CN107223443A - A kind of cucumber cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of cucumber cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107223443A CN107223443A CN201710586480.8A CN201710586480A CN107223443A CN 107223443 A CN107223443 A CN 107223443A CN 201710586480 A CN201710586480 A CN 201710586480A CN 107223443 A CN107223443 A CN 107223443A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/46—Stemonaceae [Stemona family], e.g. croomia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cucumber cultivation method, is related to technical field of vegetable cultivation, cucumber cultivation method comprises the following steps：(1) soil is selected；(2) variety selection；(3) presoaking and germinating；(4) nurturing staff；(5) site preparation；(6) it is colonized；(7) field management；(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；(9) harvest.The cucumber of cucumber cultivation method of the present invention cultivation has the advantages that disease resistance is strong, yield is high and quality better.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of vegetable cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cucumber cultivation method.
Background technology
The plantation history of cucumber is more long, but the cucumber yield for planting out with traditional cucumber planting technique is averagely every
Mu in 7500kg or so, the cucumber planted in addition with existing implantation methods has that pest and disease damage is more, quality not, cause Huang
Melon yield is difficult to obtain new breakthrough, further, since chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals input are larger, not only economic benefit is low, but also makes soil
Deteriorate, destroyed ecological environment.
Chemical fertilizer, a large amount of of agricultural chemicals are used so that organic in soil environment deterioration, soil during existing cucumber cultivation
Matter content declines, and all kinds of nutrients ratio imbalances, soil starts acidifying, hardened, the physicochemical character and soil microflora of soil
By heavy damage, cause its water conservation, fertilizer conservation, poor air permeability, it is difficult to the actual growth needs of cucumber are met, while chemical fertilizer, agriculture
The cost of medicine is high, and financial burden is brought to the peasant household for being engaged in cucumber cultivation, and the Disease Resistance of Cucumber planted is weak, yield
Low and poor quality.
The content of the invention
Exist that the incidence of disease is not low enough, yield is not high enough and quality to solve the cucumber of existing cucumber cultivation method cultivation
Imperfect problem, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cucumber cultivation method, the cucumber cultivated by the cucumber cultivation method
Have the advantages that disease resistance is strong, yield is high and quality better.
The invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of cucumber cultivation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is selected：Selection is rich in organic matter, PH6.5-7.5, draining, the deep soil of convenience, soil layer of pouring water；
(2) variety selection：Selection is without the damaged, kind that disease resistance is strong, commodity is good and yield is high；
(3) presoaking and germinating：First with 1500 times of seed soaking 1h of 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 10min or 50% carbendazim, use is then pulled out
Water is cleaned, then with 5-10% mature vinegar seed soaking 2-3h, is pulled out and cleaned with clear water, be placed in vernalization under 28 DEG C of constant temperatures, treat seed
Bud ratio can be sowed when reaching 70%；
(4) nurturing staff：A, Nutrition Soil preparation, 1-2 months before broadcasting, by non-planting vegetable in the nearly 3-5 of 60-70%
2- is added in field soil, the proportions Nutrition Soil of organic fertilizers of the 30-40% through harmless treatment of crop, every lm3 Nutrition Soils
3kg calcium superphosphate, 1-2kg zinc oxide, the sub- selenium of 2-4g ferrous sulfate, 2-4g manganese sulfates, 1-3g zinc sulfate, 3-4g boric acid and 1-2g
Sour sodium, and fully mix sieving thoroughly；B, sowing seedbed preparation, wide 1.2-1.3m, high 10-15cm height are made with above-mentioned Nutrition Soil
Furrow, thin rake leveling, pour vola water before sowing；Sowing time in mid or late June-early August, per 667m2 cultivation field sowing quantities 20-
30g；It is thick that Nutrition Soil 1.0-1.5cm is after planting covered again；Mixed again with 8 grams of 50% carbendazim, zinc oxide 10g again in every square metre of seedbed
Fine earth is uniformly spread on bed surface after mixing thoroughly；Covering with plastic film on Winter-Spring seeding and seedling raising bed surface, summer and autumn bed surface covering sunshade net or straw；
