CN104686275A - Method for increasing yield of lycium ruthenicum - Google Patents

Method for increasing yield of lycium ruthenicum Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104686275A
CN104686275A CN201510143214.9A CN201510143214A CN104686275A CN 104686275 A CN104686275 A CN 104686275A CN 201510143214 A CN201510143214 A CN 201510143214A CN 104686275 A CN104686275 A CN 104686275A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
branch
black fruit
side shoot
fruit lyceum
lycium ruthenicum
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Pending
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CN201510143214.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冯晶
陈雨
赵本淑
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Sichuan This Industry Of Grass Tree Agriculture And Forestry Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Sichuan This Industry Of Grass Tree Agriculture And Forestry Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510143214.9A priority Critical patent/CN104686275A/en
Publication of CN104686275A publication Critical patent/CN104686275A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/04Supports for hops, vines, or trees
    • A01G17/14Props; Stays

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for increasing yield of lycium ruthenicum, belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. The method comprises the following steps of shearing off buds, fixing trucks, trimming trees of lycium ruthenicum and fixing branches. In the method, a branch trimming and fixing technology is used, plant nutrients are centralized, the canopy of the trees of the lycium ruthenicum is increased, accumulation of effective nutritional ingredients of fruits is promoted, and the quality is also improved; the trees of the lycium ruthenicum are harmonious in shape after the trees are trimmed, and the lycium ruthenicum can be convenient to pick; and by the branch fixing technology, an extension range of transverse space of the lycium ruthenicum is expanded, branches can grow above the ground, the yield of the lycium ruthenicum is improved, and the probability of diseases and insect pests is reduced obviously.

