CN104813835A

CN104813835A - Method for peanut plantation in dry land

Info

Publication number: CN104813835A
Application number: CN201510254339.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张道平
Original assignee: Lian Wan Home Farm Feidong
Current assignee: Lian Wan Home Farm Feidong
Priority date: 2015-05-18
Filing date: 2015-05-18
Publication date: 2015-08-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for peanut plantation in dry land. The method comprises the steps of planting land management, seed preparation, seeding and water and fertilizer management. Fist scientific field management is performed, the reasonable ditching and the formation of rectangular pieces of land in a field are the key to water flow control, kernels are processed through special seed dressing agents, rhizobium bacterial powder is positioned in the special seed dressing agents and is fixed on the surfaces of the kernels with organic matters such as flour serving as nutritional agents and gypsum powder serving as an adhesion agent, so as to be favorable for root nodules in the root system; fertilizer having special water-retaining property is used as fertilizer in holes and has very good water-retaining property, and frequent fertilizer application is avoided.

Description

A kind of method of punja peanut cultivation

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technology field of plantation, be specifically related to a kind of method of punja peanut cultivation.

Background technology

Peanut is important economic crops and oil crop, and development peanut production has become one of the important channel of growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income.Peanut cultivation comprises wholely, sowing, ridging, field management, results.Tradition peanut cultivation is generally one, plot kind, if plot need plant several kind, is also by kind sequentially, finishes one, then broadcast another, do not mix up between kind.Emerge in process of growth at peanut like this, because cultivate peanut for same product in adjacent ridge, the height between plant is substantially identical, makes peanut canopy light-receiving area, canopy iuuminting rate and CO ₂interchange be restricted, be unfavorable for improving the photosynthesis of canopy, and then affect the raising of Pod Yield.

Research shows that oleic acid content of peanuts increases gradually along with reaching maturity of seed benevolence, particularly Post flowering 60 days, oleic acid content of peanuts gathers way the fastest, the mainly linoleic acid of peanut kernel early development synthesis, the mainly oleic acid of middle and later periods accumulation, the ripe seed benevolence oleic acid content that reaches full growth is the highest, suitably receives evening, and improving seed benevolence plumpness is improve a key factor of oleic acid content.Also there are some researches show, oleic acid content of peanuts and the peanut Sheng phase soil temperature that is in the milk is remarkable positive correlation, and soil temperature is higher, and oleic acid content is higher, therefore in order to improve oleic acid content of peanuts, must improve soil temperature in peanut cultivation process.

The soil salinization is the serious problems affecting agricultural production and ecotope.The whole world about has the arable land of 50% to be subject to salt stress harm, and China's saline land area reaches 1,500,000,000 mu.Peanut is the main oil crop of China and economic crops, and along with the increase of population, the increase of demand, the continuous decline of arable area, ground contradiction striven by grain and oil, and how development and utilization salinization land resource has great importance.

Summary of the invention

The output that the present invention runs into according to arid area peanut cultivation is low, field arid cracking, the shortcoming that soil easily hardens, Fertilizer application easily causes salinization of soil, invent a kind of Peanut in Dry land plantation method, comprise wholely, breeding, cultivation, fertilizer select, concrete grammar is as follows:

A method for punja peanut cultivation, is characterized in that, comprises following several steps:

(1) planting site management: deep plough planting site at the bottom of ground 30 ~ 40cm, and mix with subsoil by the amount of every mu of 150 ~ 200Kg muck, tractor-ploughing is digged again, do furrow, keep the wide 2 ~ 3m of furrow, the high 20 ~ 30cm of furrow, stay furrow width 25cm between furrow simultaneously, once water permeable rear for subsequent use;

(2) seed preparation: selected high-quality peanut pod, broadcast first 5 ~ 7 days strip off kind benevolence, being put in, bamboo mat basks seeds stirs 10 ~ 15 times in 2 ~ 3 days every day simultaneously, first dress seed with cold water after completing, evenly mix wet, then again dress seed with special seed dressing, until plant benevolence surface to form coccoid parcel, use after leaving standstill 10 ~ 12h;

(3) sow: during soil 5 ~ 10cm mean temperature 15 ~ 17 DEG C, dig cave, spacing in the rows 25cm, every cave kind benevolence 3 ~ 5, covers in cave after then being mixed with the ratio of subsoil 1: 3 by moisture capacity fertilizer, disposable water permeable;

(4) water and fertilizer management: 150 ~ 200Kg urea and 40 ~ 80Kg composite fertilizer are evenly imposed on large Tanaka according to the growing state of peanut by the later stage in batches, notes weeding, insect prevention.

Muck in described step (1) is by clay 20 ~ 30 parts, quartz sand 3 ~ 5 parts, 30 ~ 50 parts, sheep excrement ball, dried leaf 10 ~ 15 parts, breeze 5 ~ 10 parts, pig manure 45 ~ 60 parts and microbial bacterial agent 2 ~ 3 parts mixing, then after the adjustment water content about 60% that adds water, obtained after sealed fermenting fully becomes thoroughly decomposed for 15 ~ 20 days.

Seed dressing in described step (2) is that rhizobium bacteria powder 200 ~ 250g, land plaster 4 ~ 5Kg and flour 2 ~ 3Kg mix, and the rice washing water then adding 50Kg mixes together.