C, seedling management, during 70% seed sprouting, throw off bed surface covering；With sunshade net suitably to cool, water is poured during nursery, with
Backsight nursery season and soil moisture content are suitably watered, in rice shoot 3-4 leaves, with reference to the urea of growth of cereal crop seedlings foliage-spray 0.3% or biphosphate
Potassium, one layer of sieving bed soil is spread during seed talent arch soil prevents block, when seedling cotyledon flattening, true leaf show, by seeding row spacing 10cm seedling separations,
When seedling growth reaches 6-8 piece true leaves, field planting；
(5) site preparation：Decomposed manure 1500-2000kg of the every mu of administration through harmless treatment, N P and K tri compound
Fertile 50kg, soil conditioner 8-10kg, 10-20g Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide implements rotary tillage after sprinkling evenly, then harrows thin leveling, and trench digging is made
Furrow, make wide 1.8-2.0 meters high 15-20cm cultivating bed, reserve operation ditch and appropriate greenhouse side sky between wide 30-50cm furrow,
7-10 days scaffolding buckle film close plastic sheds before field planting；
(6) it is colonized：Selection has tool 5-7 piece true leaves, and leaf color is dark green, the sturdy internode of cane is short, no disease and pests harm strong sprout, choosing
Cloudy day or fine day open cave field planting by 30 × 45cm of seeding row spacing at dusk, and irrigate root water, then the flat cave of harmony root of earthing up in time, finally exist
Furrow face in the ranks lays micro-irrigation flexible pipe, covering film and puts seedling, and every mu is colonized 3000-4000 plants；
(7) field management：Watered in time after field planting, pour seedling recovering water after 3-5 days after root melon is sat, terminates restraining the growth of seedlings, waters and chase after
Fertilizer, soil moisture keeps the 60-70% of field capacity, and summer and autumn are maintained at 75-85%, tie melon peak period, foliage-spray
0.2% urea and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(9) harvest.
Preferably, the soil in step (1) the soil selection also needs to apply organic base fertilizer, is conducive to improving soil
Physicochemical character so that soil with organic matter content rises, all kinds of nutrients ratios are balanced, and good ring is provided for the growth of cucumber
Border.
Preferably, organic base fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following parts by weight, weighs 20-30 parts of swine excrement, mud
20-40 parts of charcoal soil, 12-18 parts of vinasse, 4-8 parts of humic acid, 3-7 parts of attapulgite, 2-6 parts of rice straw powder, peanut shell 3-7
Part, 1-3 parts of powdered rice hulls, 0.8-1 parts of urea, 3-9 parts of frutus cnidii, 0.1-0.3 parts of zeolite powder and 8-12 parts of water, whole raw materials are mixed
Stirring, drying, granulation are closed, organic base fertilizer is produced, is conducive to soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation and breathes freely.
Preferably, it is described to mix whole raw materials to mix whole raw materials using high-speed mixer, at a high speed
Mixer has the advantages that compact conformation, simple, floor space are small and energy-efficient.
Preferably, the granulation is granulates using flat-die Squeezinggranulator, the granular substance of flat-die extruder grain machining
Material is with any surface finish, hardness is moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, the spy that granule strength is high, the uniform balling-up moisture of rounding is low
Point.
Preferably, intertillage in time is loosened the soil after step (7) field management also includes seedling-slowing stage, and intertillage is loosened the soil and can cut off
The pore of upper soll layer, reduces moisture evaporation.
Preferably, the soil conditioner in step (5) site preparation is prepared from by the component raw material of following parts by weight：Leech
20-30 parts of stone flour, 10-14 parts of clay, 8-10 parts of citric acid, leftover bits and pieces 20-24 parts of food factory, 3-5 parts of vinasse, white lime 2-3
Part, 8-10 parts of potassium humate, 5-7 parts of boric acid, 2-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite 0.01-0.03
Part, 0.02-0.04 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.4-0.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.01-0.03 parts of ammonium molybdate, 8-11 parts of bone meal, peppermint oil 1-2
Part, 1-2 parts of glycerine, 0.1-0.3 parts of sucrose ester and 10-14 parts of water, vermiculite power, clay, citric acid and water are mixed, stirred into
Mud, send into 250-300 DEG C of kiln roasting 3-4h, then, cooling crush into 2-4mm coarse grain, then with formula in addition to peppermint oil
Rest materials are mixed after 40-50min, granulation, spray peppermint oil, and drying produces soil conditioner, the soil conditioner has
Help improve soil acidification, hardened phenomenon.