Description

A kind of method increasing production black fruit lyceum
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, relate to the technology of volume increase fruit, particularly relate to a kind of method increasing production black fruit lyceum.
Background technology
Black fruit lyceum ( lycium ruthenicum Murr.) be Solanaceae Lycium, be the raw medicinal plant of a kind of salt.Black fruit lyceum taste is sweet, property is put down, not only be rich in the multiple nutritional components such as protein, lycium barbarum polysaccharide, amino acid, vitamin, mineral matter, trace element, also containing abundant black fruit pigment-natural procyanidins, wherein haw matrimony vine is not containing OPC, the procyanidin content of black fruit lyceum exceedes blueberry, is the wild plant that the procyanidin content that finds so far is the highest.Meanwhile, black fruit lyceum has drought resisting, cold-resistant, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, root turion are strong and the plurality of advantages such as resistance to soil depletion, be Saline-alkali Field Control, bank protection, the good seeds that prevent erosion.Therefore, black fruit lyceum no matter in economic product exploitation, or all has market prospects and potentiality to be exploited widely in ecological environment treatment, can become the Important Economic seeds of medicines and health protection, establishment of economic forest and saline land biological control.
Black fruit lyceum is also many quils shrub, multi-branched, and branch is hard, normal in bending in a zigzag.Black fruit lyceum grows thickly branch too much, affects its reproductive growth, is unfavorable for the increase of output and the accumulation of active ingredient, and black fruit lyceum autumn late summer is its full bearing period at the beginning, easily bend branch, and branch is contacted to earth, easily bring out the generation of damage by disease and insect, and reduce plant light-receiving area, make the black fruit lyceum underproduction.These problems bring huge challenge to the cultivation management of black fruit lyceum, limit giving full play to of its economic benefit to a certain extent.At present, the general shape pruning that adopts improves output more, although alleviate the problem of the black fruit lyceum underproduction to a certain extent, but still there is press-bending branch, easily brings out the problem of damage by disease and insect, fundamentally do not improve the output of black fruit lyceum.In addition, not yet have the technology about volume increase black fruit lyceum open at present, the present invention utilizes branch to prune technique for fixing volume increase black fruit lyceum.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method increasing production black fruit lyceum is provided, utilize branch to prune technique for fixing and effectively improve damage by disease and insect generation, plant light-receiving area reduces the situation causing the black fruit lyceum underproduction, the method has increases black fruit lyceum output, promote the accumulation of the effective nutrient component of fruit, reduce damage by disease and insect, convenient feature of plucking.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of method increasing production black fruit lyceum, and it comprises the following steps:
S1. wipe out rudiment: daily mean temperature reaches after 16 DEG C in continuous 5 days, black fruit lyceum young sprout sprout, by more than the trunk base stem of black fruit lyceum and the young sprout rudiment of liftoff below the 30cm of branch band wipe out and determine trunk;
S2. fixed key: to retain on branch band the skeleton branch of 3 ~ 5 side shoots as little tree crown, and pinch at the liftoff 40 ~ 50cm place of side shoot;
S3. summer pruning: the new sprouting branch pruning below skeleton branch, by side shoot on branch band at branch long 20cm place cutting back, and the transitory branch upwards grown on side shoot is selected and remain, 2 ~ 3, the branch of the different directions of close trunk is as major branch, and in transitory branch distance, top is cut at side shoot 30cm place;
S4. branch is fixed: stretch out side shoot with ground at 45 °, inserts immobilization material at side shoot vertically downward from the position of trunk base stem 2/3rds, and immobilization material enters ground 10 ~ 15cm, and at liftoff 40 ~ 50cm place, side shoot fixed by plastics cord.
Further, the collateral generation described in step S2, at different directions, grows fine, and spatial distribution is open, and side shoot spacing is 3 ~ 5cm.
Further, the skeleton branch of the little tree crown described in step S2 is the ground floor hat of tree crown.
Further, the new rudiment of the pruning described in the step S3 branch time be annual late May ~ late July, and at interval of 14 ~ 16 days prune once.
Further, the major branch interval 10cm described in step S3.
Further, at branch long 20cm place cutting back, side shoot on branch band can be promoted that side shoot sprouts second fruiting branch, increase income summer fruit; In transitory branch distance, top is cut at side shoot 30cm place, promotes that branch increases income autumn fruit.
Further, described immobilization material is the bamboo pole fragment of diameter 1.5 ~ 2cm, long 80cm.
Further, the described set time is: black fruit lyceum single grow thickly branch bloom number more than 30 pieces time fine day noon or afternoon.
In described fixation procedure, side shoot is stretched out with ground at 45 °, at black fruit lyceum low light according to producing region, the distribution of black fruit lyceum branch in space can be increased, obtain more illumination, increase the area of leaf photosynthesis, thus increase yield; The tree-like of black fruit lyceum result shape grace can be kept; Solve because black fruit lyceum branch is more crisp, during later stage large result, make branch sagging, cause top-heavy problem; In addition relative to other angles, 45 ° most suitable, and the too little effect that can not play support of angle, can cause sagging contacting to earth, and too large branch easily fractures and illumination is insufficient.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: (1) the present invention adopts branch to prune technique for fixing, concentrates plant nutrition, increases its hat width, promotes the accumulation of the effective nutrient component of fruit, improve quality; (2) the present invention makes black fruit lyceum keep the tree-like of coordination by pruning, and conveniently plucks; (3) use of branch technique for fixing in the present invention, adds the expanded range of black fruit lyceum horizontal space, makes the liftoff growth of branch, improve the output of black fruit lyceum, significantly reduces the probability that damage by disease and insect occurs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that below 30cm young sprout of the present invention rudiment is wiped out;
Fig. 2, in fixed key process of the present invention, branch band retains 3 ~ 5 side shoots;
Fig. 3 is that in fixed key process of the present invention, side shoot is pinched;
Fig. 4 wipes out below branch band in summer pruning process of the present invention newly to sprout branch;
Fig. 5 is side shoot cutting back in summer pruning process of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is transitory branch cutting back in summer pruning process of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is immobilization material in fixation procedure of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is side shoot fixed part component of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is fixing overall diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following stated.
embodiment 1:increase production a method for black fruit lyceum, it comprises the following steps:
S1. wipe out rudiment: daily mean temperature reaches after 16 DEG C in continuous 5 days, black fruit lyceum young sprout sprout, by more than the trunk base stem of black fruit lyceum and the young sprout rudiment of liftoff below the 30cm of branch band wipe out and determine trunk;
S2. fixed key: reservation branch band grows and grows fine in different directions, spatial distribution is open, and side shoot spacing is the skeleton branch of 3 side shoots as little tree crown of 3cm, and pinches at the liftoff 40cm place of side shoot;
S3. summer pruning: late May ~ late July during to prune new sprouting branch below a skeleton branch every 14 days; By side shoot on branch band at branch long 20cm place cutting back, promote that its side shoot sprouts second fruiting branch, increase income summer fruit; 2, the branch of interval 10cm that the transitory branch that side shoot upwards grows is selected and remain near the different directions of trunk is as major branch, and in transitory branch distance, top is cut at side shoot 30cm place, promotes that branch increases income autumn fruit;
S4. branch is fixed: with the bamboo pole fragment of diameter 1.5cm, long 80cm for immobilization material, single branch of growing thickly bloom number more than 30 pieces time, noon black fruit lyceum branch is fixed at fine day, just side shoot stretches out with ground at 45 °, bamboo pole is inserted vertically downward from the position of trunk base stem 2/3rds at side shoot, bamboo pole enters ground 10cm, and at liftoff 40cm place, side shoot fixed by plastics cord.
Obtained by the method: all kinds of fruits heavy 24.5g, single plant yield 90g, damage by disease and insect 3.3 times.
embodiment 2:increase production a method for black fruit lyceum, it comprises the following steps:
S1. wipe out rudiment: daily mean temperature reaches after 16 DEG C in continuous 5 days, black fruit lyceum young sprout sprout, by more than the trunk base stem of black fruit lyceum and the young sprout rudiment of liftoff below the 30cm of branch band wipe out and determine trunk;
S2. fixed key: reservation branch band grows and grows fine in different directions, spatial distribution is open, and side shoot spacing is the skeleton branch of 5 side shoots as little tree crown of 5cm, and pinches at the liftoff 50cm place of side shoot;
S3. summer pruning: late May ~ late July during to prune new sprouting branch below a skeleton branch every 16 days; By side shoot on branch band at branch long 20cm place cutting back, promote that its side shoot sprouts second fruiting branch, increase income summer fruit; 3, the branch of interval 10cm that the transitory branch that side shoot upwards grows is selected and remain near the different directions of trunk is as major branch, and in transitory branch distance, top is cut at side shoot 30cm place, promotes that branch increases income autumn fruit;
S4. branch is fixed: with the bamboo pole fragment of diameter 2cm, long 80cm for immobilization material, single branch of growing thickly bloom number more than 30 pieces time, select to be fixed black fruit lyceum branch afternoon at fine day, just side shoot stretches out with ground at 45 °, bamboo pole is inserted vertically downward from the position of trunk base stem 2/3rds at side shoot, bamboo pole enters ground 15cm, and at liftoff 50cm place, side shoot fixed by plastics cord.
Obtained by this method of determining: all kinds of fruits heavy 23.9g, single plant yield 85g, damage by disease and insect 3 times.
embodiment 3:increase production a method for black fruit lyceum, it comprises the following steps:
S1. wipe out rudiment: daily mean temperature reaches after 16 DEG C in continuous 5 days, black fruit lyceum young sprout sprout, by more than the trunk base stem of black fruit lyceum and the young sprout rudiment of liftoff below the 30cm of branch band wipe out and determine trunk;
S2. fixed key: reservation branch band grows and grows fine in different directions, spatial distribution is open, and side shoot spacing is the skeleton branch of 4 side shoots as little tree crown of 4cm, and pinches at the liftoff 44cm place of side shoot;
S3. summer pruning: late May ~ late July during to prune new sprouting branch below a skeleton branch every 15 days; By side shoot on branch band at branch long 20cm place cutting back, promote that its side shoot sprouts second fruiting branch, increase income summer fruit; 3, the branch of interval 10cm that the transitory branch that side shoot upwards grows is selected and remain near the different directions of trunk is as major branch, and in transitory branch distance, top is cut at side shoot 30cm place, promotes that branch increases income autumn fruit;
S4. branch is fixed: with the bamboo pole fragment of diameter 1.7cm, long 80cm for immobilization material, single branch of growing thickly bloom number more than 30 pieces time, select to be fixed black fruit lyceum branch noon at fine day, just side shoot stretches out with ground at 45 °, bamboo pole is inserted vertically downward from the position of trunk base stem 2/3rds at side shoot, bamboo pole enters ground 12cm, and at liftoff 43cm place, side shoot fixed by plastics cord.
Obtained by the method: all kinds of fruits heavy 24.1g, single plant yield 88g, damage by disease and insect 3.1 times.
embodiment 4:increase production a method for black fruit lyceum, it comprises the following steps:
S1. wipe out rudiment: daily mean temperature reaches after 16 DEG C in continuous 5 days, black fruit lyceum young sprout sprout, by more than the trunk base stem of black fruit lyceum and the young sprout rudiment of liftoff below the 30cm of branch band wipe out and determine trunk;
S2. fixed key: reservation branch band grows and grows fine in different directions, spatial distribution is open, and side shoot spacing is the skeleton branch of 5 side shoots as little tree crown of 4cm, and pinches at the liftoff 48cm place of side shoot;
S3. summer pruning: late May ~ late July during to prune new sprouting branch below a skeleton branch every 15 days; By side shoot on branch band at branch long 20cm place cutting back, promote that its side shoot sprouts second fruiting branch, increase income summer fruit; 2, the branch of interval 10cm that the transitory branch that side shoot upwards grows is selected and remain near the different directions of trunk is as major branch, and in transitory branch distance, top is cut at side shoot 30cm place, promotes that branch increases income autumn fruit;
S4. branch is fixed: with the bamboo pole fragment of diameter 1.8cm, long 80cm for immobilization material, single branch of growing thickly bloom number more than 30 pieces time, select to be fixed black fruit lyceum branch afternoon at fine day, just side shoot stretches out with ground at 45 °, bamboo pole is inserted vertically downward from the position of trunk base stem 2/3rds at side shoot, bamboo pole enters ground 13cm, and at liftoff 48cm place, side shoot fixed by plastics cord.
Obtained by the method: all kinds of fruits heavy 24.3g, single plant yield 85g, damage by disease and insect 3 times.
comparative example:without the black fruit lyceum of technique for fixing, only obtain by pruning to cultivate: all kinds of fruits heavy 21.5g, single plant yield 71g, damage by disease and insect 6.5 times.
Integrated embodiment 1 ~ 4 obtains mean value: all kinds of fruits heavy 24.2g, single plant yield 87g, damage by disease and insect 3.1 times.
The data that comparing embodiment 1 ~ 4 and comparative example obtain are known: adopt the black fruit lyceum that the present invention obtains: all kinds of fruits galassing all increases by 12.56%, and single plant yield on average increases by 22.54%, the sick decreased average 52.3% of damage by disease and insect; The present invention can improve black fruit lyceum output and significantly reduce the probability of damage by disease and insect generation.