Moisture capacity fertilizer in described step (3) is by superphosphate 15 ~ 20 parts, brown sugar slag 20 ~ 30 parts, potassium sulfate 30 ~ 50 parts and ammonium chloride 40 ~ 50 parts of co-grindings cross 80 mesh sieves, then by the water-soluble solution of Sodium Polyacrylate 6 ~ 9 parts of use 3 ~ 5 times of its weight portions, add Cab-O-sil 10 ~ 15 parts to stir into homogenate and pour in aforementioned fertilizer for adhesion simultaneously, then granulation, finally carboxymethyl cellulose 5 ~ 10 parts is added the water stirring and dissolving of 3 times of its weight portions, in comminutor, fertiliser granulates surface is sprayed on high pressure nozzle, mucus is there is in the hot blast 4 ~ 8min then crossing 70 ~ 90 DEG C to surface, finally spray attapulgite 3 ~ 4 parts and prevent adhesion between fertilizer.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is scientific field management before this, it is keys to flow cavitation result that rational trench digging does furrow, then the special seed dressing process of benevolence will be planted, have rhizobium bacterium powder in special seed dressing, with organic matters such as flour for nutritional agents, land plaster is that binding agent is fixed on kind of a benevolence surface, be conducive to root system and produce root nodule, then be used for fertilizer in cave with the fertilizer of special moisture capacity, there is good water retention property, avoid frequent fertilising simultaneously.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

Muck in described step (1) is by clay 20 parts, quartz sand 5 parts, 40 parts, sheep excrement ball, dried leaf 10 parts, breeze 8 parts, pig manure 60 parts and microbial bacterial agent 3 parts mixing, then after the adjustment water content about 60% that adds water, obtained after sealed fermenting fully becomes thoroughly decomposed for 19 days.

Seed dressing in described step (2) is that rhizobium bacteria powder 200g, land plaster 4Kg and flour 3Kg mix, and the rice washing water then adding 50Kg mixes together.

Moisture capacity fertilizer in described step (3) is by superphosphate 20 parts, brown sugar slag 20 parts, potassium sulfate 50 parts and ammonium chloride 50 parts of co-grindings cross 80 mesh sieves, then by the water-soluble solution of Sodium Polyacrylate 9 parts of use 3 times of its weight portions, add Cab-O-sil 12 parts to stir into homogenate and pour in aforementioned fertilizer for adhesion simultaneously, then granulation, finally carboxymethyl cellulose 6 parts is added the water stirring and dissolving of 3 times of its weight portions, in comminutor, fertiliser granulates surface is sprayed on high pressure nozzle, mucus is there is in the hot blast 4 ~ 8min then crossing 70 ~ 90 DEG C to surface, finally spray attapulgite 3 parts and prevent adhesion between fertilizer.

The method adopting Peanut in Dry land of the present invention to plant successfully at arid area plantation peanut, than the peanut yield increasing nearly 35.6% of commonsense method plantation, reduces the occurrence probability of peanut damage by disease and insect simultaneously.

Claims

1. a method for punja peanut cultivation, is characterized in that, comprises following several steps:

(1) planting site management: deep plough planting site at the bottom of ground 30 ~ 40cm, and mix with subsoil by the amount of every mu of 150 ~ 200Kg muck, tractor-ploughing is digged again, does furrow, keep the wide 2 ~ 3m of furrow, the high 20 ~ 30cm of furrow, stays furrow width 25cm between furrow simultaneously, once waters permeable rear for subsequent use;

2. the method for a kind of punja peanut cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, muck in described step (1) is by clay 20 ~ 30 parts, quartz sand 3 ~ 5 parts, 30 ~ 50 parts, sheep excrement ball, dried leaf 10 ~ 15 parts, breeze 5 ~ 10 parts, pig manure 45 ~ 60 parts and microbial bacterial agent 2 ~ 3 parts mixing, then after the adjustment water content about 60% that adds water, obtained after sealed fermenting fully becomes thoroughly decomposed for 15 ~ 20 days.

3. the method for a kind of punja peanut cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, seed dressing in described step (2) is that rhizobium bacteria powder 200 ~ 250g, land plaster 4 ~ 5Kg and flour 2 ~ 3Kg mix, and the rice washing water then adding 50Kg mixes together.

4. the method for a kind of punja peanut cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, moisture capacity fertilizer in described step (3) is by superphosphate 15 ~ 20 parts, brown sugar slag 20 ~ 30 parts, potassium sulfate 30 ~ 50 parts and ammonium chloride 40 ~ 50 parts of co-grindings cross 80 mesh sieves, then by the water-soluble solution of Sodium Polyacrylate 6 ~ 9 parts of use 3 ~ 5 times of its weight portions, add Cab-O-sil 10 ~ 15 parts to stir into homogenate and pour in aforementioned fertilizer for adhesion simultaneously, then granulation, finally carboxymethyl cellulose 5 ~ 10 parts is added the water stirring and dissolving of 3 times of its weight portions, in comminutor, fertiliser granulates surface is sprayed on high pressure nozzle, mucus is there is in the hot blast 4 ~ 8min then crossing 70 ~ 90 DEG C to surface, finally spray attapulgite 3 ~ 4 parts and prevent adhesion between fertilizer.