Preferably, step (7) field management includes training and hangs climing, is easy to cucumber ventilation and penetrating light, reduces pest and disease damage,
Improve the yield and quality.
Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide in step (5) site preparation is prepared from by following method：A, claim by weight
Take 25-33 parts of onion, 2-6 parts of southern magnolia, 3-4 parts of kuh-seng, 4-6 parts of canna leaf, 4-6 parts of pomelo peel, 6-8 parts of the Chinese bulbul,
4-6 parts of rhizoma menispermi, 1-2 parts of golden cypress, 4-6 parts of the tuber of stemona, 3-4 parts of betel nut, 2-3 parts of alumen, 3-4 parts of Chinese gall, 2-4 parts of frutus cnidii,
3-4 parts of Fructus meliae toosendan, 3-4 parts of mountain villous themeda orchid, 2-4 parts of water eggplant, 2-4 parts of baeckea frutescen, 2-4 parts of zinc oxide, 2-4 parts of fern root；B, onion gone
Root peeling, which is squeezed the juice, is filtrated to get Conditions of Onion Juice；C, by southern magnolia, kuh-seng, canna leaf, pomelo peel, the Chinese bulbul, rhizoma menispermi, Huang
Cypress, the tuber of stemona, betel nut, alumen, Chinese gall, frutus cnidii, Fructus meliae toosendan, mountain villous themeda orchid, water eggplant, baeckea frutescen, zinc oxide, fern root mixing water are boiled and endured
Into mixing soup；Then and powder d, the obtained mixing soup of step (c) mix with Conditions of Onion Juice, filtered, concentration is spray-dried,
Last weight 1-2% borneol and grinding mixing, produces Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide, and reduce cucumber is influenceed by pest and disease damage.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the cucumber of cucumber cultivation method of the present invention cultivation has the advantages that disease resistance is strong, yield is high and quality better.
2nd, the soil in heretofore described step (1) soil selection also needs to apply organic base fertilizer, is conducive to improving soil
The physicochemical character of earth so that soil with organic matter content rises, all kinds of nutrients ratios are balanced, provided well for the growth of cucumber
Environment.
3rd, heretofore described organic base fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following parts by weight, weigh 20-30 parts of swine excrement,
20-40 parts of peat soil, 12-18 parts of vinasse, 4-8 parts of humic acid, 3-7 parts of attapulgite, 2-6 parts of rice straw powder, peanut shell 3-7
Part, 1-3 parts of powdered rice hulls, 0.8-1 parts of urea, 3-9 parts of frutus cnidii, 0.1-0.3 parts of zeolite powder and 8-12 parts of water, whole raw materials are mixed
Stirring, drying, granulation are closed, organic base fertilizer is produced, is conducive to soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation and breathes freely.
4th, it is heretofore described to mix whole raw materials to mix whole raw materials using high-speed mixer, it is high
Fast mixer has the advantages that compact conformation, simple, floor space are small and energy-efficient.
5th, heretofore described granulation is granulates using flat-die Squeezinggranulator, the graininess of flat-die extruder grain machining
Material has that any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, the spy that granule strength is high, the uniform balling-up moisture of rounding is low
Point.
6th, intertillage in time is loosened the soil after heretofore described step (7) field management also includes seedling-slowing stage, intertills the energy that loosens the soil
The pore of upper soll layer is cut off, moisture evaporation is reduced.