Claims (6)

1. increase production a method for black fruit lyceum, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
S1. wipe out rudiment: daily mean temperature reaches after 16 DEG C in continuous 5 days, black fruit lyceum young sprout sprout, by more than the trunk base stem of black fruit lyceum and the young sprout rudiment of liftoff below the 30cm of branch band wipe out and determine trunk;
S2. fixed key: to retain on branch band the skeleton branch of 3 ~ 5 side shoots as little tree crown, and pinch at the liftoff 40 ~ 50cm place of side shoot;
S3. summer pruning: the new sprouting branch pruning below skeleton branch, by side shoot on branch band at branch long 20cm place cutting back, and the transitory branch upwards grown on side shoot is selected and remain, 2 ~ 3, the branch of the different directions of close trunk is as major branch, and in transitory branch distance, top is cut at side shoot 30cm place;
S4. branch is fixed: stretch out side shoot with ground at 45 °, inserts immobilization material at side shoot vertically downward from the position of trunk base stem 2/3rds, and immobilization material enters ground 10 ~ 15cm, and at liftoff 40 ~ 50cm place, side shoot fixed by plastics cord.
2. a kind of method increasing production black fruit lyceum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the collateral generation described in step S2, at different directions, grows fine, and spatial distribution is open, and side shoot spacing is 3 ~ 5cm.
3. a kind of method increasing production black fruit lyceum according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the new rudiment branch time of the pruning described in step S3 be late May ~ late July, and at interval of 14 ~ 16 days prune once.
4. a kind of method increasing production black fruit lyceum according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the major branch interval 10cm described in step S3.
5. a kind of method increasing production black fruit lyceum according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described immobilization material is the bamboo pole fragment of diameter 1.5 ~ 2cm, long 80cm.
6. a kind of method increasing production black fruit lyceum according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described set time is: black fruit lyceum single grow thickly branch bloom number more than 30 pieces time fine day noon or afternoon.
CN201510143214.9A 2015-03-30 2015-03-30 Method for increasing yield of lycium ruthenicum Pending CN104686275A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105165357A (en) * 2015-09-28 2015-12-23 曾小虎 Planting method for high-altitude saline-alkali soil black medlar tree
CN105340544A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-02-24 西北师范大学 LyciumruthenicumMurr introduction domestication seedling growing method
CN106718571A (en) * 2016-12-17 2017-05-31 李树园 Lycium ruthenicum implantation methods
CN106717821A (en) * 2016-11-28 2017-05-31 山东博华高效生态农业科技有限公司 A kind of method for culturing seedlings of off-season cultivation black fruit fructus lycii
CN113728860A (en) * 2021-09-03 2021-12-03 宁夏农林科学院枸杞科学研究所 Simplified wolfberry tree form and culture method thereof

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CN102919017A (en) * 2012-10-31 2013-02-13 迟锡权 Novel domestication and cultivation technique of wild wolfberries in hilly and mountain areas
CN104303747A (en) * 2014-09-28 2015-01-28 王慧 Method for cultivating lycium ruthenicum in saline and alkaline land

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105165357A (en) * 2015-09-28 2015-12-23 曾小虎 Planting method for high-altitude saline-alkali soil black medlar tree
CN105340544A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-02-24 西北师范大学 LyciumruthenicumMurr introduction domestication seedling growing method
CN105340544B (en) * 2015-11-20 2019-03-29 西北师范大学 A kind of introduction and acclimatization method for culturing seedlings of wild lycium ruthenicum
CN106717821A (en) * 2016-11-28 2017-05-31 山东博华高效生态农业科技有限公司 A kind of method for culturing seedlings of off-season cultivation black fruit fructus lycii
CN106718571A (en) * 2016-12-17 2017-05-31 李树园 Lycium ruthenicum implantation methods
CN113728860A (en) * 2021-09-03 2021-12-03 宁夏农林科学院枸杞科学研究所 Simplified wolfberry tree form and culture method thereof

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