowing and make pad soil, after planting the process soil of 2/3 covers on seed as earthing, the Nutrition Soil prepared can promote to emerge, and improves improving activity of root system, prevents seedbed disease;
2, begin sowing in good time: spring planting date of seeding is the 12-3 month, fall planting date of seeding is the 6-7 month, spring planting adopts nursery transplanting mode better, favourable cold-proof nursery, fall planting adopts bud to broadcast better, adopts nursery to transplant, after presoaking and germinating, use nutrition cup nursery, true leaf launch after select fine warm weather to move to field planting, fall planting after seed soaking, vernalization, seed dressing just can program request to land for growing field crops;
3, vernalization is dressed seed, sowing: the minimum temperature that casting skin gourd seed germinates is more than 15 DEG C, spring sowing temperature is low, germinate slowly, therefore seed need through seed soaking, vernalization, the process such as seed dressing, both seed sprouting is conducive to like this, can carry out disinfection to seed again, specific practice: sow front 55 DEG C of water seed soakings 15 minutes, then normal temperature continues seed soaking 10-12 hour, get and after draining, to have needed vernalization at 28-32 DEG C of temperature, Dressing after sprouting, every mu of sowing quantity uses " sea champion " marine alga continuous cropping agent 250-300 gram to be sprinkling upon on seed, shake makes seed evenly be stained with gently, slightly dry in the air and can sow, preferably evenly seed can be put according to during the nursery of seedbed, make about 10 centimeters, seed interval,
4, seedling management: coming up and growing 2 true leaves starts, foliage-spray " sea champion 818 " plant bodyguard 1000 times of liquid, 10-15 days once, field planting uses " sea champion 818 " root-growing agent 800-1000 times liquid to carry out filling root the previous day, protection root system when being conducive to transplanting, promote root system development, shorten seedling-slowing stage, spring planting nursery, need before transplantation to carry out hardening, within first about 5 days, trickle is controlled in field planting, promote that root growth is flourishing, and ventilate to large ventilation according to Ying Cong little, until the principle of all taking off film for 2-3 days before field planting carries out hardening, alleviate and plant wound, improve survival rate,
Two, whole ground field planting: wax gourd spring planting, vegetative period is just as rainy season, and wax gourd extremely intolerant to waterlogging, when continuous rainwater, field ponding are serious, wax gourd resistance is low, easily catch an illness, can rotten, dead seedling time serious, so, spring planting wax gourd, select high-land, draining is convenient, soil layer is deep sandy loam or clay loam, play the plantation of high furrow;
1, soil disinfection: soil carbendazim and topsin sterilization, can effectively prevent wax gourd fusarium wilt;
2, plastic mulching: the environmental conditions such as more superior temperature, light, water, fertilizer, soil are provided, promote the growth of wax gourd root system and plant, alleviate causing harm of disease worm and cold, arid, heavy rain etc., 30%-50% can be increased production, mulch film adularescent, black and silver gray etc., white films heats effective, but weeds easily grow, a preemergence herbicide first will be sprayed before overlay film, as butachlor, Acetochlor, it is slightly poor that black film heats effect, but can prevent weed growth, silver gray film energy repellent aphid, reduces generation and the propagation of virus disease;
3, field planting: single file, spacing in the rows 0.8-1 rice;
Three, rich water quality management:
1, in sowing time: based on organic manure, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary; Based on base manure, it is auxiliary for topdressing, and every mu, base manure executes 300-500 kilogram of organic commercial fertilizer or high-quality Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 80-100 kilogram;
2, seedling stage: seedling stage is mainly fertile based on high N, but the ratio of N, P, K can not be too unbalance, otherwise can cause the excessive growth of melon seedling, and causes dead seedling, and the fertile mu of the proportionings such as 24-6-12,21-6-13 executes 10-15 kilogram, and promotion is stretched climing, is beneficial to the formation of female flower and sits melon;
3, the climing phase is stretched: wax gourd stretches the climing phase, water requirement is larger, keep ground moistening, draining is noted in rainwater sky, stretches climing phase fertilizer fertile by the fertile steering balance of high N gradually, increase K content, the composite fertilizers such as 15-15-15,16-16-16,17-8-15, after first female flower is open, control fertile control water, prevents excessive growth, stretch sprayable bactericide prevention of climing phase wax gourd disease, the high or Pu Like of Jia Tuoshui+generation or carbendazim or metalaxyl etc.;
4, bloom, the knot melon phase: after wax gourd flowering and fruit bearing, mainly fertile based on high K, but the content of N can not be too low, more rational high K fertilizer has 16-9-20, 16-9-21, 17-8-21 etc., this period applies fertilizer, front light rear heavy, melon weighs about 4 kilograms, mu pursues high K composite fertilizer 40 kilograms, also can foliage-spray potash fertilizer, because wax gourd expanding stage needs potassium maximum, flowering stage does not generally water or waters less, melon and fruit expanding stage water requirement is maximum, ground moistening should be kept, to ensure output, draining is noted in rainwater sky, prevent ponding, receive melon first 10 days, moisture should be controlled, in order to storage, this sterilization and disinsection prevention in period might as well be crucial,