7th, the soil conditioner in heretofore described step (5) site preparation by following parts by weight component raw material prepare and
Into：20-30 parts of vermiculite power, 10-14 parts of clay, 8-10 parts of citric acid, leftover bits and pieces 20-24 parts of food factory, 3-5 parts of vinasse, ripe stone
Grey 2-3 parts, 8-10 parts of potassium humate, 5-7 parts of boric acid, 2-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite 0.01-
0.03 part, 0.02-0.04 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.4-0.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.01-0.03 parts of ammonium molybdate, 8-11 parts of bone meal, peppermint oil
10-14 parts of 1-2 parts, 1-2 parts of glycerine, 0.1-0.3 parts of sucrose ester and water, vermiculite power, clay, citric acid and water are mixed, stirring
Into mud, send into 250-300 DEG C of kiln roasting 3-4h, then, cooling crush into 2-4mm coarse grain, then with formula in addition to peppermint oil
Rest materials mix 40-50min after, granulation, spray peppermint oil, drying, produce soil conditioner, the soil conditioner
Help to improve soil acidification, hardened phenomenon.
8th, heretofore described step (7) field management includes training and hangs climing, is easy to cucumber ventilation and penetrating light, reduces disease pest
Evil, improves the yield and quality.
9th, the Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide in heretofore described step (5) site preparation is prepared from by following method：A, by weight
Part weighs 25-33 parts of onion, 2-6 parts of southern magnolia, 3-4 parts of kuh-seng, 4-6 parts of canna leaf, 4-6 parts of pomelo peel, Chinese bulbul 6-8
Part, 4-6 parts of rhizoma menispermi, 1-2 parts of golden cypress, 4-6 parts of the tuber of stemona, 3-4 parts of betel nut, 2-3 parts of alumen, 3-4 parts of Chinese gall, frutus cnidii 2-4
Part, 3-4 parts of Fructus meliae toosendan, 3-4 parts of mountain villous themeda orchid, 2-4 parts of water eggplant, 2-4 parts of baeckea frutescen, 2-4 parts of zinc oxide, 2-4 parts of fern root；B, by onion
Go root peeling to squeeze the juice and be filtrated to get Conditions of Onion Juice；C, by southern magnolia, kuh-seng, canna leaf, pomelo peel, the Chinese bulbul, rhizoma menispermi, Huang
Cypress, the tuber of stemona, betel nut, alumen, Chinese gall, frutus cnidii, Fructus meliae toosendan, mountain villous themeda orchid, water eggplant, baeckea frutescen, zinc oxide, fern root mixing water are boiled and endured
Into mixing soup；Then and powder d, the obtained mixing soup of step (c) mix with Conditions of Onion Juice, filtered, concentration is spray-dried,
Last weight 1-2% borneol and grinding mixing, produces Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide, and reduce cucumber is influenceed by pest and disease damage.
Embodiment
Embodiment
A kind of cucumber cultivation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is selected：Selection is rich in organic matter, PH6.5-7.5, draining, the deep soil of convenience, soil layer of pouring water；
(2) variety selection：Selection is without the damaged, kind that disease resistance is strong, commodity is good and yield is high；
(3) presoaking and germinating：First with 1500 times of seed soaking 1h of 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 10min or 50% carbendazim, use is then pulled out
Water is cleaned, then with 5-10% mature vinegar seed soaking 2-3h, is pulled out and cleaned with clear water, be placed in vernalization under 28 DEG C of constant temperatures, treat seed
Bud ratio can be sowed when reaching 70%；
(4) nurturing staff：A, Nutrition Soil preparation, 1-2 months before broadcasting, by non-planting vegetable in the nearly 3-5 of 60-70%
2- is added in field soil, the proportions Nutrition Soil of organic fertilizers of the 30-40% through harmless treatment of crop, every lm3 Nutrition Soils
3kg calcium superphosphate, 1-2kg zinc oxide, the sub- selenium of 2-4g ferrous sulfate, 2-4g manganese sulfates, 1-3g zinc sulfate, 3-4g boric acid and 1-2g
Sour sodium, and fully mix sieving thoroughly；B, sowing seedbed preparation, wide 1.2-1.3m, high 10-15cm height are made with above-mentioned Nutrition Soil
Furrow, thin rake leveling, pour vola water before sowing；Sowing time in mid or late June-early August, per 667m2 cultivation field sowing quantities 20-
30g；It is thick that Nutrition Soil 1.0-1.5cm is after planting covered again；Mixed again with 8 grams of 50% carbendazim, zinc oxide 10g again in every square metre of seedbed
Fine earth is uniformly spread on bed surface after mixing thoroughly；Covering with plastic film on Winter-Spring seeding and seedling raising bed surface, summer and autumn bed surface covering sunshade net or straw；
C, seedling management, during 70% seed sprouting, throw off bed surface covering；With sunshade net suitably to cool, water is poured during nursery, with
Backsight nursery season and soil moisture content are suitably watered, in rice shoot 3-4 leaves, with reference to the urea of growth of cereal crop seedlings foliage-spray 0.3% or biphosphate
Potassium, one layer of sieving bed soil is spread during seed talent arch soil prevents block, when seedling cotyledon flattening, true leaf show, by seeding row spacing 10cm seedling separations,
When seedling growth reaches 6-8 piece true leaves, field planting；
(5) site preparation：Decomposed manure 1500-2000kg of the every mu of administration through harmless treatment, N P and K tri compound
Fertile 50kg, soil conditioner 8-10kg, 10-20g Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide implements rotary tillage after sprinkling evenly, then harrows thin leveling, and trench digging is made
Furrow, make wide 1.8-2.0 meters high 15-20cm cultivating bed, reserve operation ditch and appropriate greenhouse side sky between wide 30-50cm furrow,
7-10 days scaffolding buckle film close plastic sheds before field planting；
(6) it is colonized：Selection has tool 5-7 piece true leaves, and leaf color is dark green, the sturdy internode of cane is short, no disease and pests harm strong sprout, choosing
Cloudy day or fine day open cave field planting by 30 × 45cm of seeding row spacing at dusk, and irrigate root water, then the flat cave of harmony root of earthing up in time, finally exist
Furrow face in the ranks lays micro-irrigation flexible pipe, covering film and puts seedling, and every mu is colonized 3000-4000 plants；
(7) field management：Watered in time after field planting, pour seedling recovering water after 3-5 days after root melon is sat, terminates restraining the growth of seedlings, waters and chase after
Fertilizer, soil moisture keeps the 60-70% of field capacity, and summer and autumn are maintained at 75-85%, tie melon peak period, foliage-spray
0.2% urea and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(9) harvest.
Soil in the selection of step (1) soil also needs to apply organic base fertilizer, is conducive to improving the physicochemical character of soil, makes
Obtain soil with organic matter content to rise, all kinds of nutrients ratios are balanced, and good environment is provided for the growth of cucumber.
Organic base fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following parts by weight, weigh 20-30 parts of swine excrement, 20-40 parts of peat soil,
12-18 parts of vinasse, 4-8 parts of humic acid, 3-7 parts of attapulgite, 2-6 parts of rice straw powder, 3-7 parts of peanut shell, powdered rice hulls 1-3
Part, 0.8-1 parts of urea, 3-9 parts of frutus cnidii, 0.1-0.3 parts of zeolite powder and 8-12 parts of water, whole raw materials are mixed, dried,
Granulation, produces organic base fertilizer, is conducive to soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation and breathes freely.
Whole raw materials are mixed to mix whole raw materials using high-speed mixer, high-speed mixer has knot
Structure is compact, simple, floor space is small and energy-efficient advantage.
Granulate to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator, the granular material of flat-die extruder grain machining has surface light
Clean, hardness is moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength is high, the uniform balling-up moisture of rounding is low the characteristics of.
Intertillage in time is loosened the soil after step (7) field management also includes seedling-slowing stage, and intertillage is loosened the soil and can cut off upper soll layer
Pore, reduces moisture evaporation.