Four, built is whole climing:
1, built: adopt skeleton Long Genfa, is barricaded as skeleton with 2 or 3 bamboos more, above crossbearer bamboo pole as imperial root, when 3-4 kilogram grown up by melon, entangle melon handle with rope, tie up on imperial root;
2, pluck climing: wax gourd is main climing knot melon generally, therefore, be concentrated nutrient, main climing the nourishing and growing of supply, lateral bine should be extractd in time, be conducive to ventilation and penetrating light, propagate pollination, reduce disease generation, before present melon, all lateral bines are extractd, after young melon is selected, the female flower grown again should be extractd, after staying melon, top is extractd after being elongated to 10 joints again by climing seedling, real with concentrated nutrient supply melon;
3, keep down the vines of a creeping plant: wax gourd stem is climing sturdy, the knot melon phase is long, easily produces the feature of adventive root according to wax gourd eustipes part, pay attention to keeping down the vines of a creeping plant, the burden of frame can be alleviated, prevent typhoon from blowing and blow down canopy, strengthen internode adventive root and inhale fertile water absorbing capacity, expand absorption area, extend the melon climing life-span, method: select fine day, is looped in the furrow face of every strain melon vine in spacing in the rows, keep down the vines of a creeping plant once every 3-4 joint, 3-4 place of keeping down the vines of a creeping plant altogether, when keeping down the vines of a creeping plant, will basset in blade and the large portion of petiole;
4, draw climing: draw climing added when wax gourd grows 16-18 joint, carry out according to the direction of furrow when drawing climing, around support turn-take counterclockwise draw climing added, plannedly guide west into by climing for melon, the melon leaf of itself is utilized to block fruit, with a western exposure to reduce sunlight, avoid wax gourd of burning;
Five, the extermination of disease and insect pest: casting skin wax gourd Major Diseases is damping off, fusarium wilt, epidemic disease, downy mildew etc., their early stage, with chemical controls such as the withered spirit of green grass or young crops, copper great master, mancozeb, tpns, insect pest mainly contains thrips, cabbage caterpillar, Liriomyza, aulacophora femoralis etc., thrips can prevent and treat with person who has rendered outstanding service, the cabbage caterpillar happy medicament that waits of farmland is sprayed, Liriomyza can be sprayed with a gram moth treasured, deinsectization principle be desinsection per week once, medicine control all will be sprayed with or without insect pest, rely mainly on prevention, also can bactericide used in combination;
Six, gather: latter 30 ~ 35 days of casting skin wax gourd pollination, when curcumbitate grows to ninety percent large left and right, can listing be plucked.
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| CN106342532A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 茂名华绿农牧科技有限公司 | White gourd planting method |
| CN106376332A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-08 | 马健 | Plantation method for a high-ferro white gourd |
| CN106717893A (en) * | 2016-12-11 | 2017-05-31 | 陈培党 | A kind of casting skin wax gourd plastic mulching cultivation technology method |
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| CN110476732A (en) * | 2019-09-13 | 2019-11-22 | 刘善勇 | A kind of vegetables efficiency cultivation technology for high method |
| CN111149633A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-15 | 泸溪县湘锦农业科技发展有限公司 | New variety introduction and high-yield cultivation technology for white gourd |
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| CN105815096A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-03 | 固镇县绿禾家庭农场 | High-yield white gourd planting method |
| CN107535286A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-01-05 | 镇江三龙生态农业发展有限公司 | The cultural method of anti-season wax gourd |
| CN106211986A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 东莞市香蕉蔬菜研究所 | The cultural method of a kind of Fructus Benincasae and gather and store and transport |
| CN106342532A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 茂名华绿农牧科技有限公司 | White gourd planting method |
| CN106376332A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-08 | 马健 | Plantation method for a high-ferro white gourd |
| CN106717771A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 蚌埠市涂山绿园蔬菜科研专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods for improving calcium content in wax gourd |
| CN106717808A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 刘雄 | Wax gourd implantation methods |
| CN106717893A (en) * | 2016-12-11 | 2017-05-31 | 陈培党 | A kind of casting skin wax gourd plastic mulching cultivation technology method |
| CN106717892A (en) * | 2016-12-11 | 2017-05-31 | 陈培党 | A kind of beautiful millettia root plastic mulching cultivation technology method |
| CN107466624A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-15 | 桂平市蒙圩镇火炎种养专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of high-quality Winter melon |
| CN110476732A (en) * | 2019-09-13 | 2019-11-22 | 刘善勇 | A kind of vegetables efficiency cultivation technology for high method |
| CN111149633A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-15 | 泸溪县湘锦农业科技发展有限公司 | New variety introduction and high-yield cultivation technology for white gourd |
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