Soil conditioner in step (5) site preparation is prepared from by the component raw material of following parts by weight：Vermiculite power 20-30
Part, 10-14 parts of clay, 8-10 parts of citric acid, leftover bits and pieces 20-24 parts of food factory, 3-5 parts of vinasse, 2-3 parts of white lime, humic acid
8-10 parts of potassium, 5-7 parts of boric acid, 2-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.01-0.03 parts of sodium selenite, manganese sulfate
0.02-0.04 parts, 0.4-0.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.01-0.03 parts of ammonium molybdate, 8-11 parts of bone meal, 1-2 parts of peppermint oil, glycerine 1-2
10-14 parts of part, 0.1-0.3 parts of sucrose ester and water, vermiculite power, clay, citric acid and water are mixed, and stir into mud, send into 250-
300 DEG C of kiln roasting 3-4h, then, cooling crush is mixed into 2-4mm coarse grain, then with the rest materials in formula in addition to peppermint oil
Stir after 40-50min, granulation, spray peppermint oil, drying produces soil conditioner, and the soil conditioner helps to improve soil
Acidifying, hardened phenomenon.
Step (7) field management includes training and hangs climing, is easy to cucumber ventilation and penetrating light, reduces pest and disease damage, improve yield and
Quality.
Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide in step (5) site preparation is prepared from by following method：A, onion 25-33 is weighed by weight
Part, 2-6 parts of southern magnolia, 3-4 parts of kuh-seng, 4-6 parts of canna leaf, 4-6 parts of pomelo peel, 6-8 parts of the Chinese bulbul, 4-6 parts of rhizoma menispermi,
1-2 parts of golden cypress, 4-6 parts of the tuber of stemona, 3-4 parts of betel nut, 2-3 parts of alumen, 3-4 parts of Chinese gall, 2-4 parts of frutus cnidii, 3-4 parts of Fructus meliae toosendan,
3-4 parts of mountain villous themeda orchid, 2-4 parts of water eggplant, 2-4 parts of baeckea frutescen, 2-4 parts of zinc oxide, 2-4 parts of fern root；B, onion gone root peeling squeezed the juice
Filter obtains Conditions of Onion Juice；C, by southern magnolia, kuh-seng, canna leaf, pomelo peel, the Chinese bulbul, rhizoma menispermi, golden cypress, the tuber of stemona, betel nut,
Alumen, Chinese gall, frutus cnidii, Fructus meliae toosendan, mountain villous themeda orchid, water eggplant, baeckea frutescen, zinc oxide, fern root mixing water boil and are boiled into mixing soup；d、
The obtained mixing soup of step (c) is mixed with Conditions of Onion Juice, filtered, is concentrated, spray drying, then with powder weight 1-2%'s
Borneol and grinding is mixed, and produces Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide, and reduce cucumber is influenceed by pest and disease damage.
The cucumber cultivation method of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 is compared with existing cucumber cultivation method, had
Have the advantage that：
As seen from the above table, compared with conventional method, the cucumber of cucumber cultivation method cultivation of the present invention has quality better, production
Amount height and the strong advantage of disease resistance.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing reality
Apply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or equivalent substitution, all essences in the present invention are carried out to which part technical characteristic
God is with principle, and any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cucumber cultivation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is selected：Selection is rich in organic matter, PH6.5-7.5, draining, the deep soil of convenience, soil layer of pouring water；
(2) variety selection：Selection is without the damaged, kind that disease resistance is strong, commodity is good and yield is high；
(3) presoaking and germinating：First with 1500 times of seed soaking 1h of 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 10min or 50% carbendazim, then pull out and be washed with water
Only, then with 5-10% mature vinegar seed soaking 2-3h, pull out and cleaned with clear water, be placed in vernalization under 28 DEG C of constant temperatures, treat seed germination
Rate can be sowed when reaching 70%；
(4) nurturing staff：A, Nutrition Soil preparation, 1-2 months before broadcasting, by non-planting vegetable crop in the nearly 3-5 of 60-70%
Field soil, the proportions Nutrition Soil of organic fertilizers of the 30-40% through harmless treatment, per lm3 Nutrition Soils in add 2-3kg mistakes
Calcium phosphate, 1-2kg zinc oxide, 2-4g ferrous sulfate, 2-4g manganese sulfates, 1-3g zinc sulfate, 3-4g boric acid and 1-2g sodium selenites,
And fully mix sieving thoroughly；B, sowing seedbed preparation, wide 1.2-1.3m, high 10-15cm high ridge are made with above-mentioned Nutrition Soil, thin rake
Leveling, pours vola water before sowing；Sowing time in mid or late June-early August, per 667m2 cultivation field sowing quantities 20-30g；Sowing
Cover Nutrition Soil 1.0-1.5cm again afterwards thick；Upper fine earth is mixed again and is mixed thoroughly with 8 grams of 50% carbendazim, zinc oxide 10g again in every square metre of seedbed
Uniformly it is spread on afterwards on bed surface；Covering with plastic film on Winter-Spring seeding and seedling raising bed surface, summer and autumn bed surface covering sunshade net or straw；C, seedling stage pipe
Reason, during 70% seed sprouting, throws off bed surface covering；With sunshade net suitably to cool, water is poured during nursery, with backsight nursery
Season and soil moisture content are suitably watered, in rice shoot 3-4 leaves, with reference to the urea of growth of cereal crop seedlings foliage-spray 0.3% or potassium dihydrogen phosphate, seed arch
One layer of sieving bed soil is spread when native prevents block, when seedling cotyledon flattening, true leaf show, by seeding row spacing 10cm seedling separations, seedling growth
During up to 6-8 piece true leaves, field planting；
(5) site preparation：Decomposed manure 1500-2000kg of the every mu of administration through harmless treatment, N P and K NPK
50kg, soil conditioner 8-10kg, 10-20g Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide implements rotary tillage after sprinkling evenly, then harrows thin leveling, bedding of ditching,
Wide 1.8-2.0 meters high 15-20cm cultivating bed is made, operation ditch and appropriate greenhouse side sky between wide 30-50cm furrow is reserved, it is fixed
7-10 days scaffolding buckle film close plastic sheds before planting；
(6) it is colonized：Selection has tool 5-7 piece true leaves, and leaf color is dark green, the sturdy internode of cane is short, no disease and pests harm strong sprout, the choosing cloudy day
Or fine day opens cave field planting by 30 × 45cm of seeding row spacing at dusk, and root water, then the flat cave of harmony root of earthing up are irrigated in time, finally in furrow face
In the ranks lay micro-irrigation flexible pipe, covering film and put seedling, every mu is colonized 3000-4000 plants；
(7) field management：Watered in time after field planting, pour seedling recovering water after 3-5 days after root melon is sat, terminates restraining the growth of seedlings, waters and topdress,
Soil moisture keeps the 60-70% of field capacity, and summer and autumn are maintained at 75-85%, tie melon peak period, foliage-spray 0.2%
Urea and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(9) harvest.
2. cucumber cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Soil in step (1) the soil selection
Also need to apply organic base fertilizer.
3. cucumber cultivation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Organic base fertilizer is by following parts by weight
Raw material is prepared from, and weighs 20-30 parts of swine excrement, 20-40 parts of peat soil, 12-18 parts of vinasse, 4-8 parts of humic acid, attapulgite
3-7 parts, 2-6 parts of rice straw powder, 3-7 parts of peanut shell, 1-3 parts of powdered rice hulls, 0.8-1 parts of urea, 3-9 parts of frutus cnidii, zeolite powder
0.1-0.3 parts and 8-12 parts of water, whole raw materials are mixed, dry, granulated, organic base fertilizer is produced.
4. cucumber cultivation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described to mix whole raw materials to use
High-speed mixer mixes whole raw materials.
5. cucumber cultivation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The granulation is to use flat-die Squeezinggranulator
Granulation.
6. cucumber cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (7) field management also includes slow
Intertillage is loosened the soil in time after seedling stage.
7. cucumber cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Soil conditioning in step (5) site preparation
Agent is prepared from by the component raw material of following parts by weight：20-30 parts of vermiculite power, 10-14 parts of clay, 8-10 parts of citric acid, food
Leftover bits and pieces 20-24 parts of factory, 3-5 parts of vinasse, 2-3 parts of white lime, 8-10 parts of potassium humate, 5-7 parts of boric acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3
Part, 1-2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.01-0.03 parts of sodium selenite, 0.02-0.04 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.4-0.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, ammonium molybdate
10-14 parts of 0.01-0.03 parts, 8-11 parts of bone meal, 1-2 parts of peppermint oil, 1-2 parts of glycerine, 0.1-0.3 parts of sucrose ester and water, by leech
Stone flour, clay, citric acid and water mixing, stir into mud, send into 250-300 DEG C of kiln roasting 3-4h, then, and cooling crush is into 2-
4mm coarse grain, then mixed with the rest materials in formula in addition to peppermint oil after 40-50min, granulation sprays peppermint oil, dries
It is dry, produce soil conditioner.
8. cucumber cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (7) field management includes whole
Branch hangs climing.
9. cucumber cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Chinese herbal medicine in step (5) site preparation is killed
Microbial inoculum is prepared from by following method：A, 25-33 parts of onion, 2-6 parts of southern magnolia, 3-4 parts of kuh-seng, beauty are weighed by weight
4-6 parts of any of several broadleaf plants leaf, 4-6 parts of pomelo peel, 6-8 parts of the Chinese bulbul, 4-6 parts of rhizoma menispermi, 1-2 parts of golden cypress, 4-6 parts of the tuber of stemona, 3-4 parts of betel nut,
2-3 parts of alumen, 3-4 parts of Chinese gall, 2-4 parts of frutus cnidii, 3-4 parts of Fructus meliae toosendan, 3-4 parts of mountain villous themeda orchid, 2-4 parts of water eggplant, baeckea frutescen 2-4
Part, 2-4 parts of zinc oxide, 2-4 parts of fern root；B, onion gone root peeling squeeze the juice to be filtrated to get Conditions of Onion Juice；C, by southern magnolia, hardship
Ginseng, canna leaf, pomelo peel, the Chinese bulbul, rhizoma menispermi, golden cypress, the tuber of stemona, betel nut, alumen, Chinese gall, frutus cnidii, Fructus meliae toosendan, mountain
Villous themeda orchid, water eggplant, baeckea frutescen, zinc oxide, fern root mixing water boil and are boiled into mixing soup；D, will the obtained mixing soup of step (c) and ocean
Green onion juice mixing, filtering, are concentrated, spray drying, and then the borneol and grinding with powder weight 1-2% is mixed, and produce Chinese herbal medicine sterilization
Agent.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107711340A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-23 | 熊新家 | A kind of cucumber cultivation method |
| CN108651216A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-16 | 湖南泰谷生态工程有限公司 | A kind of cucumber soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN110291940A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-01 | 陕西彬翔农业科技有限公司 | High temperature difference cool area improve green cucumber economic benefit method |
| RU2737395C1 (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2020-11-30 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Горский государственный аграрный университет" | Method for growing cucumbers under cover |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144472A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-08-10 | 李士超 | Organic cultivating method of year-round cucumber |
| CN103975717A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-08-13 | 马鞍山绿九湾瓜果蔬菜种植有限公司 | Cultivation method for autumn greenhouse cucumbers |
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2017
- 2017-07-18 CN CN201710586480.8A patent/CN107223443A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144472A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-08-10 | 李士超 | Organic cultivating method of year-round cucumber |
| CN103975717A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-08-13 | 马鞍山绿九湾瓜果蔬菜种植有限公司 | Cultivation method for autumn greenhouse cucumbers |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107711340A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-23 | 熊新家 | A kind of cucumber cultivation method |
| CN110291940A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-01 | 陕西彬翔农业科技有限公司 | High temperature difference cool area improve green cucumber economic benefit method |
| CN108651216A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-16 | 湖南泰谷生态工程有限公司 | A kind of cucumber soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| RU2737395C1 (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2020-11-30 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Горский государственный аграрный университет" | Method for growing cucumbers under cover |
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